Razelle Joy C.
Rodriguez October 30, 2021
BSN – 1 NB
WEEK 11 LABORATORY ASSIGNMENT
1. One cool evening, skinny x jumps into a hot Jacuzzi. Predict what will happen to
skinny’s heart rate.
• The body cannot sweat while submerged in hot water. In order to cool down,
blood vessels must dilate. Blood pressure will drop as a result of this. As a
result of the lower blood pressure, skinny's heart rate increases. The
temperature of a hot tub is usually between 100 and 104 degrees. Each of
these potentially soothing activities can expand our blood vessels, redirect
blood away from our core, and drop our blood pressure. Our bodies boost our
heart rate by roughly 30% to compensate for the decreasing blood pressure.
2. Predict the effect on Starling’s law of the heart if the parasympathetic (vagus)
nerves to the heart are cut.
• The heart rate is continually affected by a balance between the slowing
effects of parasympathetic neurons conveyed to the pacemaker area by
the autonomic nervous system. If both the vagus and sympathetic
nerves to the heart are disconnected, the heart rate increases. As a
result, vagal effects appear to be dominant at rest.
3. Why are artery walls so much thicker than those of corresponding veins?
• Arterioles and arteries have thicker walls than veins and venules
because they are closer to the heart and receive blood that is flowing at
a considerably greater pressure. By the time blood has passed through
capillaries and reached venules, the pressure exerted on it by heart
contractions has diminished. In other words, venules and veins can
withstand far less pressure from blood passing through them than
arteries. Many veins in the body, particularly those in the limbs, have
valves that allow blood to flow unidirectionally to the heart. This is
important because, as a result of the reduced pressure and gravity's
effects, blood flow in the extremities slows. Because arteries and
arterioles have high blood pressure and must alter their diameter to
maintain blood pressure and govern blood flow, their muscle walls are
quite thick. Veins may dilate as a result of an increase in blood volume.
4. What is function of the hepatic portal circulation? In what way is a portal circulation
a “strange” circulation?
The hepatic portal vein, which transports blood into the liver for filtration and
processing, is one of the most important veins in the body. The hepatic portal
system receives blood from the pancreas, gallbladder, and spleen, as well as
the abdominal digestive tract, through this vein. This circulation is considered
unique since it consists of veins feeding capillaries in an organ, which is
generally done by arteries.
5. What vital role does blood pressure play?
• The force of blood against the artery walls is known as blood pressure.
Normal pressure is required for proper blood flow from the heart to the
body's organs and tissues. Each heartbeat circulates blood around the
body. Near the heart, pressure is higher, while farther away, it is lower.
When blood pressure is high, the heart and arteries have to work harder
than normal to pump blood throughout the body. The extra work causes
the heart and arterial muscles to thicken, as well as the hardness or
damage of artery walls. Blood and oxygen flow to the heart and other
organs is harmed as a result.
REFERENCES:
Dugdale, D. (2021). Blood pressure. Retrieved from
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20blood%20on,and%20away%20from%20it%20lower.
Ferng, A. & Mytilinaios, D. (2021). Hepatic portal vein. Retrieved from
https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/hepatic-portal-vein
Frothingham, S. & Whitworth, G. (2018). Artery vs. Vein: What’s the Difference? Retrieved
from https://www.healthline.com/health/artery-vs-vein#types-of-veins
Hot baths and saunas: Beneficial for your heart? Harvard Health. (2020, October
Retrieved October 30, 2021, from https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/hot-baths-
and-saunas-beneficial-for-your-heart.
Blood vessels: Types, anatomy, Function & Conditions. Cleveland Clinic. (n.d.).
Retrieved October 30, 2021, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21640-
blood-vessels.
Medline Plus editors (n.d.). Hypertension. Retrieved from
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hypertension/
Pitkow, H. (1997). PHYSIOLOGY OF CIRCULATION. Journal of the Pennsylvania
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