Time Period:

“Open your mouth and shut your eyes and see what Zeus will send you.”
-Aristophanes 457 BCE - 6th AD
th

The pediments of the temple dff

displayed magnificent
sculpture: on the east side
the mythical chariot race,
and on the western pediment
What Happened To
The Temple Of
a battle scene with centaurs
with the majestic central
ARCHITECTURE of GREEK Temples:- BRIEF:
Zeus? figure of Apollo. Metopes Cornice: A boundary Type: Greek Temple
Pediment: The triangular area
from the temple represented
on the front top of the temple, kind which crowns Architecture Style: Ancient
6th AD, Olympia: the labours of Hercules.
depicting some kind of a story. the entablature. Greek Architecture.
The Temple was Location: Olympia, Greece.
Corinthian: Very
never entirely
beautiful decorated Construction Complete: c.
completed. It went 457 BC
pillars on top of the
under renovation
column. Destroyed: 6th AD
many times.
Entablature: The area
Both the temple
Many of these decorative between the Column and
and the Statue of
figures sculptures survive today pediment.
Zeus were and can be seen at the museum
destroyed by an at the archaeological site of
earthquake. Olympia.
Historical Overview:- Layout:- Statue of Zeus:-
Located south-east of The monumental statue of Zeus at Olympia in Greece
Athens’ acropolis near the was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
HADRIAN, THE GREAT
River Ilissos, the temple
PHILHELLENE, FINALLY Created in 430s BCE under the supervision of the
would become the city’s
largest. The site shows MANAGED TO FINISH master Greek sculptor Phidias, the huge ivory and gold
evidence of habitation from ONE OF THE BIGGEST statue was bigger even
the Neolithic Period while EVER ANCIENT than that of Athena in
Pausanias think that it was the Parthenon.
TEMPLES. The temple was given extra
first created by the mythical Worshipped by pilgrims
creature of Deukalion. grandeur by being built in an
The work from across the
F open space. This area was
only reached Mediterranean, the
U enclosed by a low porus wall
till the statue inspired countless
buttressed with regularly
N limestone spaced Corinthian columns imitations and defined
base before set along the interior face. A the standard
F Peisistratus representation of Zeus in
propylon gate in Hymettan
A was deposed marble was placed in a north- Greek and Roman art in
and the
C west corner of the wall. sculpture, on coins, on
project was
T There were originally around
pottery, and gemstones. Lost in later Roman times
The tyrant Peisistratus the abandoned.
Younger began to build a 104 columns. The columns following its removal to Constantinople, Phidias’
new and much bigger Doric are capped by highly masterpiece captivated the ancient world for 1000 years
Temple in 515 BCE. decorative Corithian capitals and was the must see sight for anyone who attended the
carved from two massive ancient Olympic Games.
blocks of marbles. - Aishi Mohan
 Time Period:
185 BC- Present

