2024학년도 3월 전국연합학력평가 유사변형 문제

고2
영어 영역
1
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[연계문항 2024년 3월 교육청(고2) 18번] 3. z b3 ) (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로
1. zb1 ) 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? 가장 적절한 것은?

Dear Art Crafts People of Greenville, Too many times people, especially in today’s
generation, expect things to just happen overnight.
For the annual Crafts Fair on May 25 from 1 p.m.
When we have these false expectations, it tends to
to 6 p.m., the Greenville Community Center is
(A) encourage / discourage us from continuing to
providing booth spaces to rent as in previous years.
move forward. Because this is a high tech society,
To reserve your space, please visit our website and
everything we want has to be within the parameters
complete a registration form by April 20. The rental
of our comfort and convenience. If it doesn’t happen
fee is $50. All the money we receive from rental fees
fast enough, we’re tempted to (B) gain / lose
goes to support upcoming activities throughout the
interest. So many people don’t want to take the time
year. We expect all available spaces to be fully
it requires to be successful. Success is not a matter
booked soon, so don’t get left out. We hope to see
of mere desire; you should develop (C) patience /
you at the fair.
impatience in order to achieve it. Have you fallen
박람회는 5월 25일 오후 1시부터 6시까지 열린다. prey to impatience? Great things take time to build.
Greenville 커뮤니티 센터에서는 지난 몇 년간 대여 부스
* parameter: 매개 변수, 제한
공간을 제공했다.
공간을 예약하려면 4월 20일까지 신청서를 작성해야 한다. (A) (B) (C)

부스 대여료로 받은 돈은 취약 계층을 지원하는 데 사용된 encourage gain patience

다. encourage lose impatience
이용할 수 있는 공간은 금방 예약될 것으로 예상된다. discourage gain patience
discourage gain impatience
discourage lose patience

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2. zb2 ) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이

적절하지 않은 것은?

Sarah, a young artist with a love for painting,

entered a local art contest. As she looked at the
amazing artworks made by others, her confidence
dropped. She quietly thought, ‘I might not win an
award.’ The moment of judgment arrived, and the
judges began announcing winners one by one. It
wasn’t until the end that she heard her name. The
head of the judges said, “Congratulations, Sarah
Parker! You won first prize. We loved the
uniqueness of your work.” Sarah was overcome with
joy, and she couldn’t stop smiling. This
experience meant more than just winning; it
challenged her identity as an artist.

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4. zb4 ) 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? 5. z b5 ) 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장

적절한 곳을 고르시오.
If you had wanted to create a “self­driving” car in
the 1950s, your best option might have been to strap It can also function to save time, as bottle feeding
a brick to the accelerator. Yes, the vehicle would allows for someone else to substitute for the
have been able to move forward on its own, but it mother’s time.
could not slow down, stop, or turn to avoid barriers.
Obviously not ideal. But does that mean the entire
We tend to overrate the impact of new technologies
concept of the self­driving car is not worth
pursuing? No, it only means that at the time we did in part because older technologies have become

not yet have the tools we now possess to help enable absorbed into the furniture of our lives, so as to be
almost invisible. ( ) Take the baby bottle. ( )
vehicles to operate both autonomously and safely.
Here is a simple implement that has transformed a
This once­distant dream now seems within our reach.
It is much the same story in medicine. Two decades fundamental human experience for vast numbers of
ago, we were still taping bricks to accelerators. infants and mothers, yet it finds no place in our
histories of technology. ( ) This technology might
Today, we are approaching the point where we can
be thought of as a classic time­shifting device, as it
begin to bring some appropriate technology to bear
in ways that advance our understanding of patients enables mothers to exercise more control over the
as unique individuals. In fact, many patients are timing of feeding. ( ) Potentially, therefore, it has
huge implications for the management of time in
already wearing devices that monitor their conditions
everyday life, yet it is entirely overlooked in
in real time, which allows doctors to talk to their
patients in a specific, refined, and feedback­driven discussions of high­speed society. ( )

way that was not even possible a decade ago.

* strap: 끈으로 묶다 ** autonomously: 자율적으로

Self-Driving Cars: Then and Now

The Rise of Real-Time Health Monitoring
The Usefulness of Bricks in Car Engineering
Exploring the Impact of Technology on Medicine
Evolution of Innovation: From Bricks to Medical
Wearables

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6. zb6 ) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 7. z b7 ) 밑줄 친 blowing up their phone이 다음 글에서

의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
Empathy is frequently listed as one of the most
desired skills in an employer or employee, although The most prevalent problem kids report is that
without specifying exactly what is meant by empathy. they feel like they need to be accessible at all times.
Some businesses stress cognitive empathy, Because technology allows for it, they feel an
emphasizing the need for leaders to understand the obligation. It’s easy for most of us to relate — you
perspective of employees and customers when probably feel the same pressure in your own life! It
negotiating deals and making decisions. Others is really challenging to deal with the fact that we’re
stress affective empathy and empathic concern, human and can’t always respond instantly. For a
emphasizing the ability of leaders to gain trust from teen or tween who’s still learning the ins and outs of
employees and customers by treating them with social interactions, it’s even worse. Here’s how this
real concern and compassion. When some behavior plays out sometimes: Your child texts one
consultants argue what successful companies of his friends, and the friend doesn’t text back right
foster empathy, what that translates to is that away. Now it’s easy for your child to think, “This
companies should conduct good market research. In person doesn’t want to be my friend anymore!” So
other words, an “empathic” company understands the he texts again, and again, and again — “blowing up
needs and wants of its customers and seeks to their phone.” This can be stress­inducing and even
fulfill those needs and wants. When some people read as aggressive. But you can see how easily this
speak of design with empathy, what that translates to could happen.
is that companies should take into account the
* tween: (10 ~ 12세 사이의) 십대 초반의 아동
specific needs of different populations— the blind, the
deaf, the elderly, non­English speakers, the turning off their phone
color­blind, and so on — when designing products. sending numerous messages

* empathy: 공감, 공감 능력 ** compassion: 동정심 making their phone storage full

physically destroying their phone
expressing anger and disappointment

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8. zb8 ) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 9. z b9 ) (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으
않은 것은? 로 가장 적절한 것은?

Theodore von Kármán, a Hungarian­American

engineer, was one of the greatest minds of the
twentieth century. He was born in Hungary and at an
early age, he showed a talent for math and science.
In 1908, he (A) received / was received a doctoral
degree in engineering at the University of Göttingen
in Germany. In the 1920s, he began traveling as a
lecturer and (B) consultant / a consultant to
industry. He (C) invited / was invited to the United
States to advise engineers on the design of a wind
tunnel at California Institute of Technology (Caltech).
He became the director of the Guggenheim
Aeronautical Laboratory at Caltech in 1930. Later, he
was awarded the National Medal of Science for his
leadership in science and engineering.
The graph above shows the animal protein
consumption measured as the average daily supply (A) (B) (C)
per person in three different countries in 2020. The received consultant was invited
U.S. showed the largest amount of total animal was received consultant invited
protein consumption per person among the three
received a consultant was invited
countries. Eggs and Dairy was the top animal protein
consumption source among four categories in the was received a consultant invited
U.S., followed by Meat and Poultry at 22.4g and received consultant invited
20.6g, respectively. Unlike the U.S., Brazil
consumed the most animal protein from Meat, with
Eggs and Dairy being the second most. Japan had
less than 50g of the total animal protein consumption
per person, which was the smallest among the three
countries. Fish and Seafood, which was the most
consumed animal protein consumption source in the
U.S. and Brazil, ranked the highest in Japan.

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10.
zb1 0) 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 11.
z b1 1) 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

For years, many psychologists have held strongly Emotion socialization — learning from other people
to the belief that the key to addressing negative about emotions and how to deal with them — starts
health habits is to __________. This, more than early in life and plays a foundational role for
values and attitudes, is the part of personality that is emotion regulation development. Although
easiest to change. Ingestive habits such as smoking, extra­familial influences, such as peers or media,
drinking and various eating behaviors are the most gain in importance during adolescence, parents
common health concerns targeted for behavioral remain the primary socialization agents. For example,
changes. Process­addiction behaviors (workaholism, their own responses to emotional situations serve as
shopaholism, and the like) fall into this category as a role model for emotion regulation, increasing the
well. Mental imagery combined with power of likelihood that their children will show similar
suggestion was taken up as the premise of behavioral reactions in comparable situations. Parental practices
medicine to help people change negative health at times when their children are faced with emotional
behaviors into positive ones. Although this technique challenges also impact emotion regulation
alone will not produce changes, when used alongside development. Whereas direct soothing and directive
other behavior modification tactics and coping guidance of what to do are beneficial for younger
strategies, behavioral changes have proved effective children, they may intrude on adolescents’ autonomy
for some people. What mental imagery does is striving. In consequence, adolescents might pull away
reinforce a new desired behavior. Repeated use of from, rather than turn toward, their parents in times
images reinforces the desired behavior more strongly of emotional crisis, unless parental practices are
over time. adjusted. More suitable in adolescence is indirect
support of autonomous emotion regulation, such as
* ingestive: (음식) 섭취의 ** premise: 전제
through interest in, as well as awareness and
take medicine nonjudgmental acceptance of, adolescents’ emotional
change behavior experiences, and being available when the adolescent
wants to talk.
shape personality
overcome addiction The Stages of Emotional Development

visualize mental imagery How to Deal with Emotional Outbursts

Adolescent Autonomy Striving and Emotional Crisis
Parental Authority: The Key to Well-Behaved
Children
Parental Influence on Emotion Regulation
Development

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12.
zb1 2) 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 13.
z b1 3) (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로
것은? 가장 적절한 것은?

