Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Bayambang National High School
Bayambang, Pangasinan

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN

IN
ENGLISH 8
Using Appropriate Transitions and Signals in Various
Patterns of Idea Development
(CAUSE AND EFFECT, QUESTION-ANSWER, AND
COMPARISON AND CONTRAST)

Prepared by:
John Lexter G. Gloria
(Teacher Intern)

Prepared for:
Mrs. Graciola T. Roxas
(Cooperating Teacher)

Date Submitted: May 11, 2023

Date of Teaching: May ___, 2023
I. Objectives
At the end of a 60-minute lesson, at least 75% of the students should be
able to accomplish the following with at least 75% of proficiency:
A. define various patterns of idea development (cause and effect, comparison
and contrast, and question-answer); and
B. identify the transition signals used in these various patterns of idea
development.
II. Subject Matter
A. Topic: Using Appropriate Transitions and Signals in Various Patterns
of Idea Development (cause and effect, question-answer, and
comparison and contrast)
B. Reference:
a. E8 – Q4 – M1 – Using Appropriate Transitions and Signals in
Various Patterns of Idea Development

C. Materials:
a. PowerPoint Presentation
b. Laptop
c. Smart TV
d. Chalk
III. Procedure
Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity
A. Presentation of the Lesson
1. Preliminary Activities

“______ would you like to lead our

“Let us bow our heads.”
opening prayer?”
(Student’s prayer)

“Good morning, sir!”

“Good morning class!”
(Students arrange their seats
“Before you take your seats, arrange
properly)
your chairs properly and pick up the
pieces of paper under your chairs.”
2. Checking of Attendance “Sir, everybody is
“Class secretary, who is absent today?” present.”
3. Checking of Assignment
“Did you read the topic I assigned “Yes Sir!”
you to read?”

4. Reviewing of the Past Lesson

“Who can tell something about claim
and counterclaim pattern of idea
development?”

“A pattern of idea
development is claim and
counterclaim when the first
sentence is an assertion and
followed by a sentence or
idea that contradicts the
5. Stating of Objectives
assertion.”
Today we are going to:
a. define cause and effect,
question-answer, and
comparison-contrast patterns
of idea development; and
b. identify the transition signals
used in each pattern of idea
development.
6. Motivation
Activity: Reason and Result
(Students perform the activity)
“The Wawa Bridge”

“The wawa bridge.”

“What can you see in the picture?”
“Sir, the Wawa bridge
 “What happened to the Wawa bridge? collapsed.”
“Sir, because the
“Why did it collapse? vehicles passing by are
heavy.”

“And that may be the reason why the

Wawa bridge collapsed. There is always a
reason why something happened”

“Sir, they are both built

as a bridge, but one bridge
is fine and the other is
broken.”
 “Can you compare the two pictures?
What are their similarities and differences
of the two bridges?

“That’s right, they have similarities

and differences.”

“You should remember your answers

because it has something to do with our A.
lesson for today.” 1. “Yes sir, there is
B. Development of the Lesson a reason and also a
1. Reading of Sentences and result”
Paragraphs 2. “because of this”

A. Heavy rainfall caused flooding

in the city and because of this, the
water damaged property, displaced
residents, and disrupted
transportation services.
B. Apples and oranges are both
fruits, but differ in color, taste, and
nutritional values. Apples are
typically sweeter with more fiber, B.
while oranges are tangier with 1. “Sir, apples and
more vitamin C. oranges are being
C. Why, then, the enduring compared and
popularity of historical fiction? contrasted.”
One reason is that it delivers a 2. “They are both
stereo narrative. fruits.”
2. Discussion
A. “What happened in the 3. They differ in
example? Is there a reason why it color, taste, and
occurred or happened? What are nutritional value.
the transition signals in the
sentence that signal the cause and
the effect?”
“This paragraph is developed in
a cause and effect pattern of idea
development because there is a
reason why something happened
or occurred.” “and, or, but”
“The reason/cause is introduced
by transition signals.
C.
B. 1. “Sir, a question is
1. “What are compared in presented first on
paragraph B?” the third paragraph.
2. “What do they have in
common?” 2. Yes sir, the
following sentences
are answers to the
“When we are highlighting the question that is
similarities of two objects we are presented on the
comparing.” first sentence.”
3. How do they differ?
3. “one reason is”

“And when we are stating the

differences between two things,
we are contrasting.”

“This paragraph is developed in

a comparison and contrast
 pattern.”

“What are the transition signals

used in the given example?

C.
1. “What is presented first
in the third paragraph? Is it (Students read the instruction)
a statement or a question?” (Students performed the activity)

2. Does the question have

an answer?

Expected answers:
1. cause-effect
3. What transition signal is 2. cause-effect
used to present or 3. comparison-contrast
introduce the answer?” 4. question-answer
5. cause-effect
6. cause-effect
7. comparison-contrast
8. question-answer
9. comparison-contrast
“That’s right, since the third 10. cause-effect
paragraph is presented with a
question and followed by an
answer for the question, then, the
pattern of idea development used
is question-answer.”
3. Enrichment Activity
The class will be divided into 5 groups
to perform an activity.
Directions:
Identify whether each example is
developed in a cause-effect, question-
answer, or comparison-contrast pattern of
idea development.
1. Excessive use of technology leads to
inactivity and obesity, causing serious
health risks like heart disease and type 2
diabetes.
2. Air pollution from factories and
vehicles leads to respiratory illnesses like
asthma and lung cancer.
3. Dogs and cats make great pets, but dogs
require more attention and exercise, while
cats are more independent. “Sir, it means that one
4. Why is the sky blue? The Earth's event is the reason another
atmosphere scatters sunlight in every event happens.”
direction and blue light gets scattered
more than other colors. “In this pattern of idea
5. Poor nutrition can cause health development, two subjects
problems such as obesity, diabetes, and are being compared and
heart disease, leading to a lower quality of contrasted.”
life.
6. Global warming causes melting glaciers “Question-answer develops
and rising sea levels, threatening coastal an idea by asking a
populations and ecosystems. question at the beginning of
7. High school and college differ in class the paragraph; then
size, course workload, and level of eventually elaborates the
independence for students. answer throughout the
8. Why do leaves change color? Leaves paragraph.”
change color as chlorophyll breaks down,
revealing other pigments that were present
in the leaves all along.
9. Living in a small town provides a close- (Students read the directions)
 knit community, while living in a big city (Students do their quiz)
offers more diverse opportunities.
10. I overslept so I missed my bus. Answers:
4. Generalization 1. F
Define or tell something about each of 2. F
the following patterns: 3. T
a. cause and effect 4. F
b. comparison and contrast 5. F
c. question-answer

IV. Evaluation
True or False
Directions:
Write T if the statement is true and
write F if the statement is false.
1. Comparison-contrast is a pattern
of idea development that explains
the reasons and results of
something.
2. “If we eat too much food and do
not exercise, we gain weight.”
This is an example of comparison-
contrast pattern of idea
development.
3. Question-answer develops an
 idea by asking a question at the
beginning of the paragraph.
4. It is a cause-effect pattern of
idea development when two
subjects are being compared and
contrasted.
5. “It brings many benefits to your
health.” This is an example of
cause-effect pattern of idea
development.
V. Assignment
Review about using appropriate
transitions and signals in various patterns
of idea development.