Material Handling

MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT’S
RAYA UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
MATERIAL HANDLING GROUP ASSGINMENT
PREPARED BY:
NO NAME ID STREAM
1 HAGOS GODIFAY 05193/12 THERMAL
2 GEBRE ARAYA 05134/12 THERMAL
3 ABDUSHUKUR WABELLA 04791/12 THERMAL
4 ZEMICHEAL TADIWOS 05733/12 THERMAL
SUBMITTED TO: MIS ELSA
MAY 2024
MAICHEW, TGRAY, ETHIOPIA
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURE........................................................................................................................................................................ II
MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT’S ........................................................................................................................... 1
1 Introduction to material handling equipment’s ............................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Industrial Vehicles/Trucks: ........................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1.1 Forklifts ................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1.2 Pallet jacks ............................................................................................................................................................. 3
1.1.3 -Tow tractors ........................................................................................................................................................ 4
1.1.4 Electric pallet trucks .......................................................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Conveyors:....................................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.2.2 Roller conveyors ................................................................................................................................................. 9
1.2.3 Chain conveyors ................................................................................................................................................ 11
1.2.4 Screw conveyors ............................................................................................................................................... 12
1.2.5 Gravity conveyors ............................................................................................................................................. 14
1. 3. Hoisting Equipment: ................................................................................................................................................ 16
1.3.1 Cranes (overhead, gantry, jib) ............................................................................................................................... 18
1.3.2 Vacuum lifters .................................................................................................................................................... 19
1.3.3 Magnetic lifters .................................................................................................................................................. 21
1.4. Robotic Handling Systems ...................................................................................................................................... 24
1.4.1 Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) ........................................................................................................... 26
1.4.2 Robotic arms ....................................................................................................................................................... 28
1.4.3 Pick and place robots ...................................................................................................................................... 30
1.4.4 Palletizing robots, sorting robots and Packaging robots.................................................................. 32
1.5. Other Material Handling Equipment: .................................................................................................................. 33
1.5.1 Storage racks (pallet racks, cantilever racks, drive-in racks .......................................................... 33
1.5.3 Conveyor systems (sortation systems, accumulation systems) .................................................... 35
1.5.4 Dock equipment and Packaging equipment .......................................................................................... 35
Summary.................................................................................................................................................................................. 36
Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................................................. 37
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page I

LIST OF FIGURE
Figure 1 Forklift Truck ............................................................................................................................................................ 2
Figure 2 Pallet jacks ................................................................................................................................................................. 4
Figure 3 Tow tractors ............................................................................................................................................................... 5
Figure 4 Electric pallet trucks ................................................................................................................................................ 6
Figure 5 Conveyors: ................................................................................................................................................................ 6
Figure 6Belt conveyors............................................................................................................................................................ 9
Figure 7 Roller conveyors .................................................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 8 Chain conveyors ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
Figure 9 Screw conveyors .................................................................................................................................................... 12
Figure 10 Gravity conveyors .............................................................................................................................................. 14
Figure 11 Hoisting Equipment ............................................................................................................................................ 16
Figure 12 Vacuum lifters ...................................................................................................................................................... 20
Figure 13Magnetic lifters...................................................................................................................................................... 22
Figure 14 Robotic Handling Systems ............................................................................................................................... 25
Figure 15Automated guided vehicles................................................................................................................................ 27
Figure 16 Robotic arms ......................................................................................................................................................... 29
Figure 17 Pick and place robots .......................................................................................................................................... 31
Figure 18 Palletizing robots, sorting robots and Packaging robots ......................................................................... 33
Figure 19 Shelving Systems: ............................................................................................................................................... 35
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page II


1 INTRODUCTION TO MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT’S
Material handling equipment refers to a diverse array of tools, machinery, and systems designed
to facilitate the movement, storage, protection, and control of materials and products within the
supply chain. This equipment is essential across various industries, including manufacturing,
warehousing, distribution, and logistics, where it significantly contributes to operational
efficiency and safety.
The primary purpose of material handling equipment is to streamline the processes of

transporting, storing, and managing goods, thereby reducing manual labor, minimizing product
damage, and optimizing space utilization. From forklifts and conveyors to automated guided
vehicles and packaging equipment, these tools play a critical role in enhancing productivity and
ensuring the smooth flow of materials throughout the entire supply chain.
By utilizing material handling equipment effectively, businesses can improve their operational
efficiency, reduce costs, and create safer working environments for their employees. As such,
understanding the different types of material handling equipment and their applications is crucial
for organizations seeking to enhance their overall supply chain management.
1.1 INDUSTRIAL VEHICLES/TRUCKS:
1.1.1 FORKLIFTS
Forklift is a small industrial vehicle, having a power operated forked platform attached at the
front that can be raised and lowered for insertion under a cargo to lift or move it. Forklifts serve
the needs of various industries including warehouses and other large storage facilities.
Forklifts are powered by electric battery or combustion engines. Some Forklifts allow the
operators to sit while driving and operating the machine while others require the operator to
stand. It is being extensively used throughout the industry for transporting materials and goods.
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 1

FIGURE 1 FORKLIFT TRUCK
Forklifts are valuable tools for various industries, but understanding their advantages and
disadvantages is crucial for making informed decisions. Here are some common advantages and
disadvantages of forklifts.
Advantages of Forklifts:
 Efficiency and Productivity: Forklifts significantly improve material handling

efficiency and productivity compared to manual labor. They can lift and transport
heavy loads quickly and over short distances, saving time and manpower.
 Versatility: Forklifts can handle various tasks beyond just lifting pallets. With
different attachments, they can push, pull, stack, and even sweep, making them multi-
functional tools for diverse warehouse and construction operations.
 Improved Space Utilization: Forklifts allow for better space utilization in warehouses
by facilitating vertical storage and maximizing overhead space. This can increase
available floor space for other uses.
 Reduced Manual Labor: By taking over heavy lifting tasks, forklifts reduce the risk
of back injuries and muscle strain for workers, leading to a safer and healthier work
environment.

 Cost Savings: While having some initial investment and maintenance costs, the
overall efficiency and productivity gains offered by forklifts can lead to significant cost
savings in the long run.
Disadvantages of Forklifts:
 Safety Concerns: Operating forklifts improperly can lead to serious accidents,

including overturning, collisions, and load drops. Ensuring proper training,
supervision, and adherence to safety regulations is crucial.
 Limited Operating Range: Forklifts are primarily designed for short-distance
movement within warehouses or construction sites. Their maneuverability can be
limited in tight spaces or uneven terrain.
 High Overhead Costs: Forklifts can be expensive to purchase, maintain, and operate.
Costs include fuel, repairs, battery replacements (for electric models), and insurance.
 Skill and Training Requirements: Operating a forklift safely requires skill and
proper training. Companies must invest in training programs for operators to ensure
safe and efficient use.
 Environmental Impact: Fuel-powered forklifts contribute to air pollution and
greenhouse gas emissions. Electric forklifts, while quieter and emission-free, have
battery disposal and charging infrastructure considerations.
ATI Construction Products understands the importance of choosing the right forklift for your
needs. We offer a wide range of high-quality forklifts, from electric to gas-powered models,
along with various attachments and safety equipment. We can also provide training and
consultation services to help you choose, operate, and maintain your forklifts safely and
efficiently.
1.1.2 PALLET JACKS

A pallet jack is the most basic form of forklift and is intended to move pallets in a warehouse or
trailer. Pallet jacks are some of the most essential tools found in warehouses and are used for

transporting small loads for short distances.
FIGURE 2 PALLET JACKS
Main type of pallet jack...
 Manual Pallet Jack.. ..

