The document compares light weight concrete to conventional concrete. It discusses autoclaved aerated concrete blocks and how they are produced using aerating agents. Testing was done on materials and concrete mixtures to determine properties. Modelling in SAP 2000 software analyzed wall loads in a 2D frame model using both concrete types.
The document compares light weight concrete to conventional concrete. It discusses autoclaved aerated concrete blocks and how they are produced using aerating agents. Testing was done on materials and concrete mixtures to determine properties. Modelling in SAP 2000 software analyzed wall loads in a 2D frame model using both concrete types.
The document compares light weight concrete to conventional concrete. It discusses autoclaved aerated concrete blocks and how they are produced using aerating agents. Testing was done on materials and concrete mixtures to determine properties. Modelling in SAP 2000 software analyzed wall loads in a 2D frame model using both concrete types.
The document compares light weight concrete to conventional concrete. It discusses autoclaved aerated concrete blocks and how they are produced using aerating agents. Testing was done on materials and concrete mixtures to determine properties. Modelling in SAP 2000 software analyzed wall loads in a 2D frame model using both concrete types.
International Journal of Engineering Research in Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IJERMCE)
Special Issue National Conference on Advances in Civil and Mechanical Engineering (NCACME 17)
Comparative Study of Light Weight Concrete
[1] Chinmay S.M, [2] Swati G.M. [1] UG student ,Department of Civil Engineering, Girijabai Sail Institute of Technology, Karwar - 581345 [2] UG student, Department of Civil Engineering, AGMR College of Engineering & Technology Varur – Hubli - 581207
Abstract:- light weight concrete as become more popular in recent years owing to the tremendous advantages over the conventional concrete. The properties of light weight concrete can vary widely and it can be used in wide variety of applications. Light weight blocks can be used as an alternative to the conventional cement blocks that uses aerating agents like aluminum powder. concrete which is aerated using aerating or by using some expanding agents is known as light weight concrete, it is produced by initially making a slurry of cement + fly ash + water, which is further mixed with addition of aerators in an ordinary concrete mixer under ambient conditions. Application of light weight concrete is civil engineering works is broad as it can be used in almost every parts of building from superstructure right down to the substructure, including wall panels and roofing. In highway construction light weight concrete can be applied as a soil filling for sub base, bridge abutments and embankments. It is worth nothing that the use of light weight concrete in other countries such as Europe, Japan, and united kingdom etc.
tests were conducted on the raw materials such as normal
I. INTRODUCTION consistency test, initial & final setting time, specific gravity etc. and the results are as follows Since concrete is the major building material, there is a wide scope in innovation of concrete. Now a day‟s Light Table 1: Setting time of cement weight concrete plays an important role in construction Initial setting time 50minutes field. Light weight concrete can be defined as a type of Final setting time 5hours 40minutes concrete which includes an expanding agent in it that increases the volume of the mixture while reducing the dead Table 2: Normal consistency of cement weight. As it is lighter than a conventional concrete i.e. Weight of 35percent lower than a conventional concrete. The % weight of Penetration in Sl. no sample in conventional concrete made with natural aggregate water mm gm originating from hard rock has high density and represents 1 300 27 18 large proportion of dead load on structure and high thermal 2 300 28 11 conductivity. The main specialties of light weight concrete 3 300 29 5 as its low density, low thermal conductivity, permits greater Percentage weight of water = 29% design flexibility and substantional cost savings, reduced Calculation of mix design of M25 by referring IS dead load, small size structural members, less reinforcing a) Grade designation : M25 steel and lower foundations costs. The types of light weight b) Type of cement : OPC43 grade concrete are based on their curing methods such as foamed