Dancers often push themselves to the limits of We must explore the relationship between
their physical capabilities. But that push is misguided children’s film production and consumption habits.
if it is directed toward accomplishing something The term “children’s film” implies ownership by
physically impossible. children — their cinema — but films supposedly
made for children have always been consumed by
audiences of all ages, particularly in commercial
(A) Another dancer may be struggling to complete cinemas. The considerable crossover in audience (A)
a half­turn in the air. Understanding the connection composition / proportion for children’s films can
between a rapid turn rate and the alignment of the
be shown by the fact that, in 2007, eleven Danish
body close to the rotation axis tells her how to
children’s and youth films attracted 59 percent of
accomplish her turn successfully.
theatrical admissions, and in 2014, German children’s
(B) In both of these cases, understanding and films comprised seven out of the top twenty films at
working within the constraints imposed by nature the national box office. This phenomenon (B)
and described by physical laws allows dancers to conflicts / corresponds with a broader,
work efficiently, minimizing potential risk of injury. international embrace of what is seemingly children’s
culture among audiences of diverse ages. The old (C)
(C) For instance, a tall dancer with long feet may
precision / prejudice that children’s film is some
wish to perform repetitive vertical jumps to fast
other realm, separate from (and forever subordinate
music, pointing his feet while in the air and lowering
to) a more legitimate cinema for adults is not
his heels to the floor between jumps. That may be
supported by the realities of consumption: children’s
impossible no matter how strong the dancer is. But a
film is at the heart of contemporary popular culture.
short­footed dancer may have no trouble!
* subordinate: 하위의
* alignment: 정렬 ** rotation axis: 회전축
(A) (B) (C)
(A) – (C) – (B) (B) – (A) – (C)
composition conflicts precision
(B) – (C) – (A) (C) – (A) – (B)
composition corresponds prejudice
(C) – (B) – (A)
proportion conflicts precision
proportion corresponds prejudice
composition corresponds precision

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14.
zb1 4) 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? 15.
z b1 5) 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈
칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Beethoven’s drive to create something novel is a
reflection of his state of curiosity. Our brains Technologists are always on the lookout for
experience a sense of reward when we create quantifiable metrics. Measurable inputs to a model
something new in the process of exploring something are their lifeblood, and like a social scientist, a
uncertain, such as a musical phrase that we’ve never technologist needs to identify concrete measures, or
played or heard before. When our curiosity leads to “proxies,” for assessing progress. This need for
something novel, the resulting reward brings us a quantifiable proxies produces a bias toward
sense of pleasure. A number of investigators have measuring things that are easy to quantify. But
modeled how curiosity influences musical simple metrics can take us further away from the
composition. In the case of Beethoven, computer important goals we really care about, which may
modeling focused on the thirty­two piano sonatas require complicated metrics or be extremely difficult,
written after age thirteen revealed that the musical or perhaps impossible, to reduce to any measure.
patterns found in all of Beethoven’s music decreased And when we have imperfect or bad proxies, we can
in later sonatas, while novel patterns, including easily fall under the illusion that we are solving for a
patterns that were unique to a particular sonata, good end without actually making genuine progress
increased. In other words, Beethoven’s music became toward a worthy solution. The problem of proxies
less predictable over time as his curiosity drove the results in technologists frequently substituting what is
exploration of new musical ideas. Curiosity is a measurable for what is meaningful. As the saying
powerful driver of human creativity. goes, “Not everything that counts can be counted,
and not everything that can be counted counts.”
* sonata: 악곡의 한 형식
* metric: 측정 기준
evolution of Beethoven's musical pattern
decrease in predictability of Beethoven's music ↓

link between Beethoven's sonatas and novelty in The need for proxies causes ___(A)___ to
music quantifiable metrics leading to a focus on
influence of curiosity on Beethoven's creative ___(B)___ factors that may not accurately reflect
process important goals.

role of computer modeling in Beethoven's (A) (B)

composition Aversion tangible
Bias valuable
Attention invaluable
Preference tangible
Inclination valuable

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16.
zb1 6) 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? 17.
z b1 7) 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

We are the only species that seasons its food, Development of the human body from a single cell
deliberately altering it with the highly flavored plant provides many examples of the structural _______
parts we call herbs and spices. It’s quite possible that is possible when the repeated production of
that our taste for spices has an evolutionary root. random variation is combined with nonrandom
Many spices have antibacterial properties — in fact, selection. All phases of body development from
common seasonings such as garlic, onion, and embryo to adult exhibit random activities at the
oregano inhibit the growth of almost every bacterium cellular level, and body formation depends on the
tested. And the cultures that make the heaviest use new possibilities generated by these activities coupled
of spices — think of the garlic and black pepper of with selection of those outcomes that satisfy
Thai food, the ginger and coriander of India, the previously built­in criteria. Always new structure is
chili peppers of Mexico — come from warmer based on old structure, and at every stage selection
climates, where bacterial spoilage is a bigger issue. favors some cells and eliminates others. The
In contrast, the most lightly spiced cuisines — those survivors serve to produce new cells that undergo
of Scandinavia and northern Europe — are from further rounds of selection. Except in the immune
cooler climates. Our uniquely human attention to system, cells and extensions of cells are not
flavor, in this case the flavor of spices, turns out to genetically selected during development, but rather,
have arisen as a matter of life and death. are positionally selected. Those in the right place
that make the right connections are stimulated, and
* cuisine: 요리(법)
those that don’t are eliminated. This process is much
향신료의 발달은 인간의 생존과 관련이 있다. like sculpting. A natural consequence of the strategy
맛에 대한 인간의 관심은 역사적으로 계속되어 왔다. is great variability from individual to individual at the
cell and molecular levels, even though large­scale
마늘, 양파, 오레가노는 박테리아의 성장을 억제한다.
structures are quite similar.
향신료는 따뜻한 기후의 문화권에서 더 많이 사용된다.
* molecular: 분자의 ** embryo: 배아
인간은 향신료를 사용하여 음식의 맛을 의도적으로 바꾼다.
stability
richness
excellence
uniformity
improvement

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18. zb1 8) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 19.

z b1 9) (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로
적절하지 않은 것은? 가장 적절한 것은?

In order to bring the ever­increasing costs of home It is a common assumption that most vagrant birds
care for elderly and needy persons under control, are ultimately doomed, aside from the rare cases
managers of home care providers have introduced where individuals are able to reorientate and return
management systems. These systems specify tasks of to their normal ranges. In turn, it is also commonly
home care workers and the time and budget assumed that vagrancy itself is a relatively (A)
available to perform these tasks. Electronic reporting important / unimportant biological phenomenon.
systems require home care workers to report on This is undoubtedly true for the majority of cases, as
their activities and the time spent, thus making the the most likely outcome of any given vagrancy event
distribution of time and money visible and, in the is that the individual will fail to find enough
perception of managers, controllable. This, in the resources, and/or be exposed to inhospitable
view of managers, has impeded the resolution of environmental conditions, and (B) flourish / perish.
the problem. The home care workers, on the other However, there are many lines of evidence to suggest
hand, may perceive their work not as a set of that vagrancy can, on rare occasions, dramatically
separate tasks to be performed as efficiently as alter the fate of populations, species or even whole
possible, but as a service to be provided to a client ecosystems. Despite being (C) frequent / infrequent,
with whom they may have developed a relationship. these events can be extremely important when viewed
This includes having conversations with clients and at the timescales over which ecological and
enquiring about the person’s well­being. Restricted evolutionary processes unfold. The most profound
time and the requirement to report may be perceived consequences of vagrancy relate to the establishment
as obstacles that make it impossible to deliver the of new breeding sites, new migration routes and
service that is needed. If the management systems wintering locations. Each of these can occur through
are too rigid, this may result in home care different mechanisms, and at different frequencies,
workers becoming overloaded and demotivated. and they each have their own unique importance.

