1

Raiganj University

Department of History

Revised B.A. History Honours and

B.A. (Programme) History as Discipline -1,
Syllabi 2017
Under Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)

As approved by the Departmental Committee of Department of History,

Raiganj University in its meeting dated 3.5.2017

&

Revised in the DC meeting dated 15.03.2019

 2

Structure of B.A. (Hons.) History Course under CBCS

Core Course (14)

C I: History of India-I
C II: Social Formations and Cultural Patterns of the Ancient World
C III: History of India-II
C IV: Social Formations and Cultural Patterns of the Medieval World
C V: History of India-III (c. 750-1206)
C VI: Rise of the Modern West-I
C VII: History of India IV (c.1206-1550)
C VIII: Rise of the Modern West -II
C IX: History of India-V (c. 1550-1605)
C X: History of India-VI (c. 1750-1857)
C XI: History of Modern Europe- I (c. 1780-1939)
C XII: History of India-VII (c. 1605-1750)
C XIII: History of India-VIII (c. 1857-1950)
C XIV: History of Modern Europe- II (1780-1939)

Discipline Specific Elective (Any Four)

Paper I: History of United States Of America -1(C. 1776 -1945)
Paper II: History of United States Of America -I1(C. 1776 - 1945)
Paper III: History of The USSR-I (c. 1917- 1964)
Paper IV: History of The USSR-II (c. 1917- 1964)
Paper V: History of Africa (c. 1500 - 1960s)
Paper VI: History of Latin America (c. 1500 - 1960s)
Paper VII: History of Southeast Asia-The 19TH Century
Paper VIII: History of Southeast Asia-The 20TH Century
Paper IX-History of Modern East Asia-I (c.1840-1949)
Paper X-History of Modern East Asia-1I (c. 1868-1945)
Paper XI: History of Modern Bengal –I (19th Century)
Paper XII: History of Modern Bengal –II (20th Century)

Generic Elective (Interdisciplinary Any Four)

Paper-I: Environmental Issues In India
Paper-II: Research Methodology in History
Paper-III: Making of Contemporary India
Paper-IV: Delhi: Ancient
Paper-V: Delhi: Medieval
Paper-VI: Delhi: Modern
Paper-VII: Issues in Contemporary World
Paper-VIII: Gender in Indian History
Paper-IX: History of Science in Colonial India
Paper X : Bengal : Ancient
Paper XI: Bengal : Modern
 3

Ability Enhancement Course (AEC)

Compulsory-II Papers
Environmental Science
English/ MIL

Skill Enhancement Courses (SEC) Any Two

Paper-I Understanding Heritage

Paper-II: Art Appreciation: An Introduction to Indian Art
Paper-III: Archives and museums
Paper-IV: Understanding Popular Culture
 4

Detailed Syllabus
Core Courses-14
B.A (Hons), History

PAPER I: HISTORY OF INDIA- I

I. Reconstructing Ancient Indian History

[a] Early Indian notions of History
[b] Sources and tools of historical reconstruction.
[c] Historical interpretations (with special reference to gender,
environment, technology, and regions).
II. Pre-historic hunter-gatherers
[a] Paleolithic cultures- sequence and distribution; stone industries
and other technological developments.
[b] Mesolithic cultures- regional and chronological distribution; new
developments in technology and economy; rock art.
III. The advent of food production
Understanding the regional and chronological distribution of the Neolithic and
Chalcolithic cultures: subsistence, and patterns of exchange
IV. The Harappan civilization
Origins; settlement patterns and town planning; agrarian base; craft
productions and trade; social and political organization; religious beliefs and
practices; art; the problem of urban decline and the late/post-Harappan
traditions.
V. Cultures in transition
Settlement patterns, technological and economic developments; social
stratification; political relations; religion and philosophy; the Aryan Problem.
[a] North India (circa 1500 BCE-300 BCE)
[b] Central India and the Deccan (circa 1000 BCE - circa 300 BCE)
[c] Tamilakam (circa 300 BCE to circa CE 300)

ESSENTIAL READINGS

R.S. Sharma, India’s Ancient Past, New Delhi, OUP, 2007

R. S. Sharma, Material Culture and Social Formations in Ancient India, 1983.
R.S. Sharma, Looking for the Aryas, Delhi, Orient Longman Publishers, 1995
D. P. Agrawal, The Archaeology of India, 1985
Bridget & F. Raymond Allchin, The Rise of Civilization in India and
Pakistan, 1983.
A. L. Basham, The Wonder that Was India, 1971.
D. K. Chakrabarti, The Archaeology of Ancient Indian Cities, 1997,
Paperback.
D. K. Chakrabarti, The Oxford Companion to Indian Archaeology,
New Delhi, 2006.
H. C. Raychaudhuri, Political History of Ancient India, Rev. ed. with
Commentary by B. N. Mukherjee, 1996
K. A. N. Sastri, ed., History of South India, OUP, 1966.
Upinder Singh, A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India, 2008.
 5

Romila Thapar, Early India from the Beginnings to 1300, London,2002.

Irfan Habib,A People’s History-Vol. -1,PreHistory,2001,
----Vol.-2,Indus Civilization: Including Other Copper Age Cultures
and the History of Language Change till 155 B.C., 2002

Suggested Readings
Uma Chakravarti, The Social Dimensions of Early Buddhism. 1997.
Rajan Gurukkal, Social Formations of Early South India, 2010.
R. Champakalakshmi, Trade. Ideology and urbanization: South India 300 BC-
AD 1300, 1996.
 6

PAPER II: SOCIAL FORMATIONS AND CULTURAL PATTERNSOF THE ANCIENT

WORLD

I. Evolution of humankind; Paleolithic and Mesolithic cultures.

II. Food production: beginnings of agriculture and animal husbandry.
III. Bronze Age Civilizations, with reference to any one of the following:
i) Egypt (Old Kingdom); ii) Mesopotamia (up to the Akkadian Empire);
iii) China (Shang); IV) Eastern Mediterranean (Minoan) economy, social
stratification, state structure, religion.
IV. Nomadic groups in Central and West Asia; Debate on the advent of iron and
its implications
V. Slave society in ancient Greece: agrarian economy, urbanization, trade.
VI. Polis in ancient Greece: Athens and Sparta; Greek Culture.

ESSENTIAL READINGS
B.Trigger, Ancient Egypt : A Social History. Cambridge University Press, 1983
Burns and Ralph. World Civilizations.
Cambridge History of Africa, Vol. I.
V. Gordon Childe, What Happened in History.
G. Clark, World Prehistory: A New Perspective.
B. Fagan, People of the Earth.
Amar Farooqui, Early Social Formations.
M. I. Finley, The Ancient Economy.
Jacquetta Hawkes, First Civilizations.
G. Roux, Ancient Iraq.
Bai Shaoyi, An Outline History of China.
H. W. F. Saggs, The Greatness that was Babylon.
B. Trigger, Ancient Egypt: A Social History.
UNESCO Series: History of Mankind, Vols. I - III./ or New ed.
History of Humanity.
R. J. Wenke, Patterns in Prehistory.
Liverani, M. (ed.) 1993. Akkad: The First World Empire, Padua
SUGGESTED READINGS
G. E. M. Ste Croix, Class Struggles in the Ancient Greek World.
J. D. Bernal, Science in History, Vol. I.
V. Gordon Childe, Social Evolution.
Glyn Daniel, First Civilizations.
A. Hauser, A Social History of Art, Vol. I.
 7

PAPER III: HISTORY OF INDIA II

I. Economy and Society (circa 300 BCE to circa CE 300):

[a] Expansion of agrarian economy: production relations.
[b] Urban growth: north India, central India and the Deccan; craft
production: trade and trade routes; coinage.
[c] Social stratification: class, Varna, jati, untouchability; gender; marriage
and property relations
II. Changing political formations (circa 300 BCE to circa CE300):
[a] The Mauryan Empire
[b] Post-Mauryan Polities with special reference to the Kushanasand the
Satavahanas; Gana-Sanghas.
III. Towards early medieval India [circa CE fourth century toCE750]:
[a] Agrarian expansion: land grants, changing production relations;
graded Land rights and peasantry.
[b] The problem of urban decline: patterns of trade, currency, and
urban Settlements.
[c] Varna, proliferation of jatis: changing norms of marriage and property.
[d] The nature of polities: the Gupta empire and its contemporaries: post-
Gupta polities -Pallavas, Chalukyas, and Vardhanas
IV. Religion, philosophy and society (circa 300 BCE- CE 750):
(a) Consolidation of the brahmanical tradition: dharma,Varnashram,
Purusharthas, samskaras.
(b) Theistic cults (from circa second century BC): Mahayana; the Puranic
tradition.
(c) The beginnings of Tantricism
V. Cultural developments (circa 300 BCE û CE 750):
[a] A brief survey of Sanskrit, Pali, Prakrit and Tamil literature. Scientific and
technical treatises
[b] Art and architecture & forms and patronage; Mauryan, post-Mauryan,
Gupta, post-Gupta

ESSENTIAL READINGS

B. D. Chattopadhyaya, The Making of Early Medieval India, 1994.

D. P. Chattopadhyaya, History of Science and Technology in Ancient
India, 1986.
D. D. Kosambi, An Introduction to the Study of Indian History,1975.
S. K. Maity, Economic Life in Northern India in the Gupta Period,1970.
B. P. Sahu (ed), Land System and Rural Society in Early India,1997.
K. A. N. Sastri, A History of South India.
R. S. Sharma, Indian Feudalism, 1980.
R.S.Sharma,Urban Decay in India,c.300-C1000,Delhi,Munshiram Manohar
Lal,1987
Romila Thapar, Asoka and the Decline of the Mauryas, 1997.
Susan Huntington, The Art of Ancient India: Buddhist, Hindu, andJain, New
York, 1985.
 8

SUGGESTED READINGS

N. N. Bhattacharya, Ancient Indian Rituals and Their Social Contents, 2nd

ed., 1996.
J. C. Harle, The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent,1987.
P. L. Gupta, Coins, 4th ed., 1996.
Kesavan Veluthat, The Early Medieval in South India, New Delhi,2009
H. P. Ray Winds of Change, 1994.
Romila Thapar, Early India: From the Origins to 1300, 2002.
 9

PAPER IV: SOCIAL FORMATIONS AND CULTURAL PATTERNS

OF THE MEDIEVAL WORLD

I. Roman Republic, Participate and Empire &slave society in ancient Rome:

Agrarian economy, urbanization, trade.
II. Religion and culture in ancient Rome.
III. Crises of the Roman Empire.
IV. Economic developments in Europe from the 7th to the
14th centuries: Organization of production, towns and trade, technological
developments. Crisis of feudalism.
V. Religion and culture in medieval Europe:
VI. Societies in Central Islamic Lands:
[a] The tribal background, ummah, Caliphal state; rise of Sultanates
[b] Religious developments: the origins of shariah, Mihna, Sufism
[c] Urbanization and trade

ESSENTIAL READINGS

Perry Anderson, Passages from Antiquity to Feudalism.

Marc Bloch, Feudal Society, 2 Vols.
Cambridge History of Islam, 2 Vols.
Georges Duby, The Early Growth of the European Economy.
Fontana, Economic History of Europe, Vol. I (relevant chapters).
P. K. Hitti, History of the Arabs.
P. Garnsey and Saller, The Roman Empire.

SUGGESTED READINGS

S. Ameer Ali, The Spirit of Islam.

J. Barrowclough, The Medieval Papacy.
Encyclopedia of Islam, Ist ed., 4 vols.
M. G. S. Hodgson, The Venture of Islam.
 10

PAPER V: HISTORY OF INDIA III (c. 750 -1206)

I. Studying Early Medieval India:

Historical geography Sources: texts, epigraphic and numismatic data
Debates on Indian feudalism, rise of the Rajputs and the nature of the state
II. Political Structures:
(a) Evolution of political structures: Rashtrakutas, Palas, Pratiharas,Rajputs
and Cholas
(b) Legitimization of kingship; brahmanas and temples; royalgenealogies and
rituals
(c) Arab conquest of Sindh: nature and impact of the new set-up; Ismaili
dawah
(d) Causes and consequences of early Turkish invasions: Mahmudof Ghazna;
Shahab-ud-Din of Ghur
III. Agrarian Structure and Social Change:
(a) Agricultural expansion; crops
(b) Landlords and peasants
(c) Proliferation of castes; status of untouchables
(d) Tribes as peasants and their place in the Varna order
IV. Trade and Commerce:
(a) Inter-regional trade
(b) Maritime trade
(c) Forms of exchange
(d) Process of urbanization
(e) Merchant guilds of South India
V. Religious and Cultural Developments:
(a) Bhakti, Tantrism, Puranic traditions; Buddhism and Jainism;Popular
religious cults
(b) Islamic intellectual traditions: Al-Biruni; Al-Hujwiri
(c) Regional languages and literature
(d) Art and architecture: Evolution of regional styles

ESSENTIAL READINGS

R.S. Sharma, Indian Feudalism (circa 300 - 1200).

B.D. Chattopadhyaya, The Making of Early Medieval India.
R.S. Sharma and K.M. Shrimali, eds, Comprehensive History ofIndia, Vol. IV
(A & B).
Mohammad Habib and K.A. Nizami, eds, Comprehensive History of
India, Vol. V, The Delhi Sultanate
Hermann Kulke, ed., The State in India (AD 1000 - AD 1700).
N. Karashima, South Indian History and Society (Studies fromInscriptions,
AD 850 -1800
Derryl N. Maclean, Religion and Society in Arab Sindh.
Irfan Habib, Medieval India: The Study of a Civilization.
 11

SUGGESTED READINGS

Richard Davis, Lives of Indian Images.

Romila Thapar, Somanatha: The Many Voices of a History.
John S. Deyell, Living Without Silver: The Monetary History of Early
Medieval North India.
Vijaya Ramaswamy, Walking Naked: Women, Society, andSpirituality in
South India.
Burton Stein, Peasant State and Society in Medieval South India.
R. Champakalakshmi, Trade, Ideology and Urbanization: SouthIndia, 300 BC
to 1300 AD.
Al. Beruni’s India, NBT edition.
Ali Hujwiri, Kashful Mahjoob, tr. R.Nicholson.
S C Mishra, Rise of Muslim Communities in Gujarat.
J. Schwartzberg, Historical Atlas of South Asia.
 12

PAPER VI :RISE OF THE MODERN WEST – I

I. Transition from feudalism to capitalism: problems and theories.

II. Early colonial expansion: motives, voyages and explorations; the conquests
of the Americas: beginning of the era of colonization; mining and plantation;
the African slaves.
III. Renaissance: its social roots, city-states of Italy; spread of humanism in
Europe; Art.
IV. Origins, course and results of the European Reformation in the 16th century.
V. Economic developments of the sixteenth century: Shift of economic balance
from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic; Commercial Revolution; Influx of
American silver and the Price Revolution.
VI. Emergence of European state system: Spain; France; England; Russia.

ESSENTIAL READINGS

T.S. Aston and C. H. E. Philpin (eds.), The Brenner Debate

H. Butterfield, The Origins of Modern Science.
Carlo M. Cipolla, Fontana Economic History of Europe, Vols. II and III. Carlo
M. Cipolla, Before the Industrial Revolution, European Society and Economy.
1000 -1700. 3rd ed. (1993)
D. C. Coleman (ed.), Revisions in Mercantilism.
Ralph Davis, The Rise of the Atlantic Economics.
Maurice Dobb, Studies in the Development of Capitalism.
J. R. Hale, Renaissance Europe.
R. Hall, From Galileo to Newton.
Christopher Hill, A Century of Revolutions.
Rodney Hilton, Transition from Feudalism to Capitalism.
H. G. Koenigsberger and G. L. Mosse, Europe in the Sixteenth Century.
Stephen J. Lee, Aspects of European History, 1494 - 1789.
G. Parker, Europe in Crisis. 1598- 1648.
G. Parker and L. M. Smith, General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century.
J. H. Parry, The Age of Reconnaissance.
Meenaxi Phukan, Rise of the Modern West: Social and Economic History of
Early Modern Europe.
V. Poliensiky, War and Society in Europe, 1618 - 48.
Theodore K. Rabb, The Struggle for Stability in Early Modern Europe.
V. Scammell, The First Imperial Age: European Overseas Expansion,
1400 - 1715.
Jan de Vries, Economy of Europe in an Age of Crisis 1600 û 1750.

