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Georges Mounin’s mot-a-mot Theory Examined linguistic issues of translation All arguments against
translation are simplified in just one: it is not the original Mounin gives us a few insights into how he
considers a text should be translated; one of these ideas is mot a mot (word-for-word), inherited
from 46 B.C. This metaphrase is the most faithful translation to the original, it respects the text and it
consists in translating words one by one 40. Download Free PDF View PDF See Full PDF
Download PDF Loading Preview Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. An offer presents a short
but explicit argument or declare that a specific subject of inquiry has merit. Some Major Dates and
Events in the History of Translation. It attacked the unclear categories that used to judge translations
for a long time. 44. 45. Pure translation studies Descriptive Translation Studies Theoretical
Translation Studies 46. During communication, speakers or writers encode what they want to say
and the listeners or readers, who share the same code, would decode it. Equivalence has to go
beyond the text and should include the word cultural as in cultural equivalence” 131. Historically,
this was a major step forward, none the least because it involved a frontal attack on the hazy but
self-assured categories that had long been used to judge translations. The Approbation Maxim The
approbation maxim requires to minimizing dispraise of other and maximizing praise of other. The
North-American Translation Workshop was a common practice in the universities of the United
States during the 1960s. Discusses translation problems and gives techniques for dealing with them
No comments about the text or the genre. In LITERARY ANALYSIS not only does the textual
production matter, but also its acceptance in a historical context and its relationship with other
literatures. The relationship of translation studies to other disciplines is not fixed: there are changes
from a strong link to contrastive linguistics in the 1960s to the present focus on more cultural studies
perspectives and even the recent shift towards areas such as computing and media. The sample of the
modesty maxim is below. “Please accept this small gift as prize of your achievement.” In this case,
the utterance above is categorized as the modesty maxim because the speaker maximizes dispraise of
himself. A flood of academic publishing: training manuals, encyclopedias, journals, conference
proceedings, collections of research articles, monographs, primers of theory, and readers. The other
aim was to understand whether their needs and wants correspond to either of the old and the
recently revised curriculum in 2018. They understand that I will gratify this substantive and original
assistance and I will be surely interested with consequents. Luther’s famous quote extols the
language of the people: “You must ask the mother at home, the children in the street, the ordinary
man in the market and look at their mouths, how they speak, and translate that way; then they’ll
understand and see that you’re speaking to them in German.”. He describes translation as a process
of receding which “involves two equivalent messages in two different codes.” The Canadian linguists
Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet (1958) provide a theoretical basis for a variety of translation
methods currently in use. Seminar “Translation and Norms” Aston University, February 1998 81. The
example is as follows. “I’m terribly sorry to hear about your father.” It is a condolence expression
which is expressed the sympathy for misfortune. Koen Kerremans Centrum voor Vaktaal en
Communicatie Erasmushogeschool Brussel Part 1: “Terminography for translators: methodology”.
Purpose. To show some steps terminographers go through in order to develop specialised
dictionaries. PP is Minimizing (other things being equal) the expression of impolite beliefs, and there
is a corresponding positive version (maximizing (other things being equal) the expression of polite
beliefs) which is somewhat less important. University entrance requirements and other Graduate
School regulations can be found online in the Graduate School Bulletin at. T until mid-20th century
3. 1960s: some focus on the receiver: Nida, Newmark, Koller 4. Louis Region The Opportunity Trust
Unleashing the Power of AI Tools for Enhancing Research, International FDP on. Every text is
regarded and accepted as a translation by a given community (Toury, 1980) 98.
INTERDISCIPLINARITY OF TRANSLATION STUDIES A notable characteristic has been the
interdisciplinarity of recent research. Last but not least, I wish to give a heartfelt thanks to my family
for their unconditional love and endless supports throughout my study, without their kind
encouragements, patience and enthusiasm this study would have no chance for successful
development. These included Nebuchadnezzar and Hammurabi. 5. The Babylon In the Hammurabi’s
days (2100 B.C. ) was a polyglot city, and much of the official business of the empire was made
possible by corps of scribes who translated edicts into various languages 6.