* vagrancy: 무리에서 떨어져 헤맴

** doomed: 죽을 운명의

*** inhospitable: 살기 힘든

(A) (B) (C)

important flourish frequent
unimportant flourish infrequent
important perish infrequent
unimportant perish frequent
unimportant perish infrequent

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20.
zb2 0) 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은? 21.
z b2 1) 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Intuition can be great, but it ought to be The fast­growing, tremendous amount of data,
hard­earned. Experts, for example, are able to think collected and stored in large and numerous data
on their feet because they’ve invested thousands of repositories, has far exceeded our human ability for
hours in learning and practice: their intuition has understanding without powerful tools. As a result,
become data­driven. Only then are they able to act data collected in large data repositories become “data
quickly in accordance with their internalized expertise tombs” — data archives that are hardly visited.
and evidence­based experience. Yet most people Important decisions are often made based not on the
are not experts, though they often think they are. information–rich data stored in data repositories but
Most of us, especially when we interact with others rather on a decision maker’s instinct, simply because
on social media, act with expert­like speed and the decision maker does not have the tools to extract
conviction, offering a wide range of opinions on the valuable knowledge hidden in the vast amounts
global crises, without the substance of knowledge of data. Efforts have been made to develop expert
that supports it. In turn, engaging with experts system and knowledge­based technologies, which
and professionals on social media allows individuals typically rely on users or domain experts to manually
to ask questions, seek advice, and receive valuable input knowledge into knowledge bases. However, this
insights to enhance their knowledge. And thanks procedure is likely to cause biases and errors and is
to AI, which ensures that our messages are delivered extremely costly and time consuming. The widening
to an audience more inclined to believing it, our gap between data and information calls for the
delusions of expertise can be reinforced by our systematic development of tools that can turn data
personal filter bubble. We have an interesting tombs into “golden nuggets” of knowledge.
tendency to find people more open­minded, rational,
* repository: 저장소 ** golden nugget: 금괴
and sensible when they think just like us.
The Rise of Expert Systems in Data Analysis
* intuition: 직관 ** delusion: 착각
The Emergence of Data Tombs: Challenges and
Solutions
Exploring the Role of Human Instinct in Data
Analytics
The Impact of Data Repositories on Decision-Making
Biases
Harnessing Big Data: Bridging the Gap between Data
and Decision-Making

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22.
zb2 2) 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 23.
z b2 3) 다음 글에 드러난 Christine의 심경 변화로 가장 적
것은? 절한 것은?

It’s untrue that teens can focus on two things at Christine was a cat owner who loved her furry
once — what they’re doing is shifting their attention companion, Leo. One morning, she noticed that Leo
from one task to another. In this digital age, teens was not feeling well. Concerned for her beloved cat,
wire their brains to make these shifts very quickly, Christine decided to take him to the animal hospital.
but they are still, like everyone else, paying attention As she always brought Leo to this hospital, she was
to one thing at a time, sequentially. certain that the vet knew well about Leo. She
desperately hoped Leo got the necessary care as
soon as possible.
(A) Common sense tells us multitasking should
increase brain activity, but Carnegie Mellon The waiting room was filled with other pet owners.
University scientists using the latest brain imaging Finally, it was Leo’s turn to see the vet. Christine
technology find it doesn’t. As a matter of fact, they watched as the vet gently examined him. The vet
discovered that multitasking actually decreases brain said, “I think Leo has a minor infection.” “Infection?
activity. Neither task is done as well as if each were Will he be okay?” asked Christine. “We need to do
performed individually. some tests to see if he is infected. But for the tests,
it’s best for Leo to stay here,” replied the vet. It was
(B) Our brains perform a familiar task on heartbreaking for Christine to leave Leo at the
“automatic pilot” while really paying attention to the animal hospital, but she had to accept it was for the
other one. That’s why insurance companies consider best.
talking on a cell phone and driving to be as
dangerous as driving while drunk — it’s the driving “I’ll call you with updates as soon as we know
that goes on “automatic pilot” while the conversation anything,” said the vet. Throughout the day,
really holds our attention. Our kids may be living in Christine anxiously awaited news about Leo. Later
the Information Age but our brains have not been that day, the phone rang and it was the vet. “The
redesigned yet. tests revealed a minor infection. Leo needs some
medication and rest, but he'll be back to his playful
(C) Fractions of a second are lost every time we
self soon.” Relieved to hear the news, Christine
make a switch, and a person’s interrupted task can rushed back to the animal hospital to pick up Leo.
take 50 percent longer to finish, with 50 percent
more errors. Turns out the latest brain research The vet provided detailed instructions on how to
supports the old advice “one thing at a time.” It’s administer the medication and shared tips for a
not that kids can’t do some tasks simultaneously. But speedy recovery. Back at home, Christine created a
if two tasks are performed at once, one of them has comfortable space for Leo to rest and heal. She
to be familiar. patted him with love and attention, ensuring that he
would recover in no time. As the days passed, Leo
(A) – (C) – (B) (B) – (A) – (C)
gradually regained his strength and playful spirit.
(B) – (C) – (A) (C) – (A) – (B)
hopeful → regretful concerned → comforted
(C) – (B) – (A)
joyful → disappointed suspicious → furious
frightened → anxious

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24.
zb2 4) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 26.
z b2 6) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Dear Art Crafts People of Greenville, Too many times people, especially in today’s
generation, expect things to just happen overnight.
For the annual Crafts Fair on May 25 from 1 p.m.
When we have these false expectations, it tends to
to 6 p.m., the Greenville Community Center is
discourage us from continuing to move forward.
providing booth spaces to rent as in previous years.
Because this is a high tech society, everything we
To reserve your space, please visit our website and
want has to be within the parameters of our
complete a registration form by April 20. The
comfort and convenience. If it doesn’t happen fast
rental fee is $50. All the money we receive from
enough, we’re tempted to lose interest. So many
rental fees go to support upcoming activities
people don’t want to take the time which requires
throughout the year. We expect all available spaces
to be successful. Success is not a matter of mere
to be fully booked soon, so don’t get left out. We
desire; you should develop patience in order to
hope to see you at the fair.
achieve it. Have you fallen prey to impatience?
Great things take time to build.

* parameter: 매개 변수, 제한

[연계문항 2024년 3월 교육청(고2) 19번]

25.
zb2 5) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 (가)를 <조건>에 맞게 영작하시
오.

Sarah, a young artist with a love for painting,

entered a local art contest. As she looked at the
amazing artworks made by others, her confidence
dropped. She quietly thought, ‘I might not win an
award.’ The moment of judgment arrived, and the
judges began announcing winners one by one. (가) 그
녀는 마지막에야 자신의 이름을 들었다. The head of the
judges said, “Congratulations, Sarah Parker! You won
first prize. We loved the uniqueness of your work.”
Sarah was overcome with joy, and she couldn’t stop
smiling. This experience meant more than just
winning; it confirmed her identity as an artist.

<조건>
- 아래 단어를 사용할 것
: it / not / that / until
→ ____________________________________________

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insignificant due to their side effects
27. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A)~(D)에 적절한 단어를 <보기>에
outdated in our histories of technology
zb2 7)

서 찾아 쓰시오. (단, 중복하여 쓸 수 없음)

absorbed into the furniture of our lives
If you had wanted to create a “self­driving” car in
useful in saving time in modern society
the 1950s, your best option might have been to strap
a brick to the accelerator. Yes, the vehicle would surpassed the new ones in terms of stability
have been able to move forward on its own, but
___(A)___ could not slow down, stop, or turn to
avoid barriers. Obviously not ideal. But does that
mean the entire concept of the self­driving car is not
worth pursuing? No, it only means ___(B)___ at the [연계문항 2024년 3월 교육청(고2) 23번]

time we did not yet have the tools we now possess to 29.
z b2 9) 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
help enable vehicles to operate both autonomously
Empathy is frequently listed as one of the most
and safely. This once­distant dream now seems
desired skills in an employer or employee, although
within our reach. It is much the same story in
__________. Some businesses stress cognitive
medicine. Two decades ago, we were still taping
empathy, emphasizing the need for leaders to
bricks to accelerators. Today, we are approaching
understand the perspective of employees and
the point ___(C)___ we can begin to bring some
customers when negotiating deals and making
appropriate technology to bear in ways that advance
decisions. Others stress affective empathy and
our understanding of patients as unique individuals.
empathic concern, emphasizing the ability of leaders
In fact, many patients are already wearing devices
to gain trust from employees and customers by
that monitor their conditions in real time, ___(D)___
treating them with real concern and compassion.
allows doctors to talk to their patients in a specific,
When some consultants argue that successful
refined, and feedback­driven way that was not even
companies foster empathy, what that translates to is
possible a decade ago.
that companies should conduct good market
* strap: 끈으로 묶다 ** autonomously: 자율적으로 research. In other words, an “empathic” company
understands the needs and wants of its customers
and seeks to fulfill those needs and wants. When
<보기>
some people speak of design with empathy, what that
that / which / where / it translates to is that companies should take into
(A): ____________ (B) ____________ account the specific needs of different populations—
(C): ____________ (D) ____________ the blind, the deaf, the elderly, non­English speakers,
the color­blind, and so on — when designing
products.