c) Nominal size of coarse aggregate : 6mm concrete & Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) d) Specific gravity of cement : 3.12 e) Specific gravity of coarse aggregate : 2.7 II. METHODOLOGY f) Specific gravity of fine aggregate : 2.65 In order to study the behavior of Autoclaved g) Water absorption Aerated concrete (AAC), conventional concrete testing was CA : 0.5% done to determine the material and structural properties of FA : 1% each type of light weight concrete and how will these 1) Target strength: properties differ according to different type of mixture and f'ck = fck+1.65s = 31.6 N/mm². its composition. Once concrete has hardened it can be For coarse aggregate 6mm of 208 liters subjected to a wide range of tests to prove its ability to Aggregate = (208 + 6) / (100 x 208) = 220.48 liters perform as planned or to discover its characteristics. Raw For 100mm slump materials collected are cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, fly ash, and aluminum powder. Some physical
Girijabai Sail Institute of Technology, Karwar 57 ISSN (Online) 2456-1290 International Journal of Engineering Research in Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IJERMCE) Special Issue National Conference on Advances in Civil and Mechanical Engineering (NCACME 17) 2) Calculation of cement content building is of height 3m.above beam 5,1m parapet wall load W/c = 0.5 Cement content = (220.48 / 0.5) is applied and fixed supports are used. = 440.96 Kg/m³ 440.96Kg/m³ > 240K/m³ Hence safe 3) From table, volume of CA corresponding to 6mm size aggregate and fine aggregate (Zone 1) 0.5 = 0.44 (From referring Zone III) Volume of CA = 0.46 Volume of FA = 1 - 0.46 = 0.54
4) Mix calculation: a) Volume of concrete = 1 m³
b) Volume of cement = (44 /3.12) x (1/1000)
= 0.014m³ c) Volume of water = (220/1) x (1/100) = 0.22 m³
d) Volume of all in aggregate = a- (b + c)
= 1 - (0.014 + 0.220) = 0.766 m³ e) Mass of CA = (0.766 x 0.54 x 2.7 x 1000) = 1116.82 Kg f) Mass of FA = (0.766 x 0.54 x 2.65 x 1000) = 1096.14 Kg
5) Mix proportioning:
Cement = 440 Kg/m3 Figure 3.1 shows the 2D single bay frame of 5 storey building. Water = 220 Kg/m3 After creating a 2Dframe of building, beam (450x150mm) and column (300x150mm) sizes are assigned FA = 1097 Kg/m3 to a frame, later a uniformly distributed load is defined for a frame, for conventional blocks UDL of 8.04kN/m is CA = 1117 Kg/m3 assigned and UDL (parapet wall of 1m height) of 2.68kN/m is assigned., for AAC blocks UDL of 3.19kN/m is assigned W/c ratio = 0.5 and UDL (Parapet wall of 1m height) of 1.06kN/m is assigned. 6) Mix ratio = 1: 2.49: 2.54 Casting, Curing And Testing Of Test Cubes WALL LOAD CALCULATIONS FOR A FRAME: Mixing the materials according to the mix design and pouring into the mould size of 600x200x150mm.For For Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) Blocks: Density = 7.11 kN/m3 conventional concrete blocks, cubes are casted and cured for Wall load = width of beam x height of the wall x density of 28days and tested its compressive Strength. For AAC block = 0.15 x 3 x 7.11 blocks, the readymade blocks taken from Ultra-tech building = 3.19 kN/m. products company, and its compressive strength as been Wall load for = width of beam x height of parapet wall x tested for 28days. density of block Parapet wall MODELLING IN SAP 2000 = 0.15 x 1 x 7.11 Using SAP 2000 software wall load analysis has been done = 1.06 kN/m in 2D frame model for both conventional and AAC blocks. Taking single bay of 5m width of 5storey building each
Girijabai Sail Institute of Technology, Karwar ISSN (Online) 2456-1290 International Journal of Engineering Research in Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IJERMCE) Special Issue National Conference on Advances in Civil and Mechanical Engineering (NCACME 17) = 2.68 kN/m
Figure 3.2 Assigned wall loads for Autoclaved Aerated
Concrete (AAC) blocks
Figure 3.4 shows the assigned wall loads for Conventional
blocks
Figure 3.3 shows the bending moment diagram for wall
load analysis for autoclaved aerated blocks. For Conventional Blocks: Density = 17.87 kN/m3 Wall load = (width of beam x height of the wall x density of block) = 0.15 x 3 x 17.87 = 8.04 kN/m Wall load = width of beam x height of parapet wall x density of block parapet wall Figure 3.5 shows the bending moment diagram for wall = 0.15 x 1 x 17.87 load analysis between conventional and AAC blocks
