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Function Description
System
RF System
MAGNETOM ESSENZA
10130587
© Siemens 2006
The reproduction, transmission or use
of this document or its contents is not
permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for
damages. All rights, including rights
created by patent grant or registration
of a utility model or design, are
reserved.
Print No.: M4-060.850.14.01.02 English

Replaces: n.a. Doc. Gen. Date: 09.07
2 Revision / Disclaimer
1Revision / Disclaimer
Document revision level

The document corresponds to the version/revision level effective at the time of system
delivery. Revisions to hardcopy documentation are not automatically distributed.
Please contact your local Siemens office to order current revision levels.
Disclaimer
The installation and service of equipment described herein is to be performed by qualified
personnel who are employed by Siemens or one of its affiliates or who are otherwise autho-
rized by Siemens or one of its affiliates to provide such services.
Assemblers and other persons who are not employed by or otherwise directly affiliated with
or authorized by Siemens or one of its affiliates are directed to contact one of the local
offices of Siemens or one of its affiliates before attempting installation or service proce-
dures.
MAGNETOM M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 2 of 92 Siemens

09.07 CS SD MR Medical Solutions
Table of Contents 3
0Table of Contents
1 _______ Introduction ____________________________________________________ 6
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
RF System Components Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
RFSU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
RFPA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
RF Application System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Body Coil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Matrix Coils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Coil Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
RF Safety WatchDog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2 _______ RF Signal Unit (RFSU) ___________________________________________ 12
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Modulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Dip switches (only modulator with part no, 100 18 301) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Synthesizer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3 _______ RF power amplifier (DORA) ______________________________________ 27
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
................................................................. 28
4 _______ RF Application System (RFAS)____________________________________ 30
Siemens M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 3 of 92 MAGNETOM

Medical Solutions 09.07 CS SD MR
4 Table of Contents
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
TAS_CM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Mechanical switching. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
50Ω Termination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Relay control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
BCCS_63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
TX_Hybrid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Transmit / receive switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Directional Coupler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Pre-amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
RX_Hybrid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
TALES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Power Scaler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
MUX. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Reference voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
RCCS_60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Local coil inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Fixed spine coil inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Body coil inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Pick-up coil inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
RCCS_60 outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Tuning multiplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
1-18 Multiplexer test path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
LC voltage supply & monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
5 _______ Body Coil _____________________________________________________ 44
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
MAGNETOM ESSENZA Body Coil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Fixed impedance matching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Static and dynamic detuning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
6 _______ RF Infrastructure (RFIS_60) ______________________________________ 47
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Motherboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
DYSCON_BC module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
DYSCON_LC_SB module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
CAN & Code CTRL module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
.................................................................. 61
7 _______ Matrix Coils____________________________________________________ 64
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Matrix Coil Concept. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Technical Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Table of Contents 5
Detuning and Safety Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Coil Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Shock Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Amplifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Sheath Currents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Mode Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
The Matrix Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Head Matrix Coil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Neck Matrix Coil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Fixed Spine Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Body Matrix Coil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Peripheral Angio Coil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
8 _______ Matrix Coil Connectors __________________________________________ 78
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Local Coil Connection Sockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Switch Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
9 _______ Service Plug __________________________________________________ 83
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Rx/Pre Amp Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
PIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Coil Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Max. Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Latch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Latch Reset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
TX1 Out, TX2 Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Int. 50 Ohm (not designed for MAGNETOM ESSENZA system) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
TTX IN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Notes on use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Rx/Pre Amp Voltage section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
PIN section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Pick-up coil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
TestTools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
10 ______ Changes to previous version _____________________________________ 91

6 Introduction
1-
General
1Introduction
The RF system for the MAGNETOM ESSENZA has a new design, especially with respect
to the receiving path. Individual RF components from the previous system (i.e., Magnetom
Avanto) were also used.
Transmitting Path
• Modulator: no change at present, although it will be integrated with the synthesizer in
the future.
• RFPA, TAS, BCCS, TALES: taken from previous system.
• Body coil: new D-shaped design.
Receiving path
• All local coils are receive-only.
• Due to the reduced RF receiving channels, corresponding modifications were made to
RCCS and coil socket connections.
• Control unit - RFIS is more compact.
The ESSENZA was given 22X8 Tim technology (Total imaging matrix with 8 receiving
channels). Tim represents the ultimate in receiving coil coverage for the patient using the
matrix coils. Matrix coils are specially designed coils with several coil elements - from 4 to
9 elements depending on the coil - placed in groups, or clusters, in such a way that the indi-
vidual coil element can be read out and combined to produce three different modes.
Depending on the selected mode, parallel acquisition technique (PAT) imaging and classi-
cal CP imaging techniques can be performed. Due to the arrangement of the coil element
groups, PAT imaging is possible in all directions allowing PAT factors (speed factors) from
2 to 3 in any one direction, depending on the matrix coils involved. The emphasis in the Tim
concept is simple: Maximum coverage, maximum signal quality, and maximum speed. This
translates to improved workflow, greater patient comfort and higher revenues.
Improved workflow because the matrix coil concept allows the user the flexibility in certain
situations to select different type of examinations without having to change coils and repo-
sition the patient.
Greater patient comfort because the matrix coils allow PAT factors up to 3, meaning
shorter examination times. Also, based on the combination of the matrix coils, the patient
does not have to be repositioned for additional exams that may be necessary. As a result,
overall examination time is further reduced.
Higher revenues are realized though higher patient throughput.

Introduction 7
Block diagram of MAGNETOM ESSENZA RF System
Fig. 1:
8 Introduction
RF System Components Overview 1.1
RFSU 0
The role of the RF signal unit can be best described as a low-to-high and high-to-low fre-
quency converter. The tasks of generating and modulating the RF excitation pulses as well
as the demodulation and filtering of the MR signals are performed by digital signal proces-
sors (DSPs) and associated circuitry found in the Measurement and Reconstruction Sys-
tem (MARS) section on the PCI_STAR and PCI_RX boards, respectively. As for the RFSU,
the Modulator board is responsible for converting the digitally modulated RF pulses gen-
erated on the PCI_STAR board to the required system frequency of 63.6 MHz. Conversely,
the Receiver board is responsible for mixing the received MR signals down to an interme-
diate frequency of around 1 MHz for quantification (digitization) by an A/D converter. This
1 MHz digitized IF frequency is then sent to the PCI_RX board(s) located in the MARS
where it is digitally filtered, demodulated and decimated to create what is called "image raw
data". The raw data is then converted in the MARS for final image reconstruction. The
RFSU components are rack-mountable plug-in boards with a separate power supply. All RF
signals between the RFSU components are connected via front-side QLA-type coax
cables. One (1) modulator board, one (1)receiver board and one (1) synthesizer board are
mounted on the RFSU rack. The RFSU components do not require any adjustments and
are maintenance-free.
NOTE In the future, the modulator and synthesizer will be inte-

grated to form one single board called a transmitter.
RFPA 0
DORA
The DORA RF power amplifier is a solid state amplifier with a maximum output power of
15 kW on 50Ω. A solid-state design is in many ways superior to a bulky and complicated
tube version: It allows for a very compact unit with the benefit of no moving parts or external
power supplies and requires no adjustments or maintenance. Its compactness and high
power capabilities, however, require active cooling of its power components. As a cooling
medium, chilled water is supplied by the cooling system.
RF Application System 0
The RFAS is a group of components that fulfill the tasks of interfacing the RF "front end" to
the various RF transmit and receive coils.
The typical functions of an RF application system are:
• Transmit path switch (TAS) - a relay-actuated mechanical switch required to direct
the RF transmit pulse to the desired transmit coil. The MAGNETOM ESSENZA sup-
ports a body transmit/receive coil as well as receive-only local coils.
• 90 Hybrid (BCCS) - provides power and phase splitting of the RF transmit pulse
required by a circularly polarized transmit coil - the CP body coil.

Introduction 9
• Transmit-receive (T/R) switch (BCCS) - decouples the transmit section from the (very
sensitive) receive section whenever the body coil is used to transmit and receive. (On
the MAGNETOM ESSENZA, all local coils are receive-only coils).
• Switch matrix (RCCS_60) - is a constellation of row-column lines in a matrix configura-
tion with switches at specific row-column intersections, called nodes, that can be
switched to connect corresponding inputs attached to the column lines to any of the out-
puts connected to the row lines. A switch matrix is required by the local coil technology
used in Tim.
• Pre-amplifiers (RCCS_60) - the received MR echo signals captured by the receive
coils must be properly and adequately amplified for an optimal signal-to-noise (SNR)
performance. All local coils have SNR-optimized preamplifiers built in to amplify the sig-
nals immediately above the noise floor and to levels required to withstand the attenua-
tion of the cables connecting the coils to the RFAS components, which can be quite
long (several meters). Additional secondary pre-amplifiers, located in the RCCS_60,
may add additional amplification, as necessary. The distance between the RCCS_60
and the receiver circuitry located in the control cabinet is between 8 to 20 meters!
These functional circuits are contained in these devices:
• TAS_CM - Transmit Antenna Selector directs the RF transmit pulses to the body trans-
mit coil or to the shimming device.
• BCCS_63 - Body Coil Channel Selector. The selector has several functions. They
include: To prepare the RF transmit pulse for the circularly polarized body coil; to pro-
vide decoupling (isolation) between the transmit and receive paths via PIN diode l/4
based transmit-receive switches; to amplify the receive signal coming off the body coil
when it is used for receiving MR signals, and to recombine the two 90 phase-shifted
MR signals as they come off the circularly polarized body coil.
• RCCS_60 - Receive Coil Channel Selector has the main task of amplifying the received
MR signals off the local coils and routing them to the respective ADC channel in the
receiver modules in the RFSU.
Body Coil 0
The body coil for the MAGNETOM ESSENZA system is D shaped and was designed as a
no-tune coil. As a result, the coils no longer require an active impedance-matching device
(BTB) for patient load-dependent power transfer optimization. Instead, the coils have been
optimized for heavy loads. The percentage of reflected RF caused by light and
medium-load patients can be very high - up to 90% - but the power levels used for these
load types are proportionally lower so that the absolute reflected energies at these levels
are not large enough to pose problems for the RFPA and the transmit path components.
Despite the absence of a variable impedance matching device, calibration of the 90 hybrid
in the BCCS is still required. The calibration results are used by the BC tests in the service
software and the BC tuning procedure in the tune-up.
As mentioned in the Coil Control section, detuning of the body coil is provided by PIN
diodes located between the resonator elements. For dynamic detuning, voltage levels of
+12V (forward current 3.6A) to tune and -30 V (short circuit current) to detune are applied.
When using a shim array, the body coil is statically detuned by applying the same -30V,

