Master Informatique / Parcours DSC Plan

1. Definitions
Multi-Agent Systems 2. Action Domains
3. Positioning
Introduction 4. “Vowels” Dimensions
5. Multi-Agent Engineering
Olivier Boissier 6. Perspectives …
Olivier.Boissier@emse.fr

© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne

1 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
2
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction

Multi-Agent Systems E-Alliance

Definitions Agent (in a Multi-Agent World) Definitions

Print-Shop Agent : physical or software, Environment

Alliance Goal: print
autonomous entity that is
pro-active, reactive,
reactive perception
Workshop Workshop Workshop social,
social able to take
U U U
C
part to an organised
C Contrat C1
N C A N A N A activity, in order to
Agent Platform
achieve its goals,
by interacting with action
A ‘‘Alliance’’ Agent C ‘‘Contract’’ Agent N ‘‘Negotiation’’ Agent U ‘‘User’’ Agent
Environment Interaction Organisation other agents and
Interaction
users
users.
Multi-Agent System (MAS) : set of agents, that interact with each
other, situated in a common environment, eventually, building or User
participating to, an organisation Organisation
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
3 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
4
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction
 Autonomous Agent (in a Multi-Agent World) Definitions Multi-Agent Systems Principles Definitions

• An agent X is autonomous Environment • The Agent perspective (micro perspective)

with respect to Y for O in Goal: print
• Reactive & Pro-Active entities / Encapsulation of control
situation S perception
• Y can be a user, another agent,
• Autonomy: agents may exhibit activities that are not the one
a group of agents, an expected by the other agents in the system
organisation, …
• Delegation: agents may receive some control over their activities
• O can be a goal, a plan, an
action, a resource, a norm, a
role, …
• The Multi-Agent System perspective (macro perspective)
It means that: • Distribution of knowledge, of resources, of reasoning/decision
capabilities
• agent X can decide locally of the action
adoption of O in situation S • Decentralization (loose coupling) of control, authority
• And Y has no certainty that X is Interaction • Agreement technologies, Coordination models and mechanisms to
going to adopt O in situation S
install coordination between the autonomous agents
à Loose coupling between User
agents • Emergent / Social order / Normative functioning
Organisation
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
5 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
6
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction

Plan MAS Action domains Action domains

• Socio-technical Systems
1. Definitions • Integration of software applications, with humans, organizations and the
physical world
2. Action Domains • Making them interoperate, interact, cooperate in a flexible and consistent
manner with each other
3. Positioning
4. “Vowels” Dimensions • Problem Solving
Modeling and solving problems by cooperation between local solvers
5. Multi-Agent Engineering •
• Installing top-down and/or bottom-up (emergent) solving process
6. Perspectives …
• Simulation
• Modeling and reproducing complex phenomena of interacting entities in the
real world in order to understand or to explain their behavior

© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne

7 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
8
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction
 Socio-Technical Systems (1) Socio-Technical Systems (2)
Action domains Action domains

• Industries, services, IT applications are getting global • Properties of the targeted applications:
• Placed at the centre of multiple networks • Absence of monolithic vision
• Developing Knowledge intensive processes • Incremental development, by different teams
• Based on large scale underlying IT platforms such as Internet, Web, Internet of • Multi-* (sites, expertise, domains, points of view, decisions, goals,
Things motivations, …)
• Continuous execution and adaptation
• Industries, services, IT applications are situated in an ever-evolving • User-Centred
environment
• Main requirements:
• Requiring efficient collaboration processes
• Openness, permeability, scalability in size or structure
• While keeping flexibility and agility
• Distribution, no central control, control and interaction are local
• Autonomous Interacting entities loosely coupled with others or applications
• Users are more and more at the centre of the cooperation and
• Knowledge Intensive processing and sharing
collaboration taking place in these socio-technical systems
• Users may delegate their decisions to the application

© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne

9 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
10
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction

Example (1/3) Action domains

Example (1/3) Action domains

Service Personnalisation

Plate Forme Agents (FIPA)

Agents
Médiateurs
Agents Utilisateurs
Agents Services Agent Agent
Utilisateur Profil

Agent Agent Agent

Source CLIMATE Industrial Workshop 26/4/99
Fournisseur Fournisseur Interface
Contenu Contenu
Italie Japon

Source CLIMATE Industrial Workshop 26/4/99

© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne

11 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
12
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction
 Example (2/3) Action domains
Example (2/3) Action domains

User-Centred Service Service Composition Semantic Web

Coordination Semantic Services Agent Technology
Description
Secured Execution and
monitoring of services

Source : CASCOM Source : CASCOM

FP6-IST-2 FP6-IST-2

© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne

13 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
14
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction

Example (3/3) Action domains

MAS Action domains Action domains

Adaptation & optimisation • Socio-technical Systems

Planification, coordination, optimisation along a
bottom-up approach
• Integration of software applications, with humans, organizations and the
• Responsibility Delegation physical world
• Communication between the nodes • Making them interoperate, interact, cooperate in a flexible and consistent
• Real time detection & reaction to changes manner with each other
• Adaptation to changes & continuous optimisation

• Problem Solving
• Modeling and solving problems by cooperation between local solvers
• Installing top-down and/or bottom-up (emergent) solving process
Planification, coordination, optimisation along
a top-down approach :
• Centralised collect and processing of
• Simulation
informations and events • Modeling and reproducing complex phenomena of interacting entities in the
• Propagation of plans & decisions real world in order to understand or to explain their behavior
• No realtime decision.
Source Whitestein Agent Technology Conference 2004
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
15 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
16
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction
 Problem Solving Action domains
Example (1/2) Action domains

• Properties of the targeted applications:

• Absence of global strategies, of global solving method
• Interaction between local strategies, between local solving
methods
• Solution is the result of the interaction between local processes
(points of view, decisions, goals, motivations, …)
• Continuous functioning and evolution

• Main requirements:
• Decentralisation, local control, interactions
• Openness, permeability, scalability in size or structure
Ferrand 97
• Shared and dynamic environment
• Emergence of the solution
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
17 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
18
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction

Example (1/2) Action domains

Example (2/2) Action domains

Design of Complex Systems

• Multi-Disciplinary Simulation & optimisation (ID4CS)
• Design of complex system :
• Multi-level, Multi-disciplinary
• Multi-methods
• Multi-objectives, Multi-attributes
• Uncertainty
• Cooperation methods between optimisation
technics,
i+1 i+2 • Management of uncertainty
i
i-1
i-2 • Multi-* problem solving
Ferrand 97 • Emergence

© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne

19 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
20
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction
 MAS Action domains Action domains
Example (1/2) Action domains

• Socio-technical Systems
• Integration of software applications, with humans, organizations and the
physical world In order to:
• Making them interoperate, interact, cooperate in a flexible and consistent
manner with each other

• Problem Solving
• Modeling and solving problems by cooperation between local solvers
• Installing top-down and/or bottom-up (emergent) solving process

• Simulation
• Modeling and reproducing complex phenomena of interacting entities in the Understand, Explain
real world in order to understand or to explain their behavior
Discover, …, Help,
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
21 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
22
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction

Example (1/2) Action domains

Example (2/2) Action domains

http://www.massivesoftware.com/
MANTA [Drogoul 93]
The Return of the King (2003)
The Two Towers (2002)
The Fellowship of the Ring (2001) I, Robot (2004)

Ratatouille
Organisation émergente (2007)

…, Entertainment
Conversational Zeno Robot
http://hansonrobotics.com/
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
23 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
24
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction
 Plan History – Major Steps Positioning

