CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Luzon, the Philippines' largest and most populous island, is a political and economic

powerhouse. It is home to the dynamic capital city of Manila, a thriving business hub, as well as

a diversified terrain that includes bustling urban areas, breathtaking mountain ranges, and

pristine coasts. Luzon's rich history and cultural legacy make it a desirable destination for both

domestic and international visitors.

The Philippines' major island of Luzon has seen an increase in air travel demand, both

domestically and internationally. This expansion has shown the serious limitations of the current

Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA), which is significantly above its original capacity.

To solve this serious issue, several studies have been done to investigate the feasibility of

building a new or expanded international airport in Luzon.

According to the Philippine News Agency, Luzon remains a key focus of national

infrastructure development plans. The island is the site of ongoing large transportation

developments, including as airport expansions, highway building, and seaport upgrading.

According to the PNA, these improvements are intended to increase connectivity, stimulate

economic growth, and improve the lives of individuals and enterprises throughout Luzon.

DESIGN OVERVIEW

There are three existing international airports in Luzon. Each airport will have distinct

design elements based on its history and development plans. NAIA is an existing airport that has

undergone modifications over time. Clark is expanding rapidly, and the Bulacan Airport is a new

project still in the construction phase. Airports are complex. Designs must consider passenger

terminals, runways, air traffic control, cargo facilities, and ground transportation connections.

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The specific design of each element depends on the airport's anticipated traffic volume, type of

airlines it serves, and overall strategic goals.

With this, we are to design a complex international airport that will represent the Northern

Samar Province and serve as the gateway of the region. The airport must be capable of handling

an international aircraft and must follow the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines Manual

Standards. The said development will include the following structure:

1. Terminal Building

 Lobby

 Check -in Counter

 Departure Area

 Arrival Area

 Baggage Claim Area

 Concession Area

2. Airside

 Runway

 Taxiway

 Apron

 Hangar

 Fire Department Station

 Control Tower

3. Landside

 Curb Side

 Parking Area

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 DESIGN OBJECTIVES

This development aims:

a) To select the most suitable site that is accessible to public

b) To generate a concept for the proposed international airport that is adaptable to the

weather and topographical conditions of the selected site.

c) To design an airport that meets the requirement of durability, maintenance, insurability,

quality and safety of the users.

d) To create a design that reflects the composite understanding of several interrelated factors

including aircraft performance and size, air traffic management, demand for safe and

effective operation, the effect of noise on communities, and obstacles in the airways.

e) To design a terminal in a way that it creates more profit than its expenses.

f) To arrange the spaces that will allow natural lighting as well as better circulation and

proper ventilation.

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 CHAPTER II

SITE OVERVIEW

Vigan City, Ilocos Sur, Luzon, Philippines

Vigan, the capital town of Ilocos Sur is situated along the western coast of Northern

Luzon. It is bounded on the north by the municipality of Bantay; on the east by the municipality

of Santa; on the south by the municipality of Caoayan; on the west by the municipality of Sta.

Catalina and lastly, on the southwest by the China Sea. It is 408 kilometers from Manila; 80 km.

from Laoag City and 139 km. from San Fernando, La Union.

It has a total land area of 2,886.085 hectares or 28.86085 sq. km. The heart of Vigan is

located approximately between the meridian 120 23’15” east longitude and the parallel 17

34’30” north latitude.

AREA: 451.40 HECTARES

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

LINE BEARING DISTANCE

1-2 S 88°25'7" E 659.221m
2-3 N 55°54'14" E 647.621m
3-4 N 79°2'22" E 2106.784m
4-5 S 54°48'55" E 1121.868m
5-6 N 75°33'33" E 640.693m
6-7 S 8°41'44" E 306.841m
7-8 S 75°6'2" W 4750.567m
8-9 N 11°43'34" W 352.292m
9-10 N 76°14'16" E 540.622m

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 10-11 N 9°27'4" W 601.433m
11-12 N 86°13'3" W 697.623m
12-1 N 28°58'48" E 175.120m

1. Land Use Map (Zoning

Map)- the site is under the

agricultural zone of the city.

2.Topography- The relief of Vigan-Bantay plain is actively level to undulating with a slope

ranging from 0% to 8%.

Vigan in particular is

generally level with several

hills in Brgy. Tamag,

Bulala and Salindeg,

sometimes reaching about

50 meters in elevation and has a slope ranging from 3% to 8%.

3. Location / Orientation- – the site can accommodate an approximately 3km runway facing

southeast (to the China Sea) and bounded on the northwest by the municipality of Sta.Catalina.

4. Flood Map- the site has a high

susceptibility of flood risks

5. Earthquake-Induced Landslide – the site is not

susceptible to any earthquake induced landslide.

