ANIMAL

KINGDOM
Revision
In
30 minutes
 General features
Level of organisation

Po N H
E Ch
P12
Co Ct
e
↓ ↓
↓
cellulat Tissue organ Organister
 General features
Germ layers
R H
E Ch
Let me
P Ar

2-diploblastic 3-triploblastic
Coelom
Po Co Ct P1 As H
E Ch

WePseudo
Loclomates
Acoelomates coclomates
 General features
Symmetry
datadic
↑

a0
n i ch

Asymmetic
radial Bilateral
Segmentation

chordate
Annelida, Arthropode,
-
-
 General features
Digestive Respiratory Circulatory Excretory Sexual Development
Phylum system System system organs dimorphism
Fertilisation
/ Larva
-

Water
Porifera Incomplete Absent Absent canal Monoecious Internal Indirect
system
-
- - ~ I

~
-

Body Indirect
Coelenterata Incomplete Absent Absent Monoecious External
surface (Planula) -
~
~ -
~
~
~

Indirect
Body
Ctenophora Incomplete Absent Absent Monoecious Internal (Cydippid↳
surface
larva)
~ -

~ ~ ↑ &
 General features
Digestive Respiratory Circulatory Excretory Sexual Development
Phylum system System system organs dimorphism
Fertilisation
/ Larva

⑳0-
Platy- Flame Herma-
Incomplete Absent Absent Internal Indirect
helminthes Cells phrodite
- ~ -
-

Asche- Renette
Complete Absent Absent Dioecious Internal Both
lminthes - cells - -
- -
-

Indirect
Complete Body Herma-
Annelida Closed Nephridia External (Trocho-
surface phrodite
- - -
-- -
- phore)

-
 General features
Sexual
Digestive Respiratory Circulatory Excretory Development/
Phylum system System system organs
dimorphis Fertilisation
Larva
m

~
- Malpighian
tubules
Gills, Book
Coxal
Arthropoda Complete Lungs, Open Dioecious Both Both
Glands,
Book gills -
Green - -

glands

Complete
Greather
Gills
Organs of
Direct
(Octopus) ~
Mollusca (Mantle Open Dioecious External
Bojanus Indirect
cavity)
-
-
(Snail/oyster)
~
~
 General features
Digestive Respiratory Circulatory Excretory Sexual Development/
Phylum system System system organs dimorphism
Fertilisation
Larva

Echino-
dermata
Complete
- ()Water
Vascular
system
Open
Water
Vascular
system
Dioecious
-
External
-
Indirect
-

Hemi- Complete Proboscis Indirect

Gills Open Dioecious External
chordata Glands (Tornaria)~
~ - - - -
Neural
Chordata
Complete

-
Lungs Closed glands,
Kidneys
Dioecious
a
Internal
-
IBoth

-
~ -
 Distinctive features
Phylum DISTINCTIVE FEATURES Example

★ ~Sycon (Scypha),
★ Water canal system - Ostia
★ ~Spongilla (Freshwater
Porifera - Spongocoel - Osculum
sponge)
★ Choanocytes
★ Euspongia (Bath sponge)
-
↑

Robelia
★ Physalia (Portuguese
man-of-war)
★ Cnidoblasts ★ Adamsia (Sea anemone)
Coelenterata -

Sexually
★ Polyp & Medusa ★ Pennatula (Sea-pen)
Gorgonia (Sea-fan)
I
★
Asexual ★ Meandrina (Brain coral)

★ Comb plates for

★ Pleurobrachia -
Ctenophora locomotion *
★ Ctenoplana
★ Bioluminescence
/

-
 Distinctive features
Phylum DISTINCTIVE FEATURES Example
-
★ Flatworms ★ Taenia (Tapeworm)
Platyhelminthes
★ Hooks & suckers ★- Fasciola (Liver fluke)

★-Ascaris (Roundworm)
★ Wuchereria (Filarial
★ Roundworms
Aschelminthes ~worm)
★ Muscular pharynx
-
- ★ ~Ancylostoma
(Hookworm)

★ Nereis
★ Body surface is distinctly
★ Pheretima (Earthworm)
Annelida marked out into segments
★ Hirudinaria (Blood
or metameres
-
sucking leech)
dia
Parapp
 Distinctive features
Phylum DISTINCTIVE FEATURES Example
-
★ Apis (Honey bee),

largest ★
★
★
Bombyx (Silkworm), ~
Laccifer (Lac insect)
Anopheles
~

Chitinous Exoskeleton
W

★
Arthropoda ★ Culex
Jointed appendages
/

★
★ Aedes(Mosquitoes)
-

★ Locusta (Locust)
★ Living fossil – Limulus (King
crab)

zerget
★ Pila (Apple snail)
★ Pinctada (Pearl oyster)
★ Sepia (Cuttlefish)
★ Calcareous shell with head,
★ Loligo (Squid)
Mollusca muscular foot & visceral
★ Octopus (Devil fish)
hump.
★ Aplysia (Sea hare)
★ Dentalium (Tusk shell)
★ Chaetopleura (Chiton)
 Distinctive features
Phylum DISTINCTIVE FEATURES Example

★ Asterias (Star fish)

Echinodermata
★
★
C
Water vascular system S
Adult - Radial symmetry
★
★
Echinus (Sea urchin),
Antedon (Sea lily),
★ Larvae - Bilateral symmetry ★ Cucumaria (Sea cucumber)
★ Ophiura (Brittle star)

