Windows
Command Prompt cmd.exe
PowerShell
List files and directories:
‘ls’ c:\
Get-Help ls or …/full – summary
ls -Force c:/ (show hidden files)
pwd – print woring directory
cd – change directory
cd .. -> takes 1 level relative to where you are
cd ~ - path of home directory
mkdir – make directory (mkdir my_cool_folder)
dealing with spaces: mkdir “my cool folder” or mkdir my` cool` folder (backtick ` tells to take
the next character as it is – AKA escape character)
history: shows the list of commands used in the past
CTRL+R :
# - allows to search for previous commands as well
copy: cp file.txt c:/desktop
using wildcard: * -> cp *.jpeg c:\users\desktop
copy a directory: (use -Recurse to copy all files inside) (used -Verbose to list what happens)
cp ‘new folder’ ~\desktop -Recurse -Verbose
RENAMEFILES and MOVE FILES
Use the MOVE Command
mv .\blue_doc.txt yellow_doc.txt
REMOVE FILES
rm or Remove
rm ~\text1.txt
rm ~\text1.txt -Force (to force deletion)
rm ~\my_directory_folder -Recurse (delete all inside a directory)
cat to view files contents
cat .\import.txt
more .\important.txt (enter: 1line/ space:1page/ q: quit)
cat .\fruit.txt -Head 10 (1st 10 lines of a file)
cat .\fruit.txt -Tail 10 (show last 10 lines of a file)
Get-Alias ls
Search on windows via GUI
used Indexin from startup search bar and on Users, advanced option to show contents as
well.
CLI: Select-String cow text.txt or use wildcard: Select-String cow *.txt (Search in all .txt files
for that word).
Looking for something in a directory, like only .exe.
Use: ls [directory] -Recurse -Filtre *.exe
PIPELINE in Windows
echo woof > dog.txt (create or override the file)
echo woof >> dog.txt (simply add to the existing file but does not override it)
cat dog.txt | Select-String ola
cat dog.txt | Select-String ola > newfileOla.txt
redirection
1: Stdout = 1>
2; Stderr = 2>
rm systemfile.bat 2> errors.txt or $null (to not show error on screen)
Linux
(/ is the root directory in Linux)
ls /
man ls
ls -l (list)
ls -l-a or ls -la – show all files and hidden files as well
pwd – print working directory
cd – change directory
cd ..
cd ~
+tab completion
mkdir my_cool_folder
backslash (\) in Linux is the escape character, which tells the shell to take the next char as
true value. Another way to do it is: mkdir ‘my cool folder’
CTRL+R : allows to search for previous commands as well
UP and DOWN keys for previous commands in order
COPY COMMAND
cp -r ‘my folder space’ ~/Desktop – needs to use -r(recursive) flag to copy all the folder’s
contents
RENAMEFILES and MOVE FILES
Use the MOVE Command
mv .\blue_doc.txt yellow_doc.txt
same for directories and use wildcard to move several files
REMOVE COMMANDS
rm command
rm text1.txt
display files
cat
less (like more on windows) /search
head fruit.txt (10 first lines of a file)
tail fruit.txt (10 last lines of a file)
find in linux
use grep command
grep cow farm_list.txt
PIPELINE and Redirection in Linux
echo woof > dog.txt (create or override the file)
echo woof >> dog.txt (simply add to the existing file but does not override it)
cat dog.txt | grep ola
cat dog.txt | grep ola > newfileOla.txt
redirection
1: Stdout = 1>
2; Stderr = 2>
rm systemfile.bat 2> errors.txt or $null (to not show error on screen)
<
$ cat < file.txt // The redirector is used for stdin.
File Contents Displayed as Input.
Less /var/log/syslog 2> /dev/null (output filtres from error messages)
Pipe to search on more detail
ls -la /etc | grep Bluetooth
Regular Expressions super powerful to learn.