* empathy: 공감, 공감 능력 ** compassion: 동정심

without specifying exactly what is meant by empathy

[연계문항 2024년 3월 교육청(고2) 22번]

28.
zb2 8) 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
without emphasizing the role of empathy in business
with minimizing the significance of empathy in
We tend to overrate the impact of new technologies
leadership
in part because older technologies have become
with misunderstanding the concept of empathy in
__________, so as to be almost invisible. Take the
baby bottle. Here is a simple implement that has employment
transformed a fundamental human experience for without integrating empathy into business strategies
vast numbers of infants and mothers, yet it finds no effectively
place in our histories of technology. This technology
might be thought of as a classic time­shifting device,
as it enables mothers to exercise more control over
the timing of feeding. It can also function to save
time, as bottle feeding allows for someone else to
substitute for the mother’s time. Potentially,
therefore, it has huge implications for the
management of time in everyday life, yet it is entirely
overlooked in discussions of high­speed society.

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30.
zb3 0) 다음 글에서 밑줄 친 (A)가 의미하는 바를 본문에서 31.
z b3 1) 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
찾아 아래 빈칸을 채우시오.

The most prevalent problem kids report is that

they feel like they need to be accessible at all times.
Because technology allows for it, they feel (A) an
obligation. It’s easy for most of us to relate — you
probably feel the same pressure in your own life! It
is really challenging to deal with the fact that we’re
human and can’t always respond instantly. For a
teen or tween who’s still learning the ins and outs of
social interactions, it’s even worse. Here’s how this
behavior plays out sometimes: Your child texts one
of his friends, and the friend doesn’t text back right
away. Now it’s easy for your child to think, “This
person doesn’t want to be my friend anymore!” So
he texts again, and again, and again — “blowing up
their phone.” This can be stress­inducing and even The graph above shows the animal protein
read as aggressive. But you can see how easily this consumption measured as the average daily supply
could happen. per person in three different countries in 2020.
The U.S. showed the largest amount of total animal
* tween: (10 ~ 12세 사이의) 십대 초반의 아동
protein consumption per person among the three
→ Kids feel an obligation that they need to countries. Eggs and Dairy was the top animal
________ ________. protein consumption source among four categories in
the U.S., followed by Meat and Poultry at 22.4g and
20.6g, respectively. Unlike the U.S., Brazil
consumed the most animal protein from Meat, with
Poultry being the second most. Japan had less
than 50g of the total animal protein consumption per
person, which was the smallest among the three
countries. Fish and Seafood, which was the least
consumed animal protein consumption source in the
U.S. and Brazil, ranked the highest in Japan.

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32.
zb3 2) 다음 글을 읽고 아래 질문에 대한 답을 영어로 작성
하시오. (단, 본문에 쓰인 단어를 그대로 사용할 것)

Theodore von Kármán, a Hungarian­American

engineer, was one of the greatest minds of the
twentieth century. He was born in Hungary and at an
early age, he showed a talent for math and science.
In 1908, he received a doctoral degree in engineering
[연계문항 2024년 3월 교육청(고2) 30번]
at the University of Göttingen in Germany. In the
34. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로
1920s, he began traveling as a lecturer and
z b3 4)

가장 적절한 것은?
consultant to industry. He was invited to the United
States to advise engineers on the design of a wind Emotion socialization — learning from other people
tunnel at California Institute of Technology (Caltech). about emotions and how to deal with them — starts
He became the director of the Guggenheim early in life and plays a foundational role for
Aeronautical Laboratory at Caltech in 1930. Later, he emotion regulation development. Although
was awarded the National Medal of Science for his extra­familial influences, such as peers or media,
leadership in science and engineering. gain in importance during adolescence, parents
remain the (A) primary / subordinate socialization
agents. For example, their own responses to
Q: What are the four jobs described for Theodore
emotional situations serve as a role model for
von Kármán in the passage?
emotion regulation, increasing the likelihood that
Answer: He was a _______________________________ their children will show similar reactions in (B)
________________________________________________ comparable / incomparable situations. Parental
practices at times when their children are faced with
emotional challenges also impact emotion regulation
development. Whereas direct soothing and directive
guidance of what to do are beneficial for younger
[연계문항 2024년 3월 교육청(고2) 29번] children, they may intrude on adolescents’ autonomy

33.
zb3 3) 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
striving. In consequence, adolescents might pull away
from, rather than turn toward, their parents in times
적절한 곳을 고르시오.
of emotional crisis, unless parental practices are
Process­addiction behaviors (workaholism, adjusted. More suitable in adolescence is (C) direct /
shopaholism, and the like) fall into this category as indirect support of autonomous emotion regulation,
well.
such as through interest in, as well as awareness
and nonjudgmental acceptance of, adolescents’
emotional experiences, and being available when the
For years, many psychologists have held strongly
adolescent wants to talk.
to the belief that the key to addressing negative
health habits is to change behavior. This, more than (A) (B) (C)
values and attitudes, is the part of personality that is
primary comparable direct
easiest to change. ( ) Ingestive habits such as
subordinate comparable indirect
smoking, drinking and various eating behaviors are
the most common health concerns targeted for primary incomparable indirect
behavioral changes. ( ) Mental imagery combined subordinate incomparable direct
with power of suggestion was taken up as the primary comparable indirect
premise of behavioral medicine to help people change
negative health behaviors into positive ones. ( )
Although this technique alone will not produce
changes, when used alongside other behavior
modification tactics and coping strategies, behavioral
changes have proved effective for some people. ( )
What mental imagery does is reinforce a new desired
behavior. ( ) Repeated use of images reinforces
the desired behavior more strongly over time.

* ingestive: (음식) 섭취의 ** premise: 전제

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35.
zb3 5) 다음 글을 읽고, 밑줄 친 (가)에 해당하는 예시를 본 36.
z b3 6) 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
문에서 찾아 우리말로 표를 완성하시오.
We must explore the relationship between
Dancers often push themselves to the limits of children’s film production and consumption habits.
their physical capabilities. But that push is misguided The term “children’s film” implies ownership by
if it is directed toward accomplishing something children — their cinema — but films supposedly
physically impossible. For instance, a tall dancer with made for children have always been consumed by
long feet may wish to perform repetitive vertical audiences of all ages, particularly in commercial
jumps to fast music, pointing his feet while in the air cinemas. The considerable crossover in audience
and lowering his heels to the floor between jumps. composition for children’s films can be shown by the
That may be impossible no matter how strong the fact that, in 2007, eleven Danish children’s and youth
dancer is. But a short­footed dancer may have no films attracted 59 percent of theatrical admissions,
trouble! Another dancer may be struggling to and in 2014, German children’s films comprised
complete a half­turn in the air. Understanding the seven out of the top twenty films at the national box
connection between a rapid turn rate and the office. This phenomenon corresponds with a broader,
alignment of the body close to the rotation axis tells international embrace of what is seemingly children’s
her how to accomplish her turn successfully. In both culture among audiences of diverse ages. The old
of these cases, understanding and working within the prejudice that children’s film is some other realm,
(가) constraints imposed by nature and described by separate from (and forever subordinate to) a more
physical laws allows dancers to work efficiently, legitimate cinema for adults is not supported by the
minimizing potential risk of injury. realities of consumption: children’s film is at the
heart of contemporary popular culture.
* alignment: 정렬 ** rotation axis: 회전축
* subordinate: 하위의

수직 점프를 하려 어린이를 위해 만들어진 영화는 모든 연령대의 관객들에게

example 는 키가 크고 발 (1) 소비되어 왔다.

이 긴 무용수 2007년 덴마크의 어린이 및 청소년 영화 11편은 극장에

물리적 법칙에 따 입장한 어린이 및 청소년의 59퍼센트를 끌어모았다.
constraints (2)
른 제약 2014년 독일의 어린이 영화는 전국 극장 흥행 수익 상위
understan 빠른 회전 속도와 20개 영화 중 7개를 차지했다.
ding and 회전축에 가깝게 겉으로는 어린이 문화처럼 보이는 것이 더 광범위하고 국
working (3) 몸을 정렬하는 것 제적으로 수용된다.
within the 의 연관성을 이해
어린이 영화가 성인을 위한 영화와는 별개의 다른 영역이
constraints 한다.
라는 편견은 소비의 실상에 의해 뒷받침되지 않는다.
(1): _______________________________
(2): _______________________________
(3): _______________________________

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→ Not everything that is ___(a)___ is ___(b)___
37. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
(a): ____________, ____________
zb3 7)

Beethoven’s drive to create something novel is a (b): ____________, ____________

reflection of his state of curiosity. Our brains
experience a sense of reward when we create
something new in the process of exploring something
uncertain, such as a musical phrase that we’ve
never played or heard before. When our curiosity
[연계문항 2024년 3월 교육청(고2) 35번]
leads to something novel, the resulting reward
39. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이
brings us a sense of pleasure. A number of
z b3 9)

적절하지 않은 것은?
investigators have modeled how curiosity
influences musical composition. In the case of We are the only species that seasons its food,
Beethoven, computer modeling was focused on the deliberately altering it with the highly flavored plant
thirty­two piano sonatas written after age thirteen parts we call herbs and spices. It’s quite possible
revealed that the musical patterns found in all of that our taste for spices has an evolutionary root.
Beethoven’s music decreased in later sonatas, while Many spices have antibacterial properties — in fact,
novel patterns, including patterns that were unique common seasonings such as garlic, onion, and
to a particular sonata, increased. In other words, oregano promote the growth of almost every
Beethoven’s music became less predictable over time bacterium tested. And the cultures that make the
as his curiosity drove the exploration of new heaviest use of spices — think of the garlic and
musical ideas. Curiosity is a powerful driver of black pepper of Thai food, the ginger and coriander
human creativity. of India, the chili peppers of Mexico — come from
warmer climates, where bacterial spoilage is a
* sonata: 악곡의 한 형식
bigger issue. In contrast, the most lightly spiced
cuisines — those of Scandinavia and northern Europe
— are from cooler climates. Our uniquely human
attention to flavor, in this case the flavor of spices,
turns out to have arisen as a matter of life and
[연계문항 2024년 3월 교육청(고2) 34번]
death.