10 Introduction
which assure the PIN diodes will not be brought to conduct by (be biased on) the voltages
that can develop in the body coil by the transmit signal of the shim coil during the transmit
phase.
Control for these components is exercised by CAN controllers. In its simplest form, a CAN
controller is basically another type of specialized IC that consists of a communication unit
and simple one/zero outputs.
Matrix Coils 0
The new coils present a major innovation in local coil technology called Tim - Total imaging
matrix. Matrix coils have multiple receive coil elements grouped in clusters that can be
combined to create three different modes.
Mode 1 - The first mode is equivalent to a CP mode and is optimized to obtain maximum
SNR at the center of the region of interest.
Modes 2 and 3 - called Dual and Triple mode, map the covered FoV of the coil elements in
the direction of their orientation in either two or three regions respectively. The signal
derived from these modes can be used to improve signal-to-noise (SNR) in the periphery
and/or enable higher PAT factors.
The total signal information contained in all modes is completely equivalent to the informa-
tion from the original independent coil elements. The matrix mode concept allows very effi-
cient use of receiving channel resources and the utmost flexibility in parallel imaging
acceleration as well as highest signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise (CNR), partic-
ularly in the periphery.
The matrix coil resonator elements employ circular polarization technology for optimized
homogeneity and built-in preamplifiers for unparalleled S/N performance and are fac-
tory-tuned so they do not require patient-dependent impedance matching. The coil casings
use a specially formulated plastic to ensure optimal RF field homogeneity.
Coil Control 0
• Dynamic detuning circuits - are required when separate transmit and receive coils
are used. In the MAGNETOM ESSENZA system, the body coil is used to apply the
high-power excitation pulses (transmit pulses). The receive-optimized matrix or local
coils are used to capture the MR echo signals. In this scenario, the individual coils will
need to be dynamically tuned and detuned during the transmit and receive phases.
- BC transmit = LC detuned (=BC tuned)
- LC receive = LC tuned (=BC detuned)
This fast-acting switching between tuned and detuned states is achieved with the use of
PIN diodes. The diodes are strategically placed in the coils so that by opening or closing
the diode the coil can be tuned or detuned. The forward and reverse bias voltages to close
and open the diodes are supplied by PIN diode control circuits located in the RFIS_60 unit.
In the RFIS_60, there are16 PIN controls for both socket 1 and socket 2 on the patient table,
and 3 PIN controls for the fixed spine coil.

Introduction 11
RF Safety WatchDog 0
The task of the RFSWD, also called the power absorption limiter (PALI) system, is to mon-
itor the applied RF excitation pulses in order to prevent exceeding safe RF exposure levels.

12 RF Signal Unit (RFSU)
2-
General
2RF Signal Unit (RFSU)
The RFSU is a modular system consisting of three components:

• Modulator board
• Receiver board
• Synthesizer board
NOTE In the future, the modulator and synthesizer boards will be

integrated and called the transmitter board and will perform
same functions as the two previous boards.
All components are fully digital and implemented as PC boards placed in a rack and con-
nected to a common backplane over 96 pole connectors. All RF signal inputs and outputs
are available as coax connectors at the front plate of each board.
The RFSU can be best summarized as a low-to-high and high-to-low frequency converter.
The RF pulse modulation and MR signal demodulation are performed by DSPs on the
PCI_STAR and PCI_RX boards respectively in the MARS. The digital-to-analog modulator
converts the digitally modulated RF pulses from the PCI_STAR and then mixes the result
up to the required system frequency. Conversely, the receiver mixes the MR signal down
to an IF (intermediate frequency) and A/D converts this for the PCI_RX, which then does
the filtering and demodulation digitally.
There are no adjustments required and there are no filters to clean and maintain.

RF Signal Unit (RFSU) 13
Fig. 2: RFSU Front Side Layout

Modulator 2.1
Fig. 3: Modulator Block Diagram

The modulator generates the excitation pulses at the same frequencies from the local oscil-
lator carrier and the digital SSB amplitudes from the digital modulator of the PCI_STAR (in
the MARS) .
Inputs 0
The digitally modulated single side-band pulse SSB_DIG1_TX generated on the

PCI_STAR board in the MARS is delivered to the modulator via a bi-directional, high-speed
(640 MBit/s each direction) optical fiber connection located in back of the board.
A 10 MHz clock CLK 10, produced by the synthesizer, synchronizes the data transfer and
digitization.
The local oscillator signal LO TRA is produced by the synthesizer board D10 and delivered
to the modulator via a QLA coax cable at the front side of the board.
The CV and OFFSET signal is a multiplexed signal coming from the TALES representing
the measured forward and reflected RF transmit voltages applied to the body coil. The
OFFSET is the negative input for elimination of offsets between RFAS-GND and
RFSU-GND.
The analog-to-digital signals are converted with 14bits at a 250 KHz sampling rate and sent
to the MARS over the SSB_DIG1_TX fiber optic line. These values are used by the RF
Safety Watchdog (RFSWD) software for calculating the SAR.
Tab. 1 Modulator Inputs
Signal Description Level

CLK 10 10 MHz synchronization clock 3 ± 0.5 dBm
LO TRA Local oscillator of 63.6 MHz -1 ± 0.1 dBm
CV Forward and reflected RF transmit 0 to 700 mV typical, -100 to -900
voltages mV max. 1 MΩ input impedance
OFFSET Negative input for elimination of 0 mV typical, -100 mV to +100 mV
offsets between RFAS-GND and maximum
RFSU-GND
Function 0
A deserializer converts the serial data stream into parallel data blocks which are then sent
to the DAC for conversion.
The DAC output is an SSB IF (intermediate frequency) signal of around 1 MHz. This is
mixed up to the system frequency of 63.6 ± 250 kHz with the local oscillator signal coming
from the synthesizer board D10. The signal is filtered for a frequency spectrum free of spu-
rious and inter-modulation harmonics.
The amplitude of the resultant RF signal is adapted to the required output level through a
two-stage attenuator matrix consisting of a 6 dB and a 12 dB attenuator providing an overall
attenuation of 0, 6, 12 and 18 dB respectively.

Outputs 0
The final SSB1 signal is applied over a switch array to one of seven outputs. The data for
switch selection and attenuator selection as well as the frequency selection for the synthe-
sizer is also sent to the modulator over the high-speed fiber optic line.
Tab. 2 Modulator Outputs
Output Function Level

SSB 1 Main output for normal proton imaging 3 dBm max
SSB 2 Not used n.a.
SSB IN Not used n.a.
TTX Used for tuning and service testing. 3 dBm max
LP 1 Used for testing receiver 1 16 dBm max
LP 2,3,4 Not used n.a.
Dip switches (only modulator with part no, 100 18 301) 0
Tab. 3 Modulator Switches
Dip switch Description

Switch 1 (Debug) No function yet
Switch 2 (1.5T/3T - 7T) This switch must be set according to the system type. All
PCBs from spare parts stock are set to 1.5T/3T by
default.
LEDs 0
For servicing purposes, there are several LEDs mounted on the front plate that display the
settings of the attenuators (ATT), the output selection (OUTSEL), enabled RF transmission
(RFON), and the FPGA status (FPGA_OK and LINKERR).
Tab. 4 Modulator LEDs
Attenuation LED 6db LED 12db

0 db ON ON
6 db OFF ON
12 db ON OFF
18 db OFF OFF

Specifications 0
Tab. 5 Modulator Specifications
Value Specifications
Frequency response (in band) ± 0.2 dB Uncorrected
± 0.1 dB Corrected
Center Frequency Range ± 100 kHz
Bandwidth ± 250 kHz
Transmit amplitude resolution 16 bit
Variation 1 within band of 125 kHz < 2.0 dB (peak-peak)
Variation 2 within band of 250 kHz < 3.0 dB (peak-peak)
Reproducibility amplitude <1s < 0.05 dB (peak-peak)
Reproducibility phase <1s < 0.5 deg (peak-peak)
Reproducibility amplitude > 1s < 0.3 dB (peak-peak)
Reproducibility phase > 1s < 3.0 deg (peak-peak)
Linearity 2% over 40 dB dynamic

Synthesizer 2.2
Fig. 4: Synthesizer Block Diagram

Inputs 0
Operating voltages of +6.5 and 15 V.