 Electric Pallet Jack. ...
 Rider Pallet Jack. ...
 Center Rider Pallet Jack. ...
 Weighing Scale Pallet Jack. ...
 Low Profile Pallet Jack. ...
 All-Terrain Pallet Jack. ...
 Adjustable Pallet Jack.
1.1.3 -TOW TRACTORS

An Industrial Tow Tractor is a piece of equipment capable of transporting the heaviest loads
horizontally through any warehouse or distribution center. Its powerful, ergonomic, and durable
design allows operators to increase their run time, so they can efficiently transport materials from
one end of their facility to the other, all while remaining comfortably productive

FIGURE 3 TOW TRACTORS
Advantages of Toyota's Industrial Tow Tractor include:
 Battery Gate Interlocks- remind operators to place the battery in the proper location before
operating the forklift
 Cold Storage Conditioning- protects components from condensation and cold temperatures
 Operator Compartment Sensor- reinforces operator training by encouraging operators to stand in
the operator compartment
 Large Magnetic Battery-Mounted Storage Tray- provides storage for operators to place their
items
 Toyota LiB CAN Communication Interface Option- provides a fully integrated Toyota LiB
battery to extend operating time
 Turtle Speed Button- slows the maximum operating speed for improved control and precisio
1.1.4 ELECTRIC PALLET TRUCKS

What is an Electric Pallet Truck? An electric pallet truck, also known as a powered pallet truck,
is a motorized tool used for lifting and moving pallets. It is mostly found in warehouses for
moving goods within the confines of the warehouse. Depending on the design, some powered
pallet trucks have the platform that let user stand while moving pallets.

FIGURE 4 ELECTRIC PALLET TRUCKS
1.2 CONVEYORS:
A conveyor system is a fast and efficient mechanical handling apparatus for automatically
transporting loads and materials within an area. This system minimizes human error, lowers
workplace risks and reduces labor costs — among other benefits. They are useful in helping to
move bulky or heavy items from one point to another. A conveyor system may use a belt,
wheels, rollers, or a chain to transport objects.
FIGURE 5 CONVEYORS:
How do conveyor systems work?

Typically, conveyor systems consist of a belt stretched across two or more pulleys. The belt
forms a closed loop around the pulleys so it can continually rotate. One pulley, known as the
drive pulley, drives or tows the belt, moving items from one location to another.

The most common conveyor system designs use a rotor to power the drive pulley and belt. The
belt remains attached to the rotor through the friction between the two surfaces. For the belt to
move effectively, both the drive pulley and idler must run in the same direction, either clockwise
or counterclockwise. While conventional conveyor systems such as moving walkways and
grocery store conveyors are straight, sometimes, the unit needs to turn to deliver the items to the
proper location. For the turns, there are unique cone-shaped wheels or rotors which allow the belt
to follow a bend or twist without getting tangled.
Benefits of conveyor systems
The main purpose of a conveyor system is to move objects from one location to another. The
design allows for movement of objects that are too heavy or too bulky for humans to carry by
hand.
Conveyor systems save time when transporting items from one location to another. As they can
be inclined to span multiple levels, they make it simpler to move items up and down floors, a
task that, when performed manually by humans, causes physical strain. Inclined belts can
automatically unload material, eliminating the need for someone to be on the opposite end to
receive pieces.
Type of conveyors
1.2.1 Belt conveyors
A belt conveyor is mechanical handling equipment that moves bulk materials or unit loads from
one point to another on a continuous belt. It is a common piece of material handling equipment
in various industries such as manufacturing, mining, food processing, transportation, and many
others. The conveyor belt is typically made of rubber, plastic, or other materials and is looped
around a series of pulleys or drums.

1 Conveyor Belt: The belt itself is the essential component that carries the material from
the loading point to the unloading point. It can be made of various materials with
different properties depending on the type of material being conveyed and environmental
conditions.
2 Pulleys or Drums: These are the wheels over which the belt is looped. The pulleys
are usually powered and help to drive the belt. There are typically two pulleys in a
belt conveyor system – the drive pulley and the tail pulley.
3 Drive Mechanism: The drive mechanism powers the conveyor belt. It can be an
electric motor, hydraulic drive, or other sources of mechanical power. The power
source is usually located at the head of the conveyor.
4 Idlers: Idlers are rollers that support the belt and reduce friction. They are
positioned along the conveyor route to provide support and maintain the belt's
alignment.
5 Support Structure: The conveyor system is typically mounted on a support

structure to maintain stability and proper alignment.
Belt conveyors are versatile and can be designed for horizontal, inclined, or declined
transportation of materials. They are used for various applications such as transporting bulk
materials like coal, grains, ores, and also for moving unit loads in manufacturing processes.
The design and specifications of a belt conveyor depend on factors such as the type of material to
be conveyed, the distance of transportation, the speed requirements, and environmental
conditions. Belt conveyors are popular due to their efficiency, reliability, and ability to handle a
wide range of materials.

FIGURE 6BELT CONVEYORS
Advantages
 One of the cheapest conveyors

 Simple and easy to use
 Can have changes in elevation
 Can be loaded from any place along the belt
Disadvantages
 The simplicity means very limited features

 Belt can be difficult to clean and generally does not leave a very successful result
 Sticky material can get stuck on the belt and transfer to the return side, the rolls, idlers and
pulleys
1.2.2 ROLLER CONVEYORS

Are a series of rollers supported within a frame where objects can be moved either manually, by
gravity, or by power. There is a wide range of ways roller conveyors can be used and modified
for different uses including transporting boxes, cardboard boxes, crates, pallets, plastic totes,
polybags, slave boards, and trays.A roller conveyor system can be configured to work with a
range of ancillary equipment including bends, gates, and turntables. Roller conveyors are

normally used in environments such as warehouses or manufacturing facilities due to the nature
of transporting goods.
Using a roller conveyor can add versatility to the type of transfers, diverters, and stops that can
be used as part of a conveyor system or automation system. You can get roller conveyors in mild
steel, galvanized, plastic, or stainless steel.
FIGURE 7 ROLLER CONVEYORS
Roller conveyors have great benefits for many different types of businesses. Automating
processes can save time and money for the business and also improve job satisfaction as basic
processes are automated
Happier Staff
Roller conveyors can reduce the heavy lifting and menial tasks that require little skill from staff,
which in turn, increases job satisfaction within the workplace.
24 Hour Operations
Roller conveyors are able to operate 24 hours a day and they will help you to organize your staff
into shift patterns, particularly at busier times of the year when production needs to be
maximized.
Staff Safety