38.
zb3 8) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 (가)를 아래와 같이 바꿔 쓸 때, * cuisine: 요리(법)
빈칸 (a), (b)에 들어갈 단어를 각각 두 개씩 본문에서
찾아 쓰시오.

Technologists are always on the lookout for

quantifiable metrics. Measurable inputs to a model
are their lifeblood, and like a social scientist, a
technologist needs to identify concrete measures, or
“proxies,” for assessing progress. This need for
quantifiable proxies produces a bias toward
measuring things that are easy to quantify. But
simple metrics can take us further away from the
important goals we really care about, which may
require complicated metrics or be extremely difficult,
or perhaps impossible, to reduce to any measure.
And when we have imperfect or bad proxies, we can
easily fall under the illusion that we are solving for a
good end without actually making genuine progress
toward a worthy solution. The problem of proxies
results in technologists frequently substituting what is
measurable for what is meaningful. As the saying
goes, “(가) Not everything that counts can be
counted, and not everything that can be counted
counts.”

* metric: 측정 기준

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40.
zb4 0) 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? 41.
z b4 1) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Development of the human body from a single cell In order to bring the ever­increasing costs of home
provides many examples of the structural richness care for elderly and needy persons under control,
that is possible when the repeated production of managers of home care providers have introduced
random variation is combined with nonrandom management systems. These systems specify tasks of
selection. All phases of body development from home care workers and the time and budget
embryo to adult exhibit random activities at the available to perform these tasks. Electronic reporting
cellular level, and body formation depends on the systems require home care workers to report on
new possibilities generated by these activities coupled their activities and the time spent, thus making
with selection of those outcomes that satisfy the distribution of time and money visible and, in the
previously built­in criteria. Always new structure is perception of managers, controllable. This, in the
based on old structure, and at every stage selection view of managers, has contributed to the resolution
favors some cells and eliminates others. The of the problem. The home care workers, on the
survivors serve to produce new cells that undergo other hand, may perceive their work not as a set of
further rounds of selection. Except in the immune separate tasks to be performed as efficiently as
system, cells and extensions of cells are not possible, but as a service to be provided to a client
genetically selected during development, but rather, whom they may have developed a relationship.
are positionally selected. Those in the right place This includes having conversations with clients and
that make the right connections are stimulated, and enquiring about the person’s well­being. Restricted
those that don’t are eliminated. This process is much time and the requirement to report may be perceived
like sculpting. A natural consequence of the strategy as obstacles that make it impossible to deliver the
is great variability from individual to individual at the service that is needed. If the management systems
cell and molecular levels, even though large­scale are too rigid, this may result in home care workers
structures are quite similar. becoming overloaded and demotivated.

* molecular: 분자의 ** embryo: 배아

influence of environmental factors on human body

formation
role of genetic selection in the development of the
human body
formation of cells and molecules combined with
random selection
immune system's unique role in cellular selection
during development
factors contributing to structural diversity in human
body development

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42.
zb4 2) 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? 43.
z b4 3) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

It is a common assumption that most vagrant birds Intuition can be great, but it ought to be
are ultimately doomed, aside from the rare cases hard­earned. Experts, for example, are able to think
where individuals are able to reorientate and return on their feet because they’ve invested thousands
to their normal ranges. In turn, it is also commonly of hours in learning and practice: their intuition has
assumed that vagrancy itself is a relatively become data­driven. Only then are they able to
unimportant biological phenomenon. This is act quickly in accordance with their internalized
undoubtedly true for the majority of cases, as the expertise and evidence­based experience. Yet most
most likely outcome of any given vagrancy event is people are not experts, though they often think they
that the individual will fail to find enough resources, are. Most of us, especially when we interact with
and/or be exposed to inhospitable environmental others on social media, acting with expert­like
conditions, and perish. However, there are many speed and conviction, offering a wide range of
lines of evidence to suggest that vagrancy can, on opinions on global crises, without the substance of
rare occasions, dramatically alter the fate of knowledge that supports it. And thanks to AI, which
populations, species or even whole ecosystems. ensures that our messages are delivered to an
Despite being infrequent, these events can be audience more inclined to believing it, our
extremely important when viewed at the timescales delusions of expertise can be reinforced by our
over which ecological and evolutionary processes personal filter bubble. We have an interesting
unfold. The most profound consequences of vagrancy tendency to find people more open­minded, rational,
relate to the establishment of new breeding sites, and sensible when they think just like us.
new migration routes and wintering locations. Each
* intuition: 직관 ** delusion: 착각
of these can occur through different mechanisms,
and at different frequencies, and they each have
their own unique importance.

* vagrancy: 무리에서 떨어져 헤맴 ** doomed: 죽을

운명의 *** inhospitable: 살기 힘든

common outcome of vagrancy events

frequency of vagrancy events in nature
survival challenges faced by vagrant birds
importance of vagrancy in ecology and evolution
role of individual behavior in vagrancy occurrences

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[연계문항 2024년 3월 교육청(고2) 40번] [연계문항 2024년 3월 교육청(고2) 41~42번]

44.
zb4 4) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 45.
z b4 5) 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

The fast­growing, tremendous amount of data, It’s untrue that teens can focus on two things at
collected and stored in large and numerous data once — what they’re doing is shifting their attention
repositories, has far exceeded our human ability from one task to another. In this digital age, teens
for understanding without powerful tools. As a result, wire their brains to make these shifts very quickly,
data collect in large data repositories become but they are still, like everyone else, paying attention
“data tombs” — data archives that are hardly visited. to one thing at a time, sequentially. Common sense
Important decisions are often made based not on the tells us multitasking should increase brain activity,
information–rich data stored in data repositories but but Carnegie Mellon University scientists using the
rather on a decision maker’s instinct, simply because latest brain imaging technology find it doesn’t. As a
the decision maker does not have the tools to extract matter of fact, they discovered that multitasking
the valuable knowledge hidden in the vast actually decreases brain activity. Neither task is done
amounts of data. Efforts have been made to as well as if each were performed individually.
develop expert system and knowledge­based Fractions of a second are lost every time we make a
technologies, which typically rely on users or domain switch, and a person’s interrupted task can take 50
experts to manually input knowledge into knowledge percent longer to finish, with 50 percent more
bases. However, this procedure is likely to cause errors. Turns out the latest brain research supports
biases and errors and is extremely costly and the old advice “one thing at a time.”
time consuming. The widening gap between data and
It’s not that kids can’t do some tasks
information calls for the systematic development of
simultaneously. But if two tasks are performed at
tools that can turn data tombs into “golden nuggets”
once, one of them has to be familiar. Our brains
of knowledge.
perform a familiar task on “automatic pilot” while
really paying attention to the other one. That’s why
insurance companies consider talking on a cell
phone and driving to be as dangerous as driving
while drunk — it’s the driving that goes on
“automatic pilot” while the conversation really holds
our attention. Our kids may be living in the
Information Age __________.

* repository: 저장소 ** golden nugget: 금괴

and their brains are catching up

yet they hardly adapt to modern demands
while our multitasking skills are developing
but our brains have not been redesigned yet
although their attention spans remain short

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 고2 21
[연계문항 2024년 3월 교육청(고2) 43~45번]

46.
zb4 6) 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

Christine was a cat owner who loved her furry

companion, Leo. One morning, she noticed that Leo
was not feeling well. Concerned for her beloved cat,
Christine decided to take him to the animal hospital.
As she always brought Leo to this hospital, she was
certain that the vet knew well about Leo. She
desperately hoped Leo got the necessary care as
soon as possible.

The waiting room was filled with other pet owners.

Finally, it was Leo’s turn to see the vet. Christine
watched as the vet gently examined him. The vet
said, “I think Leo has a minor infection.” “Infection?
Will he be okay?” asked Christine. “We need to do
some tests to see if he is infected. But for the tests,
it’s best for Leo to stay here,” replied the vet. It was
heartbreaking for Christine to leave Leo at the
animal hospital, but she had to accept it was for the
best.

“I’ll call you with updates as soon as we know

anything,” said the vet. Throughout the day,
Christine anxiously awaited news about Leo. Later
that day, the phone rang and it was the vet. “The
tests revealed a minor infection. Leo needs some
medication and rest, but he'll be back to his playful
self soon.” Relieved to hear the news, Christine
rushed back to the animal hospital to pick up Leo.