• 1980 : Agents in the Artificial Intelligence (AI) area

1. Contexte •From AI to Distributed AI …
… to Multi-Agent Systems
2. Definitions
3. Action Domains • 1990 : Agents are invading other domains
• Personal Assistants, avatars,
4. Positioning • Mobile Agents,
5. “Vowels” Dimensions • Reactive Agents, ….
6. Multi-Agent Engineering
• 1995 : Agents spread in other domains, Application
7. Perspectives … domains are enlarging
• Artificial Life, Economic Agents, …,
25
• …, Web, Ambient Computing, … 26
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne

History – Evolutions Positioning

Inter-Disciplinary Domain… Positioning

• 1973 - 1980:
• Hearsay II (1973): blackboard architecture for speech recognition • Direct Links with:
• Actor Languages (1973): messages as control structures
• Beings (1975), Society of Minds (1978)
• Programming, Objects...
• Artificial Intelligence,
• 1980 - 1990:
• Contract Net (1980): hierarchical decentralized control
• Distributed Systems, Parallelism,
• DVMT (1984): Distributed Interpretation
• Subsumption architecture (1986) : Reactive Robots
• MACE (1987): multi-agent platforms • But also:
• 1990 - … :
• Complex System (physics, …, ethology, ecology, …)
• Self-organisation, emergence, Interactions, organisations, reputation, trust, • Artificial Life, Neural networks, …
Agent Oriented Software Engineering, …
• In 1995, first international conference ICMAS, • Social Psychology, Sociology, Activity Theory,
• since 2002, Autonomous Agents + MAS -> AAMAS Economy, ...
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
27 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
28
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction
 Direct Inheritance Positioning
Multi-Agent vs Objects Positioning

• Object Oriented Programming: •An agent, as an object, encapsulates a state and

• Encapsulation, modularity : an object encapsulate data and behaviors
methods that manage them (ex : C++, Java, Smalltalk), BUT:
• Distribution : Distributed objects, CORBA, DCOM • An agent encapsulates its control over its behaviors; an object
• à Actor Languages Development has only control over its state
• Interactions among agents have a broader scope than the
• Artificial Intelligence: method calls between objects. Interactions consist in goals,
• Symbolic Reasoning Models (Expert systems, Knowledge plans, actions, hypothesis exchanges
Representation), logic, … • An agent may have different control cycles (data-directed, goal-
• distribution : Blackboard Architectures directed, interaction-directed, …)
• A MAS has several control flows. An Object system has, a priori,
only one control flow.
• Distributed Systems
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
29 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
30
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction

Multi-Agent vs Artificial Intelligence (1) Multi-Agent vs Artificial Intelligence (2)

Positioning Positioning

Mono-agent perspective of Artificial Intelligence

Ex. dependence networks
is pushed away

goals:
➨ Knowledge, Goals, C

Actions gain a social actions : put_on goals: A actions : clear

dimension B

A
C
B Ag3

Ag1
Ag2

© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne

31 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
32
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction
 Multi-Agent vs Artificial Intelligence (3) Multi-Agent vs Artificial Intelligence (4)
Positioning Positioning

Social Knowledge Social Interaction

Ag3 external description:
goals: on(A,B), actions: clear
resources: A, plans: on(A,B):=clear(C), Hello Ag1, I need your
put_on(A,B) action ‘‘put_on’’
Ag1 external description:
To set A on B, just do it!!!
goals: on(C,Table), actions: put_on
resources: B plans: on(C,Table):=clear(C)
...
A action dép. A
C put_on C
B Ag3 B Ag3 Command(Ag3,Ag1, put_on(A,B))
Ag1 Ag1
Ag2 Ag2

© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne

33 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
34
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction

