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It marked the beginning of the dominance of the English navy, making them a world power. The
Spanish artillery was nowhere near as good as the English’. These two fleets were also dispersed by
storms. The war between England and Spain ended in 1604. Eventually, the fleet was far off the
leeward side of the Calais prone to the rising winds of Southwestern. The Spanish could not use the
English way of battle because their ships relied on the wind for speed and direction. Starting with the
conspiracy theories of course, some historians believe God help the English defeat the Spanish
armada. If you like this resource then why not check out my other resources on this topic in my TES
shop. Dunkirk was chosen because it is a port that directly faces Kent. The Duke of Parma was to
assemble an army of 30,000 soldiers at Dunkirk and prepare enough barges to carry his troops across
to England. None of the Spanish ships was damaged, but some of the sips broke the crescent
formation. Tensions between Spain and England flared in the 1580s, after Elizabeth began allowing
privateers such as Sir Francis Drake to conduct pirate raids on Spanish fleets carrying treasure from
their rich New World colonies. Nearly 20,000 sailors lost their lives, mainly to disease and starvation.
The Spanish fighter ships would assist Parma’s invasion force on their journey across the channel.
The only chance the messenger boats got to travel faster than the Armada was when the Armada was
at battle. It wasn't just the ships that could have been superior it was the tactics. Understand: Why
was the Spanish Armada defeated in 1588. Philip left this task to his trusty acquaintance, the Duke
of Parma, Governor of the Spanish Netherlands. The Spanish Armada regrouped in the North Sea,
but strong winds prevented it from returning to the Channel. For example, Elizabeth instructed Sir
Francis Drake to lead raids on Spanish embargoes. ENGLISH VICTORY The English decisively
defeated the Spanish. By August 6, the Armada had successfully dropped anchor at Calais Roads on
the coast of France, where Medina-Sidonia hoped to rendezvous with the Duke of Parma’s invasion
army. But the fleet was disrupted by storms, and a large number of the ships were wrecked on the
coasts of Scotland and Ireland. Anyway, as there is some replication between resources, I am gong
to throw all rationale out of the window and offer you everything for the knock down price of ?5.99.
Now that is a steal so click buy before I change my mind. Stormy weather plagues them for the rest
of the voyage. However, The Spanish were still eager for any chance to kill Elizabeth and restore
England to its Catholic roots, as well as to depleate a powerful and strong trading enemy.They were
given this chance when it was made clear that Sir Francis Walsingham had been intercepting
messages to and from Mary, whilst she was under imprisonment, in order to frame her. The Fall of
The Spanish Armada When Queen Elizabeth I took over the English throne around 1558, the nation
was weak and disoriented. The English ships had great maneuvering capability that helped the
English navy defend their coastal waters. However the Spanish army had been prevented from
leaving the Netherlands by the English and Dutch. He was to establish a large army in the
Netherlands and prepare them to invade England. The English took the decision to unleash fire ships
against the Spanish in order to scatter their fleet.