SUGGESTED READINGS

M. S. Anderson, Europe in the Eighteenth Century.

Perry Anderson, The Lineages of the Absolutist State.
Stuart Andrews, Eighteenth Century Europe.
B. H. Slicher von Bath, The Agrarian History of Western Europe.AD.500 -
1850.
The Cambridge Economic History of Europe. Vol.I - VI.
 13

James B. Collins, The State in Early Modern France: NewApproaches to

EuropeanHistory.
G. R. Elton, Reformation Europe, 1517 - 1559.
M. P. Gilmore, The World of Humanism. 1453 -1517.
Peter Kriedte, Peasants, Landlords and Merchant Capitalists.
J. Lynch, Spain under the Hapsburgs.
Peter Mathias, First Industrial revolution.
Harry Miskimin, The Economy of Later Renaissance Europe: 1460 - 1600.
Charles A. Nauert, Humanism and the Culture of the Renaissance(1996).
The New Cambridge Modern History of Europe, Vols.I -VII.
L. W. Owie, Seventeenth Century Europe.
D. H. Pennington, Seventeenth Century Europe.
F. Rice, The Foundations of Early Modern Europe.
 14

PAPER VII: HISTORY OF INDIA IV (c.1206 - 1550)

I. Interpreting the Delhi Sultanate:

Survey of sources: Persian tarikh tradition; vernacular histories; epigraphy
II. Sultanate Political Structures:
(a) Foundation, expansion and consolidation of the Sultanate of Delhi; The
Khaljis and the Tughluqs; Mongol threat and Timur’s invasion; The Lodis:
Conquest of Bahlul and Sikandar; Ibrahim Lodi and the battle of Panipat
(b) Theories of kingship; Ruling elites; Sufis, ulama and the political
authority; imperial monuments and coinage
(c) Emergence of provincial dynasties: Bahamanis, Vijayanagar,Gujarat,
Malwa, Jaunpur and Bengal
(d) Consolidation of regional identities; regional art, architecture and
literature
III. Society and Economy:
(a) Iqta and the revenue-free grants
(b) Agricultural production; technology
(c) Changes in rural society; revenue systems
(d) Monetization; market regulations; growth of urban centers;trade and
commerce; Indian Ocean trade
IV. Religion, Society and Culture:
(a) Sufi silsilas: Chishtis and Suhrawardis; doctrines and practices; social
roles
(b) Bhakti movements and monotheistic traditions in South and North India;
Women Bhaktas; Nathpanthis; Kabir, Nanak and the Sant tradition
(c) Sufi literature: malfuzat; premakhayans

ESSENTIAL READINGS

Mohammad Habib and K.A. Nizami, eds, Comprehensive History of

India, Vol. V, The Delhi Sultanate.
Satish Chandra, Medieval India I.
Peter Jackson, The Delhi Sultanate.
Catherine Asher and Cynthia Talbot, India Before Europe.
Tapan Raychaudhuri and Irfan Habib, eds, Cambridge Economic
History of India, Vol. I.
K.A. Nizami, Religion and Politics in the Thirteenth Century.
W.H. McLeod, Karine Schomer, et al, Eds, The Sants.
S.A.A. Rizvi, A History of Sufism in India, Vol. I.
Mohibul Hasan, Historians of Medieval India.

SUGGESTED READINGS

Cynthia Talbot, Pre-colonial India in Practice.

Simon Digby, War Horses and Elephants in the Delhi Sultanate.
I.H. Siddiqui, Afghan Despotism.
Burton Stein, New Cambridge History of India: Vijayanagara.
Richard M. Eaton, ed., India’s Islamic Traditions.
Vijaya Ramaswamy, Walking Naked: Women, Society, and
Spirituality in South India.
 15

Sheldon Pollock, Languages of the Gods in the World of Men.

Pushpa Prasad, Sanskrit Inscriptions of the Delhi Sultanate.
Andre Wink, Al-Hind, Vols. I-III.
 16

PAPER VIII: RISE OF THE MODERN WEST – II

I. 17th century European crisis: economic, social and political dimensions.

II. The English Revolution: major issues; political and intellectual currents.
III. Rise of modern science in relation to European society from the Renaissance
to the 17th century.
IV. Mercantilism and European economics; 17th and 18thcenturies.
V. European politics in the 18th century: parliamentary monarchy; patterns of
Absolutism in Europe.
VI. Political and economic issues in the American Revolution.
VII. Preludes to the Industrial Revolution.

Essential Readings:

T.S. Aston and C.H.E. Philpin (eds.), The Brenner Debate.

H. Butterfield, The Origins of Modern Science.
Carlo M. Cipolla, Fontana Economic History of Europe, Vols. II andIII.
Carlo M. Cipolla, Before the Industrial Revolution, European
Society and Economy, 1000 -1700. 3rd ed. (1993)
D.C. Coleman (ed.), Revisions in Mercantilism.
Ralph Davis, The Rise of the Atlantic Economics.
Maurice Dobb, Studies in the Development of Capitalism.
J.R. Hale, Renaissance Europe.
R. Hall, From Galileo to Newton.
Christopher Hill, A Century of Revolutions.
Rodney Hilton, Transition from Feudalism to Capitalism.
H.G. Koenigsberger and G.L. Mosse, Europe in the Sixteenth Century.
Stephen J. Lee, Aspects of European History, 1494 - 1789.
G. Parker, Europe in Crisis, 1598 - 1648.
G. Parker and L.M. Smith, General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century.
J.H. Parry, The Age of Reconnaissance.
Meenaxi Phukan, Rise of the Modern West: Social and Economic History of
Early Modern Europe.
V. Poliensiky, War and Society in Europe. 1618 -48.
Theodore K. Rabb, The Struggle for Stability in Early Modern Europe.
V. Scammell, The First Imperial Age: European Overseas Expansion,
1400-1715.
Jan de Vries, Economy of Europe in an Age of Crisis 1600 - 1750.

SUGGESTED READINGS

M. S. Anderson, Europe in the Eighteenth Century.

Perry Anderson, The Lineages of the Absolutist State.
Stuart Andrews, Eighteenth Century Europe.
B. H. Slicher von Bath, The Agrarian History of Western Europe.AD.
500 - 1850.
The Cambridge Economic History of Europe.Vol.I - VI.
James B. Collins, The State in Early Modern France, New Approaches to
European History.
G. R. Elton, Reformation Europe, 1517 û 1559.
 17

M. P. Gilmore, The World of Humanism. 1453 -1517.

Peter Kriedte, Peasants, Landlords and Merchant Capitalists.
J. Lynch, Spain under the Hapsburgs.
Peter Mathias, First Industrial revolution.
Harry Miskimin, The Economy of Later Renaissance Europe: 1460 - 1600.
Charles A. Nauert, Humanism and the Culture of the Renaissance (1996).
The New Cambridge Modern History of Europe, Vols.I - VII.
L. W. Owie, Seventeenth Century Europe.
D. H. Pennington, Seventeenth Century Europe.
F. Rice, The Foundations of Early Modern Europe
 18

PAPER IX: HISTORY OF INDIA V (c. 1550 - 1605)

I. Sources and Historiography:

(a) Persian literary culture; translations; Vernacular literary traditions
(b) Modern Interpretations
II. Establishment of Mughal Rule:
(a) India on the eve of Babur’s invasion
(b) Fire arms, military technology and warfare
(c) Humayun’s struggle for empire
(d) Sher Shah and his administrative and revenue reforms
III. Consolidation of Mughal rule under Akbar:
(a) Campaigns and conquests: tactics and technology
(b) Evolution of administrative institutions: zabt, mansab, jagir,madad-i-
maash
(c) Revolts and resistance
IV. Expansion and Integration:
(a) Incorporation of Rajputs and other indigenous groups in Mughalnobility
(b) North-West frontier, Gujarat and the Deccan
(c) Conquest of Bengal
V. Rural Society and Economy:
(a) Land rights and revenue system; Zamindars and peasants; rural tensions
(b) Extension of agriculture; agricultural production; crop patterns
(c) Trade routes and patterns of internal commerce; overseas trade; rise of
Surat
VI. Political and religious ideals:
(a) Inclusive political ideas: theory and practice
(b) Religious tolerance and sulh-i-kul; Sufi mystical and intellectual
interventions
(c) Pressure from the ulama
 19

PAPER X: HISTORY OF INDIA VI (c. 1750 - 1857)

I. India in the mid 18th Century; Society, Economy, Polity

II. Expansion and Consolidation of colonial Power:
[a] Mercantilism, foreign trade and early forms of exactions from Bengal.
[b] Dynamics of expansion, with special reference to Bengal, Mysore,
Western India, Awadh, Punjab, and Sindh.
III. Colonial State and Ideology:
[a] Arms of the colonial state: army, police, law.
[b] Ideologies of the Raj and racial attitudes.
[c] Education: indigenous and modern.
IV. Rural Economy and Society:
[a] Land revenue systems and forest policy.
[b] Commercialization and indebtedness.
[c] Rural society: change and continuity.
[d] Famines.
[e] Pastoral economy and shifting cultivation.
V. Trade and Industry
[a] De industrialization
[b] Trade and fiscal policy
[c] Drain of Wealth
[d] Growth of modern industry
VI. Popular Resistance:
[a] Santhal uprising (185-7); Indigo rebellion (1860); Pabna agrarian
Leagues (1873); Deccan riots (1875).
[b] Uprising of 1857

ESSENTIAL READINGS

C. A. Bayly, Indian Society and the Making of the British Empire,New

Cambridge History of India.
Bipan Chandra, Rise and Growth of Economic Nationalism in India.
Suhash Chakravarty, The Raj Syndrome: A Study in ImperialPerceptions,
1989.
J.S. Grewal, The Sikhs of the Punjab, New Cambridge History ofIndia
Ranajit Guha, ed., A Subaltern Studies Reader.
Dharma Kumar and Tapan Raychaudhuri, eds., The CambridgeEconomic
History of India, Vol. II.
P.J. Marshall, Bengal: The British Bridgehead, New CambridgeHistory of
India.
R.C. Majumdar, ed., History and Culture of Indian People, Vols. IXand X.
British Paramountcy and Indian Renaissance.
Rajat K. Ray, ed., Entrepreneurship and Industry in India, 1800-1947,
Oxford In India Readings.
Eric Stokes, English Utilitarians and India.
Ram Lakhan Shukla, ed., Adhunik Bharat ka Itihas.

SUGGESTED READINGS

David Arnold and Ramchandra Guha, eds, Nature, Culture andImperialism.

 20

Amiya Bagchi, Private Investment in India.

Bipan Chandra, K.N. Panikkar, Mridula Mukherjee, Sucheta Mahajanand
Aditya Mukherjee, India’s Struggles for Independence.
A.R. Desai, Peasant Struggles in India.
R.P. Dutt, India today.
M.J. Fisher, ed., Politics of Annexation (Oxford in India Readings).
Ranajit Guha, Elementary Aspects of Peasant Insurgency in ColonialIndia
(1983).
P.C. Joshi, Rebellion 1857: A Symposium.
J.Krishnamurti, Women in Colonial India.
Dadabhai Naroji, Poverty and Un-British Rule in India.
 21

Paper XI: History of Modern Europe- I (c. 1780-1939)

I.The French Revolution and its European Repercussions:

[a] Crisis of Ancient Regime
[b] Intellectual currents.
[c] Social classes and emerging gender relations.
[d] Phases of the French Revolution 1789 - 99.
[e] Art and Culture of French Revolution.
[f] Napoleonic consolidation - reform and empire.
II. Restoration and Revolution: c. 1815 - 1848:
[a] Forces of conservatism & restoration of old hierarchies.
[b] Social, Political and intellectual currents.
[c] Revolutionary and Radical movements, 1830 - 1848.
III Capitalist Industrialization and Social and Economic Transformation (Late 18th
century to AD 1914)
[a] Process of capitalist development in industry and agriculture: case
Studies of Britain, France, the German States and Russia.
[b] Evolution and Differentiation of social classes: Bourgeoisie, Proletariat,
land owning classes and peasantry.
[c] Changing trends in demography and urban patterns.
[d] Family, gender and process of industrialization.
IV. Varieties of Nationalism and the Remaking of States in the 19th and 20th
Centuries.
[a] Intellectual currents, popular movements and the formation of National
identities in Germany, Italy, Ireland and the Balkans.
[b] Specificities of economic development, political and administrative
Reorganization - Italy; Germany.

ESSENTIAL READINGS

Gerald Brennan: The Spanish Labyrinth: An Account of the Social and

Political Background of the Civil War.
C.M. Cipolla: Fontana Economic History of Europe, Volume III: The Industrial
Revolution.
Norman Davies, Europe.
J. Evans: The Foundations of a Modern State in 19th Century Europe.
T.S. Hamerow: Restoration, Revolution and Reaction: Economicsand Politics
in Germany [1815 - 1871].
E.J. Hobsbawn: The Age of Revolution.
Lynn Hunt: Politics, Culture and Class in the French Revolution.
James Joll: Europe Since 1870.
David Landes: Prometheus Unbound.
George Lefebvre, Coming of the French Revolution.
George Lichtheim: A Short History of Socialism.
Peter Mathias: First Industrial Revolution.
Alec Nove: An Economic History of the USSR.
Andrew Porter: European Imperialism, 18760 û 1914 (1994).
Anthony Wood: History of Europe, 1815 û 1960 (1983).
Stuart Woolf: History of Italy, 1700 û 1860.
 22

SUGGESTED READINGS

G. Barrowclough, An Introduction to Contemporary History.

Fernand Braudel, History and the Social Science in M. Aymard and
H. Mukhia Ed. French Studies in History, Vol.I (1989).
Maurice Dobb: Soviet Economic Development Since 1917.
M. Perrot and G. Duby [eds.]: A History of Women in the West, Volumes 4
and 5.
H.J. Hanham; Nineteenth Century Constitution, 1815 - 1914.
E.J. Hobsbawm, Nations and Nationalism.
Charles and Barbara Jelavich: Establishment of the Balkan National States,
1840 - 1920.
James Joll, Origins of the First World war (1989).
Jaon B. Landes: Women and the Public Sphere in the Age of the French
Revolution.
David lowenthal, The Past is a Foreign Country.
Colin Licas: The French Revolution and the Making of Modern Political
Culture, Volume
Nicholas Mansergh: The Irish Question, 1840 û 1921.
K.O. Morgan: Oxford Illustrated History of Britain, Volume 3 [1789 -1983].
R.P. Morgan: German Social Democracy and the First International.
N.V. Riasanovsky: A History of Russia.
J.M. Robert, Europe 1880 û 1985.
J.J. Roth (ed.), World War I : A Turning Point in Modern History.
Albert Soboul: History of the French Revolution (in two volumes).
Lawrence Stone, History and the Social Sciences in the Twentieth Century
The Past and the Present (1981).
Dorothy Thompson: Chartists: Popular Politics in the Industrial Revolution.
E.P. Thompson: Making of the English Working Class.
Michel Vovelle: Fall of the French Monarchy (1984).
H. Seton Watson: The Russian Empire.
Raymond Williams: Culture and Society.
 23

PAPER XII: HISTORY OF INDIA VII (c. 1605 - 1750s)

I. Sources: Persian and vernacular literary cultures, histories, memoirs and

travelogues
II. Political Culture under Jahangir and Shah Jahan:
(a) Extension of Mughal rule; changes in mansab and jagir systems;
imperial culture
(b) Orthodoxy and syncretism - Naqshbandi Sufis, Miyan Mir, Dara Shukoh,
Sarmad
III. Mughal Empire under Aurangzeb:
(a) State and religion under Aurangzeb; issues in the war of succession;
policies regarding Religious groups and institutions
(b) Conquests and limits of expansion
(c) Beginning of the crisis: contemporary perceptions; agrarian andjagir
crises; revolts
IV. Visual Culture: Paintings and Architecture
V. Patterns of Regional Politics:
(a) Rajput political culture and state formation
(b) Deccan kingdoms; emergence of the Marathas; Shiva; expansion
under the Peshwas
(c) Mughal decline; emergence of successor states
(d) Interpreting eighteenth century India: recent debates
VI. Trade and Commerce:
(a) Crafts and technologies; Monetary system
(b) Markets; transportation; urban centres
(c) Indian Ocean trade network

ESSENTIAL READINGS

M. Athar Ali, The Mughal Nobility under Aurangzeb.

Muzaffar Alam and Sanjay Subramanian, eds, The Mughal State,1526 - 1750.
J.F. Richards, The Mughal Empire.
Satish Chandra, Essays on Medieval Indian History.
Irfan Habib, Agrarian System of Mughal India, 1526 û 1707.
Ashin Dasgupta, Indian Merchants and the Decline of Surat, 1700 -1750.
Stewart Gordon, The Marathas 1600 - 1818.
Ebba Koch, Mughal Art and Imperial Ideology.
S.A.A. Rizvi, Muslim Revivalist Movements in Northern India.
K. R. Qanungo, Dara Shikoh.

SUGGESTED READINGS

S. Nurul Hasan, Religion, State, and Society in Medieval India.

S. Arsaratnam, Maritime India in the Seventeenth Century.
Muzaffar Alam, The Crisis of Empire in Mughal North India.
Catherine Asher, Architecture of Mughal India.
Milo Beach, Mughal and Rajput Paintings.
Satish Chandra, Parties and Politics at the Mughal Court.
Andre Wink, Land and Sovereignty in India.
Harbans Mukhia, The Mughals of India.
 24

J.F. Richards, Mughal Administration in Golconda.