Control inputs for determining the frequency and phase and selection of DDS 1 or 2 out-
puts. The control signals originate on the modulator and are sent to the synthesizer over
the backplane connection.
Function 0
The synthesizer generates the highly-stable local frequencies from an oven-stabilized ref-
erence oscillator. The local oscillator signals are generated by two DDSs (Direct Digital
Synthesizers). Both DDSs are fed with a common 640 MHz clock also created by the 10
MHz reference oscillator via a frequency multiplier.
Outputs 0
The output signals of either DDSs can be coupled to the six LO output connectors via four
fast-acting switches. The control signals of the switches also originate from the modulator.
All outputs are always active when power is applied.
Tab. 6 Synthesizer outputs

LO T1 Local oscillator for modulator -1 ± 0.1 dBm on 50Ω
LO R1 Local oscillator for receiver -1 ± 0.1 dBm on 50Ω
10 M 10 MHz clock for modulator 3 ± 0.5 dBm on 50Ω
10 M1 10 MHz clock for PCI_STAR in MARS 3 ± 0.5 dBm on 50Ω
10 M2 10 MHz clock for GSSU 3 ± 0.5 dBm on 50Ω
10 R1 10 MHz clock for receiver 3 ± 0.5 dBm on 50Ω
LEDs 0
Tab. 7 Synthesizer LEDs
LED Description
6.5 V ON indicates 6.5 V is ok
12 V ON indicates the 15 V is ok

Receiver 2.3
Fig. 5: Receiver Block Diagram

The receiver creates a digital IF signal from the MR echo signals coming from the
RCCS_60 that will be digitally demodulated and filtered by the PCI_RX in the MARS.
Inputs 0
Tab. 8 Receiver inputs

MRSIG 1-8 MR echo from receive coils 3 dBm max
PF RFPA forward power 3 dBm max
PR RFPA reflected power 3 dBm max
PD Sampled power level at the 50 ohm dummy 3 dBm max
load in the TAS
LP Loop testing of RFSU components 16 dBm max
CLK 10 10 MHz clock used for internal synchronization 3 ± 0.5 dBm on 50Ω
LO REC (RX1-4) Local oscillator for mixer -1 ± 0.1 dBm on 50Ω
Function 0
The receiver board functions as a frequency converter and analog-to-digital converter. The
MR signals received by the receive coils are at the nominal system frequency of 63.6 MHz.
The receiver board reduces this frequency to an IF of approximately 1 MHz. This is then
digitized with a 10 MHz sample rate and sent to the PCI_RX boards of the MARS over a
bi-directional, high-speed fiber optical link.
Outputs 0
The digitized signals are sent via a high-speed fiber optic line to the PCI_RX board for
demodulation and filtering.
LEDs 0
Tab. 9 Receiver outputs
LED Description
PF/PR/PD Signifies that these three inputs are being input.
MRSIG Signifies that the MR signal inputs are being input
FPGA 1,2 Lights green when FPGA is successfully loaded
LINK 1,2 error Lights red when an error occurs in the fiber optic output section

LED Description
Loop Signifies the LOOP inputs are activated. Active during service testing.
RX ON Indicates the system is in the receive mode (i.e., NOT in transmit mode)
Specifications 0
The code of the board positions is read in over the optical interface.
Tab. 10 Receiver specifications
Center frequency 63.6 MHz
Frequency tolerance ± 100 kHz
0.1dB bandwidth ± 250 kHz
Max input level ± 1.2 dBm
Stability (5 min.) ≤0.01 dB
Receiver resolution 18 bit effective @10 MHz sample rate
Noise figure 17 dB

Transmitter 2.4
Fig. 6: Transmitter and Receiver

In the future, the RFSU will be composed of a transmitter board and a receiver board. The
transmitter is the combination of the modulator and the synthesizer. It will perform the fol-
lowing tasks:
• Generation and distribution of 10 MHz system clock derived from a highly stable crystal
oscillator.
• Generation and distribution of LO (Local Oscillator) frequency for receiver.
• Generation of RF excitation pulses for MR experiment and test loops.
• Digitization of control voltage (CV) from TALES.

Fig. 7: Transmitter Block Diagram

Inputs 0
Tab. 11 Transmitter inputs

CV Control voltages from TALES 0~700 mV
Offset Ground from TALES 0 mV
Reset (Optical) Reset of receiver over backplane
Function 0
The transmitter generates the system 10 MHz clock with a highly stable oven-controlled
crystal oscillator (OCXO) and distributes it to the receiver, the MARS, the GPA.
By a frequency multiplexer, a 320 MHz clock derived from the 10 MHz is generated and
distributed to different building blocks.
There are two internal numerically controlled oscillators (NCOs), one is for the LO outputs,
the other is for the SSB, TTX, Test Loop outputs.
The amplitude of the resultant RF signal is adapted to the required output level through a
two-stage attenuator matrix consisting of a 6 dB and a 12 dB attenuator providing an overall
attenuation of 0, 6, 12 and 18 dB respectively.
Additionally, the control voltage coming from TALES is digitized with a 14-bit ADC and
transmitted back to PCI_STAR (in the MARS) by fiber optics.
Outputs 0
Tab. 12 Transmitter outputs

10 MHz_R1 10 MHz clock for receiver 3 dBm ± 0.5 dB
10 MHz_GPA 10 MHz clock for GPA 3 dBm ± 0.5 dB
10 MHz_AMC 10 MHz clock for MARS 3 dBm ± 0.5 dB
SSB 1 Output for RFPA < 3 dBm
TTX Output for RCCS_60 loop and tuning < 3 dBm
Loop 1 Output for transmitter-receiver loop < 16 dBm
LO 1 LO output to receiver -1 dBm ± 0.1 dB

LEDs 0
Tab. 13 Transmitter LEDs
LED Description
SSB 1 SSB1- Output is enabled.
TTX TTX - Output is enabled.
RF ON Shows RF action on any output.
R1 Receiver plugged in backplane.
+12 dB 12 dB gain active.
+6 dB 6 dB gain active.
FPGA OK FPGAs are programmed and running.
LINK OK The fiber optic cable is connected and a link could be established.
Specifications 0
Tab. 14 Transmitter specifications
Amplitude stability 0.02 dB over 5 min
TX frequency band 12.5 ~ 130 MHz
LO frequency band 12.5 ~ 130 MHz

RF power amplifier (DORA) 27
3-
General
3RF power amplifier (DORA)
The RFPA is used for raising the RF transmit pulses to the required power levels for specific
scans.
Fig. 8: RFPA Front Panel
Inputs 0
Tab. 15 RFPA DORA inputs
Signal Description
AC_IN Three-phase AC voltage input (93 V phase to neutral). An internal power
supply generates all required voltages.
RF_IN Input of RF signal to be amplified. The nominal input level for the full output
power level of 15 kW is 0 dBm.
RFPA_UNB To reduce noise and loss of the MR echo during reception, the amplifier is
blanked during the receive cycle. This is accomplished with the fiber optic
signal RFPA_UNB. When the signal is active (light on), the amplifier is acti-
vated.
RFPA_ON An enable signal (light on) is required to bring the amplifier to operating
condition. The purpose of this signal is to disable the amplifier, a require-
ment for SAR monitoring. (See also RFPA CORA description)
CAN1, 2 Fiber optic CAN bus communication interface.
Function 0
Power-up
To power up the amplifier for operation, the RFPA_ON signal must be present and a com-
mand must be sent to the CAN unit to enable the internal enable signals. After successful
power-up, the Ready LED lights to signify that the amplifier is operational.

28 RF power amplifier (DORA)
Monitoring
The RFPA has several internal circuits that monitor a number of vital functions: overvoltage
and overcurrent of power supply, peak output power levels or reflected power too high (RF
Power), unblank duty-cycle, and power stage temperature. In the event of an internal failure
or if an operational limit of the amplifier has been exceeded, the amplifier provides a status
report via the CAN bus.
Outputs 0
Tab. 16 RFPA DORA outputs
Signal Description
PF, PR Directional coupler (DICO) outputs the forward and reflected power levels
of the RFPA output.
RF_OUT This is hopefully where the amplified RF comes out.
LEDs 0
Tab. 17 RFPA DORA LEDs
LED Description
UNBLK Lights when a gating pulse is applied.
START-UP RFPA put into power-up mode (command via CAN).
READY Amplifier power-up completed and ready.
CAN TX Lights with activity on CAN bus.
CAN RX Lights with activity on CAN bus.
L1-L3 AC power supplied to unit.

RF power amplifier (DORA) 29
Fig. 9: Block Diagram of RFPA

30 RF Application System (RFAS)
4-
General
4RF Application System (RFAS)
The RFAS is that group of components needed to apply the RF transmit and receive signals
between the coils and the RF front-end, which consists of the modulator and receiver
boards.
The RFAS consists of the following components:
• TAS_CM
• BCCS
• RCCS_60
• TALES
Fig. 10: RFAS Parts Location

RF Application System (RFAS) 31
Fig. 11: RFAS - Filter Plate

TAS_CM 4.1
Mechanical switching 0
The Transmit Antenna Selector (TAS), version CM (C: Circular, means containing a dummy
that can be used as a termination for the 90 degree hybrid for the circular body coil; M:
means measuring the output of the dummy load voltage) performs the mechanical switch-
ing of the RF transmit signal to two output paths.
50Ω Termination 0
In addition, it contains a 50Ω dummy load used for termination of the 90° hybrid of the
BCCS and the RFPA for running service test and calibration loops.
Relay control 0
The switches are actuated with DC relays operating at 15 volts. The supply voltage of 15
volts and the control signals for S1 and S2 are supplied by the RFIS_60.
LEDs 0
Tab. 18 TAS LEDs
LED Status Description

UB+ ON +15 V OK
UB- ON -15V OK
Service ON S1 set RFPA to dummy
OFF Imaging (RFPA to BCCS or shimming device), depending on S2
Local ON TX to shimming device
OFF TX to body coil (via BCCS)
Fault ON Discrepancy between relay position and relay control signal
Note: It is normal for this LED to blink when a relay is switched. A real
fault condition is indicated only when this LED is permanently on.