Using roller conveyors can provide a safer workplace for your employees as they can reduce
accidents caused by heavy lifting and moving heavy objects.
Efficiency
Roller conveyors are efficient, and cost little to run. They are reliable and relatively simple
pieces of equipment which will help your business operate at maximum efficiency. Even when
they do require new parts these are easy to acquire and replace. Mobility Engineering has a sister
company Roll Ezy which can provide replacement rollers for any type of roller conveyor
system.-
1.2.3 CHAIN CONVEYORS

Chain conveyors are used for moving products down an assembly line and/or around a
manufacturing or warehousing facility. Chain conveyors are primarily used to transport heavy
unit loads, e.g. pallets, grid boxes, and industrial containers. These conveyors can be single or
double chain strand in configuration. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_conveyor)
FIGURE 8 CHAIN CONVEYORS

Advantages of a chain conveyor
Chain conveyors are easy to install allowing for minimal disruption to the workplace, and they
require low maintenance meaning less downtime in production. The system is extremely flexible
so modifying or upgrading is very easy. With the flexibility of the chains the system can be
adapted to make turns and incline and decline.
These conveyors are affordable and cost effective due to the durability and ease of use. As the
chains can be repaired in sections this means the entire system does not need to be replaced
which reduces costs (https://www.asmechsystems.co.uk/the-benefits-of-chain-conveyors/)
1.2.4 SCREW CONVEYORS

Screw conveyors, or auger conveyors, are industrial equipment used in transporting bulk
quantities of granular solids (e.g., powder, grains, and granules), semi-solids, liquids, and even
non-flowing materials from one point to another. They uphold high operational efficiency by
eliminating the need for the workers to manually move around loads. Screw conveyors primarily
consist of a rotating screw shaft that is installed within a trough. As the screw shaft rotates, the
material moves linearly. They can be designed to provide horizontal, vertical, and inclined travel
paths. (https://www.iqsdirectory.com/articles/screw-conveyors.html)
FIGURE 9 SCREW CONVEYORS
Advantages of screw conveyor

The screw conveyor is one of the most cost-effective methods for transporting bulk materials.
Screw conveyors are used in thousands of applications in almost every industry.
 Screw conveyors are capable of handling a great variety of bulk materials from sluggish
to free-flowing.
 Screw conveyors can have multiple inlet and discharge points. Bulk materials can be conveyed
and distributed to various locations as required. Slide gates or valves can be added to control the
flow into and out of a screw conveyor.
 When a screw conveyor is used as a metering device, it is considered a screw feeder. Screw
feeders are used to initiate a material process by metering product from a bin or hopper.
 Screw conveyors are very compact and adaptable to congested locations. Screw conveyors do
not have a return similar to a belt or drag conveyor.
 Screw conveyors are totally enclosed to contain the product and prevent spillage. Screw
conveyors can be utilized in the horizontal, vertical or any inclined position depending upon
 Screw conveyors can be used for mixing various products together and for breaking up large
lumps.
 Screw conveyors can be designed without a center pipe. This type of conveyor is called a
shiftless screw conveyor and is designed for conveying wet, sticky, sluggish products such as
industrial sludge’s and bio solids.
 Screw conveyors can be used to cool, heat or dry products in transit. Depending on the heat
transfer requirements, a screw conveyor can be jacketed, or a hollow-flight design utilized to
provide the necessary heat transfer for the application.
 Screw conveyors can be designed to be vapor-tight or hold an internal pressure. This is very
important when conveying toxic or hazardous products such as those in the chemical industry.
 Screw conveyors can provide an air lock between upstream and downstream equipment.(
https://www.kwsmfg.com/screw-conveyor-advantages/)

1.2.5 GRAVITY CONVEYORS

Gravity conveyors are a type of material handling system that uses the force of gravity to
move items along a downward or slightly inclined path. These conveyors do not require
external power sources such as motors or electricity to operate, as they rely on the natural
force of gravity to move products or materials from one point to another.
Gravity conveyors typically consist of a series of rollers or wheels mounted on a frame or track,
allowing items to roll or slide along the conveyor surface under their weight. The slope or angle
of the conveyor is designed to facilitate the smooth movement of items by gravity alone
. FIGURE 10 GRAVITY CONVEYORS
Some common types of gravity conveyors include:
1. Gravity Roller Conveyors: These conveyors use a series of rollers to transport items along a
gravity-fed path. Items placed on the rollers will move along the conveyor as they are pushed by
gravity.
2. Gravity Wheel Conveyors: These conveyors use skate wheels or similar rotating wheels to
move items along a gravity-fed path. The wheels provide low-friction movement for items on the
conveyor.
3. Gravity Chutes: These are sloped channels or slides that allow items to slide down under the
force of gravity. Gravity chutes are often used for sorting or diverting items to different
locations.
Advantages of gravity conveyors include their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and energy

efficiency. They are easy to install, require minimal maintenance, and can be used for various
applications in warehouses, distribution centers, manufacturing facilities, and other industrial
settings.

However, gravity conveyors have limitations in terms of speed control, incline/decline angles,
and the types of items they can handle. They are best suited for moving lightweight to medium-
weight items over short to moderate distances. Businesses should consider these factors when
evaluating whether gravity conveyors are suitable for their material handling needs
Advantage and dis advantage of gravity conveyor
Advantages of Gravity Conveyors:
1. Cost-Effective: Gravity conveyors are typically more affordable to purchase and install
compared to powered conveyors, as they do not require motors or electricity to operate.
2. Energy Efficiency: Gravity conveyors do not consume any external power sources, making
them energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.
3. Low Maintenance: Gravity conveyors have fewer moving parts than powered conveyors,
resulting in lower maintenance requirements and reduced downtime.
4. Easy Installation: Gravity conveyors are relatively easy to set up and can be quickly
integrated into existing material handling systems.
5. Versatility: Gravity conveyors can handle a wide range of products and materials, making
them suitable for various industries and applications.
Disadvantages of Gravity Conveyors:
1. Limited Control: Gravity conveyors rely on the force of gravity to move items, which can
limit control over the speed and direction of the conveyed products.
2. Incline/Decline Limitations: Gravity conveyors are best suited for moderate inclines or
declines, and may not be suitable for steep angles or long distances.
3. Product Limitations: Gravity conveyors may not be suitable for handling heavy or bulky
items, as they rely on the weight of the products to move along the conveyor.
4. Potential Jamming: Items on a gravity conveyor can sometimes get stuck or jammed if not
properly aligned or if the conveyor is overloaded.

