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19 views24 pagesMaths ODE Part 1
ode pde notes mechanical engineering semester 1
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
19 views24 pagesMaths ODE Part 1
ode pde notes mechanical engineering semester 1
Uploaded by
Farhan MasudCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 24
Diffenenhal Equation.
,Ondinaky! Ordinary Differential Equation? rricuin
Differential Equation:
—2 Equation involving - Detivatives
» Differential operator:
—s Ipvolwes
ordinary differenh'ah on
4 olvdetei~ highest derivative af equation
deghee:- highest derivative of equa hon.
+ degree:- power of pergh. High es iva que
2 )> I order, SF degnee
¥
(+ 4)" 2 oder, 1 degree ) ® Books:
(d ondinatry & poo tian Diffementian: Eq?
(Dr. MD Raisinghania.
GA Fivst course in Dvfferenbiat Equ with
Modeling -> Dennis &. 2itl
|
Gu) Mathematical Method: Mobs. Khanna,
LDiffetenhar Equation
Fn equation invotving deiivatives of an unknown
function and possibly the. function idself as wet)
ao the independent variables.
% 19 Independent vawiahle
Woy ioh
Ao equ” involving denivatives on om denivative involved
Orden of -Ihe highest oid,
is called the onder of the
differentia equation
differentay equation.
[Deane
Degree of differential equ 1s the degree of dhe
Highest onder denivative which occurs in ib, offer
deferential
the equahon has been made free from madicats
and fhactions as for the dewivatves ane Concerned
a
4) cy >
dur ity
na
208 oder, demive I) degree
a °
HSE rH) 0 [second orden] (iM degree)
dx?
3 *
*) Sa og dx) 0 20 (a order) I" degree | order 1, 90. of constants =)
15/09/2019
tOay)4 9 Guy)=o
|| diftemenhet equ’, hes diffefrenhiel “aperrster. “©
le idenGty the tyre before
| Hine -obdes fitst degivee
solving
—Svatiable sepewable (svarroble sepetotle
| “soepeicate x and y sired
shemogeneons-
Tepply formula (integrate),
Loa { aeitoupn, at
Exompte-t Qa Exeieise ) ;
hap
page 2-5
\| ; b
(8 a
Coe udy = (yade* dee oy vince rsbto &
COO) Be we! Sats»
Exame-t
1 t 'y alca® Lax vee
mee e dy Ge re Jes =
gee acy t I
> fear = [Gere ae
|| ay=(e"% 4 erda
| rl? see) an e7 ety 4e%4e (ans)
y
dy =(e"4xrde dy
x muifiplying both sides by e #) (ead yaye(ytie ax
Po eee pat an aite toed
| yt et
>» (au; by= 2A
| yH yt eX +)
|
> Ge dy = gy
| a2
yt e
of ») eX
iy f-1_) ay = d
I yt 7 ont
integrating,
|| +- tog (us = 096%) e
=> yc = 1og(e™+1) + 165 (y+)
b, yo = 0g (eG +)
4 y+ A= log (e%4 (v4)
> ete x tog (e 4 Oly 41)
4 et eho Lo]
| sscscst (1D)
“Geary 82
ry) de -
Geary)’ dye ede @
fet x+yev —S that means, this has been transformed to
| Vatiable sepereable.
differenhating wirts «
| l4d% 2 dv
du
|
ry 2 +
(om, SY 2 dv yd, @
| dn dx
| i é :
| From 1,2 ana 3, we gebi~
2 (av =o? “
‘ Ge ~\)re
avidv yo lg? ;
ax
stay (a? 4v2)dx : 7
P 4a? 9?
