I.
EXERCISES
Exercise 9.1:
Focus: Identifying and correcting errors involving parallelism.
Directions: If the underlined form is parallel to other forms in the sentence, mark
the sentence C. If the underlined form is not parallel, mark the sentence X and
write a correction for the underlined form in the blank at the end of the sentence.
The first one is done as an example.
X, grinding 1. Because of their hardness, industrial diamonds can be used for
cutting, grind, and drilling.
X, industrial 2. Sacramento is the commercial, industry, and financial center of
California's Central Valley, as well as being the state capital.
C 3. Philosophers are concerned with questions about nature, human behavior,
society, and reality.
X, warm 4. When taking part in winter sports, one should wear clothing that
is lightweight, warmth, and suitable for the activity.
X, stories 5. Folklore consists of the beliefs, customs, traditions, and telling
stories that people pass from generation to generation.
C 6. Major sources of noise pollution include automobiles and other vehicles,
industrial plants, and heavy construction equipment.
C 7. Steel is alloyed with manganese to increase its strength, hardness, and
resistance to wear.
X, religion 8. Scholar John Fiske wrote on history, religious, and social issues.
X, heat 9. Electricity is used to light, hot, and cool buildings.
X, a critic 10. T. S. Eliott was equally distinguished as a poet, he wrote
criticism, and a dramatist.
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EXERCISE 9.2
Focus: Identifying and correcting errors with parallel structures. (Note: One or
two items in this exercise do not focus on errors involving parallel structures.
These are marked in the answer key with an asterisk.)
Directions: Decide which of the four underlined words or phrases-(A), (B), (C),
or (D)-would not be considered correct, and write the letter of that expression in
the blank. Then, in the line at the end of the sentence, write a correction for the
underlined phrase. The first one is done as an example.
B 1. Computers are often used to control, adjustment, and correct complex
A B C
industrial operations. Adjust
D
D 2. The bellflower is a wildflower that grows in shady fields, in marshes, and
A B C
mountain slopes. In
mountain
D
A 3. Eggs may be boiled in the shell, scrambled, fried, and cooked in countless
A B C
another ways.
D
A 4. Many places of history, scientific, cultural, or scenic importance have
been A B C
designated national monuments. Historical
D
A 5. R. Buckminster Fuller was a design, an architect, an inventor, and an engineer.
A desaigner
C 6. Modern motorcycles are lighter, faster, and specialized than motorcycles of
A B C D
25 years ago. And more specialized
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D 7. Many people who live near the ocean depend on it as a source of food,
A B
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recreation, and to have economic opportunities. And
economic opportinities
C
D
B 8. Large commercial fishing vessels are equipped to clean, packaging, and freeze
A B C
the fish that they catch at sea. Package/pack verb
D
C 9. As a breed, golden retrievers are intelligent, loyalty, and friendly dogs. loyal
A B C
D
D 10. Mathematics can be considered a language, an art, a science, a tool, or
A B C
playing a game.
D
A game
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