SR Flip Flop

S R Q(t+1)
0 0 No Change Q(t)
0 1 Reset (0)
1 0 Set (1)
1 1 Race Condition

Characteristic Table
S R Q(t) Q(t+1)
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
No Change
0 1 0 0
0 1 1 0
Reset
1 0 0 1
1 0 1 1
Set
1 1 0 ??
1 1 1 ??
Race Condition

Truth Table

Q(t) Q(t+1) S R
0 0 0 X
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 1
1 1 X 0

Excitation Table

Q(t+1) = S+R.Q(t)
D Flip Flop

D Q(t+1)
0 0
1 1

Characteristic Table
D Q(t) Q(t+1)
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 1
1 1 1

Truth Table

Q(t) Q(t+1) D
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 0
1 1 1

Excitation Table

Q(t+1) = D
JK Flip Flop

J K Q(t+1)
0 0 No Change Q(t)
0 1 Reset (0)
1 0 Set (1)
1 1 Q(t) Turn Around Condition

Characteristic Table
J K Q(t) Q(t+1)
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
No Change
0 1 0 0
0 1 1 0 Reset
1 0 0 1
1 0 1 1
Set
1 1 0 1
1 1 1 0 Q(t)

Truth Table

Q(t) Q(t+1) J K
0 0 0 X
0 1 1 X
1 0 X 1
1 1 X 0

Excitation Table

Q(t+1) = J.Q(t)+K.Q(t)
T Flip Flop

T Q(t+1)
0 Q(t)
1 Q(t)

Characteristic Table
T Q(t) Q(t+1)
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

Truth Table

Q(t) Q(t+1) T
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

Excitation Table

Q(t+1) = T.Q(t)+T.Q(t)
= T⊕Q(t)
 Flip Flop Conversion

Implement D Flip Flop using SR Flip Flop

Or, Convert SR Flip Flop into D Flip Flop

Have to do Using
D SR
Left Right
Truth Table Excitation Table

Truth Table of D Flip Flop

No. D Q(t) Q(t+1) S R

0 0 0 0 0 X
1 0 1 0 0 1
2 1 0 1 1 0
3 1 1 1 X 0
Excitation Table of SR Flip Flop

Realization Table / Execution Table

S=D R=D

Block Diagram
Implement JK Flip Flop using SR Flip Flop
Or, Convert SR Flip Flop into JK Flip Flop

Truth Table of JK Flip Flop

No. J K Q(t) Q(t+1) S R

0 0 0 0 0 0 X
1 0 0 1 1 X 0
2 0 1 0 0 0 X
3 0 1 1 0 0 1
4 1 0 0 1 1 0
5 1 0 1 1 X 0
6 1 1 0 1 1 0
7 1 1 1 0 0 1
Excitation Table of SR Flip Flop

Realization Table / Execution Table

 S = J.Q(t)

R = K.Q(t)

Block Diagram
Implement T Flip Flop using SR Flip Flop
Or, Convert SR Flip Flop into T Flip Flop

Truth Table of T Flip Flop

No. T Q(t) Q(t+1) S R

0 0 0 0 0 X
1 0 1 1 X 0
2 1 0 1 1 0
3 1 1 0 0 1
Excitation Table of SR Flip Flop

Realization Table / Execution Table

S = T.Q(t) R = T.Q(t)

Block Diagram
MOD-3 Synchronous Counter Using T Flip Flop

Present State Next State

No. 2Q(t) 1Q(t) 2Q(t+1) 1Q(t+1) 2T 1T
0 0 0 0 1 0 1
1 0 1 1 0 1 1
2 1 0 0 0 1 0

Realization Table

2T = 2Q(t)+1Q(t) 1T = 2Q(t)
Block Diagram
MOD-3 Synchronous Counter Using JK Flip Flop

Present State Next State

No. 2Q(t) 1Q(t) 2Q(t+1) 1Q(t+1) 2J 2K 1J 1K
0 0 0 0 1 0 X 1 X
1 0 1 1 0 1 X X 1
2 1 0 0 0 X 1 0 X

Realization Table

2J = 1Q(t) 2K = 1

1J = 2Q(t) 1K = 1
Block Diagram
MOD-6 Asynchronous Counter

CP 3Q(t) 2Q(t) 1Q(t)

1 0 0 0
2 0 0 1
3 0 1 0
4 0 1 1
5 1 0 0
6 1 0 1
7 1 1 0 => 3Q(t).2Q(t)

Truth Table

Block Diagram
MOD-10 Asynchronous Counter

CP 4Q(t) 3Q(t) 2Q(t) 1Q(t)

1 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 1
3 0 0 1 0
4 0 0 1 1
5 0 1 0 0
6 0 1 0 1
7 0 1 1 0
8 0 1 1 1
9 1 0 0 0
10 1 0 0 1
11 1 0 1 0 => 4Q(t).2Q(t)

Truth Table

Block Diagram