Headway

NAME CLASS New

Grammar Reference with practice exercises Continued Pre-Intermediate FOURTH EDITION

Unit 7 UNIT 7 EXERCISES

1 Make sentences in the Present Perfect.

7.1 Present Perfect
1 How long / know / Paul?
Form How long have you known Paul?
have/has + -ed (past participle) 2 Where / you / be?
The past participle of regular verbs ends in -ed. There are many
common irregular verbs. See the list on p158. 3 I / never / ride / horse.
Positive and negative
I ’ve (have) 4 You / make / decision / yet?
You/We/They haven’t
won a competition. 5 You / be / very / good.
’s (has)
He/She/It
hasn’t
6 You / do / homework?
Question
7 She / be / India / twice.
I
Have
you/we/they been to the United States? 8 Their plane / just / land.
Has he/she/it
9 You / see / Louisa?
Short answer
Have you been to Las Vegas? Yes, I have./No, I haven’t. 10 What / happen / your arm?
Has she ever written a novel? Yes, she has./No, she hasn’t.
Note
We cannot use I’ve, they’ve, he’s, etc. in short answers. 2 Write Present Perfect questions for these answers.
Yes, I have. NOT Yes, I’ve. 1 Have you ever been to Canada?
Yes, we have. NOT Yes, we’ve.
No, I’ve never been to Canada. But I’d like to go.
Use 2 ?
1 The Present Perfect expresses an action or state which began in No, but I’d love to win some money one day!
the past and continues to the present. 3 ?
I’ve known John for six years. Yes, I saw a lion when I was on holiday in South Africa.
How long have you worked for The London Gazette?
3 Answer the questions so that they’re true for you. Use short
The time expressions for and since are common with this use. answers.
We use for with a period of time, and since with a point in time.
We’ve lived here for three years. (a period of time) 1 Have you ever met a famous person?
They’ve lived here since 2010. (a point in time) 2 Has your teacher ever given you a very difficult test?
3 Have you ever lived abroad?
Note
In many languages, this use is expressed by a present tense. But 4 Have you ever driven a car?
in English, we say: 5 Have your parents ever visited the United States?
Peter has been a teacher for ten years.
4 Add for or since to these sentences.
NOT Peter is a teacher for ten years.
1 A Have you been here for a long time?
2 The Present Perfect connects the present and the past. It expresses
experiences in life before now. B Yes, quite a while, 1 o’clock.
I’ve met a lot of famous people. (before now) 2 I’ve studied English seven years.
She has won a lot of awards. (in her life) 3 A How long have you had those shoes?
I’ve travelled a lot in Africa. (in my life) B Oh, I’ve had them months! Haven’t you seen
She’s written three books. (up to now) them before?
The action can continue to the present, and probably into the 4 It’s ages we had a meal out in a restaurant!
future. 5 I haven’t seen Nigel a few days now.
He’s made six TV programmes. (So far. He’ll probably make 6 We’ve lived here January last year.
more.)
Ever and never are common with this use.
Have you ever been to Africa?
I’ve never played poker.

Photocopiable © Oxford University Press 2012 14

 Headway
NAME CLASS New

Grammar Reference with practice exercises Continued Pre-Intermediate FOURTH EDITION

3 The Present Perfect expresses a past action with results in the 5 Use the Present Perfect and the words in brackets to
present. It is often a recent past action. describe these situations.
I’ve lost my wallet. (I haven’t got it now.) 1 She can’t find her mobile phone. (She / lose / mobile phone)
The taxi’s arrived. (It’s outside the door now.)
She’s lost her mobile phone.
Has the postman been? (Is there a parcel for me?)
2 His plate is empty. (He / eat / everything)
The adverbs just, already, and yet are common with this use.
Yet is used in questions and negatives. 3 He’s carrying a suitcase. (He / be / on / holiday)
She’s just had some good news.
I’ve already had breakfast.
4 Her leg is in plaster. (She / break / leg)
Has the postman been yet?
It’s 11.00 and she hasn’t got up yet.
5 I haven’t got any more money. (I / spend / all / my / money)
7.2 Present Perfect and Past Simple
6 The final score is 3–1 to our team. (Our / team / win / match)
1 Read and compare the use of the Past Simple and the Present
Perfect in these sentences.
I lived in Paris for two years, from 2007–2009. (The action is 6 Find and correct the mistake in each sentence.
finished.)
1 Arthur knows Monica for a year and a half.
I’ve lived in London since 2009. (I still do. The action is not
finished.) Arthur’s known Monica for a year and a half.
I’ve been to Scotland. (This is an experience in my life.) 2 She’s had a headache for this morning.
I went with my husband two years ago. (At a definite past time.) 3 Jane was a lawyer for thirty years and she still enjoys it.
‘Have you ever flown in a helicopter?’ ‘Yes, I have’. 4 How long do you live in this village?
‘Where did you fly?’ ‘I flew over New York.’ 5 We’ve been to Jamaica in 2009.
‘Oh dear, I’ve broken my glasses?’ 6 How long do you have your cat?
‘What happened?’
7 They’ve known each other since five days.
‘I dropped them.’
8 Gareth had his new job for nine months. He loves it.
2 These are common time expressions used with the Past Simple 9 I lived here for five years, but I’m going to move soon.
and the Present Perfect.
10 I am here since last week.
Past Simple Present Perfect
7 Choose the best answer.
last week since Monday 1 Did you talk / Have you talked to Derek yesterday?
yesterday ever
2 I never went / I’ve never been to Croatia.
the day before yesterday never
in 1999 just 3 Did you ever dream / Have you ever dreamt of being famous?
on July 21st already 4 I never read / I’ve never read a Harry Potter book.
three months ago yet 5 I never saw / I’ve never seen you before.
for two weeks (but now ended) for two weeks (and continues) 6 Did you ever hear / Have you ever heard of an actor called
Kathryn Daubney?
7 I’ve never heard / I never heard this song before.
8 Have you seen / Did you see the news last night?
9 I never won / I’ve never won a competition in my life.
10 He never met / He’s never met his grandfather. He died before
he was born.

Photocopiable © Oxford University Press 2012 15