Fig. 12: TAS_CM Block Diagram

BCCS_63 4.2
The Body Coil Channel Selector (BCCS) provides the necessary circuits to interface the
RFPA to a circular polarized body coil.
TX_Hybrid 0
The TX_Hybrid effects a 90°phase shift and power split of the transmit signal required by
the CP body coil. To achieve this with the highest efficiency, the TX_Hybrid requires 50
ohms on all ports. The connection at port X7 is terminated by the dummy load in the TAS.
The output characteristics of the hybrid are calibrated during system tune-up.
Transmit / receive switch 0
The T/R switch is required when imaging with the body coil. It is actively switched to provide
a linear feed-through characteristic.
When transmitting, SE_CTRL is active closing two diode

switches. The first switch allows the RF signal to pass between
X1 and X2 unimpeded. However, the path between X1 and X3 is
electrically isolated with very high impedance. It therefore pre-
vents the signal from passing through to X3. Even if the
SE_CTRL signal is missing, the switches will close as soon as
the signal exceeds 0.7 V. The switch action just described will still
work, although in non-linear mode.
Fig. 13:
When receiving, the SE_CTRL is inactive (0V) and X2 is connected to X3. Path X1 to X2
is electrically isolated as long as the MR signal does not exceed 0.7 V (it never will).

Fig. 14: BCCS Block Diagram

Directional Coupler 0
The directional coupler provides a port for tuning. A tune signal is applied alternatively to
both the forward and reflected side of the directional coupler. The ratio of the amount of
tune signal being coupled in the forward and reflected directions between the body coil and
the amplifier is influenced by the impedance of the body coil.
Pre-amplifier 0
The narrowband, low-noise preamp has a fixed gain of 31dB.
RX_Hybrid 0
The MR signal received from the CP body coil, after being amplified, is recombined by the
RX_Hybrid. The output is taken from X3. It is possible to feed the uncombined MR signals
from both coil systems, but the software does not support this.

TALES 4.3
The Transmit Antenna Level Sensor (TALES) is a precision RF voltmeter for measuring for-
ward and reflected RF levels into the transmit coils (body coil or TX local coil) for use in
SAR calculations.
Power Scaler 0
The RF signal picked up over the directional couplers is rectified and filtered producing a
proportional DC voltage.
MUX 0
During transmission, the MARS selects each of the four values via a MUX with the select
signals MH_SEL. The signal CV is output to the modulator (or transmitter in future) board,
where it is digitized and read in by the PCI_STAR in the MARS for calculating the SAR val-
ues.
LEDs 0
The LEDs display the selected signal being measured by the MARS.
Reference voltage 0
In addition to the RF signal being measured, the TALES outputs a control DC reference
voltage of 500 mV. The reference is used to verify the accuracy of the signal coming from
the TALES. The TALES must be replaced every two years as part of preventive mainte-
nance. The old one should be sent back to Erlangen for re-calibration.

Fig. 15: TALES Block Diagram

RCCS_60 4.4
The Receive Coil Channel Selector for MAGNETOM ESSENZA (RCCS_60) is very similar
to the Avanto system, but less complex. It has 8 local coil channel inputs, 6 fixed spine array
channel inputs, 2 body coil channel inputs, 2 pick-up coil channel inputs, and 8 receiving
channel outputs.
Local coil inputs 0
Through the 8X8 crossbar switch, each local coil input (included in X18) can be routed to
any RF output channel (MRSIG 1-8) that is not used by BC inputs, FSA inputs,or pick-up
coil inputs at the same time.
Fixed spine coil inputs 0
Through the reduced crossbar, each fixed spine coil (FSA) input (included in X17) can be
routed only to the corresponding RF output channel (MRSIG 3-8).
Body coil inputs 0
Through the reduced crossbar, each body coil (BC) input (X6,X7) can be routed only to the
corresponding RF output channel (MRSIG 1,2).
Pick-up coil inputs 0
Through the reduced crossbar, each pick-up coil input (X19,X20) can be routed only to the
corresponding RF output channel (MRSIG 7,8).
RCCS_60 outputs 0
There are 8 RF output channels with a corresponding SGA (switchable gain amplifier)
whose gain can be programmed to either fixed low or high or dynamically switched during
the sequence. The LGAIN signal is used for dynamic gain switching in the firmware of the
RCCS_60.
Tuning multiplexer 0
The tuning signal TTX Input supplied by the modulator board in the RFSU can be diverted
via a multiplexer to one of 4 output paths, all of which go to the BCCS and are used for the
body coil tune check procedure.

1-18 Multiplexer test path 0
The TTX Input signal can also be routed to any one of the 16 RF inputs and the additional
2 pick-up inputs for testing purposes. The tuning signal can be looped back from the tuning
signal input to any of 8 RF outputs over any of the 16 RF inputs (2 pick-up coils use the
same paths with the FSA), and using these test loops, the correct function of the RCCS_60
can be tested by the test software.
LC voltage supply & monitoring 0
Through RCCS_60, the RFIS_60 supplies the local coils and fixed spine coil with power for
their preamplifiers via a 10.5 V supply voltage. The voltage is fed to local coils and FSA
over the corresponding cables connecting the connectors and the RCCS_60 inputs. Each
input has its own 10.5 V supply and its own supervision circuit that will detect an overload
condition at the corresponding supply and shut down this supply separately. Each of the 14
supply channels is monitored and has a corresponding LED for indicating a shorted supply.
If the LED lights, it indicates there is a short somewhere between the RCCS_60 output pin
and the matrix switch.
Settings 0
The RFIS_60 is used to set the matrix for input to output switching, the tuning MUX, the
static or dynamic gain mode and high or low gain, and the test path MUX. Through
RCCS_60_CTRL&PWR, the communication interface of the RCCS_60 can be controlled.
.

Fig. 16: Block Diagram of Receiver Coil Channel Selector

LEDs 0
As a rule of thumb, the RCCS_60 is in normal fault-free operation mode if no red LED is on
and the one and only green LED is on.
Tab. 19 RCCS_60 LEDs description
LED Light ON Light OFF Description

Green LEDs
PWR READY No power fault Power fault Power supply for RCCS_60.
detected detected
FPGA READY FPGA power-up FPGA power-up FPGA power-up sequence.
sequence com- sequence not suc-
pleted success- cessfully com-
fully pleted
Yellow LEDs
All yellow LEDs are status LEDs, i.e., they define the status of a certain signal. They can be used for
troubleshooting, but their status is not connected a priori to a failure mode.
DYNAMIC Bit 3 = 1 Bit 3 = 0 RCCS_60 dynamic setting selection.
CONTROL Bit 2 = 1 Bit 2 = 0 Shows the actual dynamic setting num-
ber requested from the RCCS_60 in dual
_SEL 0,1,2,3 Bit 1 = 1 Bit 1 = 0 representation.
Bit 0 = 1 Bit 0 = 0 Dynamic Setting Number=Bit3, Bit2,
Bit1, Bit0.
DYNAMIC Low Gain High Gain Shows the actual dynamic gain
CONTROL requested from the RCCS_60.
_LGAIN
DATA CONTROL Bit = 1 Bit = 0 Toggle bit status: With each transition of
_TOGGLE the toggle bit, the transfer of the actual
data applied to the RCCS_60 is per-
formed.
DATA CONTROL Clock ON Clock OFF Internal clock status: The internal clock
_CLOCK must be on for data transfer and it must
be off during imaging.
PWR FAULT Voltage fault No voltage fault Latch for voltage faults: The LEDs FPGA
_LATCH latched latched and RF PWD are on only as long as the
fault persists. Sporadic faults that occur
are latched and indicated by this LED,
but not for the 10_V FAULT. The LATCH
LED is reset with each power-on.
Red LEDs
PWR FAUTLT FPGA voltage fault FPGA supplies Status of the supervision for the internal
_FPGA OK voltages needed by the FPGA.

LED Light ON Light OFF Description

PWR FAULT Voltage fault in Internal supplies Status of the supervision for the internal
_RF PWR internal supplies OK voltages needed for the RF and control
circuits. The 10_V FAULT is not indicated
by this LED.
10_V FAULT 10 V supply for the 10 V supply for the Status of the 10 V supply for 8 inputs of
_1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 LNA in the LCs is LNAs in the LCs is the LNAs (low noise amplifiers) in local
OFF ON coils.
If an input is overloaded, the 10 V supply
for this input is switched off and the cor-
responding red LED turns on.
10_V FAULT 10 V supply for the 10 V supply for the Status of the 10 V supply for 6 inputs of
_1,2,3,4,5,6 LNAs in the FSA is LNAs in the FSA is the LNAs (low noise amplifiers) in fixed
OFF ON spine coil.
If an input is overloaded, the 10 V supply
for this input is switched off and the cor-
responding red LED turns on.