The weather was perhaps one of the most decisive factors, battering the Armada even before it
reached England and blowing it off course. It began the decline of Spanish power and dominance
over Western Europe. New York: Random House, 2005. Print. R. Arthur. The Defeat of the Spanish
Armada. Queen Elizabeth I of England was determined to do all within her power to keep England
purely Protestant. History of England - From the Fall of Wolsey to the Defeat of the Spanish Armada
- Vol I: Henry the Eighth. This resource hasn't been reviewed yet To ensure quality for our reviews,
only customers who have purchased this resource can review it Report this resource to let us know if
it violates our terms and conditions. They were afraid that they would explode at any second, and so
cut their cables, leaving the anchors and fled. Our customer service team will review your report and
will be in touch. ?3.00 (no rating) 0 reviews BUY NOW Save for later ?3.00 (no rating) 0 reviews
BUY NOW Save for later Last updated 11 May 2018 Share this Share through email Share through
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reviews Not the right resource. Following the death of Henry’s son Edward VI in 1553, Mary Tudor,
daughter of Katherine of Aragon and Henry VIII, became queen. This resource hasn't been reviewed
yet To ensure quality for our reviews, only customers who have purchased this resource can review it
Report this resource to let us know if it violates our terms and conditions. To what extent has the
truth about the Spanish Inquisition been distorted? Let us write or edit the research paper on your
topic. England supported Portugal and were allies of the Portuguese. The Duke of Parma was to
assemble an army of 30,000 soldiers at Dunkirk and prepare enough barges to carry his troops across
to England. The queen of England informed the nation of the possible war with Spain. At the time
Spain was already an established world power. She was a fervent Catholic who earned the title
“Bloody Mary” because of her ruthless persecution of Protestants. Over the next several days, the
English continued to harass the Spanish Armada as it charged toward the English Channel. The fire
ships may have contributed to the cause of the defeat but I believe that the weather defeated the
Armada. The Spanish Armada consisted of 130 ships, while England had almost 200 ships. He was
Spain’s veteran and accomplished captain in the battles of Terceira and Lepanto. In contrary to the
plan, the Duke of Medina Sidonia sailed past the anchor heading towards the Isle of Wight. Dunkirk
was chosen because it is a port that directly faces Kent. Spain, then the most powerful and wealthy
country in the world, had been beaten, and was now in decline. Please contact the gallery or
collection for more information. Phillip was a strong Roman Catholic, and the Spanish inquisition
treated Protestants and other religious groups such as Jews very harshly. The Spaniards gun crew did
not have the skills of reloading the guns once they fired, and they had little chance of trying the same
in the battle. The clash also established the superiority of heavy cannons in naval combat, signaling
the dawn of a new era in warfare at sea. Speech to the Troops at Tilbury With the Spanish Armada
threatening invasion at any moment, English troops gathered near the coast at Tilbury in Essex to
ward off a land attack. They also readied an early warning system consisting of dozens of coastal
beacons that would light fires to signal the approach of the Spanish fleet.
This forced the Spanish to anchor off of Calais, France on the 27th. Following years of hostilities
between Spain and England, King Philip II of Spain assembled the flotilla in the hope of removing
Protestant Queen Elizabeth I from the throne and restoring the Roman Catholic faith in England.
Most of the ships had severely damages and displayed signs of wear from the long voyage. Although
this was an important accomplishment, the story has descended into legend (as happens so often in
history), and this has resulted in Drake sometimes being accredited with single-handedly defeating
the Spanish Armada. This meant that the rendezvous between the Spanish army and navy could not
take place. They wrote to Medina “Do not depress us with fears for the fate of the Armada, because
in such a case, God will make sure it succeeds”. It has been suggested that the Spanish ships were not
equipped with the right cannonballs for the guns on board their ships and were therefore unable to
fire on the English ships that attacked them. In addition to these acts, the queen ordered the
execution of Mary, her protestant rival in February 1587. The Spanish fleet was in panic, believing
that the ships were the hell-burners, which had proved to be very effective in the Siege of Antwerp.
England Prepares for Invasion It was impossible for Spain to hide the preparations for a fleet as large
as the Armada, and by 1587, Elizabeth’s spies and military advisors knew an invasion was in the
works. You can unsubscribe from our mailing list at any time. The English used the time bought by
the raid on Cadiz to shore up their defenses and prepare for invasion. The Dutch and the English
ships were approaching in pursuit of the Armada at the anchor, but Medina Sidonia declined to attack
preserving the ships for his protection. However, the Diamond 9 activity is designed to develop the
higher order thinking skills of upper ability students. It is about the circumnavigation of the globe by
a spanish team. The Spanish shot their cannons about two to three times a day. By using this website
you are agreeing to the use of cookies. At the time, in 1586, Spain was a global superpower. When
the wind changed direction, the Spanish felt a relief, as they relied on the wind to steer them. The
fleet was not just warships but cargo ships, merchant ships, hulks, galleons, galleasses and galleys.
