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Kirchhoff's Current Law Circuit Example

1) The document describes using Kirchhoff's current law to solve for the currents in a circuit with three nodes (B, C, D) and two loops. 2) It sets up two equations relating the branch currents I1, I2, and I3 based on the voltage drops around the two loops. 3) It manipulates the equations by multiplying and subtracting them to solve for the values of I2 and I3, finding I2 = 1.0 Amps and I3 = 0.5 Amps.

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539 views2 pages

Kirchhoff's Current Law Circuit Example

1) The document describes using Kirchhoff's current law to solve for the currents in a circuit with three nodes (B, C, D) and two loops. 2) It sets up two equations relating the branch currents I1, I2, and I3 based on the voltage drops around the two loops. 3) It manipulates the equations by multiplying and subtracting them to solve for the values of I2 and I3, finding I2 = 1.0 Amps and I3 = 0.5 Amps.

Uploaded by

hsejmal12345
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Kirchhoff’s Current Law Example

Find the currents flowing around the following circuit using Kirchhoff’s Current Law only.

IT is the total current flowing around the circuit driven by the 12V supply voltage. At point
A, I1 is equal to IT, thus there will be an I1*R voltage drop across resistor R1.
The circuit has 2 branches, 3 nodes (B, C and D) and 2 independent loops, thus the I*R voltage
drops around the two loops will be:
 Loop ABC ⇒ 12 = 4I1 + 6I2
 Loop ABD ⇒ 12 = 4I1 + 12I3
Since Kirchhoff’s current law states that at node B, I1 = I2 + I3, we can therefore substitute
current I1 for (I2 + I3) in both of the following loop equations and then simplify.

Kirchhoff’s Loop Equations

We now have two simultaneous equations that relate to the currents flowing around the circuit.
Eq. No 1 : 12 = 10I2 + 4I3
Eq. No 2 : 12 = 4I2 + 16I3
By multiplying the first equation (Loop ABC) by 4 and subtracting Loop ABD from Loop ABC,
we can be reduced both equations to give us the values of I2 and I3
Eq. No 1 : 12 = 10I2 + 4I3 ( x4 ) ⇒ 48 = 40I2 + 16I3
Eq. No 2 : 12 = 4I2 + 16I3 ( x1 ) ⇒ 12 = 4I2 + 16I3
Eq. No 1 – Eq. No 2 ⇒ 36 = 36I2 + 0
Substitution of I2 in terms of I3 gives us the value of I2 as 1.0 Amps
Now we can do the same procedure to find the value of I3 by multiplying the first equation
(Loop ABC) by 4 and the second equation (Loop ABD) by 10. Again by subtracting Loop ABC
from Loop ABD, we can be reduced both equations to give us the values of I2 and I3
Eq. No 1 : 12 = 10I2 + 4I3 ( x4 ) ⇒ 48 = 40I2 + 16I3
Eq. No 2 : 12 = 4I2 + 16I3 ( x10 ) ⇒ 120 = 40I2 + 160I3
Eq. No 2 – Eq. No 1 ⇒ 72 = 0 + 144I3
Thus substitution of I3 in terms of I2 gives us the value of I3 as 0.5 Amps
As Kirchhoff’s junction rule states that : I1 = I2 + I3
The supply current flowing through resistor R1 is given as : 1.0 + 0.5 = 1.5 Amps
Thus I1 = IT = 1.5 Amps, I2 = 1.0 Amps and I3 = 0.5 Amps and from that information we
could calculate the I*R voltage drops across the devices and at the various points (nodes) around
the circuit.

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