Badminton is a competitive court game played by men, women, or mixed pairs, either indoors or

outdoors, in singles or doubles formats.

HISTORY OF BADMINTON

Badminton originated from the ancient pastime of battledore and shuttlecock, which was learned in
India as "poona." In 1870, British arm officer's stations introduced the game to England, where it was
initially known as "the badminton game." In 1878, the oldest badminton club was founded in New York.
In 1934, the International Volleyball Federation was established, and in 1977, the World Volleyball
Federation was founded, sponsoring the first World Championship in Malmo, Sweden. In 1992,
badminton was included in the Olympic Games, and its popularity has grown worldwide, particularly in
Southeast Asia.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT OF BADMINTON

NET -A mesh net divides the badminton court into two sides. The net should be made of dark colored
mosh.

POST - 5 feet and 1 inch in height from the floor.

SHUTTLECOCKS - also referred to as a shuttle or birdie, is made up of a cone shape with a hard cork at its
tip. It can be feathers or synthetic materials.

- It has 16 feathers, and made of geese feathers

RACKET - the most important tools a player has in the game.

44 ft. long by 17 ft. wide for singles game.

The term stroke and shot are sometimes used interchangeably, but authority in the games uses the
word stroke to refer to striking patterns

SHOT - is used to differentiate flight patterns according to trajectory or elevation and depth.

STROKE - A movement of the player’s racket with an intention to hit the shuttle
FOREHAND STROKE - refers to any shot struck on the racket side of the body.

BACKHAND STROKE – these are hosts struck on the side away from the racket/left side of right-handed,
right side for left handed

CLEAR – also called lob. The shuttle soars in the high arc and falls into the court behind the opponent.

DROP – the shuttle falls gently and just clears the net.
DRIVE – it is a hard stroke that hit on a straight line.

SMASH – it is a hard stroke that hit sharply downward.

TYPES OF SERVICE

LOW SERVE is played gently over the net to land at the front of your opponent’s service court, near the
short service line. It’s important that this serve passes low over the net.

HIGH SERVE is played powerfully upwards, so that the shuttlecock travels very high and falls almost
vertically downwards at the back of the receiver’s service court. High serves are used frequently in
singles, but never in doubles.
FLICK SERVE is also played upwards, but much more shallowly than the high serve. The idea is to deprive
the opponent of time, forcing him to hit the shuttlecock when it’s behind his body.

DRIVE SERVE is played flat and fast towards the back of the receiver’s service court, passing low over the
net. The idea is to provoke an immediate reaction, hoping that the receiver will mishit the shuttlecock.
Badminton officials, including referees, umpires, service judges, and line judges, are crucial in ensuring a
smooth and fair match in badminton matches.

The referee is the most crucial official in a tournament, responsible for ensuring the competition follows
game rules, maintaining high-quality facilities, and approving match schedules.

The umpire holds the maximum authority in a match, ensuring it follows game rules and regulations.

They judge service faults and player faults, keeping records of incidents and reporting them to the
referee. The match score is announced after each point, and the referee controls the match.

The service judge makes 'service fault' calls and provides shuttles to players.

The line judge determines if a shuttlecock lands "in" or "out" near their assigned lines.
Scoring System.

• A match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points.

• When the server wins the game, a point is scored and serve is retained

• The side winning a rally adds a point to its score.

• At 20 all, the side which gains a 2-point lead first, wins that game.

• At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point, wins that game.

• The side winning a game serves first in the next game

• A two-minute break is allowed between each game.

• A 60-second break can be taken when the leading score reaches 11 points.

• In official BWF (Badminton World Federation) play, the receiver scores points.

Interval and Change of Ends

• When the leading score reaches 11 points, players have a 60 second interval.

• A 2-minute interval between each game is allowed.

• In the third game, players change ends when the leading score reaches 11 points.

Badminton Rules For Singles

• In a single rally, there will be two players, playing with each other on opposite sides of the court.
• The serve in badminton is crucial, requiring it to be executed underarm and below the server's
waist, as an overarm serve is considered a fault.
• The game starts with a 0-0 score, and players cannot randomly choose their side. Servers serve
from the right service court if their score is even, and from the left service court if it's odd. If the
server wins, they serve again from the alternate side. If the receiver wins, they score a point and
become the new server. The tournament follows a "play-by-play" format, with players paired
with opponents for first-round matches. Players have one week to play before advancing to the
next round.
• In BWF official games, faults and errors result in a point for the opponent and require
surrendering the serve.
Major faults include missing the shuttle while swinging on the serve, hitting the shuttle under
the net, hitting the shuttle out of bounds, and touching the shuttle with body or clothing. These
violations are strictly prohibited in badminton rules.
 Badminton Rules for Doubles

In a double rally, there will be 4 players, playing with each other on opposite sides of the court. (2 for the

playing team and 2 for the opponent’s team)

• The basic rules of badminton rally begin with a coin toss, and the next first serve depends on
who wins the rally. If the first rally is won, the next game begins with the serve.
• A team of 2 players must serve inside the diagonally opposite side's white lines to allow the
shuttlecock to fall inside, then hit it anywhere within the court area.
• Doubles badminton has a confusing scoring system due to the two players in a team. The game
starts from the right-hand side and the order of server depends on the score. The same rules
and regulations apply for doubles and singles. If both pairs decide to start with the first serve,
the server serves from the right side of the court. If players continue in their previous court,
alternate servers are guaranteed.
• Badminton rules for doubles require players or teams to switch sides at the end of the first
game, the end of the second game, and if a third game is scheduled, and if the first player/team
scores 11 points in the third game.
• In badminton, shuttlecocks must land inside the service court, with any flies away from the white
boundaries not counted. Each side has one attempt to retrieve the shuttle, and even accidental
touches are considered a fault. The receiver can only return the serve directed at them.
o Example: In a doubles match between A & B against C & D. A & B won the toss and
decided to serve. A to serve to C. A to serve to C. A shall be the initial server while C shall
be the initial receiver.