SOLUTION

(2023)
1. Find the value of van’t Hoff factor for acetic acid in benzene as per the given equation:


(CH 3COOH ) 2 , assuming its complete association.
2CH 3COOH 


2. Osmotic pressure of a solution containing 3.5 g of dissolved protein in 0.05 L of a solution is 0.035 atm
at 310 K. Calculate the molar mass of the protein. (R=0.0821 L atm K-1 mol-1)

3. Raoult’s law for volatile liquids states that the partial vapour pressur of each component in the solution
is directly proportional to its mole fraction, whereas for a non-volatile solute, it states that the vapour
pressure of a solution of a non-volatile solute is equal to the vapour pressure of the pure solvent at that
temperature multiplied by its mole fraction. Two liquids A and B are mixed with each other to form a
solution, the vapour phase consists of both components of the solution. Once the components in the
solution have reached equilibrium, the total vapour pressure of the solution can be determind by
combining Raoult’s law with Dalton’s law of partial pressure. If a non-volatile solute B is dissolved into a
solvent A to form a soltuion, the vapour pressure of the solution wil be lower than that of the pure
solvent. The soltuions which obey Raoult’s law over the entire range of concentration are ideal solutions,
whereas the solutons for which vapour pressure is either higher or lower than that predicted by Raoul’s
law are called non-ideal solutions. Non-ideal solutions are identified by determing the strenght of the
intermolecular forces between the different molecules in that particular solution. They can either show
positive or negative deviation from Raoult’s law depending on whether the A-B interaction in the solution
are either stronger or weaker than A-A or B-B interactions.

Answer the following questions:

(a) 20 mL of a liquid A was mixed with 20 mL of liquid B. The volume of resulting solution was found
to be less than 40 mL. What do you conclude from the above date?
(b) Which of the following show positive deviation from Raoul’s law? Carbon disulphide and acetone;
Phenol and Aniline; Ethanol and Acetone.
(c) The vapour pressure of a solution of glucose in water is 750 mm Hg at 1000C. Calculate the mole
fraction of solute. (Vapour pressure of water at 373 K = 760 mm Hg)
OR
(d) The boiling point of solution increases when 1 mol of NaCl is added to 1 litre of water while
addition of 1 mol of methanol to one litre of water decreases its boiling point. Explain the above
observations.

5. Find the van’t Hoff factor for aqueous KCl, assuming complete dissociation.

6. A solution of an organic compound is prepared by dissolving 68.4 g in 1000 g of water. Calculate the
molar mass of the compound when elevation in boiling point is 0.104 K ans Kb for water is 0.52 K Kg moi-1.

7. A solution that obeys Raoult’s law is called:

(a) a non-ideal solution
(b) a molar solution
(c) an ideal solution
(d) a saturated solution.
8. The osmotic pressure of a solution increases if the:

(a) number of solute molecules is increases.

(b) temperature is decreased.
(c) volume is increased.
(d) number of solute molecules is decreased.
9. What type of deviation from Raoult’s law is shown by ethanol and acetone mixture? Give reason.

10. Calculate the boiling point of solution when 4 g of MgSO4 (M = 120 g/mol) was dissolved in 100 g of
water, assuming MgSO4 undergoes complete dissociation. (Kb for water = 0.52 K kg mol-1)

11. For an electrolyte undergoing dissociation in an aqueous solution the Van’t Hoff factor:

(a) is always less than one.

(b) is always greater than one.
(c) has zero value.
(d) has negative value.
12. What type of deviation from Raoult’s law is shown by chloroform and acetone solution? Give reason.

13. The freezing point of a solution containing 5 g of benzoic acid (M = 122 g mol-1) in 35g of benzene is
depressed by 2.94 K. What is the percentage association of benzoic acid if it forms a dimer in solution? (Kf
for benzene = 4.9 K kg mol-1)

14. The colligative property used for the determination of molar mass of polymers and proteins is:
(a) Osmotic pressure
(b) Depression in freezing point
(c) Relative lowering in vapour pressure
(d) Elevation in boiling point.
15. Low concentration of oxygen in the blood and tissue of people living at high altitude is due to:
(a) High atmospheric pressure
(b) Low temperature
(c) Low atmospheric pressure
(d) Bothe low temperature and high atmospheric pressure.
16. What is Henry’s law? Give one application of it.