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6. Ground Rupture – the site does not have any active faults.

7. Liquification - the site’s soil is highly

susceptible to liquification when ground water

is forced out during an earthquake.

10. Tsunami- the majority of the site not susceptible

to tsunami.

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 CHAPTER III

SCHEMATIC DESIGN PROCESS

SPACE COMPUTATION

The international airport is divided into three components, the airside, landside and terminal.

A. TERMINAL BUILDING
a) Entrance – area where initial probing of passengers happens/checking of IDs

b) Lobby – serves as the main circulation space leading to the concession and other

public spaces where ATM Machines are located.

c) Information Desk – where passengers can inquire, Flight Information Display

d) Lounge – an area where passengers can sit, wait and relax when they are waiting

e) Check -in Baggage Counter – area where passengers check in their baggage that are

not allowed for hand carry in their respective airlines and where they can get their

boarding pass to go through the departure area.

f) Baggage Handling Room (Outbound) – a space where the baggage goes along a

conveyer belt where it is inspected for dangerous materials such as explosives, etc.,

and where they are sorted as they proceed to be loaded on the aircraft.

g) Concession Area – an area where passengers can buy/ other businesses can operate

i.e., pasalubong shops.

h) Public Toilet – separate toilet for Male, Female and PWD

i) Employee’s Lounge – a room where employees including the pilot, staff and flight

attendants sit, relax and wait. Adjacent to the employee’s locker room where they

can change and store their personal belongings.

j) Utility Room – a room where mechanical and electrical utilities operate.

k) Departure Area – a secured area where passengers wait for their departure flights.

An airside public toilet and concession spaces are provided as well as other

commodities to accommodate the passenger’s needs.

l) Arrival Area – area where passengers wait before claiming their baggage

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m) Baggage Claim Area – an area where passengers get their baggage in a conveyer

belt.

n) Baggage Handling Room (Inbound) – a room where the staff unloads the baggage

and placed in a conveyer belt and be distributed to the passengers.

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A. AIRSIDE

a) Runway – used for takeoff and landing of aircraft

● Material used in the runway is asphalt as it is easier to repair on an

ongoing basis.

● According to ICAO airbus aircraft Airbus A330, A340, A350, Boeing

777, 787, and 747 are compatible with 60 m wide and at least 3,500-

meter length runway

● Runway Area = 60m x 3,500m

= 210,000 sqm

Turning pad - 180° turn (30m radius from runway centerline)

b) Taxiway – a pathway for aircraft connecting the runway, apron, hangars etc.

● According to FAA recommendation, minimum width of taxiway is 23m,

however, 26.5m is adopted for the width in order to secure the required

clearance between the wheels of maneuvering aircraft and the edge of the

taxiway.

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c) Apron – area where an aircraft is parked, unloaded or loaded, refueled, boarded

and sometimes maintained. Accessible to passengers than taxiway and runway.

● The stand safety line (Aircraft Safety Area) – min. 7.5 m from aircraft

where no vehicles must be parked before complete stop of aircraft.

● Apron Total

Area = 118.53

sqm +

3(164.687sqm)

+ 27.258 sqm

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 = 639.849 sqm

d) Hangars – an enclosed space which holds the aircraft in protective storage and

where aircraft are repaired. It is also a place where other equipment is stored

when not in used.

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 ● Aircraft is airbus A319, A320 and A321.

- A321 (Domestic) has the longest fuselage and can accommodate

between 170 to 200 passengers.

- 44.51 (Overall length) x 3.7 (cabin length) = 164.687 sqm

● Total Area of Hangar = 2(164.687 sqm) + 60.06 sqm

= 389.434 sqm

e) Fire Rescue Department – area near the runway. Responds to airport fires and

hazardous spills on airport property.

● Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting Apparatus (ARFF) Rosenbauer.

7.7m (Length) x 3.54 m (width) = 27.258 sqm

● FED Total Area = 45.17 sqm + 27.258 sqm

= 72.428 sqm

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 f) Control Tower – a building where instructions are given to aircraft when they are

taking off or landing.

● Minimum height of tower is 15m

B. LANDSIDE

a) Curb side – a roofed roadway that facilitates the passengers in the transfer

between ground transportation system and the terminal building.

● 10m (width)

b) Parking Area – where employees and other partners park their vehicles.

● 1 car slot per 1,000 sqm of lot area (NBCP)

● 45,330 sqm / 1,000 = 45.33 car slots

3 (3.70m x 5.00m) = 55.5 sqm (PWD)

43 (2.50m x 5.00m) = 537.5 sqm

Parking Total Area = 55.5 sqm + 537.5 = 593 sqm

c) Civil Aviation Authority Office – operates and maintain national airports, air

navigation and other similar facilities.