Worm-like with proboscis , Balanoglossus and

Hemichordata
★
collar and trunk. Stomochord ★
Saccoglossus

★ Notochord
Chordata ★ Dorsal hollow nerve cord, -
★ Paired Pharyngeal gill slits

NPP
VD
 Chordata

Protochordates
- Vertebrata

Urochordata or ★ Notochord is replaced by

Cephalochordata
Tunicata a cartilaginous or bony
vertebral column

★ Notochord ★ Notochord extends ★ Muscular heart with two,

is present only from head to tail three or four chambers
in larval tail region and is ★ Kidneys for excretion and
persistent osmoregulation
★ Ascidia throughout their life ★ Paired appendages (fins
★ Salpa or limbs)
★ Doliolum ★~Branchiostoma
(Amphioxus or
Lancelet)
VERTEBRATA
Cyclostomata
-

★ -
6-15 pairs of gill slits
★ Marine but migrate for
spawning to fresh water.
Their larvae, after
metamorphosis, return to
the ocean

★~ Petromyzon (Lamprey)
and Myxine (Hagfish)
-
 Difference between CHONDRICHTHYES &
OSTEICHTHYES

CHONDRICHTHYES OSTEICHTHYES

➢ Marine, streamlined body. ➢ Marine and freshwater, Streamlined

- body -

➢ Cartilaginous endoskeleton ➢ Bony endoskeleton

-
-

➢ 5 to 7 Pairs of Gill slits are separate without

-
➢ 4 pair of gills covered by operculum.
operculum.
-
-

➢ Alimentary canal opens into cloaca ➢ Alimentary canal opens into Anus
- -

➢ Air bladder is absent, hence to avoid ➢ Air bladder is present,

-
sinking swims constantly. -

➢ Heart is two chambered, Poikilothermous. ➢ Heart is two chambered,

- Poikilothermous.
-
 Difference between CHONDRICHTHYES &
OSTEICHTHYES

CHONDRICHTHYES OSTEICHTHYES

➢ Sexes separate. Males have pelvic fins ➢ Sexes are separate

-
which bear claspers.
-

➢ Tough skin with minute placoid scales. ➢ Skin is covered with scales (Cycloid,
-
ctenoid) -
-

➢ Internal fertilisation ➢ External fertilisation

↑

➢ viviparous. /
➢ oviparous S

➢ ~Electric
organ is present in Torpedo and -

~
Poison sting in Trygon

➢ Sexes separate. Males have pelvic fins ➢ Sexes are separate

which bear claspers.
 Difference between CHONDRICHTHYES &
OSTEICHTHYES

CHONDRICHTHYES OSTEICHTHYES

➢
➢
Scoliodon (Dog fish)
Pristis (Saw fish)
➢
➢
Exocoetus (Flying fish)
Hippocampus (Sea horse) 3 marine.
➢ Carcharodon (Great white shark) ➢ Labeo (Rohu)
➢ Trygon (Stingray) ➢ Catla (Katla)
3 Freshwaternavium
Clarias (Magur)
Torpedo
➢
➢
➢ 3 Aq
Betta (Fighting fish)
Pterophyllum (Angel fish)
 - TETRAPODA

Amphibia Reptilia Aves Mammals

Mostly terrestrial,
Living Aquatic as well as Mostly terrestrial Presence of
a few can fly and
region terrestrial habitat. animals. - feathers for flying.
- - live in water.-

Forelimb is
Limb two pair if
Limbs Two pairs of limbs modified into Two pair of limbs.
- present. -
wings. - -
Skin is dry without Skin possesses
Dry and cornified
Moist skin without glands. Long hairs. Mammary
Skin skin having scale
scales. - bones are hollow gland is present
or scute. -
with air cavities.
-
to produce milk.2

Respiration gills, lungs or skin. lungs. lungs. lungs.

~
- ~ ~
 TETRAPODA

Amphibia
Poiklothermal
Reptilia Aves
-Fomeotherms
Mammals

Three chambered,
Three chambered, four chambered
Heart Crocodile - four chambered.
cold blooded. warm blooded.
-
↑

- 4-chambered
- -
- -

Ovi/ Viviparous or
Oviparous Oviparous Oviparous
Viviparity Oviparous.
~ ~
-
 Examples

Amphibia Reptilia Aves Mammals

★
~ Ornithorhynchus
★
~ Chelone(Turtle) (Platypus)
★
~
Testudo (Tortoise) ★ Corvus (Crow) ★ Macropus (Kangaroo)
Chameleon (Tree Columba Pteropus (Flying fox)
-
★ ★ ★
- lizard) (Pigeon) ★ Camelus (Camel)
-

★ ~
Bufo (Toad)
★ Calotes (Garden ★ Psittacula ★ Macaca (Monkey)
★ Rana (Frog) - ~
lizard) (Parrot) Rattus (Rat)
-
★
★ Hyla (Tree frog)
★~ Crocodilus Struthio Canis (Dog)
~
★ ★
★ Salamandra
(Crocodile) (Ostrich) ★ Felis (Cat)
(Salamander)
★ Alligator (Alligator) ★ Pavo ~ ★ Elephas (Elephant)
★ Ichthyophis
★ Hemidactylus(Wall (Peacock), ★ Equus (Horse)
(Limbless -lizard) ★ Aptenodytes ★ Delphinus (Common
amphibia)
- ★ Poisonous snakes – (Penguin) dolphin)
~ Naja (Cobra) ★ Neophron ★ Balaenoptera (Blue
★M Bangarus (Krait) (Vulture) whale)
★ Vipera (Viper) ★ Panthera tigris (Tiger)
~
★ Panthera leo (Lion