Multi-Agent vs Distributed Systems Positioning A Large Domain!!! Positioning

• Both take into account interconnection and distribution From Autonomous Agents to Multi-Agent Systems
• Autonomous Robots
• In MAS, Interconnection and Distribution are concerned • Personal Assistants
by: • Desktop Agents
• The requirement of taking into account the agent autonomy, of
developing synchronization and coordination mechanisms to
• Softbots, Knowbots
coordinate their activities • Mobile Agents
• The requirement to represent and take into account the user • Reactive Agents
interests
• Intelligent Agents, Cooperative Agents, Conversational
• The requirement to cooperate and to achieve agreements (or Agents
even compete) with other systems aiming at achieving their own
interests. • Autonomous Agent in a multi-agent world

© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne

35 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
36
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction
 Plan To continue …
• General references
• Pitfalls of Agent-Oriented Development, M. Wooldridge, N.R. Jennings, Agents ’98, 1998.
1. Definitions • Foundations of Distributed Artificial Intelligence, G.M.P. Hoare, N.R. Jennings, Wiley & Sons,
1996
2. Action Domains • Les systèmes multi-agents, J. Ferber, InterEditions, 1995
• Multiagent Systems: A Modern Approach to Distributed Artificial Intelligence,
3. Positioning •
edited by Gerhard Weiss, MIT Press, 1999. ISBN 0-262-23203-0
Principes et architectures des Systèmes Multi-Agents, J.P. Briot, Y. Demazeau, IC2, Hermès,

4. “Vowels” Dimensions •
2001
Some standards
5. Multi-Agent Engineering •
•
Knowledge Sharing Effort http://www.cs.umbc.edu/kse/
OMG Agent Working Group http://www.objs.com/isig/agent.html

6. Perspectives … •

•
FIPA http://www.fipa.org
W3C http://www.w3.org
• Some general adresses
• Collège SMA de l’AFIA : http://sma.lip6.fr
• AgentLink : http://www.agentlink.org
• AgentCities : http://www.agentcities.org
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
85 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
86
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction

Multi-Agent Modeling Domain Overview (1/2)

• International Conferences
• Multi-model : – International Conference on Multi-Agent System (ICMAS) de 1995 à 2000,
– International Conference on Autonomous Agents and MultiAgent Systems
• Articulation of different formalisms (AAMAS) depuis 2002. (http://www.aamas-conference.org/)

• Multi-viewpoints : • French Conferences

– Journées Francophones SMA (http://www.cerv.fr/jfsma08/)
• Extern/intern, system centred/agent centred – Collège SMA de l’AFIA (http://sma.lip6.fr/)
• Multiple views on a shared world • European Projects
– AgentLink (réseau d’excellence www.agentlink.org), Roadmap (www.agentlink.org/
• Multi-levels roadmap)
• Via organisations, via the environment (MAS) • Some ‘‘Success Stories’’
– Brahms (agentsolutions http://agentsolutions.com/home.htm) @ NASA Ames
• Multi-scales Research Center
– Living Systems (Whitestein technologies http://www.whitestein.com) @ ABX
• temporal, spatial, … Logistics
– eSTAR (http://www.estar.org.uk/) intelligent robotic telescope network
– CalicoJack (http://www.calicojack.co.uk/)
– Review of Industrial Deployment of Multi-Agent Systems http://agents.felk.cvut.cz/
teaching/33ui2/on-aplications.pdf
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
87 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
91
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction
 Panorama

Domain Overview (2/2) Domain Overview (3/3)

• Standards • Journals
• Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems
• FIPA (Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents) • Artificial Intelligence
(http://www.fipa.org/) • Knowledge Engineering Review
International Journal of Agent-Oriented
• Competitions •
Software Engineering (IJAOSE)
• http://www.robocup.org/ • Web Intelligence and Agent Systems
An International Journal
• News
• http://www.rescuesystem.org/robocuprescue/ • Agent List
• http://www.cs.umbc.edu/agentslist/
• Distributed Artificial Intelligence List
•
• DAI-List-Request@ece.sc.edu
http://tac.eecs.umich.edu/association.html • French list
• sma@loria.fr
• http://sma.lip6.fr/
• http://www.lips.utexas.edu/art-testbed/
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
92 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
93
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction

Bibliography Bibliography
• [Agre 87] Agre, P. E. and D. Chapman (1987). " Pengi: An Implementation of a Theory of Activity" . • [Demazeau 95] Y.Demazeau: From interactions to collective behaviour in agent-based systems. In
AAAI-87. The Sixth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Menlo Park, CA., Morgan Kaufman, Proc. of the 1st European Conf. on Cognitive Science, Saint Malo, France, April, 1995, p. 117-132.
Los Altos, CA
• [Demolombe & Lorini, 08] R. Demolombe and E. Lorini, Trust and norms in the context of computer
• [Bayardo 97] R.J. Bayardo et al.. InfoSleuth: Agent-Based semantic integration of information in open security: a logical formalization. Proc of DEON’08, LNAI, 1998.
and dynamic environments. Proc. ACM SIGMOD Intern. Conf. on Management of Data, 1997.
• [Durfee 97] Durfee, E. H., Kiskis, D. L., and Birmingham, W.P., "The Agent Architecture of the
• [Brooks 86] R. Brooks, J.H. Connel: Asynchronous Distributed Control System for a mobile robot, University of Michigan Digital Library", IEE/British Computer Society Proceedings on Software
SPIE 727 Mobile Robots, 1986 Engineering (Special Issue on Intelligent Agents) 144(1), February 1997.
• [Bura 91] "Eco-Résolution: un Modèle de Résolution par Interactions" Bura S., Drogoul A., Ferber J. • [Esteva 01] Marc Esteva, Julian A. Padget, Carles Sierra: Formalizing a Language for Institutions and
& Jacopin E. Actes de RFIA, Lyon, 1991. Norms. ATAL 2001: 348-366
• [Carabelea 04] Cosmin Carabelea, Olivier Boissier, Cristiano Castelfranchi: Using Social Power to • [Esteva 04] Marc Esteva, Bruno Rosell, Juan A. Rodríguez-Aguilar, Josep Lluís Arcos: AMELI: An
Enable Agents to Reason About Being Part of a Group. ESAW 2004: 166-177 Agent-Based Middleware for Electronic Institutions. AAMAS 2004: 236-243
• [Casare & Sichman, 05] S. J. Casare and J. S. Sichman, Towards a functional ontology of reputation, • [Fasli 04] : M. Fasli et M. Michalakopoulos, « e-Game: a generic auction platform supporting
Proceedings of AAMAS’05, 2005. customizable market games », IAT 2004.
• [Castelfranchi & Falcone, 98] C. Castelfranchi and R. Falcone, Principles of trust for MAS: Cognitive • [Ferber 98] Jacques Ferber, Olivier Gutknecht: A Meta-Model for the Analysis and Design of
anatomy, social importance and quantification. Proc of ICMAS’98, pages 72-79, 1998. Organizations in Multi-Agent Systems. ICMAS 1998: 128-135
• [Chavez 96] K. Chavez, P. Maes, Kasbah: an agent marketplace for buying and selling goods. • [Finin 97] KQML as an agent communication language Tim Finin, Yannis Labrou, and James
Proceedings of PAAM'96, Practical Application Mayfield, in Jeff Bradshaw (Ed.), ``Software Agents'', MIT Press, Cambridge, to appear, (1997)
• [Conte & Paolucci, 02] R. Conte and M. Paolucci, Reputation in Artificial Societies. Social Beliefs for • [FIPA 02] http://www.fipa.org/repository/aclspecs.html
Social Order, Kluwer Academic Publishers, G. Weiss (eds), Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 2002.
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
94 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
95
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction
 Bibliography Bibliography
• [Fullam et al, 05] K. Fullam, T. Klos, G. Muller, J. Sabater-Mir, A. Schlosser, Z. Topol, S. Barber, J. • [Klusch 00] M. Klusch: Information Agent Technology for the Internet: A Survey. Journal Data &
