The document provides an overview of basic commands and operations in Kali Linux including understanding the interface, directory structure, users, permissions, and examples of installing packages and using tools for networking, security assessments, and system administration. It includes descriptions of many common Linux commands and their usage.
The document provides an overview of basic commands and operations in Kali Linux including understanding the interface, directory structure, users, permissions, and examples of installing packages and using tools for networking, security assessments, and system administration. It includes descriptions of many common Linux commands and their usage.
The document provides an overview of basic commands and operations in Kali Linux including understanding the interface, directory structure, users, permissions, and examples of installing packages and using tools for networking, security assessments, and system administration. It includes descriptions of many common Linux commands and their usage.
The document provides an overview of basic commands and operations in Kali Linux including understanding the interface, directory structure, users, permissions, and examples of installing packages and using tools for networking, security assessments, and system administration. It includes descriptions of many common Linux commands and their usage.
Written by Turzo Roy American International University Bangladesh (AIUB)
Special thanks to Geeky Hub (Youtube channel)
Date: th 19 May 2022
NB: This note is 95% hand written. As I am not an expert in English, maybe there are some spelling mistakes. Also, my hand writing is not good, for that it’s may not understandable to all. I am really sorry for that. I did complete the note by watching this video: https://youtu.be/lWK9NmYSaks Table of contents ➢ INTRODUCTION TO KALI LINUX………………………… 1-3
➢ UNDERSTANDING KALI LINUX INTERFACE………… 3-6
➢ BASIC COMMANDS AND OPERATIONS…………...... 7-9
➢ DIRECTORY TREE HIERARCHY IN LINUX………..…... 10
➢ TYPES OF USERS IN KALI LINUX…………………………. 11-12
➢ FILES PERMISSIONS AND USERS & GROUPS………. 12-14
➢ HOW TO INSTALL PACKAGES IN LINUX………………. 15
➢ TRYING PHISHING (HIDDENEYE) IN KALI…………….. 16-17
➢ TRYING DATAHIDING (STEGHIDE) IN KALI…………… 17-18
➢ TRYING KEYLOGGER (BEELOGGER) IN KALI…………. 19-20
➢ TRYING NMAP (NETWORK MAPPER) IN KALI………. 21
➢ BASH SCRIPTING BASICS……………………………………… 22-23
➢ COMMANDS……………………………………………………….. 24-27 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 File Commands ls Directory listing ls -al Formatted listing with hidden files ls -lt Sorting the Formatted listing by time modification cd dir Change directory to dir cd Change to home directory pwd Show current working directory mkdir dir Creating a directory dir cat >file Places the standard input into the file more file Output the contents of the file head file Output the first 10 lines of the file tail file Output the last 10 lines of the file tail -f file Output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines touch file Create or update file rm file Deleting the file rm -r dir Deleting the directory rm -f file Force to remove the file rm -rf dir Force to remove the directory dir cp file1 file2 Copy the contents of file1 to file2 cp -r dir1 dir2 Copy dir1 to dir2; create dir2 if not present mv file1 file2 Rename or move file1 to file2, if file2 is an existing directory ln -s file link Create symbolic link to file
Process management ps To display the currently working processes top Display all running process
24 kill pid Kill the process with given pid killall proc Kill all the process named proc pkill pattern Will kill all processes matching the pattern bg List stopped or background jobs, resume a stopped job in the background fg Brings the most recent job to foreground fg n Brings job n to the foreground
File Permission chmod octal file Change the permission of file to octal, which can be found separately for user, group, world by adding, • 4-read(r) • 2-write(w) • 1-execute(x)
Searching grep pattern file Search for pattern in file grep -r pattern dir Search recursively for pattern in dir command | grep Search pattern in the output of a command pattern locate file Find all instances of file find . -name Searches in the current directory (represented by a filename period) and below it, for files and directories with names starting with filename pgrep pattern Searches for all the named processes, that matches with the pattern and, by default, returns their ID
System Info date Show the current date and time cal Show this month's calendar uptime Show current uptime w Display who is on line whoami Who you are logged in as
25 finger user Display information about user uname -a Show kernel information cat /proc/cpuinfo Cpu information cat proc/meminfo Memory information man command Show the manual for command df Show the disk usage du Show directory space usage free Show memory and swap usage whereis app Show possible locations of app which app Show which applications will be run by default Compression tar cf file.tar file Create tar named file.tar containing file tar xf file.tar Extract the files from file.tar tar czf file.tar.gz Create a tar with Gzip compression files tar xzf file.tar.gz Extract a tar using Gzip tar cjf file.tar.bz2 Create tar with Bzip2 compression tar xjf file.tar.bz2 Extract a tar using Bzip2 gzip file Compresses file and renames it to file.gz gzip -d file.gz Decompresses file.gz back to file
Network ping host Ping host and output results whois domain Get who is information for domains dig domain Get DNS information for domain dig -x host Reverse lookup host wget file Download file wget -c file Continue a stopped download
26 Shortcuts ctrl+c Halts the current command ctrl+z Stops the current command, resume with fg in the foreground or bg in the background ctrl+d Logout the current session, similar to exit ctrl+w Erases one word in the current line ctrl+u Erases the whole line ctrl+r Type to bring up a recent command !! Repeats the last command exit Logout the current session