dff

DISCOVERY
INTRODUCTION The forceful drape of the clothes
suggests they are responding to French diplomat and amateur
archaeologist Charles
‘Winged Victory of Samothrace’, Pythokritos, c. 220-185 external force, such as wind, etc.
Champoiseau unearthed the
BC. Created by the sculptor Pythokritos, the Winged This is also an early example of a Winged Victory in April of
Victory of Samothrace is renowned as an example of design sculpture based on themes of 1863.
from the Hellenistic period. justice, vengeance and peace. While he reassembled 23 blocks
The woman is created
•This monument was unearthed in that compose the ship, he sent the figure back to Paris just as he found it: in
from Paros marble, three pieces.
1863 on the small island of
while the platform she
Samothrace in the northwest
stands
marble
on
found
features
on
Aegean. •This is one of the ASTHETIC
masterpieces of Hellenistic The nude female body is revealed by the transparency of the wet drapery,
Rhodes. Depicted as if
sculpture. The figure creates a much in the manner of classical works from the fifth century BC.
manning the helm of a
spiralling effect in a composition
ship or in mid- fight, the •The Winged Victory of Samothrace, the goddess looks like she just landed
that opens out in various
Winged Victory of on the bow of a ship. Indeed, the sculpture celebrated a naval battle which
directions.
Samothrace must have occurred at the beginning of the 2nd century B.C.
effervescence with •The 18-foot sculpture depicts
energy as her clothes •The decorative richness, sense of volume, and intensity of movement are
Nike, the Greek goddess of victory
in the form of a winged woman characteristic of a Rhodium style that prefigures the baroque creations of the
pull and fold around the
standing on the prow of a ship. Pergamum school (180-160 BC).
body,
 Though the marble used to build
ORIGIN the statue came from Paros and the POP CULTURE SIGIFFICANCE
one used for the bow from Rhodes, The victory of Samothrace is one of
the sculpture itself was created in a
the Louvre’s most emblematic
third Greek Island: Samothrace,
located in the Northern part of the pieces of art. -The legendary
Aegean Sea. musicians Beyoncé and JayZ chose
The Victory of Samothrace was to give such a prominent place to
slowly pieced back together over the sculpture within their
time. “Apeshit” music video filmed at The Louvre.
To this day her head and
arms remain lost, though In 1971, the American It influenced the
American Archaeologists designer Carolyn French Sculpture Abel
discovered her hand in Davidson completely Lafleur who created
1950, which is also rebranded the blue FIFA World Cup’s
exhibited in the museum. Ribbon Sports trophy in 1929, which
Company by was
renaming it
renamed as
after the
Today, the fragmented hand can goddess’s The Jules Rimet Trophy.
be viewed at the top of the name-
Louvre’s Daru Staircase, where Nike- and by referring
the Winged Victory has been on to her wing through the
display since 1883. Over 7 Million new logo’s shape, the
visitors walk up to the majestic famous “swoosh”. -Prakhar Singh
staircase.
 It is an imposing temple of the Doric order whose existence was woven through the turbulent history of
the site, and endured numerous incarnations before it settled to the ruinous state we find it today. The
temple was first built around the 7th c. BC by two legendary architects Trophonios and Agameded.
The temple is midway up the Rebuilt after a fire in the 6th c. B.C., it was named the “Temple of Alcmeonidae” in tribute to the
sacred site on the slopes of Mt. Athenian family that oversaw its construction. Destroyed in 373 B.C. by an earthquake, it was rebuilt for
Parnassus. Above it, an the third time in 330 B.C.
impressive amphitheater is The Oracle at Delphi
tucked into the natural crescent
The words were spoken by a priestess,
formed by the mountains. Still
higher, the large ancient Oracles known as the Pythia. (In one of the myths of
Apollo, the god slew a monstrous serpent,
stadium was the site of the
Pythian Games, in their day, The ancient Greek world was full of the Python.) She may have entered a
bigger and more important than Gods who controlled the fate of trance, being exposed to vapours
the Olympics. Below the mankind. In such an, mortals wanted to emanating from the earth. She then
Temple, in the Valley of Phocis, prophesied while in a trancelike state. For a
find out what the gods had in store. An
a deep green river of millions of long time, scientists thought they had
olive trees spreads and plunges oracle was a gateway to knowing the
disproved the idea of vapors and smells
from the mountains toward the will of the gods, cosmic information
written about by contemporaries of the
sea. In the midst of all this super highway for understanding what So important was this sanctuary and its oracle that
Oracle and reported by locals. But in the
splendor, lie the ruins of the lay ahead. Delphi came to be known as the omphalus- the belly
1980s, other scientists examining this area
temple, six Doric columns and a button- of the ancient Greek world
layered platform of dressed found evidence of fissures in the earth
stones. It was here that Apollo beneath. In 2001, scientists from Wesleyan Individuals, cities and kings would come from across
spoke in prophesy and riddles University discovered two major fault lines the world to put their questions about their future
(through the voice of the Pythia) capable of releasing natural gas, which plans to the Delphic oracle and wait for a response
the Delphic Oracle, and the fate crossed right under the temple where the about what the Gods thought.
of the ancient world was chamber would have been located.
shaped. -Charuvi Ranjan
 Naturally, as always in Greek athletics, the
The original statue
Discobolus is completely Nude. His pose is
said to be completely nude unnatural to a Made of bronze is
human and today considered a rather lost but it is
A The Discobolus of Myron
inefficient way to throw the discus. Experts known today
also known as the "discus through
B thrower" is a Greek since antiquity have noted how the fluidity
of movement in the body combines with a numerous marble
sculpture completed at the Roman copies.
O calm expression on the Face as if thrower
start of the Classical period,
figuring a youthful athlete has achieved a perfect state of control in
U
mind, body and spirit. Or did Myron’s
throwing discus, about desire for perfection lead him to suppress
T 460–450 BC.
the thrower’s emotions.
Roman versions of the
The original Discobolus is attributed to the Greek sculptor Discobolus adorned
Myron, a contemporary of Phidias and Polycleitus and numerous villas as a symbol
famous in antiquity for his representations of athletes. His of the cultured taste and
discus-thrower was admired not only for the way it status of the owner. One of
conveys movement. the most famous is the
And action in a single poses, Palomar Discobolus from Another Roman version
Rome, now on display in the known as the Townley
but also for capturing Greek
ideals about proportion, National Museum of Rome. Discobolus was pictured
harmony, rhythm and balance. This statue was notoriously on the official poster for
Myron is often credited with sold to Adolf Hitler in 1938 the London Olympics in
as a trophy of the Aryan 1948.
being the first sculptor to
master this style. race, but returned to Italy in
1948. -Anushka Sinha
The Erechtheion or Erechtheium is an ancient Greek temple on the
north side of the Acropolis of Athens in Greece which was
dedicated to both Athena and Poseidon.
The Erechtheion is an
ionic temple finished in
406 BC during the high
classical era and its It houses Athena’s offering
to the people of Athens
architect is believed to which was an olive tree, a
be Mnesikles. symbol of peace and
fertility.