Rosenschein, L. Vercouter and M. Voss, A Specification of the Agent Reputation and Trust (ART) Knowledge Engineering, Kluwer Academic, 36(3), 2000
Testbed: Experimentation and Competition for Trust in Agent Societies, Proceedings of AAMAS’05,
2005. • [Klusch 96] Klusch, M., Shehory, O., 1996, Coalition Formation Among Rational Information Agents,
1996, Proc. of MAAMAW, Eindhoven, LNAI Series Vol. 1038:204-217, Springer-Verlag
• [Gandon 02] Fabien Gandon, Laurent Berthelot, Rose Dieng-Kuntz, A Multi-Agent Platform for a
Corporate Semantic Web, AAMAS 2002, 6th International Conference on Autonomous Agents, 5th • [Klusch 99] M. Klusch (ed.): Intelligent Information Agents. Springer, 1999
International Conference on Multi-Agents Systems, 9th International Workshop on Agent Theories • [Klush 01] M. Klusch (ed.) Special issue on Intelligent Information Agents: Theory and Applications,
Architectures and Languages, Eds Castelfranchi C., Johnson W.L., p. 1025-1032, July 15-19, 2002, Intelligent Cooperative Information Systems, vol. 10(1&2), March 2001
Bologna, Italy.
• [Léger 99] Alain Léger, Marie-Pierre Gleizes, Hans Joachim Einsiedler. ABROSE : A Co-operative
• [Gateau 06] Benjamin Gâteau: Using a Normative Organisational Model to Specify and Manage an Multi-Agent Based Framework for Electronic Marketplace. Dans : InfoWin, ACTS Project Infowin
Institution for Multi-agent Systems. EUMAS 2006 (AC113), Vol. -, p. 21-36, 1999.
• [Gutknecht 00] Olivier Gutknecht, Jacques Ferber: MadKit: a generic multi-agent platform. Agents • [Maes 04] P. Maes, Agents that reduce work and information overload, Communications of the ACM,
2000: 78-79 Vol. 37, no. 7, July 1994, special issue on Intelligent Agents.
• [Herzig et al, 08] A. Herzig, E. Lorini, J. F. Hubner, J. Ben-Naim, C. Castelfranchi, R. Demolombe, D. • [Maes 90] Maes, P. (1990). "Situated Agents Can have Goals." Designing Autonomous Agents .
Longin and L. Vercouyter. Prolegomena for a logic of trust and reputation, submitted to Normas 08. Maes, P. (Ed.). Cambridge, MA., MIT Press: 49-70.
• [Hubner 02] Jomi Fred Hübner, Jaime Simão Sichman, Olivier Boissier: A Model for the Structural, • [McBurney 03] P. McBurney et S. Parsons, « Dialogue Game Protocols », Communication in
Functional, and Deontic Specification of Organizations in Multiagent Systems. SBIA 2002: 118-128 Multiagent Systems, M.-P. Huget (ed.), LNCS 2650, 2003.
• [Hubner 05] Jomi Fred Hübner, Jaime Simão Sichman, Olivier Boissier: S-MOISE+: A Middleware for • [Mui et al., 02] L. Mui and M. Mohtashemi and A. Halberstadt, Notions of Reputation in Multi-agent
Developing Organised Multi-agent Systems. AAMAS Workshops 2005: 64-78 Systems: A Review, Proceedings of Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (AAMAS'02), p.
• [Hubner 07] Jomi Fred Hübner, Jaime Simão Sichman, Olivier Boissier: Developing organised 280-287, 2002, C. Castelfranchi and W.L. Johnson (eds), Bologna, Italy, July, ACM Press, New York,
multiagent systems using the MOISE. IJAOSE 1(3/4): 370-395 (2007) NY, United States of America.
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
96 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
97
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction

Bibliography Bibliography
• [Muller & Vercouter, 05] G. Muller and L. Vercouter, Decentralized Monitoring of Agent • [Sichman 94] Jaime Simão Sichman, Rosaria Conte, Cristiano Castelfranchi, Yves Demazeau: A
Communication with a Reputation Model, Trusting Agents for trusting Electronic Societies, LNCS Social Reasoning Mechanism Based On Dependence Networks. ECAI 1994: 188-192
3577, 2005.
• [Smith 80] : R.G. Smith, « The contract net protocol: High-level communication and control in a
• [Muller 08] G. Muller, L. Vercouter, Trust and Reputation, cours EASSS 08 distributed problem solver », IEEE Transactions on Computers, C29 (12), 1980.
• [Nodine 99] M. Nodine and J. Fowler. An overview of active information gathering in Infosleuth. Proc. • [Sycara 00] K. Sycara, S. Widoff, M. Klusch, J. Lu: LARKS: Dynamic Matchmaking Among
Intern. Conference on Autonomous Agents, USA, 1999. Heterogeneous Software Agents in Cyberspace. Journal on Autonomous Agents and Multi- Agent
Systems, Kluwer, 2000
• [Parsons 03] S. Parsons et P. McBurney, « Argumentation-based Communication between Agents »,
Communication in Multiagent Systems, M.-P. Huget (ed.), LNCS 2650, 2003. • [Sycara 99] K. Sycara: In-context information management through adaptive collaboration of
intelligent agents. In M. Klusch (ed.), Intelligent Information Agents, Springer, 1999.
• [Pynadath 03] David V. Pynadath, Milind Tambe: An Automated Teamwork Infrastructure for
Heterogeneous Software Agents and Humans. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 7(1-2): • [Tambe 98] Milind Tambe: Implementing Agent Teams in Dynamic Multiagent Environments. Applied
71-100 (2003) Artificial Intelligence 12(2-3): 189-210 (1998)
• [Rao 95] A. S. Rao and M. P. Georgeff, BDI-agents: from theory to practice, Proceedings of the First • [Terziyan 07] Vagan Terziyan, MIT Department, University of Jyvaskyla, AI Department, Kharkov
Intl. Conference on Multiagent Systems, 1995 National University of Radioelectronics http://www.cs.jyu.fi/ai/vagan/index.html
• [Ricci 07] Alessandro Ricci, Mirko Viroli, Andrea Omicini. "Give Agents their Artifacts": The A&A • [Van Elst 01] Ludger van Elst and Andreas Abecker: Ontology-Related Services in Agent-Based
Approach for Engineering Working Environments in MAS. 6th International Joint Conference Distributed Information Infrastructures. In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on
"Autonomous Agents & Multi-Agent Systems" (AAMAS 2007) Software Engineering & Knowledge Engineering, June 13-15, 2001, Buenos Aires, Argentina, pp.
79-85.
• [Russel 91] Stuart Russell and Eric Wefald. Do The Right Thing. The MIT Press, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, 1991 • [Walton 07] Christopher Walton. Agency and the Semantic Web. Oxford University Press, 2007.
• [Shardanand 95] U. Shardanand, P. Maes (1995): Social Information Filtering: Algorithms for • [Weyns 06] Danny Weyns, Tom Holvoet: A Reference Architecture for Situated Multiagent Systems.
Automating ``Word of Mouth'', In: Proceedings of the CHI '95 E4MAS 2006: 1-40
© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
98 © O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne
99
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction
 Bibliography
• [Wurman 98] : P. Wurman, M. Wellman et W. Walsh, « The Michigan Internet AuctionBot: a
configurable auction server for human and software agents », Autonomous Agents 1998.
• [Zeng 97] Zeng, D. and Sycara, K. (1997). Benefits of Learning in Negotiation, In: Proceedings of
AAAI-97
• E-Game : http://csres43.essex.ac.uk:8080/elearn/eg/

© O. Boissier MINES Saint-Etienne

100
Multi-Agent Systems: Introduction