Storytelling menggunakan kemampuan penyaji untuk terlalu lambat sehingga menyebabkan anak-anak
menyampaikan sebuah cerita dengan gaya, intonasi, menjadi bosan.
dan alat bantu yang menarik minat pendengar.
6. Alat Peraga
Dikatakan berhasil menggunakan teknik storytelling,
jika pendengar mampu menangkap jalan cerita serta Unutk menarik minat anak-anak dalam proses story
merasa terhibur. Selain itu, pesan moral dalam cerita telling, perlu adanya alat peraga seperti misalnya
juga diperoleh. Dikatakan berhasil saat pendengar boneka kecil yang dipakai ditangan untuk mewakili
mampu menangkap jalan cerita serta merasa terhibur. tokoh yang menjadi materi dongeng. Selain boneka,
dapat juga dengan cara memakai kostum-kostum
Selain itu, pesan moral dalam cerita juga diperoleh.
hewan yang lucu, intinya membuat anak merasa ingin
1. Kontak mata tahu dengan materi dongeng yang akan disajikan.
Saat story telling berlangsung, pendongeng harus Elements of every complete narrative
melakukan kontak mata dengan audience. Pandanglah
A. Setting
audience dan diam sejenak. Dengan melakukan kontak
mata audience akan merasa dirinya diperhatikan dan The setting is the time and location in which your story
diajak untuk berinteraksi, selain itu dengan melakukan takes place. Settings can be very specific, but can also
kontak mata kita dapat melihat apakah audience be more broad and descriptive. A good, well-
menyimak jalan cerita yang didongengkan. Dengan
established setting creates an intended mood and
begitu, pendongeng dapat mengetahui reaksi dari
provides the backdrop and environment for your story.
audience.
Example 1: July 21st, 1865 – Springfield, Missouri –
2. Mimik wajah
Town Square – 6pm.
Pada waktu story telling sedang berlangsung, mimik Example 2: A tired little cottage on a lonely night.
wajah pendongeng dapat menunjang hidup atau
tidaknya sebuah cerita yang disampaikan. Pendongeng B. Characters
harus dapat mengekspresi wajahnya sesuai dengan
yang di dongengkan. A story usually includes a number of characters, each
with a different role or purpose. Regardless of how
3. Gerak tubuh many characters a story has, however, there is almost
always a protagonist and antagonist.
Geraka tubuh pendongeng waktu proses story telling
berjalan dapat turut pula mendukung menggambarkan Central Characters: These characters are vital to the
jalan cerita yang lebih menarik. Cerita yang di development of the story. The plot revolves around
dongengkan akan terasa berbeda jika mendongeng them.
akan terasa berbeda jika mendongeng melakukan
gerakan-gerakan yang merefleksikan apa yang Protagonist: The protagonist is the main character of
dilakukan tokoh-tokoh yang didongengkannya. a story. He or she has a clear goal to accomplish or a
Dongeng akan terasa membosankan, dan akhirnya conflict to overcome. Although protagonists don’t
audience tidak antusias lagi mendengarkan dongeng. always need to be admirable, they must command an
emotional involvement from the audience.
4. Suara
Antagonist: Antagonists oppose protagonists, standing
Tidak rendahnya suara yang diperdengarkan dapat between them and their ultimate goals. The antagonist
digunakan pendongeng untuk membawa audience can be presented in the form of any person, place,
merasakan situasi dari cerita yang didongengkan. thing, or situation that represents a tremendous
Pendongeng akan meninggikan intonasi suaranya obstacle to the protagonist.
untuk mereflekskan cerita yang mulai memasuki tahap
yang menegangkan. Pendongeng profesiaonal biasanya C. Plot
mampu menirukan suara-suara dari karakter tokoh
yang didongengkan. Misalnya suara ayam, suara pintu The plot is the sequence of events that connect the
yang terbuka. audience to the protagonist and their ultimate goal.
5. Kecepatan Example: A group of climbers plan to escort paying
clients to the summit of Mt. Everest.
Pendongeng harus dapat menjaga kecepatan atau
tempo pada saat story telling. Agar kecepatan yang
There is always a clear goal. In this case, it’s to get the
dapat membuat anak-anak manjadi bingung ataupun
paying clients safely up the mountain and return them
to basecamp unharmed.
D. Conflict Resolution: The conflict’s conclusion. This is where
the protagonist finally overcomes the conflict, learns to
The conflict is what drives the story. It’s what creates accept it, or is ultimately defeated by it. Regardless,
tension and builds suspense, which are the elements this is where the journey ends.
that make a story interesting. If there’s no conflict, not
only will the audience not care, but there also won’t be G. Dialogue
any compelling story to tell.
Not all stories have dialogue, but most do.
Example 1: “We climbed Mt. Everest without issue.”
Dialogue refers to the words that are spoken
Without some sort of conflict, there’s no story. It’s just between characters (as well as the words that are
a statement. As an audience member, I think, “Oh, left unspoken).
cool. Sounds like fun. Did you take any photos?”
In general, it is conversations between characters, or
Example 2: “We attempted to climb Mt. Everest and even a solitary character speaking to him or herself.
were suddenly hit with an unexpected storm, causing
our team to become dispersed with zero visibility and a When writing, remember that all dialogue should
lack of oxygen, ultimately leading to the death of 13 move the story’s plot forward in some way!
people.”
Also, no matter how many characters you have in your
Now there’s a story. As an audience member, I want to creative writing project, make sure to give each
know, “What happened? How did 13 people die?” character a distinct voice! The worst thing you can do
is to make everyone sound the same.
Conflict is what engages an audience. It’s what keeps
them white-knuckled, at the edge of their seats,
waiting impatiently to see if the protagonists will
overcome their obstacle.
E. Theme
The theme is what the story is really about. It’s the
main idea or underlying meaning. Often, it’s the
storyteller’s personal opinion on the subject matter. A
story may have both a major theme and minor themes.
Major Theme: An idea that is intertwined and
repeated throughout the whole narrative.
Minor Theme: An idea that appears more subtly, and
doesn’t necessarily repeat.
F. Narrative Arc
A strong story plot has a narrative arc that has four
required elements of its own.
Setup: The world in which the protagonist exists prior
to the journey. The setup usually ends with the conflict
being revealed.
Rising Tension: The series of obstacles the
protagonist must overcome. Each obstacle is usually
more difficult and with higher stakes than the previous
one.
Climax: The point of highest tension, and the major
decisive turning point for the protagonist.