The vet provided detailed instructions on how to

administer the medication and shared tips for a
speedy recovery. Back at home, Christine created a
comfortable space for Leo to rest and heal. She
patted him with love and attention, ensuring that he
would recover in no time. As the days passed, Leo
gradually regained his strength and playful spirit.

Christine은 처음으로 Leo를 동물병원에 데려갔다.

동물병원의 대기실에는 사람이 별로 없었다.
검사를 위해 Christine은 Leo를 병원에 두고 갔다.
Leo의 검사 결과는 다음날 오전에 나왔다.
며칠이 지나자 Leo의 상태는 더욱 악화되었다.

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22 고2

의 기술의 발전에 대한 내용의 글이다. 따라서 글의

제목으로 가장 적절한 것은 ‘혁신의 진화: 벽돌
에서 의료 착용 장치까지’이다.
[출제의도] 글의 제목을 추론한다.
1 2 3 4 5

5)
6 7 8 9 10
[정답]
11 12 13 14 15 [해설] 앞 문장에서 이 기술(젖병)은 시간을 조절하는
장치로, 엄마가 수유 시간에 대해 더 많은 통제력을
16 17 18 19 20
발휘할 수 있게 했다고 했고, 뒷 문장에서는 잠재적
21 22 23 24 25 서술형 으로 그것(젖병)이 시간 관리에 큰 영향을 미친다고
했으므로 앞에서 언급한 장점에 더해 젖병 수유는
26 27 서술형 28 29 30 서술형
또한 시간을 절약하는 기능도 한다는 주어진 문장이
31 32 서술형 33 34 35 서술형 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은 이다.
[출제의도] 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치를 파악한다.
36 37 38 서술형 39 40
6)
41 42 43 44 45
[정답]
46 [해설] 뒤에 주어(companies), 동사(foster), 목적어
(empathy)를 갖춘 완전한 절이 왔으므로 what은
올 수 없다. 동사(argue)의 목적어 자리에서 완전한
1)
절을 이끄는 명사절 접속사 that으로 바꿔 써야 한
[정답]
다.
[해설] 부스 대여료로 받은 돈은 연중 예정된 활동을 지
[출제의도] 어법에 맞는 표현을 찾는다.
원하는 데 사용된다고 했으므로 는 글의 내용과
일치하지 않는다. 7)
[출제의도] 글의 세부내용을 파악한다. [정답]
[해설] 항상 연락될 수 있어야 한다고 느끼는 압박감에
2)
관한 내용의 글로, 문자 메시지를 보냈을 때 답장을
[정답]
즉시 받지 못한다면 계속 문자 메시지를 보낸다는
[해설] Sarah가 미술 대회에 참가하여 1등을 했다는 내
의미이므로 밑줄 친 부분이 글에서 의미하는 바로
용의 글이므로 이 경험이 예술가로서 그녀의 정체성
가장 적절한 것은 ‘수많은 메시지를 보내는 것’
을 ‘의심하게 했다’는 의미는 적절하지 않다. 따라서
이다.
의 challenged를 confirmed와 같은 낱말로 바꾸
[출제의도] 글의 함축 의미를 추론한다.
어야 한다.
[출제의도] 문맥상 적절한 어휘를 찾는다. 8)
[정답]
3)
[해설] 생선과 해산물은 미국과 브라질에서 ‘가장 적게’
[정답]
섭취한 동물성 단백질 섭취원이므로 의 most를
[해설] (A) 잘못된 기대를 가질 때, 그것은 우리가 앞으
least와 같은 낱말로 바꿔 써야 한다.
로 나아가는 것을 ‘방해하는’ 경향이 있다는 의미가
[출제의도] 도표의 내용상 적절한 어휘를 찾는다.
되어야 하므로 discourage가 적절하다. (B) 일이 충
분히 빨리 일어나지 않으면, 우리는 흥미를 ‘잃게끔’ 9)
유혹을 받는다는 의미가 되어야 하므로 lose가 적절 [정답]
하다. (C) 성공을 이루기 위해 ‘인내심’을 길러야 한 [해설] (A) 뒤에 목적어(a doctoral degree)가 있으므로
다는 의미가 되어야 하므로 patience가 적절하다. 능동태 received가 적절하다. (B) 강연자와 자문 위
[출제의도] 문맥상 적절한 어휘를 찾는다. 원이 각기 다른 두 사람이 아닌 Theodore von
Kármán이 강연자 겸 자문 위원이었다는 의미이므
4)
로 consultant가 적절하다. (C) 주어(He)는 초청 받
[정답]
은 대상이므로 수동태 was invited가 적절하다.
[해설] 1950년대에 가속 페달에 벽돌을 고정하여 자율
[출제의도] 어법에 맞는 표현을 찾는다.
주행 자동차를 만들 수는 있으나, 지금처럼 자동차
를 자율적이고도 안전하게 작동할 수 있게 해주는 10)
도구를 가지고 있지 않았으며, 의학 분야에서도 자 [정답]
신의 상태를 실시간으로 관찰하는 장치를 착용하여 [해설] 섭취 습관과 과정 중독 행동은 행동 변화의 대상
십 년 전에는 전혀 가능하지 않았던 방식으로 환자 이며, 부정적인 건강 행동을 긍정적인 것으로 바꾸
에게 말할 수 있게 되었다는 자동차와 의학분야에서

◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법 시행령」제33조에 의한 표시 ◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」외에도「저작권법」에 의하여 보호되는 콘텐츠의 경우, 그 콘텐츠의 전부
1) 제작연월일 : 2024-04-03 2) 제작자 : 교육지대㈜
또는 일부를 무단으로 복제하거나 전송하는 것은 콘텐츠산업 진흥법 외에도 저작권법에 의한
3) 이 콘텐츠는 「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」에 따라 최초 제작
일부터 5년간 보호됩니다. 법적 책임을 질 수 있습니다.
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 고2 23
는 데에는 암시의 힘과 결합된 마음 속 이미지가 도 한 필요성은 정량화할 수 있는 측정 기준에 대한
움을 주는데, 다른 행동 수정 기법과 함께 사용되면 ‘선호’를 야기하는데, 이것은 중요한 목표를 정확히
행동 변화가 효과적이라고 한 내용을 통해 부정적인 반영하지 않을 수 있는 ‘감지할 수 있는’ 요소에 집
건강 습관을 해결하기 위한 열쇠는 ‘행동을 바꾸는 중하게 한다.
것’이라는 의미가 되어야 함을 추론할 수 있다. 따 [출제의도] 요약문을 완성한다.
라서 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것은 이다.
[출제의도] 빈칸에 적절한 표현을 추론한다. 16)
[정답]
11) [해설] 항균성을 가지고 있는 향신료는 박테리아의 성장
[정답] 을 억제하여 음식의 부패를 막는다는 내용의 글로,
[해설] 청소년기의 감정 사회화 및 감정 조절 발달에 부 향신료에 대한 우리의 미각이 진화적 뿌리를 가지고
모가 큰 영향을 미친다는 내용의 글이다. 따라서 글 있다고 했으므로 인간의 생존과 관련이 있다는 내용
의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은 ‘감정 조절 발달 임을 추론할 수 있다. 따라서 글의 요지로 가장 적
에 있어서 부모의 역할’이다. 절한 것은 이다.
[출제의도] 글의 제목을 추론한다. [출제의도] 글의 요지를 파악한다.