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 d) Taxi/Timbol Stand – a queue area where land vehicles may park and line up

while waiting for passengers.

e) Cargo Services – offices that handles cargo shipments, land leases

● Storage – 3m x 3m = 9m

● Loading/ Unloading Area =

● Parking for Trucks

FACILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR VIGAN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

At Present Future Expansion

Item
2025 2030 2040 2050
1. Annual Passengers (2-way) 61,335 76,599 106,079 145,699
Domestic 34,458 43,668 61,456 85,362
International 26,877 32,931 44,623 60,337
2. Annual Cargo (tons) 896,208 1,107,149 1,514,544 2,062,048
3. Annual Air traffic Movements (2- 61,334 76,599 106,079 145,699
way)
Domestic 34,458 43,668 61,456 85,362
International 26,877 32,931 44,623 60,337
5. Peak-Hour Passengers (1-way) 8,917 10,963 14,795 20,609
Domestic 4,114 5,100 6,885 9,952
International 4,803 5,863 7,910 10,657
6. Peak-Hour Passengers (2-way) 17,835 21,928 29,771 40,219
Domestic 8,229 10,201 13,951 18,904
International 9,606 11,727 15,820 21,315
7. Peak-Hour Aircraft (1-way) 59
Domestic 30
International 29
8. Design Aircraft A320 A320 A321/B767/A330
9. Longest Destination
Domestic Manila/Cebu
International ASEAN Nations
10 Aerodrome Reference Code 4F
.
11 Fire Fighting Category Cat 6 Cat 6 Cat 9
.
12 Operational Category Precision CAT 1: 24 hours
.
13 Runway Length (m) 3,500
.

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 - Width (m) 60
14 Runway Strip Length (m) 3,500
.
- Width (m) 60
15 Taxiway parallel
.
16 Apron Parking Slots 70 76 100 114
Domestic 27 30 42 49
17 International 43 46 58 65
.
- Dom (13-16m²/2-way peak Pax) 1,600 9,660 15,470 20,010
- Intl (16-20m²/2-way peak Pax) 3,200 common 5,810 7,380
use
18 Water Demand (m³ /day) - 325 425 525
.
19 Electricity (KVA for contract) - 3,000
.
Note: the number of passengers is based on the NAIA Peak-hour Passenger Movement

MATRIX

A. Passenger Terminal Building

1. Public Space
a. Lobby/Waiting Area
b. Information w/ Flight Schedule Board
c. Waiting Area (Seated)
d. Greeters Area
e. Airline Ticketing Office
 Waiting Area
f. Concession Space
 Snack Bar
 Coffee shop
 Pasalubong
Shop
 Tables and
Chairs
g. ATM Booths

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 h. Payphone Booths
i. Restrooms
 Male
 Female
 PWD
j. Pocket Garden
k. Circulation Paths

2. Departure Area
a. Baggage Trolley Parking
b. Curbside Queuing
c. Terminal Entrance
d. Passenger & Baggage Screening
e. Passenger Lobby (seated)
 Pass-through area
 Queuing for Check-in
f. Medical Facility
 Isolation Area
g. Self-Service Check-in
h. Check-in Counters
 Baggage
Conveyor
 Support Offices
i. Outbound Baggage
Room
j. Terminal Fee Booths
k. Circulation
 Hallways
 Escalator
 Elevator
 Stairs
l. Payphones
m. Restrooms
 Male
 Female
 PWD
 Janitor’s Closet
n. Immigration Area
 First Level Security
 Second Level Security
o. Pre-departure Screening
 Queuing Area
 Hand-carry X-ray Station
p. Departing Lounge
 Wheelchairs Slots
 Aisles/Circulation
 Gadget Charging Area
 Restroom
q. Contingency Lounge
r. Concessions
 Coffee Shops
 Snack Bars/Restaurants
 Pasalubong/Gift Shops
 Newstand
 Telecom Booth

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  Service Corridor
 Restrooms
s. Enplaning Gates
 Queuing Area
 Boarding Coordinator

3. Arrival Area
a. Deplaning gates
 Corridor
b. Immigration area
c. Customs Area
d. Medical Facility
e. Restrooms
 Circulation
 Escalator
 Elevator
 Stairs
f. Inbound Baggage
Unloading Dock
g. Baggage Claim
with Conveyor
System
h. Baggage Trolley
Parking
i. Payphones
j. Claim Stub
Checking
k. Stalls
 Money
Exchange
 Sim Card
l. Retail Store
m. Arrival Exit
n. Car Rental/Shuttle Service
o. Travel Agency Booths
p. Waiting Area