5. Space Requirements: Gravity conveyors may require more space compared to powered
conveyors, as they often need longer runs to achieve the desired flow of materials.
Businesses should carefully consider these advantages and disadvantages when deciding whether
to implement gravity conveyors in their material handling operations. It's important to assess the
specific needs and requirements of the application to determine if gravity conveyors are the most
suitable solution for efficient and effective material handling.
- Pneumatic conveyors
- Vibrating conveyors
And there are so many example of conveyor
1. 3. HOISTING EQUIPMENT:
Hoisting equipment is commercially manufactured lifting equipment designed to lift and position
a load of known weight to a location at some known elevation. Hoisting Equipment lifts loads
with either link or roller chain or wire rope. It is powered one of three ways and is used with a
number of attachments to perform various tasks. A hoist is a device used for lifting or lowering a
load by means of a drum or lift-wheel around which rope or chain wraps. (https://www.cisco-
eagle.com/category/3349/gravity-conveyor-guide)
FIGURE 11 HOISTING EQUIPMENT
Advantages of Hoisting Equipment:

 Safe Material Handling: Hoisting equipment, such as overhead cranes and hoists,
provide a safe and controlled means of lifting and moving heavy materials, machinery,
and equipment within the brewery shop. This helps reduce the risk of accidents, injuries,
and damage to products or facilities.
 Increased Productivity: Hoisting equipment allows for efficient and quick lifting,
positioning, and transportation of materials, enabling faster workflow and production
processes in the brewery. This results in improved productivity and throughput.
 Precise Positioning: Hoisting equipment offers precise control over the movement and
placement of materials, ensuring accurate positioning during assembly, storage, or
loading/unloading operations. This precision helps optimize space utilization and
workflow efficiency.
 Versatility: Hoisting equipment can be used for a wide range of lifting tasks, from heavy
machinery to delicate components, making them versatile tools for material handling in
the brewery shop. They can be adapted to various load sizes and shapes.
 Reduced Manual Labor: By mechanizing the lifting and moving of materials, hoisting
equipment minimizes the need for manual labor and heavy lifting by workers. This not
only improves worker safety but also reduces physical strain and fatigue, leading to a
more ergonomic work environment.
 Space Optimization: Hoisting equipment, such as overhead cranes, can lift materials
vertically, allowing for efficient use of vertical space in the brewery shop. This helps
optimize storage capacity and floor layout, maximizing the available workspace.
 Cost-Effective Solution: While hoisting equipment may require an initial investment,
they offer long-term cost savings through increased efficiency, reduced labor costs, and
minimized material damage or downtime. They contribute to overall operational cost-
effectiveness in the brewery.
 Enhanced Worker Safety: Hoisting equipment is designed with safety features such as
overload protection, emergency stop buttons, and anti-collision systems to ensure the
safety of operators and other personnel working in the vicinity. This promotes a secure
working environment.
 Compliance with Regulations: The use of hoisting equipment that meets industry
standards and regulations ensures compliance with safety guidelines and legal

requirements related to material handling practices in the brewery shop. This helps avoid
penalties and liabilities associated with non-compliance.
Overall, hoisting equipment plays a crucial role in optimizing material handling operations in the
brewery shop by providing a safe, efficient, and reliable means of lifting, moving, and
positioning materials, ultimately contributing to improved productivity and operational
effectiveness.
1.3.1 CRANES (OVERHEAD, GANTRY, JIB)

Cranes are types of hoisting equipment used for lifting and moving heavy loads in various
industrial settings, including breweries. There are different types of cranes commonly used in
material handling applications:
 Overhead Crane: An overhead crane, also known as a bridge crane, is a type of crane
that consists of a horizontal beam (bridge) that travels along elevated runways, supported
by vertical columns. The bridge is equipped with a hoist and trolley mechanism that
allows for the lifting and movement of heavy loads horizontally within a defined area.
Overhead cranes are commonly used in manufacturing facilities, warehouses, and
breweries for tasks such as loading/unloading, assembly, and material handling.
 Gantry Crane: A gantry crane is a type of crane that operates on a runway supported by
legs or uprights, rather than being attached to a building structure like an overhead crane.
Gantry cranes are versatile and can be used both indoors and outdoors for lifting and
moving heavy loads across a wide area. They are often used in shipyards, construction
sites, and breweries for tasks such as container handling, equipment installation, and
maintenance.
 Jib Crane: A jib crane is a type of crane that consists of a horizontal boom (jib) that is
mounted to a vertical mast or wall, allowing for rotation around its central axis. Jib
cranes are typically used in confined spaces or specific workstations where overhead
clearance is limited. They are commonly used in workshops, production lines, and
breweries for tasks such as tool handling, machine loading, and assembly operations.
Each type of crane has its own advantages and applications based on the specific requirements of
the material handling tasks in the brewery shop. These cranes provide efficient and safe solutions
for lifting heavy loads, optimizing workflow, and enhancing productivity in brewery operations

1 Increased Efficiency: Cranes can lift and move heavy loads quickly and efficiently, reducing
manual labor and speeding up material handling processes in breweries.
2 Improved Safety: Cranes are designed to lift heavy loads safely, minimizing the risk of
injuries to workers and damage to materials in the brewery shop.
3. Versatility: Different types of cranes, such as overhead, gantry, and jib cranes, offer
versatility in terms of their applications and can be customized to suit specific lifting
requirements in breweries.
4. Space Optimization: Cranes can operate in confined spaces or specific workstations, allowing
for efficient use of floor space in the brewery shop.
5. Increased Productivity: By streamlining material handling tasks, cranes help improve overall
productivity and workflow in breweries, leading to faster production cycles.
Disadvantages of Cranes:
1. Cost: Cranes can be expensive to purchase, install, and maintain, which may pose a financial
challenge for some breweries, especially smaller operations.
2. Training Requirements: Operating cranes requires specialized training and certification for
workers to ensure safe and efficient operation, which can add to the overall cost and time
investment.
3. Maintenance: Cranes require regular maintenance to ensure optimal performance and safety,
which can result in downtime and additional costs for breweries.
1.3.2 VACUUM LIFTERS