Girijabai Sail Institute of Technology, Karwar ISSN (Online) 2456-1290 International Journal of Engineering Research in Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IJERMCE) Special Issue National Conference on Advances in Civil and Mechanical Engineering (NCACME 17) III. RESULTS represents the comparison of compressive strength between Comparative Study Of Density Between Autoclaved conventional and AAC blocks. Aerated Concrete (Aac) Blocks And Conventional COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH = LOAD/AREA (N/mm²) Concrete The density, or more precisely, the volumetric Table 4 Comparison of support reactions for wall load mass density, of a substance is its mass per unit volume. The analysis between conventional and AAC blocks study of density of lightweight concrete leads important role in understanding the effect on strength, durability and resistance to permeability. For the determination of density of lightweight concrete, firstly weight the sample using weighing scale. After that we get the average weight of at least 3 samples. Finally find out the density using known formula-Table 3 represents the comparison of density between conventional and Autoclaved Aerated Concrete blocks. DENSITY = MASS/VOLUME (Kg/m³)
Table 3 comparison of midpoint moments for wall load
analysis between conventional and aac blocks. Applications Of Light Weight Concrete Light weight concrete can be used as follows. 1. As load bearing masonry walls using light weight concrete blocks. 2. Structurally aerated concrete is used mostly in the form of precast members or autoclaved blocks. It can also be used for floor construction in place of hallow tile floor. 3. As precast floor and roof panels in all types of building. 4. As partition walls in all types of building as residential, industrial, and institutional building.
IV. CONCLUSION Comparative Study Of Compressive Strength Between Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (Aac) Blocks And The initial findings have shown that the lightweight Conventional Block concrete has a desirable strength to be an alternative construction material for the industrialized building Compressive strength is the primary physical system. Lightweight concrete will be about 25 % lighter property of concrete (others are generally derived from it). than conventional concretes. Aerated lightweight Compressive strength is one of the most basic properties concrete is unlike conventional concrete in some mix used for quality control for lightweight concrete. materials and properties. Aerated lightweight concrete Compressive strength may be defined as the measured does not contain coarse aggregate, and it is possess maximum resistance of a concrete specimen to axial many beneficial such as low density with higher loading. It is originate by computing the uppermost strength compared with conventional concrete, reduced compression stress that a test cylinder or cube will support. dead load in the could result several advantages in There are three types of test that can be used to determine decrease structural elements and reduce the transferred compressive strength; cube, cylinder, or prism test. The load to the foundations and bearing capacity. Foamed „concrete cube test' is the most familiar test and is used as concrete is different in agent of forming air-voids as the standard method of measuring compressive strength for compared with autoclaved aerated concrete. The air- quality control purposes. The test voids in foamed concrete formed by foam agent, this operation is physical processing. Against the air-voids For determining the compressive strength is going in autoclaved aerated concrete formed by addition to be done and is calculated by the formula-Table 4 that aluminum powder to the other materials and reaction
Girijabai Sail Institute of Technology, Karwar ISSN (Online) 2456-1290 International Journal of Engineering Research in Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IJERMCE) Special Issue National Conference on Advances in Civil and Mechanical Engineering (NCACME 17) between them, and this operation is chemical Research Volume 4, Issue 5, May-2013 ISSN 2229- processing. The air-voids is homogenous distribution 5518. within aerated lightweight concrete. Aerated [12] S. Somi, “Humidity intrusion effects on properties of lightweight concrete is considering economy in autoclaved aerated concrete,” M.S. thesis, Eastern materials and consumption of by-product and wastes Mediterranean University, North Cyprus, 2011. materials such as fly ash.
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