TRANSLATION as an academic subject is only about 50 years old. Accordingly, the students were
first homogenized based on their general English Proficiency and then took a translation ability test
consisting of four different texts. Why wouldn’t knowledge about translation have developed at a
rate comparable to those other sciences. This expression is a congratulation utterance that maximizes
praise of other. Students in the program will acquire expertise in practical techniques and strategies of
translation as well as a rigorous understanding of the theoretical and cultural stakes of the field. The
author’s aim would be to persuade this audience the project can make an authentic and valuable
contribution with a already on-going discussion or condition in a number of fields, or that it’ll break
entirely new ground as well as revise the present structure of disciplinary fields. A Study Of
Translation Of Chinese Four-Character Idioms In Selected Modern Ch. Translation is considered as a
communicative process in which purpose has been given the major emphasis 119. The communicative
and socio-cultural approach belongs to the descriptive studies whose main representatives are Mary
Snell-Horby, Theo Hermans, Itamar Even-Zohar, Gideon Toury, James Holmes, Jose Lambert, Andre
Lefevere, and Susan Bassnett. 120. This approach is divided into four subcategories or aspects those
focusing on the sociocultural aspects; those which focus on the communicative aspects; postcolonial
and translation studies, and gender and translation studies 121. To serve this purpose, the classrooms
of ten English translation instructors were observed in an Iranian academic context using an
observatio. Barsch (1987) Applied the corms concept to linguistics Differentiates between
PRODUCT NORMS and PRODUCTION NORMS 84. Translation theories based on Source-
oriented approach (From 2nd century till last century) were concerned with what translator must or
must not do Principle focus: closeness to the source text as regards to both meaning and form (the
translator needed to reproduce the text in all aspects as a target text) 10. The history of translation
falls into this category. Linguistic models: Catford 5. 1970s-1980s: Text-type models and
skopostheorie (Reiss, Vermeer); text-linguistic approach (Nord) 6. 1990s: discourse-oriented
approaches (House, Baker, Hatim, Mason) Elena Zagar Galvao - ITS 07 - FLUP 7. Translation Some
antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria. Function-oriented studies Include research which
describe the function or impact that a translation or a collection of translations has had in the socio-
cultural situation of the target language The focus of this subcategory is on the sociocultural
situation of translation 52. Translatability: different in phonetics, lexicology, grammar, syntactic
structures; similar in living patterns. The problems of translation and translatability were known and
described thousands of years ago: 1. Acceptance Letters We review applications from mid-January
through the beginning of April. Scholars within the arts and humanities typically write short
proposals to participate conference panels and also to place essays in journals and collections. Within
translation studies, Skopostheorie most resembles the target orientation associated with polysystem
theory. Since the study aims at students' perception, the survey was conducted on students of
Translation Studies program, which was based on the interviews with instructors, graduates of the
program and the professionals working in the market. In so doing, 87 students studying in the first
and third semesters from Islamic Azad University at Central Tehran, South Tehran, and Science and
Research Center were selected and they participated in the study. Issues of free and literal translation
in the history of translation studies. 3. Translation studies in the second half of 20th century. 4.
Holmes’ framework of translation studies. 5. New tendencies and trends. Rather it’s to exhibit the
way the current project fits within or contests a previously on-going discourse and just how it’ll lead
to, amend, or displace that discourse. Louis Region The Opportunity Trust Unleashing the Power of
AI Tools for Enhancing Research, International FDP on. The theoretical, descriptive and applied
areas do influence one another. Descriptive translation studies (DTS) has three possible foci:
examination of (A) the product, (B) the process and (C) the function: (A) Product-oriented DTS
examines existing translations. Holmes draws attention to the limitations imposed at the time by the
fact that translation research was dispersed across older disciplines. Meanwhile, the utterance implies
that benefit is for the hearer 113.
