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PST 02 Political and Constitutional Phases 1958-1971

The document summarizes the political and constitutional phases in Pakistan between 1958 and 1971. It describes the period as one of significant upheaval, including a military coup in 1958, the establishment of a presidential system under Ayub Khan, growing discontent in the 1960s, political agitation and elections in 1969-1970, and ultimately the 1971 war and creation of Bangladesh due to refusal to accept election results. The instability led to lasting impacts on Pakistan's political landscape.

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4K views2 pages

PST 02 Political and Constitutional Phases 1958-1971

The document summarizes the political and constitutional phases in Pakistan between 1958 and 1971. It describes the period as one of significant upheaval, including a military coup in 1958, the establishment of a presidential system under Ayub Khan, growing discontent in the 1960s, political agitation and elections in 1969-1970, and ultimately the 1971 war and creation of Bangladesh due to refusal to accept election results. The instability led to lasting impacts on Pakistan's political landscape.

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khanxoxo115
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SZABLC Memon Goth, Malir, Karachi

LLB Batch 06 (2024-2028) Semester –I


Subject Pakistan Studies

Lecture: Focus on following Topics:

1. Political and Constitutional Phases 1958-1971

Notes with Expiation

Political and Constitutional Phases 1958-1971

The period between 1958 and 1971 in Pakistan was marked by significant political and
constitutional upheaval. Here's a breakdown of the key phases:

1. Pre-Coup Instability (1958):


1. Pakistan's first democratic decade (1947-1958) was characterized by
political instability.
2. Frequent changes in government and weak leadership led to a sense of
crisis.
3. The 1956 constitution, while a landmark achievement, failed to address
the underlying issues.

2. Military Coup and Ayub Khan Era (1958-1969):


1. In October 1958, General Ayub Khan staged a bloodless military coup,
citing the need for stability and progress.
2. He abrogated the 1956 constitution and imposed martial law.
3. A new constitution, promulgated in 1962, established a presidential
system with Ayub Khan as president.
4. This period saw economic growth and modernization efforts, but also
suppression of dissent and restrictions on political activity.

A Project of Study Aid Project of NIDA LAW FIRM: We will be happier to assist you. For any kind of
query Don’t hesitate to contact. Faisal 0300-9290789
Page 1 of 2
3. Growing Discontent and Rise of Regional Nationalism (1960s):
1. Despite economic progress, Ayub Khan's regime faced growing discontent
from various segments of society.
2. Authoritarian rule and a widening gap between the rich and poor fueled
resentment.
3. East Pakistan (present-day Bangladesh) felt politically and economically
marginalized compared to West Pakistan.

4. Political Agitation and the 1970 Elections (1969-1971):


1. In 1969, mass protests and political pressure forced Ayub Khan to resign.
2. General Yahya Khan took over as president and promised to hold fair
elections in 1970.
3. The elections resulted in a landslide victory for Awami League, led by
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, in East Pakistan.

5. Crisis and the 1971 War (1971):


1. The Pakistan government, dominated by West Pakistanis, refused to
transfer power to the Awami League, despite their electoral win.
2. This triggered widespread civil unrest and violence in East Pakistan.
3. In March 1971, the Pakistan army launched a military crackdown in East
Pakistan, leading to a full-scale war of independence.
4. India intervened militarily in support of East Pakistan, leading to the
defeat of Pakistan and the creation of Bangladesh in December 1971.

This period marked a complex and tragic chapter in Pakistan's history. The political and
constitutional instability ultimately led to the secession of Bangladesh and continues to have
a lasting impact on the nation's political landscape.

A Project of Study Aid Project of NIDA LAW FIRM: We will be happier to assist you. For any kind of
query Don’t hesitate to contact. Faisal 0300-9290789
Page 2 of 2

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