Energy Management and Engineering Economics
Dr. Mohammad Driedy
Outline of Presentation
Introduction
Conservation Of Energy At Various levels
Major Renewable sources
Energy Efficient Devices
Concept Of Energy Auditing
Energy Conservation
Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
• Energy conservation refers to efforts made to reduce energy
consumption.
• Energy conservation can be achieved through increased efficient
energy use, in conjunction with decreased energy consumption
and/o reduced consumption from conventional energy sources.
• Individuals and organizations that are direct consumers of energy
choose to conserve energy to reduce energy costs and promote
economic security.
• Industrial and commercial users can increase energy use efficiency
to maximize profit.
Conservation Of Energy at various levels:-
Energy conservation at household level
Energy conservation at community level
Energy conservation in industry and other places.
Energy conservation in power system sector
Energy Conservation at household level:-
Energy conservation in major appliances for domestic use:-
• Energy Conservation in Refrigerator
• Energy Conservation in Oven/Microwave Oven
• Energy Conservation in Ironing
• Energy Conservation in Cooking
• Energy Conservation in Washing machine
Energy Conservation During Lighting
Energy Conservation During Cooling
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Energy Conservation at community level:-
All unnecessary lights should be turned off especially when
conference rooms etc. are not in use.
Computers, monitors, photocopiers and other business
equipment's should be set to their energy saving mode.
Skylights should be used for warehouses.
We Should ensure that offices having air conditions have proper
windows and all doors are closed when the air conditioner is in
use.
Energy Conservation at community level:-
Use of Renewable Energy Resources:-
• Alternative resources i.e. renewable energy sources should be used in
place of nonrenewable energy sources e.g. solar energy, biogas, wind
energy etc.
• Solar energy for cooking and heating should promoted.
• Projects involving wind-generated energy for community and
municipal needs should be demonstrated to the whole community.
• Demonstration of biogas programmes is also required to tell people for the
efficient used of it.
.
Major Renewable Energy Sources
Solar Energy
Wind Energy
Hydro Energy
Biomass Energy
Tidal Energy
Geothermal Energy
Bio-fuel
Energy Conservation at community level:-
Energy Conservation At Community Level For Housing Complexes:-
• Installation of photoelectric controls or timers should be used.
• Water pumps should be switched off during peak utility hours
• Only single Elevator/Lift should be operated during “peak” hours
• Training programme about energy efficient repairs should be
organized.
• Locally manufactured, improved cook stoves should be introduced to
reduce charcoal/fuel consumption.
Energy efficient devices
• CFL
• Pressurized steam cooker & Solar cooker
• Natural water cooler is a safe drinking water device which
works on the principle of “cooling by evaporation”. No
external source of energy such as electricity or ice is required.
Energy conservation in industry and other places
Auditing
Process modification
Improved measuring instruments
Energy loss reduction
Light load reduction
CONCEPT OF ENERGY AUDITING:-
Energy auditing is a systematic approach to monitor
industrial energy consumption and to find out the
sources of energy wastage.
The first and most important role of energy auditing is
to identify the areas of energy consumption and to
find the overuse for accessing the opportunity of
saving energy.
Analysis of energy use is done for identifying the areas
of energy consumption.
Energy Conservation in Generation Sector:-
Reduction of fuel consumption:-
Optimum distribution of power between sources.
(we should avoid over or under generation)
(we should use high efficient sources as much as possible)
Conservation by energy demand:-
• Peak demand
• Base demand
Conservation by:
• Reactive power sources
• Using control devices
Development & Design of Power plants:-
Development, design and engineering of
co-generation & captive power plants.
These services are executed with in the
shortest frame of time and meet the
consultation requirements for:
Waste heat recovery from hot gases and
liquids for generation of steam for process use
and power generation.
ENERGY CONSERVATION IN ELECTRICAL MOTORS
𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
Motor Efficiency =( 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 ) X100%
Watt Losses:
• Stator & rotor losses
• Iron Losses
• Friction & Windage losses
• Stray Load losses
Energy Waste- Causes:
• Use of less efficient motors
• Improper supply voltage
• Voltage f luctuations
• Poor power factor
• Less efficient driven
equipment
By supplying proper voltage
and running the motor on
proper load, the efficiency of
the motor can be increased.
Energy Policy – Short term
Maximize returns from the electrical systems.
Reduce losses in electrical network and in end use.
Initiate action to reduce energy intensity of different
consuming sectors and promote conservation through
organizational and financial measures
Initiate steps to meet the basic energy need of rural and
urban households so as to reduce the existing inequities.
Maximize satisfaction of demand for energy from
different resources (renewable sources)
Energy Policy – Medium term
Progressive steps to substitute petroleum products by
natural gas and electricity.
Action for accelerated development of all renewable energy
resources especially solar potential.
Promote programmes to achieve self-reliance in energy
sector.
Create appropriate organizational changes in consistent
with the over all energy strategy
Energy Policy – Long term
Promote an energy supply system, largely based on
renewable sources of energy.
Promote technologies of production, transportation
and use of energy that are environmental friendly and
cost effective
Advantages:-
Energy conservation can result in increased financial
capital, environmental quality, national security,
personal security, and human comfort.
Energy efficiency saves money.
It is environmental friendly.
It improves indoor air quality.
Longer life span to appliances.
Conclusions
• Energy is in short supply in Palestine , and is expensive, especially for
industry.
• Management of Energy Resources is a important part of power
system.So as to save natural resources the conservation of energy has
to done at different levels i.e. at social and commercial level.
• With use of more energy efficient technologies, many businesses could
cut their energy consumption by up to 20 % More renewable resources
can be used at consumer level for energy conservation.
• It is more important to provide education regarding energy
conservation to the general mass.
• Thus we can say that Energy Conservation can improve the possibility of
Energy fulfillment.
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