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Georges Mounin’s mot-a-mot Theory Examined linguistic issues of translation All arguments against
translation are simplified in just one: it is not the original Mounin gives us a few insights into how he
considers a text should be translated; one of these ideas is mot a mot (word-for-word), inherited
from 46 B.C. This metaphrase is the most faithful translation to the original, it respects the text and it
consists in translating words one by one 40. Translation is a special case of communication because
sender and receiver do not share the same code; the translator recodes the message from the sender
into the receiver code. 18. The main issue of translation is to sustain the original message despite that
there is generally no one-to-one correspondence between the signs of the two different code systems.
19. These theories were basically source-oriented, normative, synchronic and focused on process as in
the previous period 20. Introduction. Objectives of GTM. To be able to read literature written in the
target language To be able to translate from one language to another To develop reading and writing
skill. However, the program failed to keep up with the dynamics of the market demands, findings of
Translation Studies research, and varied competences of students in the past two decades.
ADVANCES MADE IN SOME RECOGNIZED SCIENCES SINCE ANCIENT TIMES (Alex
Gross. Download Free PDF View PDF The Impact of the MA Translation Studies Program on the
Students’ Translation Ability Hamid Marashi, Elmira Mohammadi This study sought to evaluate the
graduate program of Translation Studies in terms of training expert translators in the field of
humanities and social sciences. North-American Workshop Mot-a-mot (word-for-word) theory by
G.Mounin The Concept of Equivalence J.Holmes’s Theory of Translation The Polysystem Theory
The Concept of Norm by G. The Approbation Maxim The approbation maxim requires to minimizing
dispraise of other and maximizing praise of other. Translation studies emerged with James Holmes
and Andre Lefevere James Holmes coined the term Translation studies for this scientific approach.
Issues that may be researched include which books were translated when and where, and what
influences they exerted. George Chapman (1598) Avoid word-for word translation Attempt to reach
the “spirit” of the original Avoid over loose translations, by basing the translation on a sound
scholarly investigation of other versions and glosses 13. The findings revealed that the courses
related to translation practice were ranked as the most important component of the curriculum by the
tra. In this case, the achievement being reached by other must be congratulated. The translator should
avoid word-for-word rendering. Louis Region Unleashing the Power of AI Tools for Enhancing
Research, International FDP on. I am also grateful for the invaluable insights and recommendations
put forth by my proof reader, Ramin Rezaei, who spends his valuable time and encouraged me in
this study. Later, the grammar-translation method lost its popularity 29. INTERDISCIPLINARITY
OF TRANSLATION STUDIES A notable characteristic has been the interdisciplinarity of recent
research. This concept, encouraged mainly in Iowa and Princeton, was based on the ideas of
I.A.Richards, whose approach, reading workshops and practical criticism, began in the 1920s Did not
have much interest to the general public and 38. The first decade of the new millennium: special
interest devoted to translation, globalization and resistance (Cronin 2003, Baker 2006), the sociology
and historiography of translation (e.g. Inghilleri 2005a, Wolf and Fukari 2007) and the interest in
new technologies that have given rise to audiovisual translation, localization and corpus-based
translation studies. The hierarchy Is the means by which the translations were chosen, and the way
they functioned within the literary system. A dissertation supports its claim that they can originality
by positioning its argument both within and against prior scholarship and practices. This dynamic
method of evolution is essential to the polysystem, demonstrating that the relations between
innovatory and conservative systems are in a steady status of instability and competition. All of them
favoured a closer linguistic approac 32. Theoretical Translation Studies Use empirical findings
produced by Descriptive translation studies. The most famous examples of the tragic deaths of
translators who were executed for “translation errors”: the English theologian-translator William
Tyndale and the French humanist Etienne Dolet, both burnt at the stake. DEFINITIONS:
TRANSLATION STUDIES Wikipedia: translation studies is an interdiscipline containing elements
of social science and the humanities, dealing with the systematic study of the theory, the description
and the application of translation. Genzler Attributes the connection between the TS discipline and
the polysystem theory to a connection “between what was being suggested in the Netherlands and
what was being postulated in Israel”. 66. Israel scholars Embodied notions on translation
equivalence and literary function into a large structure. Descriptive translation studies (DTS) has
three possible foci: examination of (A) the product, (B) the process and (C) the function: (A)
Product-oriented DTS examines existing translations.