44 Body Coil
5-
General
5Body Coil
The body coil (BC) generates the B1 field for excitation of the proton nuclei in the MR
experiment.
• Transmit-only mode - whereby the body coil transmits the excitation pulse and one or
more local coils receive the MR echoes.
• Transmit/Receive mode - the body coil is additionally used for receiving the MR echo
signal.
The primary use of the body coil is transmitting the excitation pulses and localizing imaging
of scouts or topology images used for slice positioning.
The MAGNETOM ESSENZA body coil is a circularly polarized (CP) coil and based on the
high-pass birdcage design. A principal advantage of the birdcage design is that the RF field
amplitude drops very quickly outside the imaging volume, thereby greatly reducing field
ambiguity artifacts (oka third-arm artifacts) and distributing the RF field more uniformly over
the length of the coil.
In order to prevent the development of eddy currents on the conductive surfaces of the
body coil, all large-area conductive structures are lacerated to suppress eddy currents.
Function 0
When the incoming RF signal is at the resonant frequency of the coil, the current flow
through the coil resonator elements is distributed through the coil elements via the end
rings depending on the signal phase. With a CP coil, decoupling between resonator sys-
tems is an important issue. Strong coupling between the two resonator systems leads to
high transmitter reference values and hence reduces the performance of the RF transmit
path. A procedure for checking and, if necessary, optimizing the decoupling is located in
the Service Software platform under Tune-Up / BC Tuning.
The body coil is a resonant device transducing the current/voltage signals from the RF
power amplifier to an electromagnetic field. Its magnetic component is designated as the
B1 field.
When using local coils, a detune circuit brings the body coil to off-resonance to prevent
coupling with the local coils and thus absorbing any MR echo signal. For receive-only local
coils, the detuning is achieved dynamically (fast switching times). PIN diodes are the
devices used to accomplish detuning. A control voltage of -30 V is applied for dynamic
detuning and static detuning. The detuning circuitry is integrated into the body coil.
The RF shield (Faraday shield) is laminated on the inside of the gradient coil and connected
via the magnet shell to ground. The RF shield reduces B1 field losses into the gradient coil
as well as serves to prevent possible disturbances.

Body Coil 45
MAGNETOM ESSENZA Body Coil 5.1
Fixed impedance matching 0
The MAGNETOM ESSENZA body coil is D-shaped and has been designed as a no-tune
coil, that is, patient-dependent impedance matching is no longer necessary. The imped-
ance matching is set to a fixed value optimized for heavy loads where the power require-
ment is greatest.
As a consequence, a very high reflection will occur in light load situations . These reflec-
tions will be seen by the TALES and BCCS. In the BCCS most of this reflection will be
directed over the hybrid to the dummy load located in the TAS. Assuming a properly func-
tioning BCCS, the RFPA should see only a maximum of 20% reflection in the worst-case
situation.
Static and dynamic detuning 0
PIN diodes, located on the detune circuits, are used to both dynamically and statically
detune the body coil. The detune voltages are described in the RFIS_60 section.

46 Body Coil
Fig. 17: Block Diagram of MAGNETOM ESSENZA Body Coil

RF Infrastructure (RFIS_60) 47
6-
General
6 RF Infrastructure (RFIS_60)
The RF infrastructure for MAGNETOM ESSENZA (RFIS_60) fulfills all requirements for
controlling and supplying all relevant RF components and RF coils inside the RF cabin. It
contains the electronics that provide:
• Control signals for the dynamic and static detuning PIN diodes in both the matrix and
local coils and the body coil
• The detection and recognition of the connected matrix and local coils
• Dynamic control of BCCS via FOC
The whole RFIS_60 component (except the power supply) is made up basically like a sin-
gle board solution; the RFIS_60 itself is placed beside the magnet on a carrier plate,
whereas the power supply is assembled on the RF penetration panel outside the RF cabin.
Fig. 18: RFIS_60 Location

Fig. 19: RFIS_60 Board on MAGNETOM ESSENZA

Motherboard 0
Fig. 20: RFIS_60 Block Diagram

The motherboard provides a common interface to the periphery and the functional plug-in
PCBs.
OPTO interface
Fig. 21: RFIS_60 OPTO Interface Diagram

The OPTO interface converts incoming optical signals into electrical and vice versa. The
following are the FOC signals entering and exiting the RFIS_60:
• CAN_BUS for communication from & to host on this CAN bus, also including MSUP
and PTAB
• Control data from MARS mainly including dynamic control signal for BCCS, RCCS_60
and RFIS_60 itself
• U8, U9, U10 are not used at present
LEDs
Each of the voltage monitors have an associated LED. When the LED is on, it indicates that
voltage is present within the monitored tolerances.
Power Distribution and Stabilization

For supplying RFIS_60, RCCS_60 and other RF components inside the RF cabin, the sup-
ply voltages out of the RFIS_60 power supply have to be distributed and stabilized. During
a power failure, this functional block also acts as the supply voltage storage that enables
the host to access all the status registers inside RFIS_60 and RCCS_60 (via COSLIO,
FPGAs and associated discrete logic).

POWER Supervision
All supply voltages of the RFIS_60 are monitored for undervoltage. After one or more sup-
ply voltages fall below a specified value, a power failure interrupt is generated and sent to
the host via CAN_OPEN. Because of the component protection for the body coil or local
coils, the host has to stop the MR measurement at once.
Tab. 20 RFIS_60 POWER Supervision
Voltage Use Monitored threshold

Supply_ERR1 External supply voltage(s) to RFIS_60
failed
Supply_ERR2 On RFIS|_60, generated supply volt-
age(s) failed
Supply_ERR3 On RCCS_60, generated supply volt-
age(s) failed
ANA_P15V Supervision (code, temperature) 13.46 V ± 0.54V %
RCCS_P12V RCCS_60 11.49 V ± 0.36V %
RCCS_P8V RCCS_60 7.75 V ± 0.2V %
DIG_P5V RCCS_60, 4.73 V ± 0.15V %
control logic,
CAN_OPEN_Interface,
Opto_Interface
DIG_P3.3V Control logic 3.12V ± 0.07V %
DIG_P2.5V Control logic 2.37V ± 0.05V %
DIG_P1.2V Control logic 1.14V ± 0.03 V
ANA_N15V TALES, TAS, BCCS supply -13.46 V ± 0.54V %
ANA_N31V Local coil tune and body coil detune -27.48V ± 1.10V %
LEDs
Each of the voltage monitors has an associated LED. When the LED is on, it indicates the
voltage is present and within the monitored tolerances.

Fig. 22: Diagram of the RFIS_60 Supply Supervision
DYSCON_BC module 0
This module serves to control the detuning PIN diodes in the body coil for dynamic and
static detuning.
Dynamic detuning
The switch and monitor block provides output switching of the dynamic detuning supply lev-
els of +12V@3.6 A or -31V for tuning and detuning the body coil respectively via the
BC_PIN_CTRL signal.
Monitoring
The dynamic and static detune signal levels are monitored for proper levels. See LED
description for explanations.
The CAN module reads in the monitoring status by applying the En_BC_Status signal.
This is done at every system boot, scanner reboot, when service tests are run and prior to
sequence start.

Fig. 23: DYSCON_BC Block Diagram
LEDs
Tab. 21 Monitor LED statuses
LED ON OFF
BC_U_On_I_Off -31V applied to PIN diodes, +12V@3.6A is applied to the
detuning the coil PIN diodes, tuning the coil
BC_UF_OVR Dynamic current source at max Voltage level of current source
voltage (e.g., a break in the is ok
cable)
BC_IF_ON Dynamic current output level is Dynamic current output level is
ok too low
BC_UR_ON Reverse voltage ok Reverse voltage too low
BC_IR_OVR Too much current in reverse Current level in reverse mode
mode ok
BC settings
The BC_PIN_CTRL signals are generated in the FPGA on the CAN module according to
the circuitry shown in (Fig. 23 / p. 53). The circuit contains a mode table consisting of a 2
x 16 matrix. The COSLIO receives the values from NUMARIS and writes them into the
mode table. Each bit layer of the table is input to a 16:1 MUX. The dynamic control signals

Select 0-3 are used to address these 16:1 MUXs. Mode table bits 0 and 1 in turn address
a 4:1 MUX applying to the output signal BC_PIN_CTRL one of the four signals:
DYN_CTRL, DYN_CTRL inverted, 1, or 0.
The 16 settings correspond to different positions on the patient table; currently there are at
most 13 used for MAGNETOM ESSENZA.
Fig. 24: BC Mode Table
DYSCON_LC_SB module 0
Each module contains 16 PIN diode switching circuits for the dynamic detuning of local coil
elements. The signals can be programmed to be static during the sequence (i.e. the body
coil is being used as receive coil) or to be dynamic, i.e., the body coil is used only for trans-
mission and the local coils are used for reception. The signal programming is achieved on
the CAN & code control module.
This module is also integrated on the RFIS_60 motherboard and can control up to 25 coil
elements cooperating with the switch box on patient table.

LEDs
Tab. 22 DYSCON_LC_SB LEDs
LED Color ON OFF

LCA_PIN_U_On_I_ Yellow Output voltage -31V Output current 115
Off 1-8 mA
LCB_PIN_U_On_I_ Yellow Output voltage -31 V Output current 115
Off 1-8 mA
LC_FSA_U_On_I_O Yellow Output voltage -31 V Output current 115
ff 1-3 mA
DESIRED STATE Yellow Output high (>12V) Output low (<1.2V)
SB 1-4
Monitoring
There is no monitoring circuitry for this module. The module can be tested with the service
tests and the specially designed service plug. See Troubleshooting Guide.