Z.U. Malik, The Reign of Muhammad Shah.
Iqbal Husain, Ruhela Cheiftancies in 18th Century India.
 25

PAPER XIII : HISTORY OF INDIA VIII (c. 1857 - 1950)

I. Cultures changes and Social and Religious Reform Movements:

[a] The advent of printing and its implications
[b] Reform and Revival: Brahmo Samaj, Prarthna Samaj, andRamakrishna
and Vivekananda, Arya Samaj, Wahabi, Deoband,Aligarh and Singh Sabha
Movements.
[c] Debates around gender
[d] Making of religious and linguistic identities
[e] Caste: sanskritising and anti Brahminical trends
II. Nationalism: Trends up to 1919:
[a] Political ideology and organizations, formation of INC
[b] Moderates and extremists.
[c] Swedish movement
[d] Revolutionaries
III. Gandhian nationalism after 1919: Ideas and Movements:
[a] Mahatma Gandhi: his Perspectives and Methods
[b] (i) Impact of the First World War
(ii) Rowlett Satyagraha and Jallianwala Bagh
(iii) Non- Cooperative and Civil Disobedience
(iv) Provincial Autonomy, Quit India and INA
[c] Left wing movements
[d] Princely India: States people movements
[e] Nationalism and Culture: literature and art
IV. Nationalism and Social Groups: Interfaces:
[a] Landlords, Professionals and Middle Classes
[b] Peasants
[c] Tribal
[d] Labour
[e] Dalits
[f] Women
[g] Business groups
V. Communalism: Ideologies and practices, RSS, Hindu MahaSabha, Muslim
League.
VI. Independence and Partition
[a] Negotiations for independence, and partition
[b] Popular movements
[c] Partition riots
VII. Emergence of a New State:
[a] Making of the Constitution
[b] Integration of princely states
[c] Land reform and beginnings of planning

ESSENTIAL READINGS

Judith Brown, Gandhi’s rise to Power, 1915-22.

Paul Brass, The Politics of India Since Independence, OUP, 1990.
Bipan Chandra, Nationalism and Colonialism in Modern India, 1979.
Bipan Chandra, Rise and Growth of Economic Nationalism in India.
 26

Mohandas K. Gandhi, An Autobiography or The Story of MyExperiments with

Truth.
Ranajit Guha, ed., A Subaltern Studies Reader.
Peter Hardy, Muslims of British India.
Mushirul Hasan, ed., India’s Partition, Oxford in India Readings.
D.A. Low, ed., Congress and the Raj.
John R. McLane, Indian Nationalism and the Early Congress.
Jawaharlal Nehru, An Autobiography.
Gyanendra Pandey, The Construction of Communalism in colonialnorth India.
Sumit Sarkar, Modern India, 1885-1947.
Anil Seal, Emergence of Indian Nationalism.
Ram Lakhan Shukla (ed.), Adhunik Bharat ka Itihas.
Eleanor Zelliot, From Untouchable to Dalit: Essays on the
AmbedkarMovement.

SUGGESTED READINGS

Judith Brown, Gandhi: (et al) A Prisoner of Hope.

Bipan Chandra: Communalism in Modern India, 2nd ed., 1987.
Bipan Chandra: K.N. Panikkar, Mridula Mukherjee, Sucheta Mahajanand
Aditya Mukherjee: India’s, Struggles for Independence.
A.R. Desai: Social Background of Indian Nationalism.
A.R. Desa: Peasant Struggles in India.
Francine Frankel: India’s Political Economy, 1947-77.
Ranajit Guha: and G.C. Spivak, eds. Select Subaltern Studies.
Charles Heimsath: Indian Nationalism and Hindu Social Reform.
F. Hutchins: Illusion of Permanence.
F. Hutchins: Spontaneous Revolution.
V.C. Joshi (ed.), Rammohan Roy and the process of Modernizationin India.
J.Krishnamurti, Women in Colonial India.
 27

PAPER XIV: HISTORY OF MODERN EUROPE II (c. 1780 -1939)

I. Liberal Democracy, Working Class Movements and

Socialism in the 19th and 20th Centuries:
[a] The struggle for parliamentary democracy and civil liberties in Britain.
[b] Forms of protest during early capitalism: food riots in France and
England: Luddites and Chartism.
[c] Early socialist thought; Marxian Socialism - the First and the Second
International.
[d] German Social Democracy, Politics and Culture.
[e] Christian Democracy as a political and ideological force in western and
central Europe
II. The Crisis of Feudalism in Russia and Experiments in Socialism:
[a] Emancipation of serfs.
[b] Russian Populism and Social Democracy.
[c] Revolutions of 1905; the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917.
[d] Programme of Socialist Construction.
III. Imperialism, War, and Crisis: c. 1880 -1939:
[a] Theories and mechanisms of imperialism; growth of Militarism; Power
blocks and alliances: expansion of European empires - War of 1914 - 1918
[b] The post 1919 World Order: economic crises, the Great Depression and
Recovery.
[c] Fascism and Nazism.
[d] The Spanish Civil War.
[e] Origins of the Second World War.
IV. Cultural and Intellectual Developments since circa 1850:
[a] Changing contexts: [i] Notions of Culture [ii] Creation of a New public
sphere and mass media [iii] Mass education and extension of literacy.
[b] Creation of new cultural forms: from Romanticism to Abstract Art.
[c] Major intellectual trends:
[i] Institutionalization of disciplines History, Sociology and Anthropology.
[ii] Darwin and Freud.
[d] Culture and the making of ideologies: Constructions of Race, Class and
Gender, Ideologies of Empire.

ESSENTIAL READINGS

Gerald Brennan: The Spanish Labyrinth: An Account of the Social

and Political Background of the Civil War
C.M. Cipolla: Fontana Economic History of Europe, Volume II the Present
(1981).I : The Industrial Revolution.
Norman Davies: Europe.
J. Evans: The Foundations of a Modern State in 19th Century Europe.
T.S. Hamerow: Restoration, Revolution and Reaction: Economics and Politics
in Germany [1815 - 1871].
E.J. Hobsbawn: The Age of Revolution.
Lynn Hunt: Politics, Culture and Class in the French Revolution.
James Joll: Europe Since 1870.
David Landes: Prometheus Unbound.
 28

George Lefebvre: Coming of the French Revolution.

George Lichtheim: A Short History of Socialism.
Peter Mathias: First Industrial Revolution.
Alec Nove: An Economic History of the USSR.
Andrew Porter, European Imperialism, 18760 -1914 (1994).
Antbony Wood, History of Europe, 1815 û 1960 (1983).
Stuart Woolf: History of Italy, 1700 - 1860.

SUGGESTED READINGS

G. Barrowclough: An Introduction to Contemporary History.

Fernand Braudel: History and the Social Science in M. Aymard and
H. Mukhia (eds.): French Studies in History, Vol. I (1989).
Maurice Dobb: Soviet Economic Development Since 1917.
M. Perrot and G. Duby [eds.]: A History of Women in the West,Volumes 4
and 5.
H.J. Hanham; Nineteenth Century Constitution, 1815 û 1914.
E.J. Hobsbawm, Nations and Nationalism.
Charles and Barbara Jelavich: Establishment of the Balkan National States,
1840 - 1920.
James Joll, Origins of the First World war (1989).
Jaon B. Landes: Women and the Public Sphere in the Age of the French
Revolution.
David lowenthal, The Past is a Foreign Country.
Colin Licas: The French Revolution and the Making of Modern Political
Culture, Volume 2.
Nicholas Mansergh: The Irish Question, 1840 - 1921.
K.O. Morgan: Oxford Illustrated History of Britain, Volume 3 [1789 -1983].
R.P. Morgan: German Social Democracy and the First International.
N.V. Riasanovsky: A History of Russia.
J.M. Robert, Europe 1880 - 1985.
J.J. Roth (ed.), World War I: A Turning Point in Modern History.
Albert Soboul: History of the French Revolution (in two volumes).
Lawrence Stone: History and the Social Sciences in the Twentieth Century,
The Past and the Present (1981).
Dorothy Thompson: Chartists: Popular Politics in the Industrial Revolution.
E.P. Thompson: Making of the English Working Class.
Michel Vovelle: fall of the French Monarchy (1984).
H. Seton Watson: The Russian Empire.
Raymond Williams: Culture and Society.
 29

Discipline Specific Elective (Any Four)

PAPER 1
HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA-1 (c.1776-1945)

I The Background:
The land and indigenous people: settlement and colonization by Europeans;
early colonial society and politics; indentured labour-White and Black
II Making of the Republic:
[a] Revolution Sources of conflict: Revolutionary groups, Ideology: The War
of Independence and its historical interpretations
[b] Processes and Features of Constitution making: Debates, Historical
interpretations.
III Evolution of American Democracy:
[a] Federalists: Jeffersonianism: Jacksonianism, Rise of politicalparties-
18401960; judiciary-role of the Supreme Court
[b] Expansion of Frontier: Turner’s Thesis; Marginalization, displacement and
decimation of native Americans; Case histories of Tecumseh; Shawnee
Prophet.
[c] Limits of democracy: Blacks and women.
IV Early Capitalism:
[a] Beginnings of Industrialization.
[b] Immigrants and changing composition of Labour; Early Labour
Movements.
V The Agrarian South:
[a] Plantation economy.
[b] Slave Society and Culture: Slave resistance.
VI Ante Bellum Foreign Policy:
War of 1812: Monroe Doctrine: Manifest Destiny.
VII Civil War:
[a] Abolitionism and Sectionalism.
[b] Issues and interpretations, and
[c] Rise of Republicanism, Emancipation and Lincoln

ESSENTIAL READINGS

Bernard Bailyn, The Great Republic.

Bernard Bailyn, The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution.
Charles Beard, An Economic Interpretation of the American Constitution.
Dee Brown, Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee, An Indian History of the
American West.
Peter Carroll and David Noble, Free and Unfree: A New History of the United
States.
David B. Davis, The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Revolution.
U. Faulkner, American Economic History.
Robert Fogel, Railroads and American Economic Growth.
Eric Foner, America’s Black Past.
John Hope Franklin, From Slavery to Freedom.
Gerald N. Grobb and George A. Billias, Interpretations of American History:
Patterns and Perspectives, 2 Vols.
 30

Richard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform, From Bryan to FDR

Linda Kerber, Women’s America: Refocusing the Past.
David M. Potter, The Impending Crisis.
W. Pratt, A History of the United states Foreign Policy.
James Randail, The Civil War and Reconstruction.
J. G. Randall and David Donald, The Civil War and Reconstruction.
Kenneth Stampp, The Peculiar Institution, Slavery in the Antebellum South.
Federick Jackson Turner, The Frontier in American History.
Robert Wiebe, The Search for Order.

SUGGESTED READINGS

Lee Benson, The Concept of Jackson Democracy.

Ray A. Billington, Westward Expansion.
Paul Boyer, Harvard Sitkoff, Nancy Woloch, The Enduring Vision: A History of
the American People, Vols. Land 2.
Thomas Cochran, The Inner Revolution.
A. O. Craven, The Growth of Southern Nationalism, 1848 - 1861.
Lance E. Davis (ed.), American Economic Growth.
Carl N. Degler, At Odds: Women and Family in America from the Revolution
to the Present.
Fogel and Engerman: Time on the Cross.
Lewis L. Gould (ed.), The Progressive Era.
John D. Hicks, The Federal Union: A History of USA Since 1865.
R.P. Kaushik, Significant Themes in American History.
David M. Kennedy, Thomas Bailey and Mel Piehl, The Brief American
Pageant.
Irving Kristol, Gordon Wood and others, America’s Continuing Revolution.
Richard W. Leopold, The Growth of American Foreign Policy.
Perry Miller, From Colony to Province.
Gary Nash (ed.), Retracing the Past.
Henry Pelling, American Labor.
Edward Pessen, Jacksonian Panorama.
Charles Sellers, Henry May and Neil McMillen, A Synopsis of American
History; 2 Vols.
Donald Shihan, The Making of American History: The Emergence of the
Nation, Vols. II & I.
Dwijendra Tripathi and S.C. Tiwari, Themes and Perspectives in American
History.
James Weinstein, The Corporate Ideal in the Liberal state.
 31

PAPER 2:
HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA-II (c.1776-1945)

I Reconstructions: Political changes and agrarian transformation:

[a] Conservative and Radical phases.
[b] The New South: Participants and Reactions, Carpetbaggers; Scalawags,
Blacks, Ku Klux Klan.
II Industrial America:
[a] Growth of Capitalism and Big Business.
[b] Business cycles; Depression.
III Resistance and Reform:
[a] Labour movements and Unionization.
[b] Agrarian crises and populism. Urban corruption and progressivism.
[c] New Deal.
IV U.S. Imperialism:
[a] Spanish-American War
[b] Expansion in the Far East and Latin America
[c] World War I and Fourteen Points
[d] Isolationism
[e] Americans in World War II: Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
V Afro-American Movements:
Black Movements: Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Dubois; NAACP and Marcus
Garvey.
VI Women’s Movements:
[a] Rise of the Lowell Factory System
[b] Abolitionists and Women’s rights movement
[c] Suffrage
[d] Afro-American Women
VII Religious, Cultural and Intellectual Trends:
[a] Religious movements; Early Revivalism; Puritans, Quakers; Mormons;
Temperance.
[b] Mass culture (circa 1900 - 1945)
[c] Major literary trends (circa 1900 - 1945).
 32

PAPER 3: HISTORY OF THE USSR-I (c. 1917-64)

I. The Russia Revolutions of February and October 1917: Dual

Power, Provisional government; the establishment of soviet Power;
Nationalities question.
II. Civil War and War Communism 1918-1921: The first eight
months; Red and White Economic Policies.
III. The New Economic Policy: Political Debates; trade unions; gender
relations; Foreign Policy; the Comintern; formation of the
USSR.
IV. The Great Debate of Soviet Industrialization.
V. Collectivization of Soviet Agriculture.

ESSENTIAL READINGS

E.H. Carr: A History of Soviet Russia, 4 Volumes (1952).

Stephen F. Cohen: Bukharin and the Bolshevik Revolution: A Political
Biography, 1888 - 1938 (1973).
Isaac Deutscher: Stalin (1949).
Maurice Dobb: Soviet Economic Development since 1917 (1972).
Marc Ferro: The Russian Revolution of February 1917 (1972).
Sheila Fitzpatrick: Cultural Revolution in Soviet Russia (1978).
Arch Getty: The Origins of the Great Purges (1985).
Graeme Gill: Peasants and Government in the Russian Revolution (1979).
John Keep: The Last of the Empires : A History of the Soviet Union, 1945 û
1991 (1995).
John Keep: The Russian Revolution: A Study in Mass Mobilization (1976).
A. Kollontai: Selected Writings.
Moshe Levin: The Making of the Soviet System (1985).
Roy & Zhores Medvedev: Khrushchev: The Years in Power (1977).
Alec Nove: An Economic History of the USSR (1993).
Richard Pipes: Russia of the Old Regime.
L.Szamuely: First Models of Socialist Economic Systems.
Trotsky: The History of the Russian Revolution (translated by Max Eastman)
(1959).
A.B. Ulam: Expansion and Coexistence: A History of Soviet Foreign Policy,
1917 û 67 (1968).
K. Vaidyanathan: The Formation of the Soviet Control Asian Nationalities.
 33

PAPER 4- HISTORY OF THE USSR II (c. 1917-1964)

I. Planned Industrialization 1928-41.

II. Political, Social and Cultural Changes 1928-45:
Demography, Working Class and gender relations
III. Soviet History: 1945-56 Industrial and Agricultural reconstruction; Moves
towards Market Socialism.
IV. The Khrushchev Era: Desalinization; industrial and agricultural Policies.
V. Soviet Foreign Policy, Cominterns and the Second World War 1929-45.

ESSENTIAL READINGS

E.H. Carr: A History of Soviet Russia, 4 Volumes (1952).