17. Differentiate between Ideal solution and Non-ideal solution.

18. 30 g of urea is dissolved in 846 g of water. Calculate the vapour pressure of water for this solution if
vapour pressure of pure water at 298 K is 23.8 mm Hg.

19. Assertion (A) : Molarity of solution in liquid state changes with temperature.

Reason (R) : The volume of a solution changes with change in temperature.

20. Value of Henry’s constant KH:

(a) increase with decrease in temperature.
(b) decrease with increase in temperature.
(c) increase with increase in temperature.
(d) remains constant.
21. Assertion (A) : Osmotic pressure is a colligative property.
Reason (R) : Osmotic pressure is proportional to the molality.

22. The vapour pressure of pure liquid X and pure liquid Y at 250C are 120 mm Hg and 160 mm Hg
respectively. If equal moles of X and Y are mixed to form an ideal solution. Calculate the vapour pressure
of the solution.

23. When 19.5 g of F-CH2-COOH (Molar mass = 78 g/mol) is dissolved in 500 g of water, the depression in
freezing point is observed to be 10C. Calculate the defree of dissociation of F-CH2-COOH. [Kf for water =
1.86 K kg/mol]

24. Assertion (A) : Elevation in boiling point is a colligative property.

Reson (R) : The lowering of vapour pressure of solution causes elevation in boiling point.

25. An azeotropic mixture of two liquids has boiling point higher than either of the two liquids when it:

(a) show large negative deviation from Raoult’s law.

(b) shows no deviation from Raoult’s law.

(c) shows large positive deviation from Raoult’s law.

(d) obeys Raoult’s law.

26. Which of the following colligative property is used to find the molar mass of proteins?

(a) Osmotic pressure

(b) Elevation in Boiling point

(c) Depression in Freezing point

(d) Relative lowering in vapour pressure.

27. Give reasons for the following:

(a) Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water in comparison to warm water.

(b) Sprinkling of salt helps in clearing the snow-covered roads in hilly areas.

28. 0.3 g of acetic acid ( M = 60 g/mol) dissolved in 30 g of benzene shows a depression in freezing point
equal to 0.450C. Calculate the percentage association of acid if it forms dimer in the solution. (Kf for
benzene = 5.12 K kg/mol)

29. A compound undergoes complete tetramerization in a given organic solvent. The Van’t Hoff factor ‘I’
is: (a) 4 (b) 0.25 (c) 0.125 (d) 2
30. Assertion (A) : When NaCl is added to water, a depression in freezing point is observed.

Reason (R) : The lowering of vapour pressure of a solution causes depression in the freezing point.

31. If benzoic acid ( M = 122 g/mol) is associated into a dimer when dissolved in benzene and the osmotic
pressure of a solution of 6.1 g of benzoic acid in 100 ml benzene is 6.5 atm at 270C, then what is the
percentage association of benzoic acid? (R = 0.0821 atm-L /K-mol)

32. 1 mole of liquid A and 2 moles of liquid B make a solution having a total vapour pressure 40 torr. The
vapour pressure of pure A and pure B are 45 and 30 torr respectively. The above solution

(a) is an ideal soltution (b) shows positive deviation (c) shows negative deviation (d) is a maximum boiling
azeotrope.

33. If molality of a dilute solution is doubled, the value of the molal elevation constant (Kb) will be

(a) halved (b) doubled (c) tripled (d) unchanged

34. Why is boiling point of 1M NaCl solution more than that of 1M glucose solution?

35. A non-volatile solute ‘X’ (molar mass = 50 g/mol) when dissolved in 78 g of benzene reduced its vapur
pressure to 90%. Calculate the mass of X dissolved in the solution.

36. Calculate the boiling point elevation for a solution prepared by adding 10 g of MgCl2 of water
assuming MgCl2 is completely dissociated. (kb for water = 0.512 K kg/mol, Molar mass of MgCl2 = 95
g/mol)

37. Why is the value of Van’t Hoff factor for ethanoic acid in bezene close to 0.5?

38. Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 2.32 x 10-2 g of K2SO4 in 2L of
solution at 250C. Assuming that K2SO4 is completely dissociated. ( R = 0.0821 L atm /Mol-K and Molar
mass of K2SO4 = 174 g/mol)

39. When 25.6 g of Sulphur was dissolved in 1000g of benzene, the freezing point lowered by 0.512 K.
Calculate the formula of Sulphur (Sx). [Kf for benzene = 5.12 K kg/mol]