>@ ae dae ax
| Ni ta?
|
Pav hho aveae
Ni 4a?
ype ateni( Ad ye
2
| integra tng,
wae = ton’ (2%)
a
| tty
Hw 2 Stat) oct i p23 example?
ge™ bangd x + (i-e Jsee*y dy = 0
* y=
“fihig means, when x=0, ¥
1
*h Find the cuirve pascing through (0/1) and sahofying
| ein 8, sac
| Si
| 2% = cin'e
|
\ ~
sy aera = on cde
Teonstant, order 4
| integteating,
git 2
Y= XSIp C He7—» different arbwitnory constent
(ak (0,1)
Jee or
8a Bx? sa
a ay)
2Q-iay = G74 4xdd) dx
integra fing,
Yoay sxd4 arp ante
Yo) ---..
x= 0, yeHt
1ea5 =3
yay a tar yang
W-2yt1s Chav danagy
wots tay
Jomy sit (absaeaarey
od
~ ey + ty
Jere aty
a+ \eratiariy or
This equation does +
mt sahGFy the given
eavation y ey =
)
“sunacceplable, > (4) tany = ASInK cosy
= dy Hane) = asin du
cosy
> dy (in ) = asinndn
cosy
>) dy any. secy) =25incde
\ntegrra ting,
secy =-ACOSK TE
D 2cosxtseey=e (ans)
i sana
(88S bmy ~sin(nty) 4sin(x-y)
B solve 5 maths o§ variable sepeteable ftrom net- Homogeneoos differrenhal equahon.
= a 22/07/2019
dy 2 ey? 7 — =
ax xy
FO differential equahon 4f the fixsh ovder and first
degree is said to be homogeneous’ if jh con be put in
“the form of 4.6 (4)
A fins} order pf. is said to be hommogeneoos reif
Macy) and N(xy) are both hormogencods funchons
of the same degree. peer ed) Moy dx + NGUY)dy¥=d
Solution: The subsHheHon g-xu and thenefore dy=xdutudx
d transforms a homogeneovs equation ints a seperable
(one.
|
dnd
+the form will be: b= 24 —
feu )
qves- ne.
7 ae
Exercise
page. 211
=e
ay
71
sux
let y a pe
Equation of the form 34 = at byte a
ge : where
any by FO2 a
Lyte ;
a2? by
| cerutton let) w= Xt Y= Yate 4
duzdx dyzd Y"
a (neh) + bs (yt 6) +o
a, (ath) tba fy) 4 ca
QaXtbay taahs bk Hea
ajh+ bts =o ond aaht bok tea 0
Le¥ . owed
Pax bY dy __axgry-2
dx 7 x
dy Jian say-2 now, AKARK-B=O
dy
axty-5 Bh+ Kk -B=0
hen; sy 2 St byte ahtan 72a
agntbiy tea ght = 5
= 2, by 2, p> 2 BY oR wl
=o+2 0 E410 ask
42=3, b= bs Cat 5
ml bs
Sy by
aoe ee
. hea, ket
x= th
yry dk ewe Geyer
du=ds dy= dy” a.
Now, we have
Sy" _ abcth)s alysk)-2
dx a Gan) 4 iy! 4k) —5 “ee pe
* Buty
BO. aw 4 DY FRIAR D
suey’ tahee~5 OY . axsaY
aX axty
it
ax
AY _axdavsabtak-2
=o Akay ahsak3
4X 3x4 YeSKHK—5 dY¥ _ _x(at2
fooXberecMfar eo)
yo gat
dx yo ®
34-y
-5
of ke
tet Y=vX
SNe av.
ay tx dx
From ©
| ada
Nt X
5 atv
av). aay _y
») XCaX aay
ah x@2) = (24 Qve = NEV v
BtV
4x vt3
R-N
4 homogeneous equation, he freom
) treducible hernogeneovs equahen } nek | Exacl Diff) Ea
Mw andy =0 3 First order, First degree
OM. ON Ly ct diff equ"
So SN. -> exa
Page 219, qveston 2.14.
ste
| ee Adcosndx se2sinedy 70-7 O
| N
| comparing equ’) Bh Mdx+ Néy =o
\|
uy
we have (e741) cos =M and N= e“sine
on 4
a = eF con Ste cee
OM _ ON f
ey on
|“. the given equahon is an evact di
equation.
| Geneiral solution is:-
| (QP) conde +fosy tex
Jo (Pajsime ed aro, Cea )
| ‘ e+ sinx> 2 (ans)
# y(B)r0
(esi). 10
29/07/2019
DE. _|
b (og) +eosu an + (x Hoge cory Jay =o a pr
Myr s)rcos N= a 4 Log Feo SINY
ls he = 1+ asing
fat cn adslng
On
OM aN the equation & exact differential equ”.