Stephen F. Cohen: Bukharin and the Bolshevik Revolution: A Political
Biography, 1888 û1938 (1973).
Isaac Deutscher: Stalin (1949).
Maurice Dobb: Soviet Economic Development Since 1917 (1972).
Marc Ferro: The Russian Revolution of February 1917 (1972).
Sheila Fitzpatrick: Cultural Revolution in Soviet Russia (1978).
Arch Getty: The Origins of the Great Purges (1985).
Graeme Gill: Peasants and Government in the Russian Revolution(1979).
John Keep: The Last of the Empires: A History of the Soviet Union,1945 -
1991 (1995).
John Keep: The Russian Revolution: A Study in Mass Mobilization(1976).
A. Kollontai: Selected Writings.
Moshe Levin: The Making of the Soviet System (1985).
Roy & Zhores Medvedev: Khrushchev: The Years in Power (1977).
Alec Nove: An Economic History of the USSR (1993).
Richard Pipes: Russia of the Old Regime.
L.Szamuely: First Models of Socialist Economic Systems.
Trotsky: The History of the Russian Revolution (translated by Max Eastman)
(1959).
A.B. Ulam: Expansion and Coexistence: A History of Soviet Foreign Policy,
1917 - 67 (1968).
K. Vaidyanathan: The Formation of the Soviet Control Asian Nationalities.
 34

PAPER 5 : HISTORY OF AFRICA (c1500-1960s)

I. Main Issues in the Historiography of Africa.

II. Commerce and Migration, c. 1500-1900:
[a] Changing patterns of trade.
[b] The trans- Atlantic slave trade and its repercussions.
[c] Migration of capital and labour, with special reference to southern Africa.
III. Patterns of Colonization:
[a] Informal empire in the 19th century.
[b] European imperialism and the partition of Africa.
IV. Structures of Colonial Control:
[a] The French in the Maghreb and West Africa.
[b] The British in East, West and Southern Africa.
[c] The Belgians in Congo.
V. Economic Transformations:
[a] Agriculture and forests.
[b] Mining.
VI. Emergence of New Identities:
[a] Islam, Christianity and indigenous religious.
[b] Race and class in colonial South Africa.
[c] Language, education and cultural forms.
VII. Popular Protests, Rebellions and National Liberation
Movements:
[a] Peasants.
[b] Labour.
[c] Nationalist movements in Algeria, China, Kenya, Congo, Angola
And South Africa.

ESSENTIAL READINGS

F. Ade Ajayi (ed.), UNESCO General History of Africa, Vol. VI(1989), relevant
sections only.
Ralph Austen, African Economic History.
Leslie Bethell (ed.), Cambridge History of Latin America, 10 Vols.(198 û 95),
relevantChapters.
A.A. Boahen (ed.), UNESCO General History of Africa, Vol. VII(1985),
relevant sections only.
Michael Crowder (ed.), Cambridge History of Africa, Vol. VIII (1984)
Basil Davidson, Africa in Modern History (1978)
E. Flint (ed.), Cambridge History of Africa, Vol. V (1976), relevant sections
only.
Charles Gibson Frank, Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America
(1969).
Andre Gunder Frank, Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America
(1969).
A.G. Hopkins, An Economic History of West Africa.
A. Mazrui (ed.), UNESCO General History of Africa Vol. VIII (1993),relevant
sections only.
 35

Rodolfo Stavenhagen, Agrarian Problems and Peasant Movements in Latin

America(1970).
Bob Sutcliffe and Roger Owen (eds.), Studies in the Theory of Imperialism
(1972).
Rene Tana and Nicolas Spaddacini (ed.), Amerindian Images and the Legacy
of Columbus(1992).
A.J. Temu and B.Swai (eds.), Historians and Africanist History: A Critique
(1981).
Jan Vansina, Paths in the Rainforest û Toward a History of Political Tradition
in Equatorial Africa (1990).
Nathan Wachtel, The Vision of the Vanquished: The Spanish Conquest of
Peru through Indian Eyes (1977).
John Womack, Zapata and the Mexican Revolution (1972).

SUGGESTED READINGS

Martinez Alier, Haciendas, Plantations and Collective Farms (1977).

Hugo Blanco, Land or Death: The Peasant Struggles in Peru (1972).
Donald Crummy (ed.), Banditry, Rebellion and Social Protest in Africa(1986).
Johannes Fabian, Language and Colonial Power: The Appropriation of Swahili
in the Former Belgian Congo, 1880 - 1938 (1989).
Nancy Fariss, Maya Society under Colonial Rule (1984).
Bill Freund, The Making of Contemporary Africa (1984).
Bill Freund, The African Worker (1989).
Celso Furtado, The Economic Development of Latin America (1973).
Andre Gunder Frank, Lumpen Bourgeoisie, Lumpen Development(1972).
Karen Spalding Huarachiri, An Andean Society under Inca and
Spanish Rule (1984).
Gerrit Huizer, Peasant Rebellion in Latin America (1973).
Hill (ed.), Rethinking History and Myth : Indigenous South American
Perspectives on the Past (1998).
Bernard Magubane, Political Economy of Race and Class in SouthAfrica
(1979).
A.D. Robert (ed.), Cambridge History of Africa, Vol. VII (1986).
Teodor Shanin, Peasants and Peasant Societies, (2nd ed., 1987),relevant
sections only.
Endre Sik, The History of Black Africa, 2 Vols. (1966), relevant sections only.
Oliver and G.N. Sanderson (ed.), Cambridge History of Africa, Vol.VI (1985),
relevant sections only.
Paul Sweezy and Harry Magdoff , Revolutions and Counter Revolution in Chile
(1974).
E.F. Penrose (ed.), European Imperialism and the Partition of Africa(1975).
Michacl T. Taussig, The Devil and Commodity Fetishism in South America
(1980).
Robert Vicar Turrel, Capital and Labour on the Kimberley Diamond Fields,
1871 – 90(1989).
Megan Vaughan, The Story of an African Famine: Gender and Famine in
Twentieth Century Malawi (1989).
Eric van Young, Hacienda and Markets in 18th Century Mexico: The Rural
Economy of the Guadalajara Region, 1675 - 1820 (1981).
 36

PAPER 6 : HISTORY OF LATIN AMERICA (c. 1500-1960s)

I. Conquest of America and its Repercussions, with special reference to Mexico

and Peru.
II. Economic Transformations:
[a] Mining.
[b] Trade.
[c] Agriculture and forests.
III. Social Transformation:
[a] Decimation of indigenous peoples.
[b] Demographic changes.
[c] Emergence of new social classes.
IV. Transformations:
[a] Christianity and indigenous religions.
[b] Mestizo cultures.
[c] Language and education.
V. Bolivar’s Vision and the Emergence of New States in the first half of the 19th
Century.
VI. Protests and Rebellions:
[a] Peasants.
[b] Labour.
[c] Indigenous communities.
VII. Assertion of the U.S. Hegemony in the Twentieth Century.

ESSENTIAL READINGS

F. Ade Ajayi (ed.), UNESCO General History of Africa, Vol. VI, 1989,relevant
sections only.
Ralph Austen, African Economic History.
Leslie Bethell, ed., Cambridge History of Latin America,10Vols.1984-95,
relevant chapters.
A.A. Boahen, ed., Cambridge History of Latin America, 10 Vol. VII,1985,
relevant sections only.
Michael Crowder, ed., Cambridge History of Africa, Vol. VIII, 1984
Basil Davidson, Africa in Modern History (1978)
E. Flint (ed.), Cambridge History of Africa, Vol. V,1976, relevant sections
only.
Charles Gibson, The Aztecs under Spanish Rule, 1964.
Andre Gunder Frank, Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America,
1969.
A.G. Hopkins, An Economic History of West Africa.
A. Mazrui (ed.), UNESCO General History of Africa, Vol. VIII, 1993,relevant
sections only.
Rudolfo Stavenhagen, Agrarian Problems and Peasant Movements in Latin
America, 1970.
Bob Sutcliffe and Roger Owen, eds., Studies in the Theory of Imperialism,
1972.
 37

Rene Tana and Nicolas Spadacini, ed., Amerindian Images and the Legacy of
Columbus (1992).
A.J. Temu and B. Swai, eds., Historians and Africanist History: A Critique,
1981.
Jan Vansina, Paths in the Rainforest û Toward a History of Political Tradition
in Equatorial Africa, 1990.
Nathan Wachtel, The Vision of the Vanquished: The Spanish Conquest of
Peru through Indian Eyes, 1977.
John Womack, Zapata and the Mexican Revolution, 1972.

SUGGESTED READINGS

Martinez Alier, Haciendas, Plantations and Collective Farms (1977).

Hugo Blanco, Land or Death: The Peasant Struggles in Peru (1972).
Donald Crummy (ed.), Banditry, Rebellion and Social Protest in Africa
(1986).
Johannes Fabian, Language and Colonial Power: The Appropriation of Swahili
in the Former Belgian Congo, 1880 û 1938 (1989).
Nancy Fariss, Maya Society under Colonial Rule (1984).
Bill Freund, The Making of Contemporary Africa (1984).
Bill Freund, The African Worker (1989).
Celso Furtado, The Economic Development of Latin America (1973).
Andre Gunder Frank, Lumpen Bourgeoisie, Lumpen Development(1972).
Karen Spalding Huarachiri, An Andean Society under Inca and Spanish Rule
(1984).
Gerrit Huizer, Peasant Rebellion in Latin America (1973).
Hill (ed.), Rethinking History and Myth: Indigenous South American
Perspectives on the Past (1998).
Bernard Magubane, Political Economy of Race and Class in South Africa
(1979).
A.D. Robert (ed.), Cambridge History of Africa, Vol. VII (1986).
Teodor Shanin, Peasants and Peasant Societies, (2nd ed., 1987),relevant
sections only.
Endre Sik, The History of Black Africa, 2 Vols. (1966), relevant sections only.
Oliver and G.N. Sanderson (ed.), Cambridge History of Africa, Vol.VI (1985),
relevant sections only.
Paul Sweezy and Harry Magdoff, Revolutions and Counter Revolution in Chile
(1974).
E.F. Penrose (ed.), European Imperialism and the Partition of Africa(1975).
Michacl T. Taussig, The Devil and Commodity Fetishism in South America
(1980).
Robert Vicar Turrel, Capital and Labour on the Kimberley Diamond Fields,
1871 û 90(1989).
Megan Vaughan, The Story of an African Famine: Gender and Famine in
Twentieth Century Malawi (1989).
Eric van Young, Hacienda and Markets in 18th Century Mexico: The Rural
Economy of the Guadalajara Region, 1675 - 1820 (1981).
 38

PAPER 7: HISTORY OF SOUTHEAST ASIA -THE 19th CENTURY

I. Pre-Colonial Structures of Power and authority c. 1800.

II. Economy and Society in early 19th c.
[a] Patterns of Production in agriculture and the crafts.
[b] Organization of trade and banking.
[c] Cultural expressions: Folk and Classical.
[d] Islam and popular culture.
III. Colonization and Colonial Transformations:
[a] Processes of colonial control and the Informal Empire in Thailand.
[b] Peasant society and agrarian transformations, plantations, forests,
mining.
[c] Urbanization: Colonial cities in Plural Societies.
[d] Culture: (i) Colonial Discourses and the Creation of National Culture.
(ii) Oral traditions, literacy and the case of Malay Hikayats.
(iii) Creation of Perfect Natives.
(iv) Education.

ESSENTIAL READING

B. Anderson: Imagined Communities.

H. Benda: The Crescent and the Rising Sun.
Furnivall: Colonialism and the Plural Society.
G. Hart, ed., Agrarian Transformations: Local Processes and the State in
South-east Asia.
J. Kemp, ed., Peasants and Cities, Cities and Peasants: Rethinking
Southeast. Asian Models.
Milton Osborne, South East Asia: An Introductory History.
Nicholas Tarling, ed., Cambridge History of South-east Asia, Vol.II

SUGGESTED READINGS

B. Anderson: Mythology and the Tolerance of the Javanese.

C. Van Dijk, Trousers, Sarongs and Jubbahs.
C. Dobbin, Islamic Revivalism in a Changes Peasant Economy(1784-1847).
Charles F. Keys, The Golden Peninsula.
Daniel S. Lev and Ruth T. McVey, eds., Making Indonesia û Essays on Modern
Indonesia.
Victor Purcell, The Chinese in Southeast Asia.
Tongchai Winichakul; Siam Mapped.
 39

PAPER 8 : HISTORY OF SOUTHEAST ASIA - THE 20th CENTURY

I. Migration: Indian and Chinese Labour and Capital

II. Movements of Resistance and the making of new identities
[a] Peasant resistance.
[b] Radicalism and the Origins of the Vietnamese Revolution, 1920-
1946.
[c] Indonesian Revolution, 1945-1949.
III. Emergence of Modern Nations and States
[a] The Union of Burma (Myanmar), 1948-1962.
[b] Indonesia, the Sukarno Era, 1949-1965.
[c] Cambodia under Norodom Sihanouk, 1955-1970.

ESSENTIAL READING Asian Models.

B. Anderson, Imagined Communities.

H. Benda, The Crescent and the Rising Sun.
Furnivall, Colonialism and the Plural Society.
G. Hart, ed., Agrarian Transformations: Local Processes and the State in
South-east Asia.
J. Kemp ed., Peasants and Cities, Cities and Peasants: Rethinking Southeast.
Asian Models.
Milton Osborne, South East Asia: An Introductory History.
Nicholas Tarling, ed., Cambridge History of South-east Asia, Vol. II

SUGGESTED READINGS

B. Anderson, Mythology and the Tolerance of the Javanese.

C. Van Dijk, Trousers, Sarongs and Jubbahs.
C. Dobbin, Islamic Revivalism in a Changes Peasant Economy,1784-1847.
Charles F. Keys: The Golden Peninsula.
Daniel S. Lev and Ruth T. McVey eds., Making Indonesia û Essays on Modern
Indonesia.
Victor Purcell, The Chinese in Southeast Asia.
Tongchai Winichakul; Siam Mapped.
 40

PAPER IX : HISTORY OF MODERN EAST ASIA- I (c. 1840-1949)

I. Imperialism and China during the 19th century

(a) Chinese feudalism: Gentry, bureaucracy and peasantry; the Confucian
value system; Sinocentrism; the Canton commercial system.
(b) The transformation of China into an informal colony; the Opium Wars;
the Unequal Treaties; the scramble for concessions; Finance Imperialism; the
Open Door policy.
(c) Agrarian and Popular Movements: Taiping and Yi Ho Tuan.
(d) Attempts at Self-Strengthening (Tzu-chiang): Reforms of 1860-95; 1898;
and 1901-08.
ii. The Emergence of Nationalism in China
(a) The Revolution of 1911: Causes, nature and significance; the social
composition of the Revolution; Sun Yat-sen and his contribution; the
formation of the Republic; Yuan Shih Kai; Warlordism.
(b) May Fourth Movement of 1919: Nature and significance

II.History of China {Cc199-1949}

(i) Nationalism &Communism in China (1921-1937)

(a) Formation of CCP; and the Guomintang (National Party of KMT)
(b) The First United Front
(ii) The Communist Movement (1938-1949)
(i)The Jiangxi Period and the rise of Mao Tse Tung

ESSENTIAL READINGS

George Allen, A Short Economic History of Japan.

Jean Chesneaux, et al, China from Opium War to 1911 Revolution.
Jean Chesneaux, et al, China from the 1911 Revolution to Liberation.
Tan Chung, Triton and Dragon: Studies on the Nineteenth Century China and
Imperialisms.
John K. Fairbank, et al., and East Asia: Modern Transformation
Y. Immanuel Hsu, The Rise of Modern China.
Chalmers A Johnson, Peasant Nationalism and Communist Power: The
Emergence of Red China, 1937 - 1945.
Nathaniel Peffer, The Far East: A Modern History.
Victor Purcell, The Boxer Uprising: A Background Study.
Kenneth B. Pyle, The Making of Modern Japan.
Franz Schuramann and Orville Schell (eds.), China Readings, 2 Volumes
(Imperial China, and Republican China).
Benjamin I. Schwartz, Mao and the Rise of Chinese Communism.
Hu Sheng, Imperialism and Chinese Politics.
Chow Tse tung, The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in
Modern, China.
Mao Tse tung’s Selected Writings, National Book Agency, Calcutta.
Mary C. Wright, China in Revolution: The First Phase, 1900 -1913.
 41

SUGGESTED READINGS

George M. Beckmann, Modernization of China and Japan.

George M. Beckmann, The Making of the Meiji Constitution.
Lucien Bianco, Origins of the Chinese Revolution, 1915 -1949.
Jean Chesneaux, Peasant Revolts in China, 1840 û 1949.
Tan Chung, China and the Brave New World: A Study of the Origins of the
Opium War, 1840 - 42.
Wolfgang Franke, A Century of Chinese Revolution.
John W. Hall, Japan From Prehistory to Modern Times.
History of Modern China Series: The Opium War, The Taiping Revolution, The
Reform Movement (1898).
M.B. Jansen, Japan and China: From War to Peace, 1894 û 1972.
Franz Michael, The Taiping Rebellion.
Harold Z. Schifrin, Sun Yat-Sen and the Origin of the Chinese Revolution.
Ssu Yu-teng and john K. Fairbank, China’s Response to the West.
The Yi Ho Tuan Movement, The Revolution of 1911 (all published by Foreign
Language Press, Beijing).
 42

PAPER X : HISTORY OF MODERN EAST ASIA- II (c. 1868-1945)

I. Japan (c.1868-1945)
(i) Transition from feudalism to capitalism:
(a) Crisis of Tokugawa Bakuhan system
(b) Meiji Restoration :Its nature and Significance
(c) Political Reorganization
(d) Military Reforms
(e) Social, cultural and educational reforms (bunmeikaika)
(f) Financial reforms and educational development in the‘Meiji’era
(G) Meiji Constitution

(ii) Japanese Imperialism

(a) China
(b)Manchuria
(c) Korea
(iii) Democracy and Militarism/Fascism
(a) Popular/People’ s Rights Movement
(b) Nature of political parties
(c) Rise of Militarism-Nature and significance
(d) Second World War; American occupation
(e) Post-War Changes

II Emergence of Modern Korea

(a) The old order and Institutional Decay: Joseon Korea
(b) Korea’s interactions with the western powers and Korea’s unequal
treaties with Japan
(c) Attempts at social, political and economic reforms in Korea
(d) Japan’s colonization: March First Movement and the growth of Korean
nationalism; in situational transformation 1910-1945
(e) Post-War Changes

ESSENTIAL READINGS

George Allen, A Short Economic History of Japan.