4. Office and Related Facilities

a. Airline Support Facilities
 Flight Crew Lounge
 Restroom
 Aircraft Cleaning Staff Room/Storage
 Inflight Snack Prep Room
b. Airport Offices Reception
 Waiting Area
c. Airport Director’s Office
 Deputy Director
 Executive Secretary
 Restroom
 Anteroom
d. Legal Counsel Office
 Public Affairs Officer
 Legal Affairs Clerk

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e. Business Development Office
 Corporate Planning Head
 Leasing Manager
 Airline Relations Officer
 Clerks
f. Finance Department
Office
 Accountant
 Bookkeeper
 Budget Officer
 Accounting Clerks
g. Administrative Office
 HR Manager
 Property Manager
 Procurement Officer
 Supply Officer
 Administrative
Clerks
h. Conference Room
 Management Staff Lounge with pantry
 Restroom
i. Operation Department Office
 Airfield Officer
o Aircraft Parking Coordinator
o Aircraft Servicing Specialist
 Terminal Operation Administrator
o Passenger Process Manager
o Airline Coordinator
o Clerks
 Office of the Building Administration
o Administrative Assistant
o Housekeeping Services
 Electronics and Communication Office
o IT Room and Server Area
o PA Control Room
o Radio Control Room

 Chief of Airport Security

o Deputy Chief of Airport Security
o CCTV Monitoring Room
o Security Coordintating Room
o Security Personnel Assembly
o Security Staff Lounge and Lockers
o Restrooms
o Personnel Lounge and Pantry
o Restrooms with Lockers
 CAAP Office
o Anteroom with Reception
 Circulation for Offices

5. Clinic
a. Waiting Area
b. Attending
Physician
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 c. Nurse Station
d. Examination and Recuperation Area
e. Breastfeeding Station
f. Restroom
g. Circulation

6. Covered Sidewalk (Curbside)

a. Drop-Off (Departure Side)
b. Pick-Up (Arrival Side)

B. Cargo Terminal Building

1. Cargo Processing Area
a. Receiving Area
b. Sorting and Screening
c. Processing Rooms
d. Customs and Inspections
2. Storage and Warehouse
a. Warehouse Space
b. Temperature-
Controlled Storage
c. Secure Storage
d. Bulk Storage
3. Handling and Equipment
Areas
a. Loading and Unloading Areas
b. Equipment Storage
c. Maintenance Facility
4. Office and Administration
a. Office
b. Documentation and Record Keeping
5. Support Facilities
a. Restroom with Lockers
b. Break Rooms with Pantry
c. Control Room

C. Air Traffic Control Tower

1. Control Room
a. Radar Display
b. Communication System
c. Navigation
Display
d. Workstation
2. Support Facilities
a. Weather
Monitoring
b. Maintenance and
Technical Support
c. Flight Data
Processing
d. Restrooms
e. Break Areas
f. Office
g. Power and Utilities

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 D. Aircraft Servicing
1. Hangars
a. Administration Office
b. Storage Area
c. Workshops
d. Wash Bays
2. Fuel Depot

E. Emergency Response Facility

1. Fire Station Building
a. Apparatus Bays
b. Storage Areas
c. Workshop
d. Office Space
e. Training Facilities
f. Restrooms and
Facilities
g. Living Quarters
2. Firefighting Vehicles Parking
3. Fire Training Facilities
h. Fire Training Grounds
i. Training Towers
j. Classrooms and Briefing Rooms
4. Police Office Building
a. Office Space
i. Administration Office
ii. Control Room
iii. Investigation Room
iv. Record Room
v. Briefing Room
vi. Detention Facility
b. Support Facilities
i. Breakroom
ii. Parking
5. Over All

BUBBLE
DIAGRAM

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AIRPORT BUBBLE DIAGRAM

PUBLIC SPACES
BUBBLE DIAGRAM

DEPARTURE BUBBLE DIAGRAM

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Philippine News Agency. (n.d.). Www.pna.gov.ph. https://www.pna.gov.ph/
 ‌PHIVOLCS. (n.d.). Earthquake & Volcano-Related Hazard Maps | GeoHazard
Information | Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) |
Department of Science and Technology (DOST). Gisweb.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph.
https://gisweb.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/gisweb/earthquake-volcano-related-
hazard-gis-information
 ‌Vigan topographic map, elevation, terrain. (n.d.). Topographic Maps.
Retrieved April 24, 2024, from https://en-ph.topographic-map.com/map-
svcnb3/Vigan/?center=17.57264%2C120.42176&zoom=16
 ‌GP-CLUP. (n.d.). Geoportal.gov.ph. Retrieved April 24, 2024, from
https://geoportal.gov.ph/gpapps/clupapp#
 Geographical Profile | Province of Ilocos Sur. (n.d.).
https://mis.ilocossur.gov.ph/geographical-profile/

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