Vacuum lifters, also known as vacuum lifting devices or vacuum suction lifters, are mechanical
devices used for lifting and moving materials using suction force. These devices rely on the
principle of creating a vacuum between the lifting surface of the device and the material being
lifted, allowing for a secure grip and safe transport of objects.
Vacuum lifters typically consist of a vacuum pump, a vacuum pad or suction cup, and a lifting
mechanism. The vacuum pump creates negative pressure within the suction cup, causing it to

adhere to the surface of the material. Once a vacuum seal is established, the lifting mechanism
can be activated to raise and lower the material as needed.
FIGURE 12 VACUUM LIFTERS
Vacuum lifters are commonly used in various industries and applications for handling a wide
range of materials, including:
1. Glass panes and sheets: Vacuum lifters are commonly used in the glass industry for handling
large glass panes, windows, and mirrors. They provide a secure grip without damaging the
delicate glass surfaces.
2. Metal sheets and plates: Vacuum lifters are used in metal fabrication and manufacturing
facilities for lifting and moving metal sheets, plates, and components. They help improve
efficiency and reduce the risk of injuries associated with manual handling.
3. Wood panels and boards: In woodworking and carpentry industries, vacuum lifters are used
to handle wooden panels, boards, and other wood products. They ensure safe and precise
handling of large and heavy wood materials.
4. Stone slabs and countertops: Vacuum lifters are commonly employed in the stone industry
for lifting and transporting stone slabs, countertops, and other heavy stone products. They offer a
secure grip on smooth and polished surfaces.
5. Boxes and packages: Vacuum lifters are used in logistics and warehousing for handling
boxes, packages, cartons, and other packaged goods. They streamline the loading and unloading
process and reduce the risk of damage to the products.

Some advantages of vacuum lifters include:
1. Safe handling: Vacuum lifters reduce the risk of injuries associated with manual lifting and
handling of heavy objects. They provide a secure grip on materials without requiring physical
exertion from the operator.
2. Precise positioning: Vacuum lifters allow for precise positioning and placement of materials,
improving efficiency and accuracy in handling operations.
3. Versatility: Vacuum lifters can be used for a wide range of materials, shapes, and sizes,
making them versatile tools in various industries.
4. Efficiency: Vacuum lifters help streamline material handling processes, leading to increased
productivity and reduced labor costs.
However, vacuum lifters also have some limitations, including:
1. Surface requirements: Vacuum lifters work best on smooth, flat surfaces. Irregular or porous
surfaces may not provide a sufficient seal for effective lifting.
2. Weight limitations: Vacuum lifters have weight capacity limits based on the size and strength
of the suction cups. Heavy or oversized materials may require specialized lifting equipment.
3. Maintenance requirements: Vacuum lifters require regular maintenance to ensure optimal

performance. This includes checking and replacing worn-out parts, inspecting vacuum seals, and
monitoring the vacuum pump.
In summary, vacuum lifters are valuable tools for lifting and moving materials safely and
efficiently in various industries. They offer benefits such as safe handling, precise positioning,
versatility, and efficiency, but they also have limitations related to surface requirements, weight
capacity, and maintenance needs that should be considered when choosing lifting equipment for
specific applications.
1.3.3 MAGNETIC LIFTERS

Magnetic lifters, also known as magnetic lifting devices or magnetic lift systems, are mechanical
devices used for lifting and moving ferrous materials using magnetic force. These devices rely

on powerful permanent magnets or electromagnets to create a strong magnetic field that attracts
and holds onto ferrous objects securely.
Magnetic lifters typically consist of a magnetic base, a handle or control mechanism, and a
lifting mechanism. The magnetic base contains one or more magnets that generate a strong
magnetic field when activated. The handle or control mechanism allows the operator to turn the
magnetic field on and off, while the lifting mechanism enables the device to raise and lower the
material as needed.
FIGURE 13MAGNETIC LIFTERS
Magnetic lifters are commonly used in various industries and applications for handling ferrous
materials, such as:
1. Steel plates and sheets: Magnetic lifters are widely used in steel fabrication and
manufacturing facilities for lifting and transporting steel plates, sheets, and structural
components. They provide a secure grip on heavy steel materials without the need for slings or
hooks.
2. Machined parts and components: In machine shops and metalworking industries, magnetic
lifters are used to handle machined parts, tools, and components made of ferrous metals. They
help improve efficiency and reduce the risk of damage during handling.
3. Scrap metal and recycling: Magnetic lifters are utilized in scrap metal yards and recycling
facilities for sorting, lifting, and moving ferrous scrap metal materials. They streamline the
process of loading and unloading metal waste for recycling.

4. Automotive and manufacturing: Magnetic lifters are employed in automotive assembly

plants and manufacturing facilities for handling metal components, parts, and products. They
facilitate the assembly process and reduce manual labor requirements.
5. Construction and infrastructure: Magnetic lifters are used in construction sites and
infrastructure projects for lifting and positioning steel beams, pipes, and other structural
elements. They offer a safe and efficient way to handle heavy construction materials.
Some advantages of magnetic lifters include:
1. Strong holding force: Magnetic lifters can generate a powerful magnetic field that provides a
secure grip on ferrous materials, ensuring safe lifting and transport.
2. Easy operation: Magnetic lifters are simple to operate, requiring minimal training for users to
effectively handle materials using magnetic force.
3. Versatility: Magnetic lifters can be used for a wide range of ferrous materials, shapes, and
sizes, making them versatile tools in various industries.
4. Safety: Magnetic lifters help reduce the risk of injuries associated with manual lifting and
handling of heavy ferrous objects.
However, magnetic lifters also have some limitations, including:
1. Non-ferrous materials: Magnetic lifters are designed specifically for ferrous materials and
cannot be used to lift non-magnetic materials such as aluminum, copper, or stainless steel.
2. Weight capacity: Magnetic lifters have weight capacity limits based on the strength of the
magnets and the design of the lifting device. Heavy or oversized materials may require
specialized lifting equipment.
3. Surface requirements: Magnetic lifters work best on clean, flat surfaces with good contact
between the magnet and the material being lifted. Contaminants or irregular surfaces may affect
the lifting capacity.
In summary, magnetic lifters are valuable tools for lifting and moving ferrous materials safely
and efficiently in various industries. They offer benefits such as strong holding force, easy

operation, versatility, and safety, but they also have limitations related to non-ferrous materials,
weight capacity, and surface requirements that should be considered when choosing lifting
equipment for specific applications.
1.4. ROBOTIC HANDLING SYSTEMS:
Robotic handling systems, also known as robotic material handling systems or robotic pick and
place systems, are automated systems that use robots to handle and manipulate objects. These
systems are designed to perform tasks such as picking up, moving, placing, sorting, and
assembling objects in various industries and applications.
Robotic handling systems typically consist of one or more robotic arms or manipulators, sensors
for object detection and recognition, a control system, and a user interface. The robotic arm is the
main component responsible for physically interacting with the objects. It can be equipped with
various end-effectors such as grippers, suction cups, or specialized tools depending on the
specific task requirements.
The sensors in robotic handling systems are used to detect and locate objects in the environment.
They can include cameras, laser scanners, proximity sensors, or force/torque sensors. These
sensors provide feedback to the control system, allowing the robot to accurately perceive and
interact with the objects.
The control system of a robotic handling system consists of hardware and software components
that coordinate the movements and actions of the robot. It receives input from the sensors,
processes the information, and generates commands to control the robot's motion and operation.
The control system can be programmed to perform specific tasks using programming languages
or through graphical interfaces.
A user interface is often provided to allow operators or technicians to interact with the robotic
handling system. This interface may include a touchscreen panel, buttons, or a computer
interface where users can monitor and control the system's operation, set parameters, and
troubleshoot any issues.