G. Beasley, The Modern History of Japan.
John K. Fairbank, et al., East Asia: Modern Transformation
Mikiso Hane, Modern Japan: A Historical Survey.
Y. Immanuel Hsu, The Rise of Modern China.
Jon Livingstone, et. al., The Japan Reader ( Imperial Japan : 1800 û1945),
Vol. I
E.H. Norman, Japan’s Emergence as a Modern State.
Nathaniel Peffer, The Far East: A Modern History.
Kenneth B. Pyle, The Making of Modern Japan.
Chow Tse Tung, The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in
Modern, China. 1913.
Michael J. Seth, A concise history of Modern Korea, Rowman
andLittlefield,2009
 43

SUGGESTED READINGS

Nathaniel Peffer, The Far East: A Modern History. Ann Arbor: University of
Michigan Press, 1958.
Bruce Cummings, Korea’s place in the Sun: Modern History, W.W.Norten and
Co., 1992
Ramon H. Mayers and Mark R. Peattie(ed), The Japanese Colonial Empire,
1895-1945,Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984
 44

PAPER XI: HISTORY OF MODERN BENGAL –I (19th Century)

Unit I: Pre-colonial Bengal, Sources of 19th century Bengal and their

importance.
Unit II: Advent of Colonial power and introduction of Colonial Economy,
Administration and Politics, Urbanization
Unit III: Emergence of Modern Bengal: Western Education & Thought;
Bengali Response; Bengal Renaissance Debate & Historiography; Orientalism,
Evangelicalism
Unit IV: Response & Reaction- Social, Political, Cultural. Press and Literature;
Bengali Drama & Theatre, Art-Painting, Religion: Orthodox Hinduism,
Brahmo Movement, Neo-Hindu Movement

Suggested Reading:
R. C. Majumdar, History of Bengal Vol.3,4
J.N.Sarkar , History of Bengal
Amalendu De,Roots of Separatism in 19th C, Bengal
S. P. Sen (ed.), Modern Bengal – A Socio Economic Survey
Europe Reconsidered - Tapan Roy Choudhury
N. K. Sinha The Economic History of Bengal 3Vols.
N. K. Sinha(ed.), History of Bengal 1757—1905
Amalendu De ,Bangali Buddhijibi O Bichchhinnatabad
Chittabrata Palit ,Perspectives of Agrarian Bengal
K. K. Datta,Dawn of Renascent India
Nemai Sadhan Bose, Indian Renaissance and Bengal
Sumit Sarkar , Writing Social History
Amitabha Mukherjee, Reform and Regeneration in Bengal
S. P. Sen (ed.), Social and Religious Reform Movement in the 19th & 20th
centuries
David Kopf,British Orientalism & the Bengal Renaissance
R.C.Majumdar ,Glimpses of Bengal in the Nineteenth Century
S.C.Sarkar, Bengal Renaissance & other Essays
Sunil Sen , Peasant struggles in Bengal
Salahuddin Ahmed ,Social Ideas and Social Changes in Bengal 1818-35
Partha Mitter , Art and Nationalism
Tapati Guha Thakurata , The Making of New Indian Art
R C Majumder,History and Culture of the Indian People, vol. X, Part II
A.Gupta(ed.), Studies in the Bengal Renaissance
A F. Salauddin Ahmed ,Social Ideas and Social Change in Bengal 1818-1835
K. P. Sengupta ,Christian Missionaries in Bengal
C. Palit , Tensions in Rural Bengal
C. Palit ,New Point of Views on 19th Century Bengal
Rajat Roy (ed.) ,Mind, Body and Society: Life and Mentality in Colonial Bengal
R.Ahmed ,The Bengal Muslims: A Quest for Identity
M.Borthwick ,Changing role of Women in Bengal
David Kopf, The Bramha Samaj and making of the modern Indian mind
Amales Tripathi ,Trade and Finance in Bengal Presidency1793-1833
Binoy Choudhury,Growth of Commercial Agriculture in Bengal 1757-1900
Sekhar Bandyopadhyay , From Plassey to Partition
Sekhar Bandopadhyay, Caste Politics and the Raj- Bengal 1872- 1937
Sumanta Banerjee,Parlour and The Streets: Elite and Popular Culture in 19th C
 45

Paper XII –HISTORY OF MODERN BENGAL –II (20th Century)

Unit I: Bengal politics from First partition to Second partition; Emergence of

separate Hindu and Muslim Identities, Rise of the Left to Left in Opposition
Unit II: Economy: Peasants, Land and Land Reforms, Industrialization,
Commerce, Labour, Bengal Famine
Unit III: Society and Culture: Development of Art, Literature, Education,
Press
Unit IV: Partition and its effects, Bidhan Ray Era, Students’ Movement of
West Bengal up to 1977

Select Readings:

K. K. Datta, A Social History of Modern India

Sarit Bhowmick, Class formation in the Plantation Dooars
Sugata Bose, Agrarian Bengal : Economic : Social Structure and Politics
(1919-1947):.
S. P. Sen (ed.), Modern Bengal – A Social – Economic Survey
Chittabrata Palit , Tensions in Bengal Rural Society
Sugata Bose , Present labour and colonial capital in Bengal since1770
Rajat Roy (edited) , Mind, Body and Society: Life and Mentality in Colonial
Bengal
K. K. Datta , Dawn of Renassent India
Sumit Sarkar , Writing Social Hisotry
S. P. Sen (edited) , Social and Religious Reform Movement in the 19th &
20th centuries
Sunil Sen , Women in Tebhaga Uprising – Peter Cusker Peasant struggles in
Bengal
N. K. Sinha (ed.), History of Bengal Vol. II
Sekhar Bandopadhyay Caste, politics and the Raj : Bengal 1872-1937
Partha Mitter , Art and Nationalism
Tapati Guha Thakurata , The Making of New Indian Art
Tithi Bhattacharya, The Sentinels of Culture, Class, Education and the
Colonial Intellectual in Bengal
Robert Black, (ed.) , The Renaissance, Critical Concepts in Historical Studies
Goutam Chattopadhyay , Swadhinata Sangrame Banglar Chhatra Samaj,
Charu Prakasani , Kolkata
Goutam Chattopadhyay , Students in Indian Freedom Movement
Anil Rajimwale , History of Student Movement in India: Origin and
Development (1920-1947)-, Manak Pub. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
 46

Generic Elective (Interdisciplinary Any Four)

Paper-1: Environmental Issues in India

I. The importance of Environment.

2. Geography, Ecology and Cultures in Pre-Colonial India-Land, Forests, Dams,
Water, Pastures, Ecology of Hills and Mountains
3. Colonialism and developments in the Environment-New Regimes of land,
Forests, Water and Irrigation-Resistance: Peasants, Tribals and Pastoralists.
4. Environmental Issues in Independent India- Forests, Dams, Displacement,
Pollution, Degradation.
5. Environmental Movements in Independent India-Forests, Dams,
Displacement, Pollution.
6. Enviornmental concerns in a Globalizing World.

Suggested Readings

Mahesh Rangarajan, et al, Environmental Issues in India

Anil Agarwal, et al, The State of India’s Environment, The Second Citizens’
Report, Delhi, 1985
Madhav Gadgil & Ramchandran Guha, This Fissured Land, An Ecological
History of India, Delhi, OUP,1990
----- Ecology and Equity, the use &abuse of nature in
contemporary India, 1995
David Arnold & Ramchandran Guha, eds, Nature, Culture,
Imperiais,Delhi,OUP,1995
Salim Ali, The Fall of a Sparrow, 1985
 47

Paper-II: Research Methodology in History

I [a] Time, space, human agency

[b] Sources as authority and sources in context: written, oral, visual, and
archaeological
[c] Facts and historical facts; interpretation and meaning
[d] Hypothesis, argumentation, problematique
[e] Objectivity, causality, generalization, historical imagination
[f] Narrative and history
II History as interdisciplinary practice: [a] History and Archaeology[b] History
and Anthropology [c] Quantitative Methods in History [d] History and
Psychology [e] History and Literature
III Historians at work:
Representative writings of any two major historians are to be critically
evaluated on the parameters of the research methodology with an emphasis
on the use of the sources, methodology, arguments and conclusion.

Essential Readings:

E. H. Carr, What is History, Penguin, 2008 (also in Hindi)

MarcBloch, The Historian’s Craft (Introduction and Chapter I: History,
Men and Time), Manchester University Press, 1992.(also in Hindi)
E. Sreedharan, A Text-book of Historiography 500 BC to AD 2000,Orient
Longman, 2004 (also in Hindi) Suggested Readings:
Arthur Marwick, New Nature of History: Knowledge, Evidence, Language
(Chapter V: The Historian at work: Forget ‘facts’, Foreground
Sources),Lyceum Books Incorporated, 2001.
Habib, Irfan. Interpreting Indian History. Northeastern Hill University
Publications, Shillong, 1988
Arthur Marwick, The Nature of History (Chapter IV: History, Science and
Social Science), London: Macmillan, 1989
 48

Paper-III: Making of Contemporary India

1. Towards Independence and Emergence of the New State-Government of India

Act 1935-Working of the GOI Act-Negotiations for Independence and Popular
Movements, Partition: Riots and Rehabilitation
2. Making of the Republic-The Constituent Assembly; Drafting of the
Constitution Integration of Princely States
3 Indian Democracy at Work c1950- 1970s-Language, Region, Caste and Religion-
Electoral Politics and the Changing Party System; Regional Experiences India
and the World; Non Aligned Movement
4. Economy Society and Culture c 1950-1970s-The Land Question, Planned
Economy, Industry and Labour Science and Education-the Women’s
Question: Movements and Legislation-Cultural Trends: Institutions and
Ideas, Literature, Media, Arts

ESSENTIAL READINGS

Granville Austin, Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation, New Edition,

OUP, 2011
Francine Frankel, India’s Political Economy,1947-2004, New Delhi: Oxford
University Press, 2006.
Paul Brass, The Politics of India Since Independence, Cambridge:Cambridge
University Press, 1994. Ram Chandra Guha, India after
Gandhi: The History of the World’s Largest Democracy, New Delhi: Picador,
2007.

SUGGESTED READINGS

Bipan Chandra, et al (ed.) India after Independence, New Delhi: Penguin

Books, 1999
Appadurai, Domestic Roots of India's Foreign Policy 1947-1972, New Delhi:
Oxford University Press, 1979.
Rajni Kothari, Politics in India, New Delhi: Orient Longman,1970.
Joya Chatterji, The Spoils of Partition: Bengal and India, 1947-67,
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Sunil Khilnani, The Idea of India, Penguin Books, New Delhi, 2004
 49

Paper-IV: Delhi: Ancient

1. Stone Age Sites in Delhi area.

2. Pre-historic early historical period, settlements: Later Harrappan remains in
Bhorgarh and Mandoli.
3. Archaeology &Legends; The Purana Qila excavations and the Mahabharata
Legends, Painted Grey Ware sites.
4. The early historical period: The Ahsokan rock edict at Srinivaspuri, Bahapur.
5. Remains of the 4th-6th centuries: The Mehrauli Iron Pillar.
6. The Early medieval period: Lal Kot & Anagpur.
7. The Medieval &Modern history of ancient remains: The Ashokan Pillar, Delhi
Meerut & Delhi-Topra Pillars & the worship of ancient images in modern
village shrines.

References:

A.K.Grover &P.L.Balkiwal,”River migration and the floods – A study of

Yamuna River through remote sensing” Man &Environment,9 (1985) PP.151-
153.
A.K.Sharma, Prehistoric Delhi &Its Neighbourhood, NewDelhi,1993.
UpeinderSingh, Ancient Delhi, New Delhi, 1999,PP 1-20.
B.R. Mani: Delhi: The thresh hold of the Orient, Studies in Archaeological
Excavations, New Delhi, 1997.
R.C Thakran,”Protohistorical archaeological remains in the Union Territory of
Delhi”, Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, Calcutta Session, 199
800-806.
Indian Archaeology: A Review, 1954-55,PP 13-14,1969- 70,PP4-6, 1970
71,PP8-11.
M.C. Joshi &B.M.Pande,”A newly discovered Inscription of Ashoka at Bahapur
Delhi” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland,
1967,parts 3-4.
M.C. Joshi ed. King Chandra &the Mehrauli Pillar, Merrut,1989.
B.R. Mani, Excavations at Lalkot,1991&Further explorations in
Delhi,1991,Puratava,No.22,1991-2,pp 75-77.
Y.D. Sharma, Delhi and its neighourhood, New Delhi,ASI,1990, pp1-2,8-11.
 50

Paper-V: Delhi: Medieval

The medieval history of cities of Delhi is associated with the Sultanate & the
Mughals with the Sufis, the Courtiers and the people who resided here. It is
connected with the artisanate, the commercial groups and the brokers, the
bazaar and their hinterlands that created a glittering emporium & a culture of
urbanity that seized the imagination of the people of age

1. An account of many Cities,

2. Delhi as Imperial Camp &City,
3. Delhi as Economic Centre,
4. Delhi as Social &Cultural Centre.

Suggested Readings

R.E Frykenberg, Delhi Through the Ages: Essays in Urban History,Culture and
Society, Delhi, OUP, 1986(Relevant Chapters)
Burton Page, Dilhi: “History, Monuments “ IN Encyclopedia of Islam,Second
Edition,1956,PP,255-66
Ebba Koch, “The Delhi of the Mughals prior to Shajahanabad asreflected in
the pattern of Imperial visits” IN Ebba Koch, Ed MughalArt &Imperial
Ideology, Delhi, OUP, 2001.
Mohd Habib,” Introduction to Elliot &Dowson’s History of India, Vol.-11, in
Khaliq Nizami, Ed, Politics &Society during the Early Mughal Period, Collected
Works of Irfan Habib, PPH, 1974,PP, 80-84
Sunil Kumar, “Qutb &Modern Memory” in Sunil Kumar, Ed, The Present in
Delhi’s Past, Delhi, The Three Essays Press, 2002,PP1-6
Francois Bernier, Travels in the Mughal Empire, AD, 1656-
68,Delhi,OUP,1989,
Shama Mitra Chenoy, Shahjahanabad: A City of Delhi: 1638-1857,Delhi,
1998
 51

Paper-VI: Delhi: Modern

1. Delhi: From the battle of Parpatganj to the Ghadar 1857: An overview.

2. Literary Culture of Delhi.
3. The Ghadar & its aftermath in the life of Delhi of 1857:Anoverview
4. The making of New Delhi.
5. National movement in Delhi
6. Delhi: Partition &aftermath.
7. Violence, Dislocation &Expansion.

References

Pavan Verma, Ghalib, The Man, His Times, Penguin, 1989.