Fig. 25: DYSCON_LC Block Diagram

LC settings
The LC_PIN_CTRL signals are generated in the FPGA on the CAN module according to
the circuitry shown in (Fig. 26 / p. 57). The circuit contains a mode table consisting of a 2
x 16 x 22 bit matrix. The COSLIO receives the values from NUMARIS and writes them into
the mode table. Each bit layer of the table is input to a 16:1 MUX. The dynamic control sig-
nals Select 0-3 are used to address these 16:1 MUXs. Mode table bits 0 and 1 in turn
address one signal from 4:1 MUX (one of the four signals: DYN_CTRL, DYN_CTRL
inverted, 1, or 0) and then apply to the output signal LC_PIN_CTRL1-19 or SB_CTRL 1-4 .
The 16 settings correspond to positions on the patient table, of which there are only 13. For
this reason, the last 3 LC settings (designated by gray boxes in the graphic) are not
required.
Fig. 26: LC Settings Memory
CAN & Code CTRL module 0
This module fulfills the following functions:

• Provides a CAN communications channel to system control for receiving control data
and sending feedback of the monitoring status
• Generates the PIN diode control and timing signals
• Detects the connected local coils via their coil codes and reports them to the system
control

• Detects coil changes during a measurement and reports them to the system control
• Reports supply status and RFIS temperature
• Handles sleep mode

• Detects and reports supply errors that occur during a measurement
Fig. 27: Block Diagram of RFIS_60 CAN & Control Module

Coil code recognition

The coil section has two functions:
• Coil code detection
• Coil code change recognition
Coil code detection

To recognize the matrix or local coils which are connected, a coil code recognition circuit
has been realized using resistive coding. A 10V source with an internal impedance of 1.5
kΩ is terminated with resistors inside the coil connectors. These coding resistors have 13
defined values and since each coil connector is provided with two code lines per coil code,
2 to the power of 14 coil code combinations are possible. A list of the matrix coil codes can
be found in the corresponding table below.
The code circuit is floating with respect to the rest of the coil electronics and thus uses a
separate ground!
Coil code change

A current source generates a constant current that is fed to the coil connector. The local
coils are equipped with one or more resistors connected to the 8 code signal lines. Where
a resistor is found, a voltage drop is generated which is read and recognized by the CAN
module controller.
During the sequence, the coil code is continuously monitored. If it changes (e.g., the patient
pulls a coil connector), an interrupt to the CAN module will be generated. This will cause
the sequence to stop.

Fig. 28: RFIS_60 Coil Code Detection Diagram
Tab. 23 Code resistor values
Coil code in hex Resistance in ohm Voltage at MUX Notes

0 <63 0.313 Signifies a short = error!

Coil code in hex Resistance in ohm Voltage at MUX Notes

1 132 - 162 0,938
2 256 - 291 1,564
3 402 - 444 2,19
4 577 - 627 2,815
5 790 - 853 3,441
6 1056 - 1135 4,066
7 1397 - 1500 4,692
8 1849 - 1989 5,318
9 2478 - 2680 5,943
A 3412 - 3729 6,569
B 4946 - 5511 7,195
C 7930 - 9207 7,82
D 16259 - 21493 8,446
E n.a. 9,071 Idle
F n.a. 9,697 Not used
Tab. 24 Matrix coil codes
Coil Connector Code

Head Lower LC_B 8D
Head Lower & Upper LC_B 5D
Head Lower LC_B 8C
Neck Lower
Head & Upper LC_B 5C
Neck Lower
Head Lower LC_B 4C
Neck Lower & Upper
Head Lower & Upper LC_B 3C
Neck Lower & Upper
Body Matrix LC_A 57
Fixed Spine Coil LC_C B1
PAA Matrix LC_A 51

Tab. 25 Local coil codes
Short Name Coil Name Coil Code

Reserved for Siemens Coil 11
EN Endorectal 8A
FS 4CH Flex Small 61
FL 4CH Flex Large C1
RS Reserve DB
FSA Fixed Spine Array B1
PAA Peripheral Angio Array 51
SH Shoulder 1D
BA Body Array 57
EA Extremity Array 28
BR Breast Coil 41
Service Plug TX Mode CC
Service Plug RX Mode CD

64 Matrix Coils
7-
General
7Matrix Coils
The MAGNETOM ESSENZA uses the newly designed set of receive-only matrix coils that
are part of the Tim system. The local coils designed for use with the MAGNETOM Sym-
phony system or the MAGNETOM Avanto cannot be used on the MAGNETOM ESSENZA.

Matrix Coils 65
Matrix Coil Concept 7.1
The coil concept for the MAGNETOM ESSENZA consists of a set of receive-only coils
which allow imaging of the largest body region with parallel imaging capabilities in all direc-
tions. A set of necessary coils can be applied simultaneously to the patient and subsets of
elements of each coil can be selected as required for a particular examination region. The
matrix coil concept is the extension of the IPA concept to parallel imaging and whole body
imaging of the MAGNETOM Symphony and Sonata. This new concept is called Total imag-
ing matrix, or Tim, and includes the following individual coils (standard and optional ones):
Tab. 26 Matrix coils
Coil Element Structure

Head Array 6-element coil, upper part removable
Neck Array 4-element coil, upper part removable
Fixed Spine 9-element coil
Array
Body Array 6-element coil
PA Matrix 16-element coil combined internally to 8 CP elements (PA: Peripheral
Angiography)

66 Matrix Coils
Technical Features 7.2
All matrix coils are pre-tuned in the factory to a fixed load. No further tuning at the MR
system is required. When the body coil is transmitting, all elements of the matrix coils are
detuned (switched off resonance).
Detuning and Safety Concept 0
The coil safety mechanisms built into all matrix and local coils are designed to protect both
patient and coil: that is, protect the patient from uncomfortable RF burns and the coils from
disintegration.
The safety mechanisms offer three safety levels: Each coil element is equipped with a
detune circuit consisting of an inductor and a PIN diode which, when forward biased, cre-
ates a parallel resonance circuit in series with the coil element effectively opening the ele-
ment and thus minimizing induced RF currents.
The second safety layer is a passive detune circuit which ensures proper detuning in case
the PIN diode bias current should fail or if the user forgets to connect a coil that is left on
the patient table.
As a third safety layer, a fuse is placed in every coil element that will blow as soon as the
induced current reaches a dangerous level should the passive detune circuit fail.
Coil Recognition 0
Connected coils are recognized the same way as in the Symphony/Avanto systems: by
means of analog coil codes realized with code resistors. But due to the different socket
arrangement, MAGNETOM ESSENZA uses the different PIN connections in the socket,
which means the MAGNETOM ESSENZA coil control circuitry cannot recognize the Sym-
phony/Avanto local coils without the proper convertor.
Shock Indicators 0
Coils are exposed to heavy mechanical stress through daily usage and thus susceptible to
defects through wear and tear as well as possible misuse. Shock indicators are placed on
each of the hard-cased coils, i.e., those coils with hard shells, to indicate whether a coil was
exposed to excessive mechanical stress.
Amplifiers 0
Each receive coil element is equipped with a low noise preamplifier to maximize sig-
nal-to-noise ratio.
Sheath Currents 0
RF traps have been included in the coils as well as in the connecting cables to suppress
cable shield currents arising from the electrical field of the body coil. These currents, if not
suppressed, will in turn create an RF field which will interfere with the MR experiment.

Matrix Coils 67
Mode Matrix 7.3
A key feature for all matrix coils, except the PA matrix coil, is that they are not delivering
signals from individual coil elements to the system, but rather combinations from two or
three coil elements. To this end, the signals of these elements are fed into a so-called mode
matrix, where they are combined to two or three orthogonal (in the mathematical sense)
signals. For example, three coil elements arranged in the left-right direction of the patient
are considered. The corresponding three signals are called L, M and R for left, middle and
right, respectively. The first output signal of the mode matrix, or primary mode (P), corre-
sponds to the CP signal of a loop and butterfly antenna design which is commonly used as
a CP coil element. The second output signal or secondary mode (S), is a combination of
the signals from the left and right coil elements. The third output signal, or tertiary mode
(T), corresponds to the reverse CP signal, i.e., the signal of a CP element which is sensitive
to the reverse CP components. Since the output signals of the mode matrix are orthogonal,
no information or energy is lost.
Fig. 29: Mode Matrix

The signals of the original coil elements could be recovered if needed. The reason and
advantage for the use of mode signals instead of the original coil element signals is the
more efficient use of receiver channels: If no parallel imaging acquisition (iPAT) is used, the
primary mode is sufficient and only one instead of three receiver channels have to be used
in this case.
Higher modes can be selected in order to obtain enhanced parallel imaging capability or to
gain higher signal-to-noise ratio in the periphery of the field of view.