2g) (Oe
Geneteal solution’ ie: -
| Sf (4) + eoeg]am + Joss =e
|
> y (at Ina) +x cosy = ze
by wy ty inn dxcosy =e
| do all maths Coxample maths) for exact dift- equ”
lle
we page: até
> Definition of exact diff. eqt”
page! 217
Bee
pana: 215 419487 8¢ a,b),
te
Ex. 28(6 9.1) Iniegtcating Factor.
on of w/Y4 provided,
, P ee it
amultiply both the sides of the equ? to ™
l|
| easy to solve.
If an eqvakon of the form Mant Néy =O is nok
| exack, it can always be made exact by multiplying
||some form of % and y. Such @ MUI Fi plication is
called integrating factor.
| inspechon
| Rule 1: By imftexien method
Rute 2:-
Rure 1
fule 2
aH
Freom Mdx + Ndy=0, then —4__
Maing |S 1 Mxtny #0
Dn ee ne ee
|
1 l-. . a a
co (xy anyon G2 axty)dy =O
| Hw for
next class.
© |(xysin xy t cosxy ude 4 Cagsin xy= cos ry) nag =o
“por @
ha wageticons: cqultys
Mace Wy = y-2yiy? Cry axe)
eey!
My) Mat ny #0
then
1 i ; 6
Tarny 12 the Integhating factor.
@ Si Qyydat f,(uu)xdy =0
integra ting factor is SEG
pirovided that Mu-Ny #0
Mx-Ny = xy oinay txy cory gaye sina 4 xyCosry
= AHY OXY
integrating fae for = —1____
axycosxy |
\ y
+ Cr ny)yd x ¢ x Cy) dy = 0
> Mxanys Gey -axyt)— y(n? ary)
2
soy -atyh Wy t3cy |
| zoey?
| Merny #0
a
late
I
aCe -2 =
ME tee 9 hay gay
= Lads
ya
GFy ~any?) dx = ste
2
dye
wax ge ty tb ayro
I CH)- Zant Baye
| Integrating,
|
Wy ~Alnn +3 ny $020 ens] ®
(xysinny + Gosxy yd x + (rysinny Cosy) x4y = 9 \ a
xy function presenb 1
Mamny = sybeysinny +eosxy) —y Geysin xy —eo5xy)
= Aycosny
Mx -ny #0
i, ns na
Pg Cosy (xysinay 4 c0sxy dx + monyennng CSNY fosny
=> usimayteosyy yy AY Si NW y= COSKY dy=o
ALeosxy aycosny
ob
> Hy Fanagine > da boxtamayiy =i ay =o
st gy
aye 3g 19 + Ly beray dn ttn tenay dy =o
Oa dpay se ein dig Rain
x
dy =
cosey coony/ @9 ~%
=| ,
ar gays Lf sing ns vay) a"
cosy
) yd ~ Hy by + Tony)
Aoosny
=> Jeax-Jty !
fa Js iS cosy # osxy) ~o
=) Inning + Inbosxy)4ina=o in cAncsey.) 4
>> Ax cosny zy (ans) y 05/06/2019
PE
Se & Pcwy = Co)
\ntegirating fact, [paw
ay =
@ Sit ay = sin
. mw
(a) du
au 3 eax
9 a anys we
4 —64N) os + 2y=2010)
tu. 2.
Acar 7 ot ‘es
> A2 has aye te
dy _ _3y dy
re dx HT Gan! 2 )
BD Gagan e(tan' yaw dy 2 Gai) %y
ay spy
at ans 7 I an Shay °
; J
compatving the equ’ with:~ “QE + POOY= QL)
jwe gety pco= 2
Sede J 8% inn
ce ad
if, LF ee
42-34
ante tye | (SL) tah y oat
| aa) + Bey ek
2 CCE) a gee"
‘a
axe (4) = et any
eet
aX x?
2 0 EL) py L(e) =e”
x
at htyqe
| infegixating,
(» ys Jean
|
(wy se™ te
(9S ans)
@ trytstan (14y®)ae= Clan'y—x) dy
> 4 Ley?
gies
ie I
i
z i call