Frykenbergh, ed Delhi through the Ages: Essays in urban history,culture
&society, Delhi, OUB, 1996.
Narayani Gupta, Delhi Between the Empires.
Urvashi Butalia,The Other side of Silence
 52

Paper-VII: Issues in Contemporary World

1.Colonialism and Nationalism: a Synoptic view; Social Transformation after

the Second World War; United Nations and UNESCO; NAM, Cold War: the
character of Communist States
2. Perspectives on Development and Underdevelopment: Globalization--a long
view
3. Social Movements in the North and the South: Ecological, Feminist, Human
Rights issues
4. Modernity and Cultural Transformation: Emerging trends in Culture, Media
and Consumption

Essential Readings:

E.J. Hobsbawm, The Age ofExtremes, 1914 – 1991, New York: Vintage,
1996, Carter V.
Findley and John Rothay, Twentieth-Century World, Boston: Houghton
Mifflin, 5th ed., 2003
Norman Lowe, MasteringModern World History, London: Palgrave Macmillan,
1997

Suggested Readings:

Mark Mazower, The Balkans: A Short History [especially chap.4], New York:
Modern Library, 2000: paperback, 2002
Basil Davidson, Modern Africa: A Social and Political History,3rd edn. London
/ New Jersey: Addison – Wesley, 1995
RigobertaMenchu, An India Woman in Guatemala [Memoir of1992 Nobel
Peace Prize Winner, London: Verso.1987 {Hindi translation available}
Jonathan Spence, The Gate of Heavenly Peace: The Chinese and Their
Revolution, 1895 – 1980, Penguin, 1982
 53

Paper VIII- Gender in Indian History

I. Gender and historiography

II. Gender in India up to c.1750s

[a] Economic and social roles: material production, property relations and
patronage; varna, jati, household, sexuality and marriage
[b] Women and power in the Delhi Sultanate: Raziya Sultan
[c] Harem, household and family
[d] Education, literature and culture: biographies, music

III. Women in Colonial India: 1750s to 1940s

[a] The Women’s Question, social reforms and law
[b] Engendering caste, class and religious identities
[c] Women and Partition; Women’s movements and the state
[d] Eco-Feminism

ESSENTIAL READINGS
A Ali, ‘Women in Delhi Sultanate’. In The Oxford Encyclopaedia of Islam and
Women,Vol. 1. New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 197-200.
V.N. Desai, 'Reflections on the History and Historiography of Male sexuality in
EarlyIndia' in Vidya Dehajiya, ed. Representing the Body: Gender Issues in
Art. New Delhi:Kali for Women, 1997, pp. 44-55.
Carl W Ernst and B. Lawrence Bruce, Sufi Martyrs of Love: The Chishti Order
in SouthAsia and Beyond. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002.
G Lerner, The Majority Finds its Past: Placing Women in History. New York:
OxfordUniversity Press, 1979.
Leslie Orr, ‘Women’s Wealth and Worship: Female Patronage of Hinduism,
Jainism and Buddhism in Medieval Tamil Nadu,’ in Mandaktranta Bose ed.
Faces of the Feminine in Ancient Medieval and Modern India. New Delhi:
Oxford University Press, 2000, pp. 124-146.
Devika Rangachari, Exploring Spaces for Women in Early Medieval Kashmir.
NMML Occasional Papers.
V Ramaswamy. Walking Naked: Women and Spirituality in South India.
Shimla: IndianInstitute of Advanced Study, 1997.
K Roy. The Power of Gender and the Gender of Power, Explorations in Early
IndianHistory. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2010.
S Shah,The Making of Womanhood: Gender Relations in the Mahabharata.
RevisedEdition, Delhi: Manohar, 2012.
C Talbot, ' Rudramba Devi The Female King: Gender and Political authority in
medievalIndia, in David Shulman (ed), Syllables of the Sky: Studies in South
Indian Civilisation. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1995, pp.391-428.
R. P. Wright 'Women’s Labour and Pottery Production in Prehistory' in
Margret Conkeyand Joan Gero (ed.), Engendering Archaeology. USA: Basil
Blackwell, 1991.
Afshan Bokhari, ‘Between Patron and Piety: Jahān Ārā Begam’s Sufi
Affiliations and Articulations in Seventeenth-Century Mughal India’. In
 54

Arrangements of the Mystical inthe Muslim World, 1200–1800.Taylor and

Francis, 2011.
Charu Gupta, ‘Introduction’. In Charu Gupta, ed. Gendering Colonial India:
Reforms,Print, Caste and Communalism. Delhi: Orient Blackswan, 2012.
Irfan Habib,Exploring Medieval Gender History.Symposia Papers, Indian
HistoryCongress, 2000.
Farhat Hasan, 2State and Locality in Mughal India: Power Relations in
Western India,c.1572-1730. University of Cambridge Oriental Publications,
2005 [Chapter V:‘Women, Kin and Shari'a’ in State and Locality’].
Radha Kumar, The History of Doing: An Illustrated Account of Movements
forWomen’s Rights and Feminism in India, 1800-1990. Delhi: Zubaan, 1997
[Alsoavailable in Hindi].
Rosalind O'Hanlon, ‘Manliness and Imperial Service in Mughal North
India’.Journal ofthe Economic and Social History of the Orient, Vol. 42, No. 1
(1999), pp. 47-93.
Ruby Lal, Domesticity and Power in the Early Mughal World. Cambridge:
CambridgeUniversity Press, 2005.
Kumkum Sangari , and Sudesh Vaid, eds. Recasting Women: Essay in
Colonial History.Delhi: Kali for Women, Reprint, 2006.
Sumit Sarkar, and Tanika Sarkar, eds. Women and Social Reform in Modern
India: AReader. 2 Vols. Delhi: Permanent Black, 2007.
Geraldine Forbes,. Women in Modern India. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press,1996.

SUGGESTED READINGS
A. S. Altekar, The Position of Women in Hindu Society. Delhi: Motilal
Banarsidass, 1956.
R. K. Blackstone, Women in the Footsteps of Buddha: Struggle for Liberation
in the Therigathas. Curzon Press, 1998.
U Chakravarti, Everyday Lives Every Day Histories: Beyond the Kings and
Brahmans of‘ Ancient’ India, Tulika Books, New Delhi, 2006.
Chitgopekar, N, ed. Invoking Goddess, Gender Politics in Indian Religion.
Delhi: Shakti Books, 2002.
V. Gender Geetha. Calcutta: Stree, 2002.
P. K. Jha Gender, Varna and Vidyapati. Nehru Memorial Museum and Library,
Occasional Papers (New Series), 2013, pp. 1-37.
R Mahalaksmi. ‘Inscribing the Goddess: Female Deities in Early Medieval
Inscriptions from Tamil Region’, in The Making of the Goddess: Korravai-
Durga in Tamil Traditions. New Delhi: Penguin Books India, 2011, pp. 156-
98.
Kumkum Roy, Emergence of Monarchy in North India, Eighth-Fourth
Centuries BC: As Reflected in the Brahmanical Tradition. Delhi: Oxford
University Press, 1994.
Smita Sahgal, ‘Exploring the Beneficiaries: A Gendered Peep into the
Institution of Niyoga in Early India’. in Indian Historical Review, 39, 2,
December-2012, Sage Publications, New Delhi, pp. 163-98.
J. W Scott, Gender and the Politics of History. New York: Columbia
University Press,1998.
J. Tyagi, Engendering the Early Households, Brahmanical Precepts in early
 55

Grhyasūtras, middle of the First millennium BCE. Delhi: Orient Longman,

2008.
Lisa Balabanlilar. ‘The Begums of the Mystic Feast: Turco-Mongol Tradition
in the Mughal Harem’.The Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 69, No. 1, February
2010, pp. 123–147.
Partha Chatterjee, The Nation and its Fragments: Colonial and Postcolonial
Histories.Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1993 [Chapters on Women].
Charu Gupta, Sexuality, Obscenity, Community: Women, Muslims and the
HinduPublic in Colonial India. Delhi: Permanent Black, 2001.
Anshu Malhotra,Gender, Caste and Religious Identities: Restructuring Class
inColonial Punjab. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2002.
Janaki Nair,Women and Law in Colonial India: A Social History. New Delhi:
Kali forWomen, 1996.
Gail Minault, Secluded Scholars: Women's Education and Muslim Social
Reform in Colonial India. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Vijaya Ramaswamy, and Yogesh Sharma, eds. Biography as History: Indian
Perspectives. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan, 2009.
Anupama Rao, ed. Gender and Caste.Delhi: Women Unlimited, 2005.
Madhu Trivedi, The Emergence of the Hindustani Tradition: Music, Dance and
Dramain North India, 13th to 19th Centuries. Delhi: Three Essays Collective,
2012.
Urvashi Butalia, The Other Side of Silence: Voices from the Partition of India.
Durham:Duke University Press, 2000.
 56

Paper IX- History of Science in Colonial India

Unit I- Historical background- Scientific Traditions in India – Introduction of
Western Knowledge & Modern Sciences - Asiatic Society of Bengal – History
of Surveys (Botanical Survey, Zoological Survey etc.) , Indian Association for
the Cultivation of Science - Indian Science Congress Association - Indian
National Science Academy.

Unit II- Medical Education and Research; Calcutta Medical College –

Technical Education and Research; Bengal Engineering College, Agricultural
Education and Research.

Unit III- Great Scientists - S. Ramanujan, J.C. Bose, P.C.Ray-, S N Bose , C

.V. Raman - Role of Universities and Scientific Institutions. Case Studies.

Unit IV- Colonial Medicine: the meaning and relevance, ‘social history’ of
health and medicine

Select Bibliography:
P. C. Ray: Life and Experiences of a Bengali Chemist
S.P. Gupta : Modern India and Progress in Science and Technology
S.P. Gupta : Science, Technology and Society in the Modern Age.
Arun Bandopadhyay (ed.): Science and Society in Modern India 1750-2000
Chittabrata Palit: Scientific Bengal- Science Technology Medicine and
Environment under the Raj Adas Michael: Machines as the Measure of Men:
Science, Technology and Ideologies of Dominance David Arnold: Science
Technology and Medicine in India
S. Robert Anderson: Building Scientific Institutions in India
Subrata Dasgupta: Jagadis Bose and the Indian Response to Western Science
Deepak Kumar: Science and the Raj 1875-1908
Deepak Kumar (ed.) Science and Empire: Essays in Indian Context.
Deepak Kumar (ed.) Technology and the Raj: Western Technology and
Technology Transfer in India (1700-1047)
R. Venkataraman - History of Science and Technology
V. Dagli - Science and Technology in India
S. Varghese Jeyaraj - History of Science and Technology
Kalpana Rajaram - Science and Technology in India
Kuppuram & Kumudhamani - History of Science and Technology
G.B. Jathar & S.G. Beri : Indian Econonics Vol. II
O P Joggi: History of Science and Technology in India. India, 2000, Indian,
2001 (Publications Division, Government of India)
R C Majumder, S N Sen and S N Subbarayappa: A concise History of Science
in India
Lucil Brockway: Plantation Imperialism
Anjali Mondal: History of Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
Uma Dasgupta: Science and India: An Institutional History, 1784- 1947.
(History of Science, Philosophy and culture in India, vol.XV, part 4)
 57

Paper X- Bengal : Ancient

Unit – I- Physical and Historical Geography, Primitive People, Aryanisation
Unit – II- Early History: from 326 BCE to 322 CE (a) Gangaridi (b) Glimpses
of Bengal before the Gupta Age
Unit III – Rise of Gauda and Vanga (a) Bengal under the Imperial Guptas
(b) Independent Kingdoms in Bengal (c) The Kingdom of Vanga (d) Rise of
Gauda : Sasanka
Unit IV – Political disintegration after Sasanka
Unit V- Bengal Under the Palas and the Senas
Unit VI- Society and Economy: Literature, Religion, Iconography, Art and
Architecture, Rural and Urban Settlements, Land Tenures, Agriculture, Crafts
and Industries, Trade: Inland and Foreign, Medium of Exchange

Essential Reading:
J N Sarkar: History of Bengal (Ancient Period)
Amiya Kumar Banerjee (ed.): West Bengal District Gazetteers
Firminger- Bengal District Gazetteers
Firminger- District Handbook of West Bengal
R C Majumder: History of Ancient Bengal
R C Majumder: Banglar Itihas (Prachin Yug)
Nihar Ranjan Ray: Bangalir Itihas (Adi Parva)
Rakhal Das Bandopadhyay: Bangalar Itihas (Prothom o Dwitiya
Khanda)
W W Hunter: Statistical Account of Bengal
Binoy Ghosh: Paschimbanger Sanskriti
 58

Paper – XI Bengal : Modern

Unit I: Pre-colonial Bengal, Sources of 19th and 20th century Bengal
Unit II: Advent of Colonial power, Modern Bengal: Western Education &
Thought; Bengali Response; Bengal Renaissance Debate & Historiography,
Orientalist studies, Press and Literature; Bengali Drama & Theatre
Unit III: Orthodox Hinduism, Brahmo Movement, Neo-Hindu Movement
Unit IV: Bengal politics from First partition to Second partition, Rise of the
Left to Left in Opposition, Bengal Famine
Unit V : Partition and its effects; the Refugee Problem; Bidhan Ray Era

Suggested Readings:
J.N.Sarkar , History of Bengal
Amalendu De , Roots of Separatism in 19th C, Bengal
S. P. Sen (ed.) , Modern Bengal – A Socio Economic Survey
Tapan Roy Choudhury , Europe Reconsidered
N. K. Sinha , The Economic History of Bengal 3Vols.
N. K. Sinha(ed.) , History of Bengal 1757—1905
Amalendu De, Bangali Buddhijibi O Bichchhinnatabad
Chittabrata Palit , Perspectives of Agrarian Bengal
K. K. Datta, Dawn of Renascent India
Nemai Sadhan Bose, Indian Renaissance and Bengal
Amitabha Mukherjee , Reform and Regeneration in Bengal
Sumit Sarkar , Writing Social History
S. P. Sen (ed.) , Social and Religious Reform Movement in the 19th & 20th
centuries
David Kopf , British Orientalism & the Bengal Renaissance
R.C.Majumdar , Glimpses of Bengal in the Nineteenth Century
S.C.Sarkar , Bengal Renaissance & other Essay.
Sunil Sen , Peasant struggles in Bengal
Salahuddin Ahmed , Social Ideas and Social Changes in Bengal 1818-35
Partha Mitter , Art and Nationalism
Tapati Guha Thakurata, The Making of New Indian Art
R C Majumder, History and Culture of the Indian People, vol. X, Part II
A.Gupta(ed.) , Studies in the Bengal Renaissance
A F. Salauddn Ahmed , Social Ideas and Social Change in Bengal 1818-1835
K. P. Sengupta, Christian Missionaries in Bengal
C. Palit , Tensions in Rural Bengal
C. Palit , New Point of Views on 19th Century Bengal
R.Ahmed , The Bengal Muslims: A Quest for Identity
M.Borthwick , Changing role of Women in Bengal
David Kopf , The Bramha Samaj and making of the modern Indian mind
Amales Tripathi , Trade and Finance in Bengal Presidency1793-1833
Binoy Choudhury , Growth of Commercial Agriculture in Bengal 1757-1900
Sekhar Bandyopadhyay , From Plassey to Partition
Sekhar Bandopadhyay , Caste Politics and the Raj- Bengal 1872- 1937 –
Sumanta Banerjee, Parlour and The Streets: Elite and Popular Culture in 19th
C
 59

K. K. Datta , A Social History of Modern India

Sarit Bhowmick , Class formation in the Plantation Dooars
Sugata Bose , Agrarian Bengal : Economic : Social Structure and Politics
(1919-1947)
Sugata Bose , Present labour and colonial capital in Bengal since1770
Rajat Roy (edited) , Mind, Body and Society: Life and Mentality in Colonial
Bengal
K. K. Datta , Dawn of Renascent India
Sumit Sarkar , Writing Social History
S. P. Sen (edited) , Social and Religious Reform Movement in the 19th &
20th centuries
Peter Custer , Women in Tebhaga Uprising
Sunil Sen , Peasant struggles in Bengal
N. K. Sinha, History of Bengal Vol. II (ed)
Sekhar Bandopadhyay , Caste, politics and the Raj : Bengal 1872-1937
Partha Mitter , Art and Nationalism
Tapati Guha Thakurata , The Making of New Indian Art
Tithi Bhattacharya , The Sentinels of Culture, Class, Education and the
Colonial Intellectual in Bengal
Robert Black, (ed.), The Renaissance, Critical Concepts in Historical Studies
J. H. Broomfield , Elite Conflict in a Plural Society: Twentieth- Century Bengal
 60

Skill Enhancement Courses (SEC)

Any Two Papers

Paper-I Understanding Heritage

This course will enable students to understand the different facets of heritage and their
significance. It highlights the legal and institutional frameworks for heritage protection in
India as also the challenges facing it.
I. Defining Heritage
Meaning of ‘antiquity’, ‘archaeological site’, ‘tangible heritage’, 'intangible
heritage' and ‘art treasure’
II. Evolution of Heritage Legislation and the Institutional Framework:
Conventions and Acts— national and international-Heritage-related
government departments, museums, regulatory bodies etc.
Conservation Initiatives
III. Challenges facing Tangible and Intangible Heritage
Development, antiquity smuggling, conflict (to be examined through specific
case studies)
IV. Evolution of Heritage Legislation and the Institutional Framework:
Conventions and Acts— national and international-Heritage-related
government departments, museums, regulatory bodies etc. Conservation
Initiatives
V. Challenges facing Tangible and Intangible Heritage:
Development, antiquity smuggling, conflict (to be examined through specific
case studies)
VI. Heritage and Travel:
Heritage Sites-The relationship between cultural heritage, landscape and
travel-recent trends

Essential Readings
David Lowenthal, Possessed By The Past: The Heritage Crusade and The
Spoils of History, Cambridge, 2010
Layton, R. P. Stone and J. Thomas.Destruction and Conservation ofCultural
Property. London: Rutledge, 2001
Lahiri, N. Marshaling the Past - Ancient India and its
ModernHistories.Ranikhet: Permanent Black. 2012, Chapters 4 and 5.
S.S. Biswas, Protecting the Cultural Heritage (National Legislationsand
International Conventions). New Delhi: INTACH, 1999.

