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Number Properties

The document outlines various number properties, including classifications of real numbers such as integers, decimals, and their characteristics like prime and composite numbers. It also explains operations with positive and negative numbers, rules for odds and evens, and provides insights into place values and factorization techniques. Additionally, it covers concepts of Highest Common Factor (HCF) and Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) with examples.

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40 views3 pages

Number Properties

The document outlines various number properties, including classifications of real numbers such as integers, decimals, and their characteristics like prime and composite numbers. It also explains operations with positive and negative numbers, rules for odds and evens, and provides insights into place values and factorization techniques. Additionally, it covers concepts of Highest Common Factor (HCF) and Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) with examples.

Uploaded by

pranavdeepakv
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Number Properties

(-)----------------- -2.5 ----------0--------- 3 ------------(+)


Real Numbers:
1. Integers:

a. Positive
i. Prime (has only 2 factors)
(2, 3, 5, 7, 11, ………….)

ii. Composite (every other positive integer)


78 = 13*6 = 13*3*2

b. Negative
c. Zero

 Positive Integers = Natural Numbers (1, 2, 3, 4, ………………)


 Zero + Positive = Non-negative integers
= Whole Numbers (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …)
 Negative + Zero = Non-positive integers
 Prime squares have exactly 3 factors (49 = 1, 7, 49)

2. Decimals:
a. Terminating (0.5, 2.375)

b. Recurring (1.1111, 5.45454545, 0.142857142857)


i. Pattern
ii. No pattern (π, e, square roots of prime numbers) = Irrational Numbers
Rational Numbers = P/Q ; where P and Q are integers and Q ≠ 0

Positives & Negatives:


1. (+) * (+) = (+)
2. (+) * (-) = (-)
3. (-) * (-) = (+)

Odds & Evens:


a. Addition/ Subtraction:
1. Even ± Even = Even
2. Even ± Odd = Odd
3. Odd ± Odd = Even

b. Multiplication:
1. Even * Even = Even
2. Even * Odd = Even
3. Odd * Odd = Odd
(Only rule for division is that odd / odd ≠ even & odd / even cannot be an integer)
Place Values:

4,536,892.107

4 = MILLIONS
5 = HUNDRED THOUSANDS
3 = TEN THOUSANDS
6 = THOUSANDS
8 = HUNDREDS
9 = TENS
2 = UNITS
.
1 = TENTHS
0 = HUNDREDTHS
7 = THOUSANDTHS

4,000,000 + 500,000 + 30,000 + 6,000 + 800 + 90 + 2 + 0.1 + 0.00 + 0.007 = 4,536,892.107

Xy = 10x + y
Yx = 10y + x

Add = 11x + 11y


Subtract = 9x – 9y

Factorization:
72 = 1*72, 2*36, 3*24, 4*18, 6*12, 8*9

Prime Factorization:
72 = 8*9 = 2^3*3^2

72 2
36 2
18 2
9 3
3 3
1

10,000 = 100*100 = 10^4 = 2^4*5^4

HCF (Highest Common Factor) or GCD (Greatest Common Divisor):


Let x = 72 and let y = 108

72, 108 2
36, 54 2
18, 27 3
6, 9 3
2, 3 Multiply = 36

LCM (Lowest Common Multiple)


72, 108 2
36, 54 2
18, 27 2
9, 27 3
3, 9 3
1, 3 3
1, 1 Multiply = 216

x*y = HCF*LCM

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