Why did the Rump Parliament fail to provide lasting and stable government i. Shop and other stuff
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This History Rocks. It also meant that some of the Spanish ships were less robust and less able to
weather-out storms than they may have been able to otherwise. Let us write or edit the research paper
on your topic. This was seen by the Spanish as the last straw and an out and out act of war. A
wondrous decorative ornament inspired by the armillary sphere astronomical instrument. The
Armada, under the leadership of Median Sidonia, sailed back to the homeward in retreat. I have
produced several different versions of this resource including a Card Sort, Market Place Activity and
a Diamond 9 Activity, which can be purchased separately or in a very cost effective bundle which
will allow you to differentiate across your low,,middle and higher ability groups. The Spanish had
the strongest army in Europe and the English defences were not exactly good. The English sea
captains like Drake stole these cargoes and their ships regularly.
However, the Armada was delayed by an English attack on a Spanish harbour in 1587 where Drake
made off with gold treaures and destroyed over 100 Spanish ships. You must be 16 years or older
and a resident of the United States. The coast where Parma's army were waiting the coast was very
shallow and not a very steep gradient at all. He also states that the English had many tricks up their
sleeves that helped them to win. The initial plan to invade England had been delayed by unfavorable
weather until 1588 (Konstam 59). The wind would have made it difficult to sail in the Channel, on
the other hand the way that he went he lost about 18 ships overnight, because of the storms. By the
time the last ship got back to Spain there were only 63 ships left. He was to establish a large army in
the Netherlands and prepare them to invade England. The Royal coat of arms shows the English Lion
and the Welsh Dragon representing the Tudor element of the monarchy. They were to carry 20,000
Spanish soldiers, food, drink, guns, gunpowder, cannons, horses, mules, and all other necessary
equipment. Elizabeth I 1558 -1603 The armada set sail in 1588. The Spanish Armada regrouped in
the North Sea, but strong winds prevented it from returning to the Channel. Indeed, Drake had used
this method against the Spanish before 1588. Around the 1500s, there was huge conflicts over
religion, Catholic verses Protestant. With his ego bruised, this was the first of many disagreements
that Phillip and Elizabeth experienced during their conflicting reigns. Fireships Scatter the Armada
Desperate to prevent the Spanish from uniting their forces, Howard and Drake devised a last-ditch
plan to scatter the Armada. In this way, it is hard to determine which factor was the most important,
as they were all contingent on each other. With a very capable leader and a strong navy, England was
emerging on the international stage. Shop and other stuff 4.81 35 reviews Not the right resource.
They also had 163 other ships, only 30 of which carried up to 42 guns. The plan was very simple, but
could have been deadly if it had worked. The key battle occurred off of Gravelines, Flanders. Write
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England Prepares for Invasion Spanish Armada Sets Sail Fireships Scatter the Armada Battle of
Gravelines Speech to the Troops at Tilbury Bad Weather Besets the Armada Defeat of the Spanish
Armada Sources The Spanish Armada was an enormous 130-ship naval fleet dispatched by Spain in
1588 as part of a planned invasion of England. The phrase remains popular today as a reminder of
the aftermath of the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588. Starting with the conspiracy theories of
course, some historians believe God help the English defeat the Spanish armada. Starting in 1576,
Elizabeth sent money, weapons and soldiers to aid the revolt. But if you see something that doesn't
look right, click here to contact us. She was a fervent Catholic who earned the title “Bloody Mary”
because of her ruthless persecution of Protestants.