Suggested Readings
Acts, Charters and Conventions are available on the UNESCO and ASI
websites (www.unesco.org; www.asi.nic.in)
Agrawal, O.P., Essentials of Conservation and Museology,
Delhi,2006_Chainani, S. 2007. Heritage and Environment. Mumbai: Urban
Design Research Institute, 2007
 61

Paper-II: Art Appreciation An Introduction to Indian Art

The purpose of this course is to introduce students to Indian art from ancient
to contemporary times, in order to understand and appreciate its diversity
and its aesthetic richness
I. Prehistoric and protohistoric art: Rock art; Harappan arts and crafts
II. Indian art (c. 600 BCE – 600 CE):World Heritage Site Managers, UNESCO
World Heritage Manuals[can be downloaded/ accessed at www.unesco.org]
Notions of art and craft-Canons of Indian paintings-Major developments in
stupa, cave, and temple art and architecture Early Indian sculpture: style
and iconography-Numismatic art
III. Indian Art (c. 600 CE – 1200 CE) :Temple forms and their architectural
features-Early illustrated manuscripts and mural painting traditions Early
medieval sculpture: style and iconography-Indian bronzes or metal icons
IV. Indian art and architecture (c. 1200 CE – 1800 CE): Sultanate and Mughal
architecture-Miniature painting traditions: Mughal, Rajasthani, Pahari
Introduction to fort, palace and haveli architecture
V. Modern and Contemporary Indian art and Architecture: The Colonial Period-Art
movements: Bengal School of Art, Progressive Artists Group, etc. Major
artists and their artworks-Popular art forms (folk art traditions)

Essential Readings

Neumayer, Erwin, Lines of Stone: The pre-historic rock-art of India, South

Asia Books, 1993
Goswamy, B.N., Essence of Indian Art, Asian Art Museum of San Francisco,
1986
Huntington, Susan, The Art of Ancient India: Hindu, Buddhist,
Jain,Weatherhill, 1985
Guha-Thakurta, Tapati, The making of a new modern Indian art: Aesthetics
and nationalism in Bengal, 1850-1920, Cambridge University Press, 1992

Suggested Readings:

Mitter, Partha, Indian Art, Oxford History of Art series, Oxford University
Press, 2001
Dhar, Parul Pandya, ed., 2011, Indian Art History Changing Perspectives,
New Delhi: D.K.
Printworld and National Museum Institute (Introduction).
Beach, M.C., The New Cambridge History of India I: 3, Mughal and Rajput
Painting, Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Ray, Niharranjan, An Approach to Indian Art, Calcutta, 1970
 62

Paper-III: Archives and museums

This course introduces students to the institutions that house and maintain
documentary, visual and material remains of the past. Museums and archives
are among the most important such repositories and this course explains
their significance and how they work.

I. Definition and history of development (with special reference to India)

II. Types of archives and museums: Understanding the traditions of
preservation in India Collection policies, ethics and procedures
Collection: field exploration, excavation, purchase, gift and bequests, loans-
and deposits, exchanges, treasure trove confiscation and others-
Documentation: accessioning, indexing, cataloguing, digital documentation
and de-accessioning
Preservation: curatorial care, preventive conservation, chemical preservation
and restoration
III. Museum Presentation and Exhibition.
IV. Museums, Archives and Society.

Essential Readings:

Saloni Mathur, India By Design: Colonial History and Cultural Display,

University of California, 2007
Sengupta, S. Experiencing History Through Archives. Delhi: Munshiram
Manoharlal.2004.
Guha, Thakurta, Tapati, Monuments, Objects, Histories: Institution of Art in
Colonial India, New York, 2004
Kathpalia, Y. P. Conservation and
Restoration of Archive Materials. UNESCO, 1973
Choudhary, R.D. Museums of India and their maladies. Calcutta:Agam Kala.
1988
Nair, S.M. Bio-Deterioration of Museum Materials. 2011
Agrawal, O.P., Essentials of Conservation and Museology, Delhi, 20
 63

Paper-IV: Understanding Popular Culture

The paper examines some popular cultures expressed in different mediums

like visual, oral and cultural. In the process of their evolution, these cultures
eclectically draw from traditions, articulate anxieties, and even give rise to
new traditions. The paper endeavours to equip students with understanding
such phenomena historically, with special reference to India. It is imperative
that the students use electronic devices to record, and document the subject
matter.
I Introduction: Defining popular culture and understanding it historically
II Visual expressions : Folk art, calendar art, photography
III. Performance: Theatre; Music; folk tales/songs/swang and Nautanki:
Identifying themes, functionality, anxieties
IV. The audio-visual: cinema and television: Indian cinema: Mapping the
influence of the national struggle for independence (1930s and 40s);
Idealized nationalism (1950s), disillusionment and the anti-establishment
mood(1970s and 80s); documentary films-Expressions of popular culture in
television
V. Fairs, Festivals and Rituals: Disentangling mythological stories, patronage,
regional variations
VI. Popular culture in a globalized world: The impact of the Internet and audio-
visual media

Essential Readings:

Dissanayake, W. and K. M. Gokul Singh, Indian Popular Cinema,

Trentham Book, London, 2004 John Storey, Cultural Theory and Popular
Culture, London, 2001
Oberoi, Patricia, Freedom and Destiny: Gender, Family and Popular Culture in
India, Delhi, 2009
Christopher Princy, Camera Indica: The Social Life of IndianPhotographs,
Chicago, 1998

Suggested Readings:

Pankaj Rag, Dhuno ke Yatri, Rajkamal, New Delhi, 2006 (Hindi)

Ramanujan, A.K. Folktales from India A Selection of Oral Tales from Twenty-
two Languages (Only Introduction).
Ramaswamy, V. ‘Women andthe ‘Domestic’ in Tamil Folk Songs’ in Kumkum
Sangari and Uma Chakravarti, eds., From Myths to Markets: Essays on
Gender, Shimla, 1999
Singh, Lata (ed.), Theatre in Colonial India: Playhouse of Power, New Delhi,
2009
 64

Structure of B.A (Programme) History as Discipline -1

under CBCS Core Courses—
Discipline specific Course (DSC)-4

1. History of India from the Earliest Times upto 300 CE

2. History of India from C.300 to 1206.
3. History of India from C. 1206 to 1707
4. History of India from 1707 to1950

Discipline Specific Elective (DSE)- Any Two

1. Patterns of Colonialism in the World: 15th to 19thCenturies.

2. National Liberation Movements in 20thCentury World.
3. Some Aspects of European History: C.1780-1945.
4. Patterns of Capitalism in Europe: C.16thCentury to early 20thCentury
5. Some Aspects of Society & Economy of Modern Europe: 15 – 18 Century
6. Political History of Modern Europe: 15th - 18thCentury

Generic Elective (Inter-Disciplinary) -Any Two

1. Women Studies in India.

2. Women in Politics &Governance.
3. Some Perspectives on Women’s Rights in India.
4. Gender and Education in India.
5. History of Indian Journalism: Colonial &Post Colonial Period.
6. Cultures in The Indian Subcontinent

Ability Enhancement Elective Course (AEEC /SEC) - Any Four

1. Historical Tourism: Theory &Practice

2. Museums & Archives in India
3. Indian History &Culture
4. Ethnographic Practices in India: Tradition of Embroidery; Textile Making,
Knitting, Handicrafts
5 An Introduction to Archaeology
6. Documentation &Visual Culture
7. Orality and Oral Culture in India
 65

Core Courses: 4
Paper -1: History of India from Earliest Times up to 300 CE

I. Sources & Interpretation

II.A broad survey of Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic Cultures.
III.Harappan Civilization; Origin, Extent, dominant features &decline,
Chalcolithic age.
IV. The Vedic Period: Polity, Society, Economy and Religion, Iron age with
reference to PGW &Megaliths.
V. Territorial States and the rise of Magadha, Conditions for the rise of
Mahajanpadas and the Causes of Magadha’s success
VI. Iranian and Macedonian Invasions, Alexander’s Invasion and impact
VII. Jainism and Buddhism: Causes, Doctrines, Spread, Decline and
Contributions
VIII. The Satvahanas Phase; Aspects of Political History, Material Culture,
Administration, Religion
VIII. Emergence and Growth of Mauryan Empire; State, Administration,
Economy,Ashoka’s Dhamma, Art & Architecture
IX. The Satvahana Phase: Aspects of Political History, Material Culture, and
Administration & Religion
X. The Sangam Age: Samgam Literature, The three Early Kingdoms, Society &
the Tamil language
XI. The age of Shakas: Parthians & Kushanas, Aspects of Polity, Society,
Religion, Arts &Crafts, Coins, Commerce and Towns.

References:

Agrawal, D.P. The Archaeology of India

Basham, A.L. The Wonder That was India
Chakrabarti, D.K. Archaeology of Ancient Indian Cities
Jaiswal, Suvira Caste: Origin, Function and Dimensions
Subramanian, N. Sangam Polity
Thapar, Romila History of Early India
Allchin, F.R. and B Origins of a Civilization: The Prehistory and Early
Archaeology of South Asia
Jha, D.N. Ancient India in Historical Outline (1998 edn)
Kosambi, D.D. Culture and Civilization of Ancient India
Ray, H.P. Monastery and Guild India in Historical Outline
Sastri, K.A.N. A History of South India
R.S Sharma, India’s Ancient Past
Ray, Niharranjan Maurya and Post Maurya Art
Sharma, R.S. Aspects of Political Ideas and Institutions in Ancient India
(1991 edn.)
Thapar, Romila Ashoka and the Decline of the Mauryas(1997 edn)
Yazdani, G. Early History of Deccan Aspects of Political Ideas and Institutions
inAncient India (1991 edn.)
Thapar, Romila Ashoka and the Decline of the Mauryas(1997 edn)
 66

Paper-2: History of India from. C.300 to1206

I. The Rise & Growth of the Guptas: Administration, Society, Economy, Religion,
Art, Literature, and Science &Technology.
II. Harsha & His Times: Harsha’s Kingdom, Administration, Buddhism &
Nalanda
III. South India: Polity, Society, and Economy & Culture
IV. Towards the Early Medieval: Changes in Society, Polity Economy and
Culture with reference to the Pallavas, Chalukayas and Vardhanas.
V. Evolution of Political structures of Rashtakutas, Pala & Pratiharas.
VI. Emergence of Rajput States in Northern India: Polity, Economy &Society.
VII. Arabs in Sindh: Polity, Religion &Society.
VIII. Struggle for power in Northern India &establishment of Sultanate.

References:

R. S. Sharma: Indian Feudalism

India’s Ancient Past
B. D. Chattopadhaya: Making of Early Medieval India
Derryl N. Maclean: Religion and Society in Arab Sindh
K. M. Ashraf: Life and Conditions of the People of Hindustan
M. Habib and K.A. Nizami: A Comprehensive History of India Vol.V
Tapan Ray Chaudhary and Irfan Habib (ed.): The Cambridge Economic
History of India, Vol.I
Peter Jackson: Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History
Tara Chand: Influence of Islam on Indian Culture
Satish Chandra: A History of Medieval India, 2 Volumes
Percy Brown, Islamic Architecture
 67

Paper -3: History of India from 1206 to1707

I. Foundation, Expansion &consolidation of the Delhi Sultanate; Nobility & Iqta

system.
II. Miltary, administrative &economic reforms under the Khiljis & the Tughlaqs.
III. Bhakti &Sufi Movements.
IV.Provincial kingdoms: Mewar, Bengal, Vijaynagara & Bahamanis.
V. Second Afghan State.
VI. Emergence and consolidation of Mughal State, C.16thcentury to mid 17th
century.
VII. Akbar to Aurangzeb: administrative structure – Mansab &Jagirs, State
&Religion, Socio-Religious Movements.
VIII. Economy, Society &Culture under the Mughals.
IX.Emergence of Maratha Power.

References:

Irfan Habib: The Agrarian System of Mughal India 1556-1707,

Irfan Habib (ed.) : Madhya Kaleen Bharat, (in Hindi), 8 Volumes,
M. Athar Ali: Mughal Nobility under Aurangzeb,
Shireen Moosvi: The Economy of the Mughal Empire
S.A.A.Rizvi: Muslim Revivalist Movements in Northern India during16th and
17th Centuries
R.P. Tripathi: The Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire, 2 vol.
I. H. Siddiqui: Some Aspects of Afghan Despotism
Kesvan Veluthat: Political Structure of Early Medieval South India
P.J. Marshall: The Eighteenth Century in Indian History.
Stewart Gordon: The Marathas 1600-1818
Percy Brown : Islamic Architecture
 68

Paper-4: History of India; 1707-1950.

I. Interpreting the 18th Century.

II. Emergence of Independent States & establishment of Colonial power.
III. Expansion &consolidation of Colonial Power upto 1857.
IV. Uprising of 1857: Causes, Nature &Aftermath.
V. Colonial economy: Agriculture, Trade & Industry.
VI. Socio-Religious Movements in the 19th century.
VII. Emergence &Growth of Nationalism with focus on Gandhian nationalism.
VIII. Communalism: Genesis, Growth and partition of India.
IX. Advent of Freedom: Constituent Assembly, establishment of Republic.

References:

Sugata Bose and Ayesha Jalal, Modern South Asia: History, Culture, Political
Economy, New Delhi, 1998
Sekhar Bandyopadhyay, From Plassey to Partition
Barbara D Metcalf andT.R. Metcalf. A Concise History of India, Cambridge,
2002
C.A. Bayly, An Illustrated History of Modern India 1600 - 1947,London 1990
Sumit Sarkar Modern India 1885 ñ 1947, Mamillan, 1983
Mushirul Hasan, John Company to the Republic: A story of Modern India
R.P. Dutt, India Today.
Thomas Metcalf, Ideologies of the Raj.
R. Jeffery, J Masseloss, From Rebellion to the Republic.
Bipan Chandra, Nationalism and Colonialism.
Urvashi Butalia, The Other side of Silence.
Francine Frankel, Indiaís Political Economy 1947- 1977.
Paul Brass, The Politics of India since Independence.
Lloyd and Susan Rudolph, In Pursuit of Laxmi: the Political Economy of the
Indian State, Chicago, 1987
Bipan Chandra, Aditya Mukherjee, India After Independence, Viking,1999.
Gail Omvedt, Dalits and Democratic Revolution.
Ramachandra Guha, The Fissured Land.
K.G. Subramanian The Living Tradition, Perspectives on Modern Indian Art.
Radha Kumar, A History of Doing.
 69

Discipline Specific Elective: Any Two

Paper-1: Patterns of Colonialism in the World: 15th to 19thCentury

I. Defining Colonialism.
II. Establishment of Colonial Empires by Spain and Portugal in15 th-16th centuries.
III. French in Canada: 1534-1763
IV. British in India in 18th century.
V. Informal Empire in 19th century Africa.
VI. Scramble for Power in late 19th century China.
VII. Nature of Colonial control and patterns of subjugation.

References:

Ralph Davis, The Rise of the Atlantic Economies, New York, 1973,
J.H Perry, The Establishment of the European Hegemony 1415-
1715, Trade & Exploration in the Age of the Renaissance, Harper Torch
books, 1959,
K.R.G.Nair & Romey Borges, Discovering French Canada, Allied Publishers,
2002
Ralph Davis, The Rise of the Atlantic Economies,
Christopher Hill, From Reformation to Industrial Revolution
Basil Davidson, Modern Africa: A Social and Political History, 3 rd edn. London
/ New Jersey: Addison ñ Wesley, 1995
Arvind Sinha, Europe in Transition, Delhi, 2010 (also in Hindi)
 70

Paper-2: National Liberation Movements in 20th century World

I. Nationalism: Theory and Practice.

II. Nature of Imperialism and colonialism
III. National Movements in Nigeria, Kenya, Congo, Angola & South Africa.
IV. China between 1911-1949: Revolution of 1911,May Fourth Movement and
Cultural Revolution under Mao Tse Tung. Indonesian Revolution 1945-1949.
VI. National Movement in India.

References:

Lucian Bianco, Origins of the Chinese Revolution, 1915-1946.

A.J.Temu & Roger Owen eds., Studies in the theory of Imperialism,1970.
E.F.Penrose,ed., European Imperialism the partition of Africa,1980.
Milton Osborne, Southeast Asia: An Introductory History.
Sumit Sarkar, Modern India, Macmillan, 1984.
 71

Paper-3: Some Aspects of European History: C.1780-1939

I. The French Revolution: Genesis Nature & Consequences

II. Napoleonic Era and aftermath.
III. Revolutions of 1830 & 1848.
IV. Unification of Italy &Germany.
V. Social and economic Changes.
VI. Imperialist Conflicts: W.W I
VII. Rise of Fascism and Nazism.
VIII. Origin of W.W.II

References:

E.J. Hobsbawm: The Age of Revolution.