68 Matrix Coils
The Matrix Notation 7.4
Fig. 30: Tim Nomenclature

25 - There are 2 coil plugs (plug 1 and plug 2) on the patient table for head & neck coil,
body array, PA coil and other available local coils. There is another connector on the body
coil for the fixed spine array. It is possible to connect up to 25 coil elements (10+6+9). So
all these elements can be seamlessly integrated into one single examination.
8 - There are 8 independent RF receiver channels.
Fig. 31: Matrix Coil Overview

Matrix Coils 69
Head Matrix Coil 7.5
The head matrix coil is a 6-element receive-only coil. The 6 elements are arranged in one
ring of 6 elements around the head. For positioning the patient, the upper part of the head
matrix is completely removable. Therefore, 3 of these elements are in the lower part, and
3 elements are in the removable upper part. All matching circuits and pre-amplifiers are
located in the lower part of the head array; the upper part and lower part of the head array
should be connected together by plugs, meaning: 6 low-resistance connectors should be
used to connect the lower and upper parts.
Two fixation devices can be used to immobilize the head. A mirror can be attached to the
head array so that the patient can look outside the bore. Viewing to either the front or back
of the magnet is supported.
The mode matrix implementation for this coil is to connect 3 adjacent elements of the 6-ele-
ment ring to a mode matrix. When only the primary modes are selected for examination,
the coil behaves like a 2-element array coil: one element in the anterior and the other one
in the posterior part.
Applications include, among others:
• Head examination
• MR angiography
• Combined head/neck examination
Fig. 32: Head Coil Array

70 Matrix Coils
Fig. 33: MAGNETOM ESSENZA Head Coil Construction

Matrix Coils 71
Neck Matrix Coil 7.6
The neck matrix coil is a 4-element receive-only coil. Two of these elements are in the lower
part, and two are in the removable upper part. The upper part connects to the lower one.
When positioning the patient, the upper part is completely removable. The lower part of the
coil can be used by itself. Mechanically, the neck array coils fits to the head array coil on
one side and to the fixed spine array coil on the other side.
The mode matrix implementation for this coil is the CP mode as the primary one, and the
reverse CP mode as the secondary one. When only the primary mode is selected for exam-
ination, the coil behaves like a 2-element array coil with one upper and one lower element.
NOTE Although the neck coil uses the same coil connector as the
Symphony local coils, the neck matrix coil CANNOT be used
on the Symphony system!

• Neck
• Larynx/Esophagus
• Cervical Spine
• MR Angiography
• Mediastinum
Fig. 34: Neck Coil Array

72 Matrix Coils
Fig. 35: MAGNETOM ESSENZA Neck Coil Construction

Matrix Coils 73
Fixed Spine Array 7.7
Different from the conventional spine array design used for the Avanto or Symphony sys-
tem, the spine array for MAGNETOM ESSENZA is fixed to the body coil cover and does
not move together with the patient table. It is therefore called a fixed spine array that is
placed under the patient table.
The fixed spine array is a 9-element receive-only coil. The 9 elements are stacked in 3 clus-
ters along the head-feed direction with each cluster consisting of 3 coil elements in left-right
direction.
There are only 6 RF output channels available for 9 coil elements of the fixed spine array,
so the 9 loop element signals have to be converted into 3 CP and 3 LR signals by a 3 mode
matrices.
Fig. 36: MAGNETOM ESSENZA Fixed Spine Coil

74 Matrix Coils
Fig. 37: MAGNETOM ESSENZA Fixed Spine Coil Construction

• High resolution imaging of the whole spine
• Combination with various coils

Matrix Coils 75
Body Matrix Coil 7.8
Fig. 38: Body Matrix Coil

The body matrix coil is a six-element receive-only coil. The six elements are stacked in two
groups along the head-feed direction with each group consisting of three elements in the
left-right direction.
The mode matrix implementation for this coil is to connect the three elements of one ele-
ment group to a mode matrix. When only the primary mode is selected for examination, the
coil behaves like a two-element CP array coil.
Fig. 39: Body Matrix Coil Construction

The body array coil is similar to the 6-channel body array coil with several improvements.

76 Matrix Coils
• The body array coil for MAGNETOM ESSENZA can be used only in one direction,
which means the coil cannot be rotated 180 degrees by the user with respect to the
anterior-posterior direction.
Applications include:
• High resolution imaging of thorax (including heart), abdomen and pelvis

Matrix Coils 77
Peripheral Angio Coil 7.9
The coil is practically the same as the Harmony/Symphony coil. Connector and some inter-
nal adaptations for the MAGNETOM ESSENZA coil interface were made.
Fig. 40: Peripheral Angio Coil

This coil can be used in both directions for feet-first and head-first examinations.
Fig. 41: Peripheral Angio Coil Construction

Applications include:
• High resolution imaging of thorax (including heart), abdomen and pelvis
• MR Angiography
• Combination with various coils

78 Matrix Coil Connectors
8-
General
8Matrix Coil Connectors
The next few pages provide the coil connector pin-out diagrams with associated signal
tables and some details about the switch box. For MAGNETOM ESSENZA, the local coils
(except fixed spine array) will be connected to the RF system via two sockets on the mag-
net side of the patient table. Each of these local coil sockets consists of 8 RF lines. These
16 RF lines total will be combined to 8 RF-channels by the switch box and then sent to the
RCCS_60. The fixed spine array is connected to the system via an additional plug located
on the inner side of the body coil.
Fig. 42: Fixed Spine Array Position

Matrix Coil Connectors 79
Local Coil Connection Sockets 8.1
Fig. 43: MAGNETOM ESSENZA Patient Table and Local Coil Sockets Position
Fig. 44: MAGNETOM ESSENZA Local Coil Connector

Tab. 27 Pin assignment for local coil socket: plug 1 and plug 2
Signal Name Pin Description

PIN1 1 I=100 mA (to 12V) Reverse V = -30V

Signal Name Pin Description

PIN GND 1 9
PIN GND 2 10
PIN GND 3 11
PIN GND 4 12
Code2/Low Nibble 14 Code resistor *
Code GND 15
16
Code1/High nibble 17 Coil code high nibble for MAGNETOM
ESSENZA
PIN GND 5 18
19
20
RX1 A1 Rx Coax Connector
A9

Matrix Coil Connectors 81
Switch Box 8.2
Fig. 45: Switch Box Location

The switch box is actually an RF multiplexer inside the patient table for local coils connector
1,2.
The local coil cables are connected to RCCS_60 and RFIS_60 on the one side and to the
switch box on the other side by using two RF trap cables. The switch box has 8 RF chan-
nels(RF 1~8) and 2 plug sockets (socket 1 and socket 2) for the local coil. The 8 RF chan-
nels can work simultaneously and through the control of RFIS_60, the switch box can
switch between the two plugs.
Fig. 46: MAGNETOM ESSENZA Switch Box Inside
The pins from the two sockets correspond to each other in reverse order as shown in (Fig
5/Fig. 46 / p. 81). Therefore, every time the switch box controlled by RFIS_60 must decide
which signal can enter the RF channels, for example (socket 1 signal 1 or socket 2 signal
8). Moreover, there are only 4 control signals for all 8 switches in the switch box, therefore

the 8 RF output signals can be regarded as 4 groups of output signals. For example, signal
1,2 of socket 1 should be switched to output at the same time, or signal 7,8 of socket 2
should be switched at the same time.
Fig. 47: Diagram of Signal Choosing in the Switch Box

Service Plug 83
9-
General
9Service Plug
Layout 0
Fig. 48:
NOTE The service plug used in MAGNETOM ESSENZA retains most

of the features from Avanto; there is an additional bridge
between pin 13 and pin 17.

84 Service Plug
Features 0
• Automatic evaluation of measured voltages and currents, such as 10V preamplifier volt-
age and bias current and reverse bias voltage for the PIN diodes. Every channel is eval-
uated separately from the others.
• Besides automatic evaluation, manual measurements at external test points are still
possible.
• Allows checking the 10V preamplifiers under normal and extended load conditions (nor-
mal/maximum current).
• Helps to find wrong cabling between RF electronics on the magnet (RCCS_60,
RFIS_60) and the coil connectors on the patient table by use of semi-automatic/interac-
tive test tools.
• Enables you to troubleshoot sporadic errors such as broken cables in the patient table
via error latches; also detects interrupts of ground wires separately for each channel.
• Offers the possibility of connecting external 50-Ohm terminators to the LC-TX path to
increase the maximum allowed power (Not For MAGNETOM ESSENZA System due
to the receive-only local coil).
• Allows you to measure the voltage used for coil code detection.
• Does not need any separate power supply, everything is supplied by the MR system.
Components 0
• Service plug with two cables: one 6/8-channel plug and one 4-channel plug
• Auxiliary plug for TTX signal
• BNC cable for TTX signal
• Suitcase for transport

Service Plug 85
Control Panel 9.1
Rx/Pre Amp Voltage 0
10 V OK Green LEDs to indicate the pre-amp voltage of the corresponding RX

channel is included in the specifications (specification 9.4V - 10.9V, in
service plug 8.7V - 11.8V).
Present Yellow LEDs to indicate that some pre-amp voltage of the corresponding
RX channel is present. No specification check, lower voltage results in
less brightness. LEDs start to glow at approx. 3V and are bright between
5 and 7V.
RX TP, GND Sockets/test points for voltmeter, values measured between 7.9V and
11.0V are OK. Due to the internal structure of the service plug, the mea-
sured voltage differs from the real voltage of the coil plug by approx.
0.75V - 1V. Unused channels (e.g., channel 7 and 8 with a 6-channel
plug) will also show a voltage: approx. 1.1V/5.5V without/with maximum
load.
Channel 1 ... 8 Label to identify the correct channel.
NOTE The 10V of RX channel 1 supplies the Rx/Pre Amp section

with power. When the channel has no voltage either, the com-
plete Rx/Pre Amp section will be dark. The 10V of RX channel
2 supplies the PIN section with power. When RX channel 2
has no voltage, the complete PIN section will be dark as well.
PIN 0
108 mA OK Yellow LEDs to indicate the bias current of the corresponding PIN chan-
nel is within specification (specification 101 - 115mA, in service plug 88 -
131.5mA).
-30V OK Green LEDs to indicate the reverse bias voltage of the corresponding PIN
channel is within specification (specification -31.3V through -27.7V, in
service plug -33.9V through -25.6V).
PIN TP, GND Sockets/test points for voltmeter current: Measurement values between
0.65V and 0.87V are OK, representing 95 to 120mA. voltage: Measure-
ment values between -31.3V and -27.7V are OK. Unused channels (e.g.
channel 7 and 8 with a 6-channel plug) will also show a voltage: approx.
2.3V with reverse bias voltage and approx. 0.98V with bias current.
Channel 1 ... Label to identify the correct channel.
8

86 Service Plug
NOTE Sometimes the LEDs can not be lightened due to the ineffi-
cient voltage level. In that case, it is better to measure the
PINs directly by voltage meter.
Mode 0
TX Normal mode of the service plug, for both transmit and receive with the
service plug. Results in coil code "CC".
RX RX mode of the service plug, to transmit with body coil and receive with
the service plug/pick-up coil. Results in coil code "CD".
Coil Code 0
Code 1 / High Nibble Sense line for first part of the coil code (high nibble, with service
plug in TX and RX mode, this is the left "C").
Code 2 / Low Nibble Sense line for second part of the coil code (low nibble, with service
plug in TX mode, this is the right "C", and in RX mode the "D").
Coil Code TP, GND Sockets/test points for voltmeter. Approx. values for coil code "CC"
is 7.8V for both sockets.