This study investigated the Iranian English translator trainees’ perspectives on the former curriculum
that was used for over twenty years. It has no influence over the central system and even becomes a
conservative element, maintaining conventional forms and conforming to the literary norms of the
target system. The speaker uses indirect utterance to be more polite and minimizing cost to the hearer.
Issues of free and literal translation in the history of translation studies. 3. Translation studies in the
second half of 20th century. 4. Holmes’ framework of translation studies. 5. New tendencies and
trends. This framework has subsequently been presented by the leading Israeli translation scholar
Gideon Toury in the following way. Georges Mounin’s mot-a-mot Theory Examined linguistic issues
of translation All arguments against translation are simplified in just one: it is not the original Mounin
gives us a few insights into how he considers a text should be translated; one of these ideas is mot a
mot (word-for-word), inherited from 46 B.C. This metaphrase is the most faithful translation to the
original, it respects the text and it consists in translating words one by one 40. The approbation
maxim is exampled by courtesy of congratulation. Language and language usage can be judged as
correct from a phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic point of view.
Introduction of the course: Purpose( ???? ). The findings revealed that the courses related to
translation practice were ranked as the most important component of the curriculum by the tra. The
skopos is the goal of any translation, which must not coincide necessarily with the aim of the text.
INTERDISCIPLINARITY OF TRANSLATION STUDIES A notable characteristic has been the
interdisciplinarity of recent research. The TL text was required to be identical to the SL text in
content, style and effect and to respect the rules and norms of the TL 88. Gideon Toury first
introduced the concept of norm at the end of the 1970s with the intention of establishing a list of
rules he named norms. Toury takes this theory as a basis for translation, and proposes an analysis in
which translation is understood as the product of a cultural transference 100. A theoretical
description of the translation phenomenon is the task of the theory of translation.”. This method
focused on the natural ability of students to learn a new language and attempted to represent the
daily routine in classrooms focusing on spoken language instead of using sentences that were out of
context 30. His infusion of the Bible with the language of ordinary people and his consideration of
translation in terms focusing on the TL and the TT reader were crucial. Content Evolution of
translation studies until the present day Methods and theories in the field of translation. Luther’s
famous quote extols the language of the people: “You must ask the mother at home, the children in
the street, the ordinary man in the market and look at their mouths, how they speak, and translate
that way; then they’ll understand and see that you’re speaking to them in German.”. Free: this
process consists in paraphrasing the original with longer sentences which is also called intralingual
translation. Upload Read for free FAQ and support Language (EN) Sign in Skip carousel Carousel
Previous Carousel Next What is Scribd. He or she must valorize the foreign and transfer that into the
TL. In 1963 Georges Mounin argues that equivalence is based on “universals” of language and
culture. However, the program failed to keep up with the dynamics of the market demands, findings
of Translation Studies research, and varied competences of students in the past two decades.
Afterward, the questionnaire data were gathered and, subsequently, went under statistical
procedures. TRANSLATION as an academic subject is only about 50 years old. Figure 1 (previous
slide) shows the apocryphal graphic form these categories received later from, I believe, Gideon
Toury, who saw it as a legitimate point of departure (it is also in Toury 1995: 10). Observe that the
samples might not conform to the present 2500-word limit. Dr. NN Chavan Keynote address on
ADNEXAL MASS- APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT in the. This growth has been accompanied
by diverse forms of translation research.