Lynn Hunt: Politics, Culture and Class in the French Revolution.
Andrew Porter, European Imperialism, 18760 -1914 (1994).
E.J. Hobsbawm, The Age of Extremes, 1914 - 1991, New York:Vintage, 1996
Carter V. Findley and John Rothey, Twentieth-Century World,.
Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 5th ed. 2003
 72

Paper 4: Patterns of Capitalism in Europe: C.16TH Century to early 20th Century

I. Definitions & Concepts

II. Commercial Capitalism: 1500-1700
III. Industrial Revolution in England: Causes &Nature
IV. Industrial Capitalism in France: Genesis &Nature
V. Growth of Industries in Germany
VI. Impact of Industrial Revolution on European Society, Polity & Economy.

References:

Jerry Müller, The Mind &the Market

Karl Polany, The Great Transformation
Joseph Schumpeter, Capitalism, Socialism &Democracy
Wallerstein, World System Analysis: An Introduction, 2004
Cipolla Carlo, M, Fontana Economic History of Europe, VOL I&II
Christopher Hill, From Reformation to Industrial Revolution,
Jan De Vries, The Industrial Revolution &the Industrious Revolution,1994
 73

Paper-5: Society & Economy of Modern Europe: 15th – 18thCentury

1: Historiographical Trends
II. Feudal Crisis: Main strands
III. Renaissance: Origin, Spread & Dominant Features
IV. European Reformation: Genesis, nature & Impact
V. Beginning of the era of colonization: motives; mining and plantation; the
African slaves
VI. Economic developments of the sixteenth century; Shift of economic balance
from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic
VII. Transition from Feudalism to Capitalism: Industrial Revolution in England

References:

P S Gupta, Aadhunik Paschim Ka Uday, Delhi

J H Plumb, The Pelican Book of the Renaissance, Penguin, 1982
G. R. Elton, Reformation Europe 1517, 1559, Wiley, 1999
Ralph Davis, The Rise of the Atlantic Economies, New York, 1973
Arvind Sinha, Europe in Transition, Delhi, 2010 (also in Hindi)
Rodney Hilton, The Transition from Feudalism to Capitalism, Delhi,2006.
Fernand Braudel, Civilization and Capitalism, Vols. I, II, III, California, 1992
Butterfield, Herbert. The origins of modern science. Vol. 90507. Free Press,
1997
 74

Paper-6 Political History of Modern Europe: 15th -18th Century

I. Europe in the 15th century: Political dimensions of feudal crisis

II. From City States to emergence of Absolutist States: Case Studies of Italy,
Spain, France, England and Russia.
III. Constitutional Conflict in 17th century England: Causes, nature and results.
IV. Thirty Year War: Causes, nature and Impact
V. Absolutist State in 18th Century: Case studies of Prussia, Russia & England.
VI. Crisis of the Absolutist State in France

References:

Arvind Sinha, Europe in Transition, Delhi, 2010 (also in Hindi)

Rodney Hilton, The Transition from Feudalism to Capitalism, Delhi, 2006.
Perry Anderson, Lineages of the Absolutist State, Verso, London2013
John Merriman, A History of Modern Europe, New York, 2010
 75

Generic Elective (Inter-Disciplinary) - Any Two

Paper 1: Women Studies in India.

I. Basic Concepts &Theories:

-Defining Gender,
-Patriarchy: Ideology & Practice
-Relationship between Gender, Caste, Class, Religion &Politics
II. Emergence of Women Studies in India
III. Gender & Social History:
-Family &Marriage
-Women’s Question in the 19th century
-Women ’Movement in Colonial &Post Colonial in India
IV. Gender, Law & Politics:
-Political participation
-Violence against women &Preventive laws
V. Gender, Development & Culture:
- Issues of labour &Health
- Access to resources
- Gender audit

References:

Kamla Bhasin, Understanding Gender

Kamla Bhasin, What is Patriarchy?
Madhu Vij, et al, Women Studies in India, A journey of 25 Years, Rawat,
2014
Kumkum Sangari & Sudesh Vaid, Recasting Women, Essay in Colonial
History, Kali for women, Reprint, 2006
Sushila Kaushik, Panchayati Raj in Action: Challenges to Women’s Role,
Delhi, 1996
Nivedita Menon, Gender & Politics in India, New Delhi, OUP, 1999
Shri Venkatram, Women in Print –The change over the last half century in
reporting on women & Gender Issues in Indian newspapers, A study by
UNIFEM, 2003
 76

Paper 2: Women in Politics &Governance.

I. Theoretical Perspectives on Politics &Governance

II. Pre-Colonial Period: Women of learning &ruling classes
III. Colonial Period: Leaders in reforming activities, politics and national
movement
IV. Electoral Politics, Women as voters & elected Representatives
V. Studies on local government levels, State Assemblies & Parliament.

References:

Raj Kumar, Women in Politics, Anmol Publishers, New Delhi, 2000

Raj Kumar, Women & Leadership, 2000
L.M.Sanghvi, Democracy &the Rule of Law, Occean Books, Pvt Ltd, New
Delhi, 2002
 77

Paper 3: Some Perspectives on Women’s Rights in India.

I. Definition of Human Rights: UN Conventions &Indian Context

II. Indian Constitution &Women’s Rights
III. Preventive Acts: Minimum Wage Act, 1948, Family CourtsAct,1986, Dowry
Prohibition Act,1961,Immoral Traffic PreventionAct,1986, Domestic Violence
Act, PNDT Act,1994,latest measures
IV. Issues of violence against women and remedial measures
V. Role of Non Government Institutions
VI. Present Status: Issues of enabling & empowering modalities.

References:

Bina Agarwal, Field of Her Own, New Delhi, Kali for Women,
Urvashi Butalia & T.Sarkar, ed, Women & Hindu Rights, NewDelhi,Kali for
Women,1996,
Zoya Hasan,ed, Forging Identities: Gender, Communities & Patriarchies,
EPW, December,1995.
 78

Paper 4: Gender and Education in India

I. Historiographical Trends
II. Education in Early and medieval times; Formal & Informal
III. Colonial Period: Socio-religious reform women & education for females.
IV. Role of School and Colleges in Colonial and Post Colonial Period.
V. Contours of Female literacy since 1950,
VI. Present Scenario: Education as a tool of empowerment.

References:

Aparna Basu, Growth of Education and Political Development in India, 1898-

1920,1974
Aparna Basu, Bharati Ray, Women Struggle, A History of the AllIndia
Women’s Conference, 2002
Ram Nath Sharma Rajender Nath Sharma, History of Education inIndia,
Atlantic Publishers,1996
Radha Kumar, A History of Doing
Usha Sharma, Women Education in Modern India
 79

Paper 5: History of Indian Journalism: Colonial & Post Colonial Period.

I. Pre-colonial History of written records &modalities of dissemination

II. Advent of Print media: Imperialist Ideologies
III. Nationalism & Print Culture: Selective study of prominent newspapers:
Tribune, Amrita Bazar Patrika and Hindustan Times

References:

Natrajan. J, History of Indian Journalism, Vol. –ii of Press Commission

Report, New Delhi, 1954
Natrajan. J, A history of the Press in India, Asian Publishing House, Bombay,
1962
Ghosh,Hamendra Prasad, Newspapers in India, University ofCalcutta,1952
Ananda. Prakash, A History of the Tribune, A Centenary Publication by the
Tribune Trust, 1986
 80

Paper 6: Cultures in the Indian Subcontinent

1. Definitions of Culture and its various aspects.

1. Languages and Literature Sanskrit: Kavya – Kalidasa’s Ritusambhara:
Prakrit: Gatha Saptasati, Development of vernacular language and literature;
Indo-Persian Literature: Amir Khusro’s works: Urdu poetry and prose:
Ghalib.
2. Performing Arts
a) Hindustani, (b) Carnatic classical Music, (c) Devotional music: bhakti and
Sufi: -Classical and Folk Dance, Theatre: Classical, Folk,Colonial and Modern
3. Architecture: Meanings, form and Function
(a) Rock-cut-Mamallapuram (b) structural ñ temple architecture-Khajuraho
complexand Tanjavur temple; (c) fort of Dalulatabad or Chittor forts;
(d)palace-dargah at Fatehpur Sikri; (e) Lutyen’s Delhi.
4. 1. Perceptions of visual Past and Present
2. Sculptures and Painting(a) Silpashastric normative tradition: (b)
Classicism Narrative and Sculptural, Mural Fresco paintings: (c) post
Classicism: Pallava, Chola; (d) medieval idiom and Mughal paintings,
painters and illustrated texts: (e)Modern and company school, Ravi Varma,
Bengal School, Amrita Shergil and Progressive Artists.
5. Popular Culture
-Folk Lore and Oral tradition of Kathas, narratives, legends and proverbs,
Linkages of bardic and literary traditions.
- Festivals, fairs and fasts; Links with tirtha, pilgrimage and localities.
-Textile and Crafts; the Culture of Food.
6. Communication, Patronage and Audiences
-Court Merchant groups and communities.
-Culture as Communication.
-Nationalism and the issue of Culture; Institutions of Cultural Practices
Colonial and Post Colonial

SUGGESTED READINGS:

Asher Catherine, (ed.): Perceptions of Indiaís Visual Past, AIIS, Delhi, 1994
Asher Catherine, Architecture of Mughal India
Basham A.L., The Wonder that was India. Volume I, New Delhi
Brown Percy, Indian Architecture, Buddhist Hindu and Islamic, Vol.I, II,
Mumbai, 1956
Chandra Prainod, ed, Studies in Indian Temple Architecture; Chapter 1. AIIS,
1975.
Deva, B.C., An introduction to Indian Music, Delhi, 1973.
Maxwell, T.S., Image: Text and Meaning: Gods of South Asia, OUP, Delhi
Tillotson G, Havelis of Rajasthan.
Zimmer, H., Myths and Symbolism in Indian Art and Civilization, Princeton
Press, New Jersey,
Cohn. Bernard, India: The Social Anthropology of a Civilization in Bernard
Cohn Omnibus, OUP, 2004
 81

Vatasayana Kapila; Indian Classical Dance, Publications Divisions, New Delhi,

1974 (in Hindi Translation also)
K. T. Achaya, A Historical Dictionary of Indian Food, OUP.
Banerjea J.N.: The Development of Hindu Iconography, Calcutta,1956
Bussagli M and Srivaramamurthy C.: 5000 Years of Indian Art, New York
History and Culture of the Indian People, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan Series.
Huntington Susan L: The Art of Ancient India, Tokyo New York, 1985.
Kramrisch, Stella, The Art of India, Orient Book Depot. Delhi, 1987.
Miller Barbara Stoler: The Powers of Art: Patronage in Indian Culture, OUP,
Delhi 1992.
Mitter Partha: Much Maligned Monsters, Oxford, 1977.
Mitter Partha: Art and Nationalism in Colonial India, OUP, and Delhi.
Mukherji: Folk Art of India
Ramanujan, A.K., Collected Papers OUP.
Richman, Paula, Many Ramayanas OUP.
Rizvi, S.A.A.: The Wonder that Was India: Volume II., New Delhi.
Varadpande M.L.History of Indian Theatre: Invitation to Indian Theatre, New
Delhi, 1987.
Traditional Indian Theatre: Multiple Streams, Hindi translation: Paramparik
Bharatiya Rangmanch: Anant Dharayed NBT, New Delhi 1995.
 82

Ability Enhancement Elective Course (AEEC / SEC)- Any Four

Paper 1: Historical Tourism: An Overview

I. Defining Heritage
- Art & Architecture in India: An overview
II. Understanding Built Heritage:
-Stupa Architecture
-Temple Architecture
-Indo Persian Architecture, Forts, Palaces, Mosques
-Colonial Architecture
-Present day structures
III. Modalities of Conducting Tourism

References:

Sunil Kumar, The Present in Delhi’s Past, Delhi, Gyan Publishing House, 2002
Peter Howard, Heritage: Management, Interpretation, Identity, and London,
2003
V.S Agarwal, Indian Art, Varanasi, Prithvi Prakasahan, 1972
Percy Brown, Indian Architecture, Bombay, D.B.Taraporevala Sons& Co,
1940
James Harle, The Art & Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent, Hormonds
worth, Penguin, 1988
S.K.Bhowmik, Heritage Management: Care, Understanding & Appreciation of
Cultural Heritage, Jaipur, 2004.
 83

Paper 2: Museums & Archives in India

I. Definitions
II. History of setting up of Museums and Archives: Some Case Studies
III. Studying of Structures & Functions
IV. Training & Employment

References:

G.Edson & Dean David, Handbook for Museum, London, Routledge, 1986
John Ridener, From Folders to Post Modernism: A Concise History of Archival
Theory, 2009
 84

Paper 3: Indian History &Culture

I. Environment; Culture, Tradition &Practices:

-Historical overview
-Oral & codified information on medicinal Plants
-Water & Water Bodies
II. Urbanization & Urbanism:
-Issues of settlements & Landscapes
-Social differentiations
-Communication networks
III. Social inequality &Gender:
-Status within Households: An overview
-Present context
-Issues of Violence
-Employment, distribution of resources
IV. Cultural Heritage:
-Main components
-Built Heritage
-Historical Tourism
V. Cultural Forms & Cultural Expressions:
- History of Performing Arts
-Fairs & Festivals

References:

Indu Banga, ed. The City in Indian History: Urban Demography, Society &
Polity, Delhi, Manohar, 1991
Koch, E. Mughal Art & Imperial Ideology
Radha Kumar, History of Doing: An Illustrated Account of Movements for
Women’s Rights &Feminism in India 1880-1990, Zubaan, 2007
V.Vasudev, Fairs &Festivals, Incredible India Series, 2007
V.Singh, The Human Footprint on Environment: Issues in India, New Delhi,
and Macmillan, 2012
B. Parikh, Composite Culture in a multicultural Society, Delhi, NBT,2007
N. Mehta, Introduction: Satellite Television, Identity &Globalization in
Contemporary India in N.Mehta, ED, Television in India, New York,
Routledge, 2008
R.C. Thakran & Sheo Dutt, ed Bhartiya Upmahaduip ki
Sanskritiyan,University of Delhi
 85

Paper 4: Ethnographic Practices in India: Tradition of Embroidery, Textile making,

Knitting, Handicrafts

I. History: Evidences and writings;

-Early India
-Medieval period
-Colonial and Post Colonial
II. Contemporary Practices:
‐ North
‐ -West
‐ East
‐ South
-Practitioners & Issues of Sustenance
-Codification of Information
-Relationship between Market and Conservation.

References:

Textile Museum, Ahmadabad

Sanskrit Museum of Indian Textiles, Gurgaon
www.IndianMirror.com
Local & National Museums, Dharohar Museum, Kurukshetra University
Museum, Punjabi University, Patiala
 86

Paper 5: An Introduction to Archaeology

I. Definition &Components
II. Historiographical Trends
III. Research Methodologies
IV. Definition of Historical Sites &Explorations
V. Tools of research
VI. Documentation, Codification, Classification, Analysis of findings and
publications

References:

John.A. Bintliff, A Companion to Archaeology

D.R. Chakrabarti, A History of Indian Archaeology: From the Beginning to
1947,New Delhi, Manohar, 1988
M. Hall & WS.W. Silliman, Historical Archaeology, USA, Blackwell,2006
Mathew Johnson, Archaeological Theory: An Introduction, Blackwell
Publishing, New Edition,2010
Published Works by ASI
 87

Paper 6: .Documentation & Visual Culture

I. Conceptual Framework
II. Visual Culture: Colonial & Post Colonial Contexts
III. Politics of Documentation
IV. Methods of Documentation: Photographs, Films, Videos and digital

References:

Gayatri Sinha, ed, Art & Visual Culture in India: 1857-2007

Geeta Kapoor, When was Modernism-Essays on Cultural Practices inIndia,
Delh,Tulika Publications,2000
Publications by Sarai, CSDS,Rajpur Road, Delhi
 88

Paper 7: Orality and Oral Culture in India

I. Defining orality
II. History & Historiography of Orality
III. Life Histories: Sociological Aspects
IV. Research Methodologies
V. Documentation: Written &Visual

References:

Humphries: The Handbook of Oral History

H. Roberts. Ed. Doing Feminist Research, Routledge & KeganPaul,
London,1981
M.F.D. Knowledge & Control, London, 1971
John Miles Foley, Oral Formulaic-Theory: An Introduction & Annotated
Bibliography, New York & London: Garland, 1985
Veena Das,ed, Mirros of Violence: Communities, Riots & Survivors in South
Asia,Delhi,OUP,1990
Prasad M. Mahadeva, Ideology of the Hindi Film: A
HistoricalConstruction,Delhi,OUP,1998
Srirupa Roy,“The Post Colonial State &Visual Representations of India”
Contributions to Indian Sociology, 2006,36,1&2:233-263