12) 17)
[정답] [정답]
[해설] 무용수가 신체 능력의 한계까지 자신을 밀어붙인 [해설] 인간의 신체 발달의 모든 단계는 세포 수준에서는
다는 주어진 글 다음에는 For instance로 시작하여 무작위 활동을 보이며, 선택의 과정을 통해 새로운
키가 크고 발이 긴 무용수가 수직 점프를 하는 것은 세포들을 만들어 내는데, 이로 인해 인간의 신체 발
불가능할 수 있다는 첫 번째 예시인 (C)가 와야 한 달은 전체 구조가 비슷하더라도 세포와 분자 수준에
다. 그 다음에는 Another로 시작하여 공중에서 반 서는 개인마다 큰 변이성이 있다는 내용의 글이다.
회전 하려는 무용수에 대한 또 다른 예시를 드는 무작위적인 변이의 반복적 생성이 비무작위적인 선
(A)가 와야 한다. 마지막으로는 In both of these 택과 결합될 때 가능해지는 구조적 ‘풍부함’이라는
cases로 앞에 나온 두 가지 사례를 언급하는 (B)로 의미가 되어야 하므로 빈칸에 적절한 것은 이다.
이어지는 것이 글의 순서로 가장 적절하다. [출제의도] 빈칸에 적절한 표현을 추론한다.
[출제의도] 글의 순서를 파악한다.
18)
13) [정답]
[정답] [해설] 관리 시스템이 관리자의 관점에서는 문제 해결에
[해설] (A) 영화의 관객 ‘구성’에서 연령 간의 넘나듦이 ‘기여해 왔다’라는 의미가 되어야 하므로 의
라는 의미가 되어야 하므로 composition이 적절하 impeded를 contributed to와 같은 낱말로 바꾸어
다. (B) 어린이 영화가 모든 연령대의 관객들에게 소 야 한다.
비되는 현상은 겉으로 어린이 문화처럼 보이는 것이 [출제의도] 문맥상 적절한 어휘를 찾는다.
더 광범위하게 수용되는 것과 ‘일치한다’는 의미가
되어야 하므로 corresponds가 적절하다. (C) 어린 19)
이 영화가 성인을 위한 더 제대로 된 영화와는 별개 [정답]
의 다른 영역이라는 오래된 ‘편견’이라는 의미가 되 [해설] (A) 앞 문장에서 무리에서 떨어져 헤매는 새들의
어야 하므로 prejudice가 적절하다. 대부분의 경우 죽을 운명이라고 했으므로 무리에서
[출제의도] 문맥상 적절한 어휘를 찾는다. 떨어져 헤매는 것 자체가 비교적 ‘중요하지 않은’
생물학적 현상이라겨 여겨진다는 의미가 되어야 한
14) 다. 따라서 unimportant가 적절하다. (B) 충분한
[정답] 자원을 찾지 못하거나 살기 힘든 환경 조건에 노출
[해설] 베토벤의 호기심이 새로운 것을 창작하려는 욕구 되어 ‘죽다’라는 의미가 되어야 하므로 perish가 적
로 이어졌다는 내용의 글로 그의 호기심이 새로운 절하다. (C) 앞 문장에서 드문 경우에 무리에서 떨
음악적 아이디어의 탐구를 이끌엇고, 이에 따라 그 어져 헤매는 것이 생태계 전체의 운명을 바꿀 수 있
의 음악은 시간이 지날수록 덜 예측 가능하게 되었 다고 했으므로 ‘드물기는’ 하지만 이러한 경우들은
다고 했다. 따라서 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은 매우 중요하다는 의미가 되어야 하므로 infrequent
‘베토벤의 창의적 과정에 호기심이 미친 영향’이 가 적절하다.
다. [출제의도] 문맥상 적절한 어휘를 찾는다.
[출제의도] 글의 주제를 추론한다.
20)
15) [정답]
[정답] [해설] 충분한 시간을 들여 쌓은 내재화된 전문 지식과
[해설] 기술자가 진척 상황을 평가하기 위한 프록시에 대 증거에 기반한 경험과 직관에 따라 행동하는 전문가

◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법 시행령」제33조에 의한 표시 ◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」외에도「저작권법」에 의하여 보호되는 콘텐츠의 경우, 그 콘텐츠의 전부
1) 제작연월일 : 2024-04-03 2) 제작자 : 교육지대㈜
또는 일부를 무단으로 복제하거나 전송하는 것은 콘텐츠산업 진흥법 외에도 저작권법에 의한
3) 이 콘텐츠는 「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」에 따라 최초 제작
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와 다르게, 대부분의 사람들은 실제로 전문가가 아 [출제의도] 어법에 맞는 표현을 찾는다.

님에도 소셜 미디어에서 전문가와 같은 속도와 확신
으로 행동하며, 인공 지능으로 인해 전문 지식에 대 25)
한 착각은 더욱 강화된다는 내용의 글이다. 따라서, [정답] It was not until the end that she heard her
소셜 미디어에서 전문가들과 관계를 맺는 것은 개인 name.
이 질문을 하고, 조언을 구하고, 그들의 지식을 향 [해설] ‘~에서야 …했다’는 의미를 만드는 「It is(was)
상할 귀중한 통찰력을 얻게 해준다는 내용의 은 not until ~ that …」 구문을 사용하여 주어진 의미
글의 흐름과 무관하다. 를 만든다.
[출제의도] 글의 흐름과 무관한 문장을 찾는다. [출제의도] 주어진 보기를 활용하여 문장을 영작한다.

21) 26)
[정답] [정답]
[해설] 데이터가 빠르게 증가함에 따라 의사 결정을 위해 [해설] 동사(requires)의 목적어로 선행사(the time)이
서는 대규모 데이터 저장소에서 가치 있는 지식을 쓰여 ‘성공하는 데 필요한 시간’이라는 의미를 만들
추출할 수 있는 도구가 필요하다는 내용의 글이다. 고 있으므로 주어 자리에 주격 관계대명사 which는
따라서 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은 ‘대규모 올 수 없다. 진주어(to be successful)가 쓰였으므
데이터 이용하기: 데이터와 의사결정의 간극 메우기’ 로 가주어 it으로 바꿔 써야 한다. 선행사와 가주어
이다. it 사이에 목적격 관계대명사가 생략되었음에 유의한
[출제의도] 글의 제목을 추론한다. 다.
[출제의도] 어법에 맞는 표현을 찾는다.
22)
[정답] 27)
[해설] 십대들이 동시에 두 가지 일에 집중할 수 잇다는 [정답] (A) it (B) that (C) where (D) which
것은 사실이 아니며, 디지털 시대에 십대의 뇌는 매 [해설] (A) 앞에 나온 명사(the vehicle)을 대신할 수 있
우 빠르게 작업을 전환하도록 발달하지만, 한 번에 는 대명사 it이 적절하다. (B) 동사(means)의 목적
한 가지씩 순차적으로 주의를 기울인다는 주어진 글 어 자리에서 완전한 절과 함께 쓰였으므로 명사절
다음에는 앞에서 언급한 ‘두 가지 일에 동시에 집중 접속사 that이 적절하다. (C) 뒤에 완전한 절이 왔
하는 것’을 ‘멀티태스킹’으로 언급하며, 상식적으로 고, 장소를 나타내는 선행사(the point)를 수식하고
멀티태스킹이 뇌 활동을 증가시킬 것이라 예상하지 있으므로 관계부사 where이 적절하다. (D) 주어 자
만 그렇지 않다는 내용의 (A)가 와야 한다. 그 다음 리에서 콤마(,) 앞의 내용을 받아 서술하고 있으므로
에는, (A)에서 언급한 대학 과학자들의 실험에서 멀 계속적 용법에 쓸 수 있는 관계대명사 which가 적
티태스킹 시, 어느 작업도 각각 수행될 때만큼 잘되 절하다.
지 못했다는 실험 결과에 이어 시간이 낭비되고, 더 [출제의도] 어법에 맞는 표현을 찾는다.
많은 오류가 발생할 수 있다는 결과를 추가로 언급
28)
한 (C)가 와야 한다. (C) 뒷 부분에서 두 가지 작업
[정답]
이 동시에 수행된다면, 그 중 하나는 익숙한 작업이
[해설] 젖병은 일상 생활의 시간 관리에 큰 영향을 미치
어야 한다고 언급한 내용에 이어 우리 뇌는 더 익숙
지만, 빠른 속도의 사회적 논의에서는 완전히 간과
한 작업을 ‘자동 조종’ 상태에서 수행한다는 내용의
되고 있다는 예시를 통해 우리가 새로운 기술의 영
(B)로 이어지는 것이 글의 순서로 가장 적절하다.
향을 과대평가하는 경향이 있음을 설명하는 내용의
[출제의도] 글의 순서를 파악한다.
글이다. 새로운 기술을 과대평가하는 부분적인 이유
23) 로 기존 기술이 눈에 보이지 않을 만큼 ‘우리 삶의
[정답] 일부로 흡수되었다’는 의미가 되어야 하므로 빈칸에
[해설] 고양이 Leo의 몸 상태가 좋지 않다는 것을 아게 가장 적절한 것은 이다.
되어 걱정을 했는데, 검사 결과 경미한 감염이며, [출제의도] 빈칸에 적절한 표현을 추론한다.
곧 장난기 넘치는 모습으로 돌아올 것이라는 수의사
29)
의 말에 안도했으므로 Christine의 심경 변화로 가
[정답]
장 적절한 것은 ‘걱정하는 → 안도한’이다.
[해설] 공감은 고용주나 직원에게 가장 바라는 기술 중
[출제의도] 등장인물의 심경을 추론한다.
하나인데, 일부 기업은 직원과 고객의 관점을 이해
24) 할 필요성에 중점을 두고, 다른 기업은 직원과 고객
[정답] 에 대한 관심과 동정심을 중점에 두며, 기업이 공감
[해설] 주어(the money)가 셀 수 없는 명사이므로 goes 능력을 길러야 한다는 것은 시장 조사를 잘 수행해
로 바꿔 써야 한다. 주어와 동사 사이 we ~fees는 야 한다는 의미이며, 공감을 담은 디자인은 다양한
주어를 수식하는 관계대명사절로, 목적격 관계대명 사람들의 구체적 필요 사항을 고려해야 한다는 내용
사가 생략되었음에 유의한다. 을 통해, 기업에 따라 공감의 다른 측면에 중점을

◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법 시행령」제33조에 의한 표시 ◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」외에도「저작권법」에 의하여 보호되는 콘텐츠의 경우, 그 콘텐츠의 전부
1) 제작연월일 : 2024-04-03 2) 제작자 : 교육지대㈜
또는 일부를 무단으로 복제하거나 전송하는 것은 콘텐츠산업 진흥법 외에도 저작권법에 의한
3) 이 콘텐츠는 「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」에 따라 최초 제작
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 고2 25
두고, 다르게 해석되어질 수 있다는 내용임을 알 수 [해설] 두 명의 무용수 예시를 통해 제약을 이해하고 그
있다. 따라서 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것은 ‘공감이 안에서 움직이는 것의 중요성에 대한 내용의 글이
무엇을 의미하는지 정확히 밝히지는 않는다’이다. 다. 수직 점프를 하려는 키가 크고 발이 긴 무용수
[출제의도] 빈칸에 적절한 표현을 추론한다. 와 (1) 공중에서 반 회전을 하려는 무용수를 언급하
고 있는데, 첫 번째 예시의 경우 (2) 선천적으로 주
30) 어진 제약, 즉 타고난 신체 조건에 따른 제약이며,
[정답] respond instantly 이 경우 (3) 아무리 힘이 좋아도 불가능 할 수 있다
[해설] 아이들이 이야기하는 가장 일반적인 문제는 그들 는 것을 이해해야 한다는 내용의 글임을 알 수 있
이 항상 연락될 수 있어야 한다고 느낀다는 것으로, 다.
문자 메시지를 보냈을 때 즉시 답장을 보내지 않는 [출제의도] 글의 세부내용을 파악한다.
것이 스트레스를 유발한다는 내용을 통해 아이들이
느끼는 의무감은 항상 즉각적으로 응답해야 한다는 36)
것임을 추론할 수 있다. [정답]
[출제의도] 빈칸에 적절한 표현을 추론한다. [해설] 2007년 11개의 덴마크의 어린이 및 청소년 영화
가 극장에 입장한 어린이 및 청소년이 아닌 전체 극
31) 장 입장객의 59퍼센트를 끌어모았다고 했으므로
[정답] 는 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는다.
[해설] 브라질에서 두 번째로 많이 소비한 것은 계란과 [출제의도] 글의 세부내용을 파악한다.
유제품이므로 가금류를 두 번째로 많이 소비했다고
언급한 은 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는다. 37)
[출제의도] 글의 세부내용을 파악한다. [정답]
[해설] 문장에 동사(revealed)가 있으므로 수동태 동사
32) (was focused)는 올 수 없다. 명사(computer
[정답] He was a engineer, lecturer, consultant, modeling)를 수식하며, 수식 받는 명사는 초점이
and director. 맞춰진 대상이므로 수동의 의미를 갖는 과거분사
[해설] Theodore von Kármán의 직업으로 공학자, 강 focused로 바꿔 써야 한다.
연자, 자문 위원, 소장을 언급하고 있다. [출제의도] 어법에 맞는 표현을 찾는다.
[출제의도] 글의 세부내용을 파악한다.
38)
33) [정답] (a) important, meaningful (b) measurable,
[정답] quantifiable
[해설] 앞 문장에서 흡연, 음주와 같은 섭취 습관은 [해설] 동사 count는 ‘중요하다’, ‘수를 세다’라는 의미
행동 변화의 대상이 되는 가장 일반적인 건강 문제 로, (가)는 ‘중요한’ 모든 것들이 ‘셀’ 수 있는 것은
라고 했고, 주어진 문장에서는 과정 중독 또한 이 아니라는 의미이다. 따라서 (a)에는 본문에 쓰인 ‘중
범주에 속한다고 했으므로 주어진 문장의 this 요한’이라는 의미의 단어 important, meaningful
category는 앞 문장의 the most ~ behavioral 이, (b)에는 본문에 쓰인 ‘측정할 수 있는’ 또는 ‘정
changes를 가리키고 있음을 알 수 있다. 따라서 주 량화할 수 있는’이라는 의미의 단어 measurable,
어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은 이다. quantifiable이 적절하다.
[출제의도] 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치를 파악한다. [출제의도] 단어의 함축 의미를 파악한다.

34) 39)
[정답] [정답]
[해설] (A) 부모가 여전히 ‘주된’ 사회화 주체라는 의미 [해설] 향신료에 대한 미각은 진화적 뿌리를 가지고 있는
가 되어야 하므로 primary가 적절하다. (B) ‘비슷 데, 향신료는 항균성을 가지고 있어 박테리아의 성
한’ 상황에서 유사한 반응을 보인다는 의미가 되어 장을 ‘억제한다’는 의미가 되어야 하므로 의
야 하므로 comparable이 적절하다. (C) 청소년의 promote를 inhibit과 같은 낱말로 바꾸어야 한다.
정서적 경험에 대한 인식과 무비판적 수용, 관심, [출제의도] 문맥상 적절한 어휘를 찾는다.
대화하고 싶을 때 곁에 있어 주는 것과 같은 ‘간접
적인’ 지원이라는 의미가 되어야 하므로 indirect가 40)
적절하다. [정답]
[출제의도] 문맥상 적절한 어휘를 찾는다. [해설] 인간의 신체 발달의 모든 단계는 세포 수준에서는
무작위 활동을 보이며, 선택의 과정을 통해 새로운
35) 세포들을 만들어 내는데, 이로 인해 인간의 신체 발
[정답] (1) 공중에서 반 회전을 하려는 무용수 (2) 선천적 달은 전체 구조가 비슷하더라도 세포와 분자 수준에
으로 주어진 제약 (3) 아무리 힘이 좋아도 불가능할 서는 개인마다 큰 변이성이 있다는 내용의 글이다.
수 있다. 따라서 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은 ‘인간의

◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법 시행령」제33조에 의한 표시 ◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」외에도「저작권법」에 의하여 보호되는 콘텐츠의 경우, 그 콘텐츠의 전부
1) 제작연월일 : 2024-04-03 2) 제작자 : 교육지대㈜
또는 일부를 무단으로 복제하거나 전송하는 것은 콘텐츠산업 진흥법 외에도 저작권법에 의한
3) 이 콘텐츠는 「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」에 따라 최초 제작
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26 고2

신체 발달에서 구조적 다양성에 기여하는 요인들’이 글의 내용과 일치한다. Christine은 항상 Leo를

다. 똑같은 병원에 데려갔으며, 수의사가 Leo에 대해 잘
[출제의도] 글의 주제를 추론한다. 알고 있을 것이라 확신했다고 했으므로 글의 내용과
일치하지 않는다. 대기실은 다른 반려동물의 주
41) 인들로 꽉 차 있었다고 했으므로 글의 내용과 일치
[정답] 하지 않는다. 그날 늦게 수의사가 전화를 걸어
[해설] 뒤에 주어(they), 동사(may have 결과를 알려주었다고 했으므로 글의 내용과 일치하
developed), 목적어(a relationship)가 있는 완전한 지 않는다. 며칠이 지나자 Leo는 체력과 활기를
절이 왔으므로 관계대명사 whom은 올 수 없다. 선 되찾았다고 했으므로 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는다.
행사(a client)와 목적어(relationship)가 전치사 [출제의도] 글의 세부내용을 파악한다.
with으로 연결되어 ‘고객과의 관계’라는 의미가 되
어야 하므로 을 with whom으로 바꿔 써야 한다.
[출제의도] 어법에 맞는 표현을 찾는다.

42)
[정답]
[해설] 무리에서 떨어져 헤매는 새들은 일반적으로 죽을
운명이지만, 드물게는 새로운 번식지, 새로운 이동
경로 및 월동 장소의 확보 등을 통해 생태학적이고
진화적인 관점에서 매우 중요한 역할을 한다는 내용
의 글이다. 따라서 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은
‘무리에서 떨어져 헤매는 것의 생태학, 진화에서
의 중요성’이다.
[출제의도] 글의 주제를 추론한다.

43)
[정답]
[해설] 문장에 동사가 없으므로 acting은 올 수 없다. 주
어(Most of us)에 맞는 동사 act로 바꿔 써야 한다.
앞의 to는 전치사로 쓰였음에 유의한다.
[출제의도] 어법에 맞는 표현을 찾는다.

44)
[정답]
[해설] 문장에 동사(become)이 있으므로 collect는 올
수 없다. 앞에 나온 명사(data)를 수식할 수 있는
분사가 와야하는데, 데이터는 수집된 대상이므로 수
동의 의미를 갖는 과거분사 collected로 바꿔 써야
한다.
[출제의도] 어법에 맞는 표현을 찾는다.

45)
[정답]
[해설] 디지털 시대에 뇌는 빠르게 작업을 전환하도록 발
달하지만, 멀티태스킹은 실제로 두뇌 활동을 감소시
킨다는 내용의 글이다. 아이들은 정보화 시대에 살
고 있지만, ‘우리의 뇌는 아직 (정보화 시대에 맞게)
재설계되지 않았다’는 의미가 되어야 하므로 빈칸에
가장 적절한 것은 이다.
[출제의도] 빈칸에 적절한 표현을 추론한다.

46)
[정답]
[해설] 검사를 위해 Leo가 병원에 머물러야 한다고 했
고, Christine은 그것이 최선임을 받아들이고 집에
돌아가 수의사의 전화를 기다렸다고 했으므로 은

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1) 제작연월일 : 2024-04-03 2) 제작자 : 교육지대㈜
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