Trade and commerce was thriving and the England ships were encompassing the territory, further
across to the West Indies. Their ships had model that allowed them to carry large cargo for storage of
supplies for long sailing trips plus other necessary equipments for land once the sailors reached their
destiny (Mattingly 165). The armada could not sail any closer to meet Parma’s men as the Dutch had
removed all the navigation buoys and markers from the sandbanks along the Fleming coast. Spain
had planned to send their fleet from Flanders(Netherlands). See other similar resources ?3.00 (no
rating) 0 reviews BUY NOW Save for later Not quite what you were looking for. In the letter to the
king, he wrote, “only a miracle could save the Armada”. On his way to Cadiz, a Spanish port, Drake
and his fleet had damaged a significant amount of Spanish ships and stolen enough Spanish supplies
to push them to Lisbon. The Spanish Armada: The Spanish fleet under the Duke of Medina Sidonia
sailed against England in 1588. They were to carry 20,000 Spanish soldiers, food, drink, guns,
gunpowder, cannons, horses, mules, and all other necessary equipment. That April, the Queen
authorized Francis Drake to make a preemptive strike against the Spanish. Spanish Armada is a topic
which is all too often rushed and not given the attention that it deserves, yet it is every bit as
important as the Battle of Britain or the Norman Conquest. Henry VIII of England had quarrelled
with the Catholic Church and established the Protestant Anglican church. Elizabeth was giving a safe
haven for the Dutch individuals who were harassing Spanish ships. Elizabeth was very ambitious and
followed her father’s religion, protestant. The wind would have made it difficult to sail in the
Channel, on the other hand the way that he went he lost about 18 ships overnight, because of the
storms. By the time the last ship got back to Spain there were only 63 ships left. The English took the
decision to unleash fire ships against the Spanish in order to scatter their fleet. She was also unwilling
to take advice from the English nobles. Shortly after, the King called for the Spanish Armada to be
assembled, in retaliation to the sheer act of aggression from the British. Philip wanted to overthrow
Elizabeth and install her Catholic cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots, in her place. The Armada was
sailing in the wind and was going to be run aground, they couldn't turn round because they were
being followed by the English. Parma had been waging war against the English Protestants. The
ships were also more manoueverable than the heavy Spanish vessels. Its ships were more
manoeuvrable, more stable and carried more guns than the larger Spanish vessels. The Armada was
supposed to take the army to invade England. The same year, Philip started preparing for his war
against England. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us. New York:
Osprey Publishing, 2009. Print. Mattingly, Garrett. The Defeat of the Spanish Armada. The key battle
occurred off of Gravelines, Flanders. This map shows the decisive battle (upper right) between the
English fleet (red) and the much larger Spanish fleet (black) off Gravelines, France, on 8 August
1588. Elizabeth began to encourage and sponsor raids and revolts against Spain.
English Catholics feared that they would be persecuted during her reign. By evening, the wind was
strong and the Spanish expected a further attack at dawn, but as both sides were out of ammunition
none came. That April, the Queen authorized Francis Drake to make a preemptive strike against the
Spanish. They underestimated the army, the speed of the English ships, and the degree of bravery
and loyalty of the English sailors towards their queen and country. They moved their ship building to
the safety of Lisbon. Many wonder why the Armada still holds the name “The Invincible Armada”
or “The Great Armada”. Cross-curricular ideas, further information for study, books, apps and trips.
The Spanish Admiral Medina Sidonia had never commanded a navy and was unhappy about taking
up his post. Several ships sank in the squalls, while others ran aground or broke apart after being
thrown against the shore. The marquis of Santa Cruz was delegated with the initial plan of the
Armada. It wasn't just the ships that could have been superior it was the tactics. He was to establish
a large army in the Netherlands and prepare them to invade England. With his ego bruised, this was
the first of many disagreements that Phillip and Elizabeth experienced during their conflicting
reigns. Queen Elizabeth I obtained her first major victory, helping to solidify her legacy. The
following year, Philip sent another smaller fleet of about 100 ships. It is about the circumnavigation
of the globe by a spanish team. Phillip was a strong Roman Catholic, and the Spanish inquisition
treated Protestants and other religious groups such as Jews very harshly. The Armada may not have
been successful but it was great and at that time only a country like Spain would put so much effort
in for so very little outcome. Unknown to the Spaniards at the time, the English had ran out of
ammunition and due to lack of research did not know the North Sea very well. By doing so his
power would surge, he would expand his empire and what is more, he would have the chance to turn
England Catholic once again. The voyage proved to be disastrous as the Gulf stream moved them
north and east instead of west, a situation that was made worse by the fact that most of the ships had
cut off their anchors at Calais while escaping the English fire ships. It would not be right for a person
like myself, possessing no experience of seafaring or war to take charge of it”. They wrote to Medina
“Do not depress us with fears for the fate of the Armada, because in such a case, God will make sure
it succeeds”. In this way, it is hard to determine which factor was the most important, as they were
all contingent on each other. The fall of the Armada resulted in reinforcement of English nationalism
and establishment of Protestantism as the nation’s religion. Reviews Select overall rating (no rating)
Your rating is required to reflect your happiness. Children's books about the Spanish Armada Find
out more How close did the Spanish come to invading England in 1588. The Spanish declared a
surprise war on England, however, they were defeated for the following reasons. If you like this
resource then why not check out my other resources on this topic in my TES shop. At the time, in
1586, Spain was a global superpower.