FIGURE 14 ROBOTIC HANDLING SYSTEMS
Robotic handling systems offer several advantages over traditional manual handling
methods:
1. Increased productivity: Robots can work continuously without fatigue and at high speeds,
leading to increased productivity and throughput.
2. Precision and accuracy: Robotic handling systems can perform tasks with high precision and
accuracy, reducing errors and improving product quality.
3. Safety: By automating repetitive or hazardous tasks, robotic handling systems can help
improve workplace safety by reducing the risk of injuries to human workers.
4. Flexibility: Robotic handling systems can be programmed and reprogrammed to perform a

wide range of tasks and adapt to different product sizes and shapes.
5. Efficiency: Robots can optimize material flow and reduce cycle times by performing tasks
quickly and efficiently.
Applications of robotic handling systems include:
1. Manufacturing: Robotic handling systems are widely used in manufacturing industries for
tasks such as picking and placing components on assembly lines, packaging products, or
loading/unloading materials.
2. Warehousing and logistics: Robots are used for sorting, palletizing, and transporting goods in
warehouses and distribution centers, improving efficiency in inventory management and order
fulfillment.

3. Food and beverage industry: Robotic handling systems are employed for tasks like picking
fruits or vegetables, packaging food products, or handling delicate items in food processing
plants.
4. Pharmaceuticals and healthcare: Robots are used for handling medications, medical devices,
or laboratory samples in pharmaceutical manufacturing or healthcare settings.
5. Electronics industry: Robotic handling systems are utilized for assembling electronic
components, testing devices, or packaging electronic products.
In summary, robotic handling systems are automated systems that use robots to handle objects in
various industries. They offer advantages such as increased productivity, precision, safety,
flexibility, and efficiency. These systems find applications in manufacturing, warehousing, food
processing, healthcare, electronics and other industries where repetitive or complex handling
tasks need to be performed.
1.4.1 AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLES (AGVS)

Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are robotic material handling systems that are used to
transport materials and goods within a facility or warehouse. AGVs are equipped with onboard
navigation systems and are guided by various methods such as wires, magnets, lasers, or vision
systems to navigate through the environment and perform tasks autonomously.
AGVs typically consist of a mobile platform, sensors for navigation and obstacle detection, a
control system, and a user interface. The mobile platform can vary in form, ranging from simple
wheeled vehicles to more complex designs with multiple degrees of freedom for handling
different types of loads.
Sensors in AGVs are used for navigation and safety. They can include laser scanners, cameras,
encoders, or proximity sensors to detect the vehicle's position, map the environment, and avoid
collisions with obstacles or pedestrians.
The control system of an AGV coordinates its movements and operations. It receives input from
the sensors, processes the information, and generates commands to control the vehicle's motion,
speed, and task execution. The control system can be programmed to perform specific routes,
pick up and drop off items, or interact with other equipment in the facility.

A user interface is provided to allow operators or technicians to monitor and control the AGV.
This interface may include a touchscreen panel, buttons, or a computer interface where users can
set tasks, monitor the vehicle's status, and troubleshoot any issues.
FIGURE 15AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLES
AGVs offer several advantages over traditional manual material handling methods:
1. Increased efficiency: AGVs can operate 24/7 without breaks, leading to improved efficiency
in material transportation and logistics.
2. Flexibility: AGVs can be programmed to adapt to changing production layouts and handle
various types of loads, making them suitable for dynamic manufacturing environments.
3. Safety: By automating material transportation, AGVs can help reduce accidents and improve
workplace safety by eliminating the need for human workers to transport heavy or hazardous
loads.
4. Cost savings: AGVs can help reduce labor costs associated with manual material handling
and can optimize material flow, leading to cost savings in operations.
5. Accuracy: AGVs can transport materials with high precision and accuracy, reducing errors
and improving inventory management.
Applications of AGVs include:

1. Material handling in manufacturing: AGVs are used to transport raw materials, work-in-
progress components, and finished goods within manufacturing facilities.
2. Warehousing and logistics: AGVs are employed for tasks such as pallet handling, order
picking, and goods transportation in warehouses and distribution centers.
3. Automotive industry: AGVs are used for transporting car components between assembly lines,
storage areas, and other production facilities.
4. Food and beverage industry: AGVs are utilized for moving pallets of food products,
ingredients, or packaging materials in food processing plants and distribution centers.
5. Pharmaceutical industry: AGVs are employed for transporting medications, chemicals, or

laboratory samples within pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities.
In summary, Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are robotic material handling systems used for
autonomous transportation of materials within manufacturing facilities, warehouses, and other
industrial settings. They offer advantages such as increased efficiency, flexibility, safety, cost
savings, and accuracy and find applications in various industries for material handling and
logistics operations.
1.4.2 ROBOTIC ARMS

Robotic arms, also known as robot manipulators or mechanical arms, are robotic systems
designed to perform various tasks that typically require human-like dexterity and precision.
These tasks can include assembly, pick-and-place operations, material handling, welding,
painting, and other industrial processes. Robotic arms are widely used in manufacturing,
automotive, aerospace, healthcare, and other industries to automate repetitive and complex tasks.

FIGURE 16 ROBOTIC ARMS
A typical robotic arm consists of several key components:
1. Joints: Robotic arms are constructed with multiple joints that allow them to move in different
directions and orientations. Common types of joints include revolute (rotational), prismatic
(linear), and spherical joints, which enable the arm to achieve a wide range of motion.
2. Links: The arm's structure consists of interconnected links or segments that form the arm's
physical structure. These links are typically connected by the joints and can vary in length and
shape depending on the specific application requirements.
3. End-effector: The end-effector, also known as the robot's "hand," is the part of the arm that
interacts with the workpiece or performs the intended task. End-effectors can take various forms,
such as grippers, suction cups, welding torches, cutting tools, or specialized sensors, depending
on the application.
4. Actuators: Robotic arms are powered by actuators, such as electric motors, pneumatic
cylinders, or hydraulic systems, which provide the necessary force and motion to move the arm's
joints and perform tasks.
5. Control system: The control system of a robotic arm includes sensors for feedback, a
processing unit (e.g., microcontroller or PLC), and software algorithms that govern the arm's
movements and operations. The control system coordinates the arm's motion, monitors its
position and orientation, and ensures precise execution of tasks.
Robotic arms can be classified based on their configuration and degrees of freedom. Common
configurations include:
Cartesian robots: These have three linear axes (X, Y, Z) that move in a rectangular coordinate
system, providing precise positioning and linear motion.
Articulated robots: These consist of multiple revolute joints, similar to a human arm, and offer
high flexibility and dexterity for complex movements.