Service Plug 87
Controls 9.2
Max. Load 0
Switches the load condition of the 10V supplies in the RCCS_60 between "normal" (10 -
20mA) and "maximum" (approx. 70mA). The measured values at the test points will change
with the position of this switch by approx. 0.6V and depends on the length of the cables.
NOTE The 10V of RX channel 2 supplies the PIN section with power.
Thus a normal load condition is not possible here. Addition-
ally, the measured voltage via RX-TP will always be quite low.
The normal setting is "Max. Load ON".
Latch 0
The latches are intended for troubleshooting sporadic errors caused by breaks in the
cables from the RCCS_60 and RFIS_60 to the coil connectors. Breaks in both the ground
and the live wire can be detected.
This switch in the PIN section allows you to enable or disable the error latch. This is nec-
essary for testing the RFIS_60 via TestTools that would not be possible otherwise.
The normal setting is "disabled".
Latch Reset 0
Resets the error condition latches of the corresponding section (Rx/Pre Amp or PIN).
In the Rx/Pre Amp section, the latch cannot be enabled or disabled since this is not neces-
sary. Therefore, after the service plug is plugged in, the latch there has to be reset. In the
PIN section, this is only necessary if the latch is enabled.
Mode 0
Toggle switch for TX/RX mode with corresponding coil code CC/CD.
Coil code "CC" behaves like the old service plug and simulates a Tx/Rx coil (both transmit
and receive with the service plug), whereas coil code "CD" simulates an Rx coil only (trans-
mit with body coil and receive with the service plug). This mode is intended for use with an
external pick-up coil (e.g., simple loop coil), e.g., for spike troubleshooting.
The normal setting is "TX mode".

88 Service Plug
Connections 9.3
TX1 Out, TX2 Out 0
Possibility of connecting an external 50-Ohm power attenuator to the LC-TX path to

increase the maximum allowed power (Does not apply to MAGNETOM ESSENZA sys-
tem due to the receive-only local coils).
Int. 50 Ohm (not designed for MAGNETOM ESSENZA system) 0
Internal 50Ohm termination resistors also transmit RF power to the service plug (plug sim-
ulates a Tx coil, same as for MAGNETOM Harmony/Symphony).
TTX IN 0
For the input of test signal TTX that is necessary for the TestTools where the auxiliary plug
is used (RCCS_60 plug tests).
The input can also be used for pick-up coils without a built-in preamplifier.

Service Plug 89
Notes on use 9.4
General 0
CAUTION Connecting both the 6/8-channel plug and the 4-channel plug
at the same time may damage the service plug.
Irreversible damage to the service plug could result if the
plugs are connected for a long time. A few seconds up to one
minute is no problem.
¹ Never connect both the 6/8-channel plug and the
4-channel plug at the same time.
• Never have external cables (e.g., for DVM, oscilloscope) connected when performing
RF measurements with the service plug. The results would be incorrect.
• The normal setting of the control is "TX mode", "Latch disabled" and "Max. Load ON" or
"Max. Load OFF" (does not matter).
Rx/Pre Amp Voltage section 0
• After plug-in of the service plug, the latches have to be reset if display of the LEDs is
required. In case the latch of the PIN section is disabled (normal setting), this is only
necessary for the latch of the Rx/Pre Amp section.
• The 10V of RX-channel 1 supplies the Rx/Pre Amp section with power. When the chan-
nel has no voltage, the complete section will also be dark.
• Unused channels (e.g. channel 7 and 8 with a 6-channel-plug) will also show a voltage:
approx. 1.1V without load and 5.5V with maximum load.
• The values measured at the RX test points will change with the position of the Max Load
switch by approx. 0.6V and depend on the length of the cables.
PIN section 0
• The 10V of RX channel 2 supplies the PIN section with power.

- A normal load condition is not possible here.
- The voltages measured via RX-TP will always be quite low.
- When RX channel 2 has no voltage, the complete PIN section will be dark as well.
• Unused channels (e.g., channel 7 and 8 with a 6-channel-plug) will also show a volt-
age: approx. 2.3V with reverse bias voltage and approx. 0.98V with bias current.
• PIN_GND_1 is used as a reference ground. This may result in small differences (some
mV) when comparing with PIN_GND_2, PIN_GND_3 or PIN_GND_4.
• In bias current mode if PIN_GND_1 is missing, channel one and two will be dark. With
PIN_GND_2, it will be channel three and four, with PIN_GND_3 channel five and six,
and with PIN_GND_4 channel seven and eight.

90 Service Plug
Pick-up coil 0
• Pick-up coils can be connected to TTX IN or RX-TP and GND (every channel, channel 1
is preferred).
• Pick-up coils connected to RX-TP and GND have to block the 10V coming from the
RCCS_60 either by using an internal preamplifier or a capacitor, otherwise a connec-
tion between RX-TP and GND may result in a shortcut of the 10V.
• Pick-up coils connected to TTX IN do not need to have this, no 10 V are available here.
The disadvantage is that an additional attenuation (6-10 dB) has to be taken into
account due to the service plug's internal structure.
TestTools 0
• The test results with the RCCS_60 plug tests differ from system to system, depending
on the length of the RF cables (additional attenuation). In addition, the results from the
head and the feet end of the patient table differ by approx. 10%.
• If you measure the PIN diode voltages and currents using the RFIS_60 test, it is no
problem to keep the test running on the same coil connector as long as necessary.

Changes to previous version 91
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92 Changes to previous version


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Print No.: M4-060.850.14.01.02 English

Document revision level

MAGNETOM M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 2 of 92 Siemens

1 _______ Introduction ____________________________________________________ 6

2 _______ RF Signal Unit (RFSU) ___________________________________________ 12

3 _______ RF power amplifier (DORA) ______________________________________ 27

4 _______ RF Application System (RFAS)____________________________________ 30

Siemens M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 3 of 92 MAGNETOM

5 _______ Body Coil _____________________________________________________ 44

6 _______ RF Infrastructure (RFIS_60) ______________________________________ 47

7 _______ Matrix Coils____________________________________________________ 64

MAGNETOM M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 4 of 92 Siemens

Detuning and Safety Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

8 _______ Matrix Coil Connectors __________________________________________ 78

9 _______ Service Plug __________________________________________________ 83

10 ______ Changes to previous version _____________________________________ 91

Siemens M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 5 of 92 MAGNETOM

MAGNETOM M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 6 of 92 Siemens

RF System Components Overview 1.1

NOTE In the future, the modulator and synthesizer will be inte-

MAGNETOM M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 8 of 92 Siemens

Siemens M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 9 of 92 MAGNETOM

MAGNETOM M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 10 of 92 Siemens

Siemens M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 11 of 92 MAGNETOM

The RFSU is a modular system consisting of three components:

NOTE In the future, the modulator and synthesizer boards will be

MAGNETOM M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 12 of 92 Siemens

Fig. 2: RFSU Front Side Layout

Siemens M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 13 of 92 MAGNETOM

Fig. 3: Modulator Block Diagram

MAGNETOM M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 14 of 92 Siemens

The digitally modulated single side-band pulse SSB_DIG1_TX generated on the

Signal Description Level

Siemens M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 15 of 92 MAGNETOM

Output Function Level

Dip switches (only modulator with part no, 100 18 301) 0

Tab. 3 Modulator Switches

Dip switch Description

Attenuation LED 6db LED 12db

MAGNETOM M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 16 of 92 Siemens

Tab. 5 Modulator Specifications

Siemens M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 17 of 92 MAGNETOM

Fig. 4: Synthesizer Block Diagram

MAGNETOM M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 18 of 92 Siemens

Operating voltages of +6.5 and 15 V.

Signal Description Level

Tab. 7 Synthesizer LEDs

Siemens M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 19 of 92 MAGNETOM

Fig. 5: Receiver Block Diagram

MAGNETOM M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 20 of 92 Siemens

Tab. 8 Receiver inputs

Signal Description Level

Tab. 9 Receiver outputs

Siemens M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 21 of 92 MAGNETOM

MAGNETOM M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 22 of 92 Siemens

Fig. 6: Transmitter and Receiver

Siemens M4-060.850.14.01.02 Page 23 of 92 MAGNETOM

1 _ Introduction ______________________________________________ 6

2 _ RF Signal Unit (RFSU) _____________________________________ 12

3 _ RF power amplifier (DORA) ________________________________ 27

4 _ RF Application System (RFAS)______________________________ 30

5 _ Body Coil _______________________________________________ 44

7 _ Matrix Coils______________________________________________ 64

8 _ Matrix Coil Connectors ____________________________________ 78

9 _ Service Plug ____________________________________________ 83

10 Changes to previous version _______________________________ 91