The infamous porch of maidens is located on the

The Erechtheion has a unique south side of the temple.
architectural layout. It is not a
standard symmetric temple
with its multitude of porches.
This is due to the location of
the Erechtheion which is
scrunched into a small space
between the sacred site where
a former temple for Athena
resided and the cliff.
The ionic order on the Erechtheion is marked The stance of the
by slender columns, decorative details all maidens is in
around and the recognisable scroll shapes on contrapposto.
the capital. Despite the structures varying
levels of height and multitude of porches the
building seems connected and unified through
the continuous detailed frieze wrapping
around the temple’s tablature.

The Erechtheion is quite an

elaborate temple built with ionic
order which is in contrast to the
Parthenon’s strong Doric order.

The famous porch of the maidens displays six

women bearing the full weight of the porch.
Each statue shows the relationship between
the Greek’s post and lintel system and the
human body.

-Divya Vardayini
https://www.ancient.eu/Statue_of_Zeus_at_Olympia/ https://www.culture24.org.uk/home

https://www.ancient.eu/article/815/temple-of-olympian-zeus-athens/ https://wordpress.com/ http://www.hiddenhistory.co.uk/2017/03/28/the-discobolus/

Pic 1- https://www.ancient.eu/img/r/p/500x600/5417.jpg Pic 1- https://www.greektravel.com/greekislands/samothraki/ https://www.brown.edu/Departments/Joukowsky_Institute/courses/greekpast/
Pic 2- https://my-little-academia.tumblr.com/ Pic 2- https://www.ancientworldmagazine.com/winged-victory-nike-samothrace/ Pic 1- http://www.hiddenhistory.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/03
Pic 3- https://www.beazley.ox.ac.uk/Sculpturet/OlympiaEPed.htm Pic 3- https://www.louvre.fr/winged-victory-samothracerediscovering- Pic 2- https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https://i.pinimg.com/originals
masterpiece
Pic 4- https://www.slideshare.net/mhall9488/greek-temple-decorations
Pic 3-
Pic 4- https://www.nationalfootballmuseum.com/jules-rimet-trophy/ https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https://media.britishmuseum.org/
Pic 5- http://www.eveandersson.com/ temple-of-olympian-zeus-column-
detail.html Pic 5- https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/louvre-beyonce-jay-z-video Pic 4- https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https://upload.wikimedia.org/
Pic 6- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statue_of_Zeus_at_Olympia Pic 6- https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo/daru-staircase.html

https://catbirdingreece.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/p9105738.jpg Pic 1- https://www.wattpad.com/story/164304971

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erechtheion
https://www.tripsavvy.com/thmb/1%29/temple-of-apollo--ca-330-bc--delphi-- Pic 2- https://www.ancient.eu/image/2422/columns-temple-of-apollo-side/
unesco-world-heritage-lis https://www.commonlit.org/texts/athena-and-poseidon-s-
Pic 3- http://www.hiddenhistory.co.uk/2017/03/28/the-discobolus/
https://www.worldeasyguides.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Where-is-
contest-for-athens
Pic 4- https://www.ancient.eu/article/815/temple-of-olympian-zeus-athens/
Delphi-530x480.jpg
Video Reference:-
Pic 5- https://www.ancientworldmagazine.com/winged-victory-nike-
https://www.tripsavvy.com/thmb/rdrUSDXRaBxo8UAjM9wQpGVgL5g=/2
samothrace/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qv5IgcHtoaU
Ancient Greece: Oracles, Prophecy & the Gods - HistoryExtra
Pic 6- https://www.archaeology.org/athens-acropolis-erechteion-restoration
Temple of Apollo at Delphi: The Complete Guide (tripsavvy.com) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ebYvMC12HI

Temple of Apollo at Delphi (ancient-greece.org)