SCARA robots (Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm): These robots have a combination
of rotational and prismatic joints, offering high speed and precision for assembly tasks.
Delta robots: These parallel-link robots use three or more arms connected to a common base and
are well-suited for high-speed pick-and-place applications.
Robotic arms offer several advantages in industrial applications:
Increased productivity: Robotic arms can perform tasks faster and more consistently than
human workers, leading to improved production efficiency.
Precision and accuracy: Robotic arms can execute tasks with high repeatability and accuracy,
leading to improved product quality and reduced errors.
Safety: By automating repetitive or hazardous tasks, robotic arms can help improve workplace
safety by reducing the risk of injuries to human workers.
Flexibility: Robotic arms can be reprogrammed or reconfigured to perform different tasks or

adapt to changes in production requirements.
In summary, robotic arms are versatile robotic systems used in industrial automation to perform
a wide range of tasks with precision and efficiency. They consist of multiple joints, links, end-
effectors, actuators, and a control system and find applications in manufacturing, assembly,
material handling, and other industrial processes.
1.4.3 PICK AND PLACE ROBOTS

Pick and place robots are a specific type of robotic arm system designed to automate the process
of picking up objects from one location and placing them in another. These robots are commonly
used in manufacturing, packaging, assembly, and material handling applications to improve
efficiency, speed, and accuracy in repetitive tasks.

FIGURE 17 PICK AND PLACE ROBOTS
The main components of a pick and place robot system includes:
1. Grippers or end-effectors: Pick and place robots are equipped with specialized grippers or
end-effectors that are designed to securely grasp and manipulate objects of various shapes, sizes,
and weights. Grippers can take different forms, such as vacuum suction cups, mechanical claws,
magnetic grippers, or custom-designed tooling, depending on the application requirements.
2. Vision systems: Some pick and place robots are equipped with vision systems, including
cameras and sensors, to identify and locate objects accurately. Vision systems can help the robot
detect objects, determine their position and orientation, and adapt to variations in size or shape.
3. Conveyor systems: Pick and place robots often work in conjunction with conveyor belts or
other material handling systems to transport objects to and from the robot's workspace. The
conveyor system delivers objects to the robot's pick-up location and receives them after they
have been placed in the desired position.
4. Control software: The control system of a pick and place robot includes software algorithms
that govern the robot's movements, coordinate the pick-up and placement of objects, and
optimize the overall operation. The software can be programmed to handle different tasks,
sequences, and configurations based on the specific requirements of the application.
Pick and place robots offer several benefits in industrial automation:

Increased efficiency: Pick and place robots can perform repetitive tasks at high speeds and with
consistent precision, leading to improved productivity and throughput.
Flexibility: These robots can be easily reprogrammed or reconfigured to handle different types
of objects, layouts, or production requirements without significant downtime.
Accuracy: Pick and place robots can position objects with high repeatability and accuracy,
reducing errors and improving product quality.
Safety: By automating manual handling tasks, pick and place robots help reduce the risk of
injuries to human workers and create a safer working environment.
Overall, pick and place robots play a crucial role in streamlining material handling processes,
increasing production efficiency, and enhancing operational performance in various industries.
Their versatility, speed, precision, and reliability make them valuable assets in modern
manufacturing facilities
1.4.4 PALLETIZING ROBOTS , SORTING ROBOTS AND PACKAGING ROBOTS

1. Palletizing robots: Palletizing robots are specialized pick and place robots designed to
automate the process of stacking and arranging products onto pallets. These robots can handle
heavy loads and are commonly used in industries such as logistics, warehousing, and
manufacturing. Palletizing robots can efficiently stack products in a predetermined pattern,
optimize pallet space utilization, and ensure stable and secure pallet loads.
2. Sorting robots: Sorting robots are robotic systems that are used to sort objects based on
specific criteria such as size, shape, color, or weight. These robots can quickly identify and
categorize objects as they move along a conveyor belt or in a production line. Sorting robots are
commonly used in industries like logistics, e-commerce, and recycling to streamline the sorting
process, improve accuracy, and increase throughput.
3. Packaging robots: Packaging robots are robotic systems designed to automate the packaging
process by picking up products, placing them into packaging containers (such as boxes, bags, or
trays), and sealing or labeling the packages. These robots can handle a wide range of packaging
tasks, from simple pick and place operations to more complex packaging configurations.

Packaging robots are commonly used in industries such as food and beverage, pharmaceuticals,
and consumer goods to improve packaging speed, consistency, and efficiency.
Each of these types of robots plays a specific role in automating different stages of the
production and logistics processes. By utilizing these robotic systems, companies can achieve
higher productivity, reduce labor costs, improve product quality, and enhance overall operational
efficiency.
FIGURE 18 PALLETIZING ROBOTS, SORTING ROBOTS AND PACKAGING

ROBOTS
1.5. OTHER MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT:

1.5.1 STORAGE RACKS (PALLET RACKS, CANTILEVER RACKS , DRIVE-IN RACKS)
Storage racks, such as pallet racks, cantilever racks, and drive-in racks, are essential components
in warehouses and distribution centers for efficiently storing and organizing goods. Here is an
overview of each type of storage rack:
1. Pallet Racks: Pallet racks are one of the most common types of storage racks used in
warehouses. They are designed to store palletized goods in a vertical manner, allowing for easy
access to stored items using forklifts or other material handling equipment. Pallet racks come in
various configurations, including selective pallet racks, push-back racks, drive-in racks, and
pallet flow racks, each offering different storage density and accessibility options.
2. Cantilever Racks: Cantilever racks are ideal for storing long and bulky items such as lumber,
pipes, tubing, and other oversized materials. Cantilever racks feature arms that extend outward
from vertical columns, providing easy access to stored items without the need for vertical

support beams in the front. This design allows for storing items of varying lengths and shapes
with high visibility and accessibility.
3. Drive-In Racks: Drive-in racks are a type of high-density storage system that allows forklifts
to drive directly into the storage lanes to retrieve or deposit pallets. Drive-in racks are designed
with fewer aisles and maximize storage space by utilizing vertical space efficiently. This type of
rack is suitable for storing large quantities of homogenous products with low turnover rates.
Each type of storage rack offers unique advantages and is suitable for different storage
requirements based on the types of goods being stored; space availability, accessibility needs,
and inventory management strategies. By selecting the right type of storage rack system,
businesses can optimize their warehouse space, improve inventory management, and enhance
overall operational efficiency.
1.5.2 SHELVING SYSTEMS AND MEZZANINES
Shelving systems and mezzanines are additional storage solutions commonly used in warehouses
and distribution centers to maximize storage space and improve organization. Here is an
overview of each type of storage solution:
1. Shelving Systems: Shelving systems are versatile storage solutions that come in various
configurations, including boltless shelving, rivet shelving, wire shelving, and steel shelving.
Shelving systems are ideal for storing smaller items, boxes, cartons, and other goods that do not
require palletization. They are available in different heights, depths, and load capacities to
accommodate a wide range of storage needs. Shelving systems offer easy access to stored items
and can be customized with accessories such as dividers, bins, and labels for efficient
organization.

