BASIC TECHNOLOGY for JSS3
Lesson Note On BASIC TECHNOLOGY For JSS3
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The Lesson note covers all the 3 terms in a session (1st term, 2nd term & 3rd term),and it
is based on the latest NERDC / UBE Curriculum and applies to all Nigerian schools.
TABLE OF CONTENT
FIRST TERM
WEEK:1 TOPIC: CAREER PROSPECTS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN
TECHNOLOGY
WEEK 2: TOPIC: PROCESSING OF MATERIALS – WOOD (CONTD.)
WEEK:3: TOPIC: PRODUCTION OF MATERIALS – METALS
WEEK 4: TOPIC: PRODUCTION OF MATERIALS – CLAY, CERAMIC AND GLASS
WEEK 5: TOPIC: PRODUCTION OF MATERIALS – PLASTICS AND RUBBER
WEEK: 6: TOPIC: ISOMETRIC DRAWING
WEEK: 7: TOPIC: OBLIQUE DRAWING
WEEK: 8: ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
WEEK: 9: TOPIC: ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE DRAWING
SECOND TERM
Week 1: Topic: REVISION OF LAST TERM’S EXAM
Week 2: Topic: WOOD WORK MACHINES
Week 3: Topic: SIMPLE WOODWORK PROJECTS
Week 4: Topic: METAL WORK MACHINES
WEEK 5: Topic: PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENT AND MEASURING
WEEK 6: Topic: SOLDERING AND BRAZING
Week 7: Topic: MECHANICAL ENERGY TRANSMISSION SYSTEM (FRICTION)
Week 8: Topic: MECHANICAL ENERGY TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
Week 9: Topic: MECHANICAL ENERGY TRANSMISSION SYSTEM (Gears)
Week 10: Topic: MECHANICAL ENERGY TRANSMISSION SYSTEM (Linear
Motion)
Week 11: Topic: MECHANICAL ENERGY TRANSMISSION SYSTEM (Rotary
Motion)
THIRD TERM
WEEK 1: TOPIC: SIMPLE ELECTRICAL WIRING
WEEK 2: TOPIC: BUILDING (FOUNDATION)
WEEK 3: TOPIC: BUILDING (WALLS)
WEEK 4: PROCESSING OF MATERIALS (WOOD) – CONTD.
WEEK 5: PROCESSING OF WOOD CONTD.
WEEK: 6: TOPIC: ISOMETRIC DRAWING
BASIC TECHNOLOGY Lesson Notes CoversThe Following Topics
CAREER PROSPECTS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN TECHNOLOGY
PROCESSING OF MATERIALS – WOOD (CONTD.)
PRODUCTION OF MATERIALS – METALS
PRODUCTION OF MATERIALS – CLAY, CERAMIC AND GLASS
PRODUCTION OF MATERIALS – PLASTICS AND RUBBER
ISOMETRIC DRAWING
OBLIQUE DRAWING
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE DRAWING
WOOD WORK MACHINES
SIMPLE WOODWORK PROJECTS
METAL WORK MACHINES
PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENT AND MEASURING
SOLDERING AND BRAZING
MECHANICAL ENERGY TRANSMISSION SYSTEM (FRICTION)
MECHANICAL ENERGY TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
MECHANICAL ENERGY TRANSMISSION SYSTEM (Gears)
MECHANICAL ENERGY TRANSMISSION SYSTEM (Linear Motion)
MECHANICAL ENERGY TRANSMISSION SYSTEM (Rotary Motion)
SIMPLE ELECTRICAL WIRING
BUILDING (FOUNDATION)
BUILDING (WALLS)
PROCESSING OF MATERIALS (WOOD) – CONTD.
PROCESSING OF WOOD CONTD.
ISOMETRIC DRAWING
Sample note
Topic: Processing of Materials – Wood (contd.)
Outline:
— Conversion
— Seasoning
Conversion
Wood is obtained from trees that grow all around us. However, wood cannot be used
to produce the materials needed domestically and industrially, if the wood does not
pass through the necessary stages of being processed.
Wood conversion is the process of splitting the log at sawmill with sawing machines
into commercial and/or marketable sizes. The two popular methods of conversion are:
‘plain sawn’ and ‘quarter sawn’.
In the plain sawn method also commonly called flat sawn, is the most common type of
lumber cut you will find. Many operators prefer this method because it is a simple,
cheap and fast way to convert logs into planks suited to various needs. The annular
rings are generally 30 degrees or less to the face of the board; this is often referred to
as tangential grain. The log is converted into planks by cutting more attention than the
plain sawn method because the log has to be turned. The planks produced by this
method have stripe figures.
Quarter sawn is more expensive than plain sawn timber, it has an amazing straight
pattern that lends itself to design. Quarter sawn lumber is defined as wood where the
annular growth rings intersect the face of the board at a 60 to 90 degree angle. When
cutting this lumber at sawmill, each log is sawed at a radial angle into four quarters,
hence the name.
Quarter-sawn boards have greater stability of form and size with less cupping,
shrinkage across the width, shake and splitting, and other good qualities. In some
woods, such as oak, the grain produces a decorative effect which shows a prominent
ray fleck and sapele is likely to produce a ribbon figure.
Seasoning
Freshly cut wood contains a lot of water or moisture, which makes it heavy.
Seasoning is the process of reducing the water (moisture) in the wood. The reasons for
seasoning or drying wood are:
1. It makes wood more stable
2. It makes wood lighter in weight and therefore easier to transport
3. It generally makes wood stronger
4. It makes wood more durable because insects and fungi usually attack the starch
in the wet sapwood.
5. It makes wood absorb paints, polishes, etc., more easily
6. It makes wood absorb preservatives more easily
7. Wood may be seasoned either by air drying or kiln drying. Air drying involves
stacking planks one on top of the other with pieces of wood called stackers
used to separate them. The stack can either be in open air or under a roof. Air
drying takes a few days, this is because in kiln drying, the stack of timber is
placed in a specially heated chamber. The air is therefore hotter and dries the
timber faster.
Assessment
State five reasons for seasoning wood