The wind, during contact with the Spaniards, proved a very high factor to the victory of the English,
as it forced the opposing ships onto the rocky shores, rendering them either sunken or blown apart. If
Parma’s army had been on time, the armada would have been able to escort them to English shores
and history would have been rewritten. Phillip was angry that Elizabeth had had the nerve to execute
a fellow monarch who was also happened to be a Catholic. By August 6, the Armada had
successfully dropped anchor at Calais Roads on the coast of France, where Medina-Sidonia hoped to
rendezvous with the Duke of Parma’s invasion army. The ships were also more manoueverable than
the heavy Spanish vessels. The Battle of Gravelines led to the loss of five Spanish ships but many
others were badly damaged. This resource hasn't been reviewed yet To ensure quality for our
reviews, only customers who have purchased this resource can review it Report this resource to let us
know if it violates our terms and conditions. They provoked the Spanish naval forces but stayed out
of the one hundred meter range, firing repeatedly to the Spanish Armada and damaging their
broadsides. Get this resource as part of a bundle and save up to 64% A bundle is a package of
resources grouped together to teach a particular topic, or a series of lessons, in one place. The
Spanish ships had a new design that were smaller than the galleons but were heavily armed and faster
in sailing. The weather was perhaps one of the most decisive factors, battering the Armada even
before it reached England and blowing it off course. England supported Portugal and were allies of
the Portuguese. Why did the Rump Parliament fail to provide lasting and stable government i. The
Spanish Armada had lost over 2,000 men during its naval engagements with the English, but its
journey home proved to be far more deadly. The Spanish had the strongest army in Europe and the
English defences were not exactly good. They were practicing trade monopoly and the invasion of
English traders was positively welcomed. The Dutch and English warships were waiting for the
Parma’s navy to attack, off Dunkerque (Konstam 135). The force certainly was not in a fit state to
carry out an invasion and was weeks behind schedule. The Spaniards in the Armada had a meeting
and decided to attack the English ships at the anchor and proceed to attack England. The Spanish
Armada regrouped in the North Sea, but strong winds prevented it from returning to the Channel.
They were soon to be saved though when the wind changed direction. Nevertheless, they still were a
threat to England as the fleet was still significantly big, around one hundred warships. If spotted by
the English fleet they were to attack and destroy them in a battle. She ordered a serious campaign
aimed against the Spanish ships and the Caribbean holdings, placing Frobisher and Drake as the
leaders. To what extent has the truth about the Spanish Inquisition been distorted? History of
England - From the Fall of Wolsey to the Defeat of the Spanish Armada - Vol I: Henry the Eighth.
Explain: Why was the Spanish Armada defeated in 1588? On the night of rest at Gravelines Harbor,
the English fleet attacked and set ships of fire against the spanish. They underestimated the army, the
speed of the English ships, and the degree of bravery and loyalty of the English sailors towards their
queen and country. Spain, a Catholic country, had the blessing of the Pope to try and make England
catholic again.