FIGURE 19 SHELVING SYSTEMS:
2. Mezzanines: Mezzanines are elevated platforms or intermediate floors constructed within a

warehouse space to create additional storage or workspace. Mezzanines are typically used to
maximize vertical space and can be customized to fit specific layout requirements. Mezzanines
can be installed above existing work areas, aisles, or storage racks to increase usable floor space
without the need for expanding the building footprint. Mezzanines are versatile st
Both shelving systems and mezzanines offer flexible storage solutions that can be tailored to
meet the specific requirements of a warehouse or distribution center. By incorporating these
storage solutions into their facility design, businesses can optimize space utilization, improve
inventory management, and enhance overall operational efficiency.
1.5.3 CONVEYOR SYSTEMS (SORTATION SYSTEMS , ACCUMULATION SYSTEMS)

Conveyor systems, including sortation systems and accumulation systems, are mechanical
devices used to transport materials or products from one location to another. Sortation systems
are designed to separate items based on predetermined criteria, such as size, weight, or
destination. Accumulation systems, on the other hand, allow products to accumulate in a queue
before moving on to the next stage of the process. These systems are commonly used in
warehouses, distribution centers, and manufacturing facilities to streamline the movement of
goods and improve efficiency.
1.5.4 DOCK EQUIPMENT AND PACKAGING EQUIPMENT

Dock equipment
Dock equipment, such as dock levelers, dock seals, and dock shelters, are essential components
of loading docks in warehouses and distribution centers. Dock levelers provide a smooth
transition for forklifts and other equipment moving between the loading dock and trucks,
ensuring safe and efficient loading and unloading operations. Dock seals and dock shelters help
create a tight seal between the truck and the dock, preventing outside elements like weather, dust,
and pests from entering the facility.
Packaging equipment

Packaging equipment, including stretch wrappers, strapping machines, and shrink wrap
machines, are used to securely package products for shipping or storage. Stretch wrappers apply
stretch film to palletized loads to secure them in place and protect them during transit. Strapping
machines use straps or bands to bundle products together, providing additional stability and
security. Shrink wrap machines apply heat to shrink film around products, creating a tight seal
for protection and containment.
Both dock equipment and packaging equipment play crucial roles in the logistics and supply
chain industry, helping to streamline operations, improve safety, and protect products during
transportation and storage.
SUMMARY
In conclusion, material handling equipment plays a crucial role in the smooth and efficient
operation of various industries. From forklifts and conveyors to pallet jacks and automated
systems, these tools and machinery help businesses streamline processes, increase productivity,
and ensure the safe handling of materials and products. By investing in the right material
handling equipment and utilizing it effectively, organizations can enhance their operational
efficiency, reduce costs, and improve overall supply chain management. It is essential for
businesses to understand the different types of material handling equipment available and their
applications to make informed decisions that will benefit their operations in the long run.

Material handling equipment is essential for the efficient movement, storage, and control of
materials and products in various industries. It encompasses a wide range of tools and machinery
designed to streamline processes, reduce manual labor, minimize product damage, and optimizes
space utilization. By utilizing material handling equipment effectively, businesses can improve
operational efficiency, reduce costs, and create safer working environments. Understanding the
different types of material handling equipment and their applications is crucial for enhancing
overall supply chain management.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Adams N.D Warehouse & Distribution Automation Handbook [Book]. - [s.l.] : McGraw-Hill, 1996.
Apple J.M. Material Handling System Design [Book]. - New York : Ronald, 1972.
Bartholdi, III, J.J., and Hackman, S.T., e Warehouse & Distribution Science [Book]. - 2011.
Frazelle E World-Class Warehousing and Material Handling [Book]. - [s.l.] : McGraw-Hill, 2002.
Kulwiec R.A., Ed., Materials Handling Handboo [Book]. - New York : Wiley., 1985. - 2nd Ed.
Mulcahy D.E Materials Handling Handbook [Book]. - New York : McGraw-Hill., 1999.

Mulcahy D.E Warehouse Distribution & Operations Handboo [Book]. - [s.l.] : McGraw-Hill. , 1994.

Material Handling

Uploaded by

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Copyright:

Available Formats

Material Handling

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Material Handling

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT’S

1 HAGOS GODIFAY 05193/12 THERMAL

2 GEBRE ARAYA 05134/12 THERMAL

3 ABDUSHUKUR WABELLA 04791/12 THERMAL

4 ZEMICHEAL TADIWOS 05733/12 THERMAL

SUBMITTED TO: MIS ELSA

MAICHEW, TGRAY, ETHIOPIA

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page I

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page II

MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT’S

The primary purpose of material handling equipment is to streamline the processes of

1.1 INDUSTRIAL VEHICLES/TRUCKS:

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 1

FIGURE 1 FORKLIFT TRUCK

 Efficiency and Productivity: Forklifts significantly improve material handling

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 2

 Safety Concerns: Operating forklifts improperly can lead to serious accidents,

1.1.2 PALLET JACKS

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 3

transporting small loads for short distances.

FIGURE 2 PALLET JACKS

Main type of pallet jack...

 Manual Pallet Jack.. ..

1.1.3 -TOW TRACTORS

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 4

FIGURE 3 TOW TRACTORS

Advantages of Toyota's Industrial Tow Tractor include:

1.1.4 ELECTRIC PALLET TRUCKS

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 5

FIGURE 4 ELECTRIC PALLET TRUCKS

How do conveyor systems work?

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 6

Benefits of conveyor systems

1.2.1 Belt conveyors

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 7

5 Support Structure: The conveyor system is typically mounted on a support

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 8

FIGURE 6BELT CONVEYORS

 One of the cheapest conveyors

 The simplicity means very limited features

1.2.2 ROLLER CONVEYORS

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 9

FIGURE 7 ROLLER CONVEYORS

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 10

1.2.3 CHAIN CONVEYORS

FIGURE 8 CHAIN CONVEYORS

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 11

Advantages of a chain conveyor

1.2.4 SCREW CONVEYORS

FIGURE 9 SCREW CONVEYORS

Advantages of screw conveyor

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 12

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Page 13

1.2.5 GRAVITY CONVEYORS

. FIGURE 10 GRAVITY CONVEYORS

Some common types of gravity conveyors include:

Advantages of gravity conveyors include their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and energy