Republic of the Philippines
Eastern Visayas State University
College of Engineering
Tacloban City
Physics 125: Laboratory Report
Condition of the body In
Rotational Equilibrium
Proponent:
Diaz, Naethan Paul V.
Introduction
Torque is a fundamental physical concept that describes the turning effect of an applied
force on an object. It is a rotational analogue to force, which is responsible for the linear motion
of an object. In simple terms, torque is what makes an object spin around an axis or pivot point,
while force makes it move in a straight line. When an object is in translational motion, a net
force acting on it causes it to accelerate in the direction of the force. However, when an object is
in rotational motion, a net torque acting on it causes it to increase or decrease its rate of rotation
around an axis.
Objectives:
In this experiment, the aim is to understand how to calculate torque caused by a force and
to manipulate one or more forces and their lever arms to achieve static equilibrium in a meter
stick that is balanced on a knife edge. By using the principles of equilibrium, the goal is to
determine the masses of both the meter stick and an unknown object.
Procedure
When conducting a physics experiment, it's important to ensure accuracy in the measurements
taken. In order to do so, it's crucial to set up the apparatus correctly.
1. The first step is to find a stand that is suitable for hanging the meter stick. This stand
should be sturdy and stable, and should allow the meter stick to hang freely from side to
side.
2. Once the stand has been selected, the meter stick should be attached to it securely,
ensuring that it can swing freely. It's important that the meter stick is able to move
without any hindrance, as this will affect the accuracy of the readings.
3. Weights should then be added to both ends of the meter stick. These weights should be
adjusted until the forces acting on the meter stick are balanced, and the meter stick is in
equilibrium. This means that the meter stick is not moving, and that all the forces acting
on it are equal.
4. Once the meter stick is in equilibrium, it's time to gather all the necessary data to
calculate the torque. The formula for torque is T = force x distance. This means that the
experimenters will need to measure the force acting on the meter stick, and the distance
between the point where the force is applied and the point where the meter stick is
suspended.
5. After calculating the torque, it's important to determine the net torque. This will help the
experimenters understand whether the torque is positive or negative, and where it is
directing the rotation.
Results
Table 1:
Object Mass Distance from
(grams) center (40/2=20 in)
Power Bank 243 g / 2.38 N 14.1 in. / 0.35 m
Trial 1
Cellphone 237 g / 2.32 N 15.4 in. / 0.39 m
Wallet 132 g / 1.29 N 15.5 in. / 0.39 m
Trial 2
Eraser 48 g / 0.45 N 5.5 in / 0.13 m
Calculator 120 g / 1.18 N 16.0 in. / 0.15 m
Eraser 48 g / 0.45 N 6.0 in / 0.40 m
SUM 8.07 1.81
Table 2:
Object Torque Net Torque
(Force x Length) (Torque 1 – Torque 2)
Power Bank 2.38 N x 0.35 m = 0.833 Nm 0.833 – 0.9048 = -0.0718 Nm
Trial 1
Cellphone 2.32 N x 0.39 m = 0.9048 Nm (Positive Torque)
Wallet 1.29 N x 0.39 m = 0.5031 Nm 0.05031 – 0.585 = 0.4446 Nm
Trial 2
Eraser 0.45 N x 0.13 m = 0.0585 Nm (Negative Torque)
Calculator 0.45 N x 0.40 m = 0.18 Nm 0.18 – 0.177 = 0.0003 Nm
Trial 3
Eraser 1.18 N x 0.15 m = 0.177 Nm (Negative Torque)
Chart Title
3
2.5
1.5
0.5
0
Powerbank Cellphone Wallet Eraser Calculator Eraser
-0.5
Mass (g) Distance to Center (m)
Torque (Nm) Net Torque
Calculation for
Discussion
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Reflection
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References
Republic of the Philippines
Eastern Visayas State University
College of Engineering
Tacloban City
Physics 125: Laboratory Report
Exercise to Verify the
Work-Energy Theorem
Proponent:
Diaz, Naethan Paul V.
Introduction
In physics, when an object is moved in the direction of a force, energy is transferred from one
object to another. This transfer of energy is what we call work. Let's take lifting an object as an
example. When you lift an object, such as a board or a rubber, you transfer energy to the object,
which is then stored as gravitational potential energy. Gravity is the force acting against the
movement, and it's equal to the object's weight (which is determined by the mass of the object
and the acceleration due to gravity).
When you lift an object at a constant speed, it's said to be in equilibrium because the lifting force
balances the weight of the object. This means that the lifting force is doing work against gravity
to lift the object. The amount of energy required to lift an object to a certain height is given by
the equation Eg = mgh, where Eg is the gravitational potential energy, m is the mass of the
object, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height that the object is lifted to.
This equation is a specific example of the more general equation for work done, which states that
the energy transferred is equal to the force applied multiplied by the distance moved in the
direction of the force. In this case, the force is the lifting force, and the distance moved is the
height that the object is lifted. Therefore, we can conclude that mgh is a particular case of work
done.
Objectives
Calculate the work done against friction in pulling the block up the slope.
Procedure
1. First, you need to weigh the wooden block and write down the mass.
2. Mark the position of the wooden block at the bottom of the slope so that you know where to start.
3. Then, you should add weight to the end of a string and gradually pull the block up the slope until it
just starts to move. Record the weight of the added mass.
4. Once the block comes to a stop, measure how far it has moved up the slope.
5. Use the weight and the distance measurements to calculate the work done in pulling the block up
the slope.
6. Measure the height that the block has been raised to accurately.
7. Finally, use the height and the mass of the block to calculate the gravitational potential energy
gained by the block.
The given apparatus is as displayed on the diagram.
Results
Trial Mass Force Constant Constant Constant Energy Length
Weight Distance Angle Exerted Covered
1 0.1657 kg. 2.609 0.342 kg 1.7 m 78.03 1.05667 25.6
2 0.1342 kg. 2.1620 0.342 kg 1.7 m 78.03 1.01950 30.5
3 0.2176 kg. 3.5057 0.342 kg 1.7 m 78.03 1.62609 30
Conclusion
Relflection
Republic of the Philippines
Eastern Visayas State University
College of Engineering
Tacloban City
Physics 125: Laboratory Report
Verify the elements of
Motion Along Straight Line
Proponent:
Diaz, Naethan Paul V.
Introduction
Objectives
Procedure
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Reflection
Republic of the Philippines
Eastern Visayas State University
College of Engineering
Tacloban City
Physics 125: Laboratory Report
Exercise to Verify the
Work-Energy Theorem
Proponent:
Diaz, Naethan Paul V.
