*8–20.
Determine the maximum and minimum normal 100 kN
stress in the bracket at section a–a when the load is applied 15 mm
at x = 300 mm. x
15 mm
200 mm
150 mm
a a
Consider the equilibrium of the FBD of the top cut segment in Fig. a,
+ c ©Fy = 0; N - 100 = 0 N = 100 kN
a + ©MC = 0; M - 100(0.2) = 0 M = 20 kN # m
1
A = 0.2 (0.03) = 0.006 m2 I = (0.03)(0.23) = 20.0(10 - 6) m4
12
The normal stress developed is the combination of axial and bending stress. Thus,
N My
s = ;
A I
For the left edge fiber, y = C = 0.1 m. Then
100(103) 20.0(103)(0.1)
sR = - +
0.006 20.0(10 - 6)
= 83.33(106) Pa = 83.3 MPa ((T) Ans.
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For the right edge fiber, y = C = 0.1 m. Thus
100(103) 20.0(103)(0.1)
sR = - -
0.006 20.0(10 - 6)
= 117 MPa (C) Ans.
752
8–21. If the load has a weight of 600 lb, determine the
maximum normal stress developed on the cross section of
the supporting member at section a–a. Also, plot the normal 1.5 ft
stress distribution over the cross section. 1 in.
a a
Internal Loadings: Consider the equilibrium of the free-body diagram of the bottom Section a – a
cut segment shown in Fig. a.
a + c ©Fy = 0; N - 600 = 0 N = 600 lb
a + ©MC = 0; 600(1.5) - M = 0 M = 900 lb # ft
Section Properties: The cross-sectional area and the moment of inertia about the
centroidal axis of the member are
p 4 p
A = p(12) = p in2 I = (1 ) = in4
4 4
Normal Stress: The normal stress is the combination of axial and bending stress.
Thus,
N Mc
s = ;
A I
By observation, the maximum normal stress occurs at point B, Fig. b. Thus,
600 900(12)(1)
smax = sB = + = 13.9 ksi (T) Ans.
p p>4
For Point A,
600 900(12)(1)
sA = + - = - 13.6 ksi = 13.6 ksi (C) Ans.
p p>4
Using these results, the normal stress distribution over the cross section is shown in
Fig. b. The location of the neutral axis can be determined from
p 2 - x
= ; x = 1.01 in.
13.9 13.6
Ans:
smax = sL = 13.9 ksi (T), sR = 13.6 ksi (C)
753
*8–32. The horizontal force of P = 80 kN acts at the end of a
the plate.The plate has a thickness of 10 mm and P acts along
the centerline of this thickness such that d = 50 mm. Plot the
distribution of normal stress acting along section a -a. P 200 mm
d
300 mm
Consider the equilibrium of the FBD of the left cut segment in Fig. a, a
+
: ©Fx = 0; N - 80 = 0 N = 80 kN
a+ ©MC = 0; M - 80(0.05) = 0 M = 4.00 kN # m
1
A = 0.01(0.2) = 0.002 m2 I = (0.01)(0.23) = 6.667(10 - 6) m4
12
The normal stress developed is the combination of axial and bending stress. Thus,
N My
s = ;
A I
At point A, y = 0.1 m. Then
80(103) 4.00(103)(0.1)
sA = -
0.002 6.667(10 - 6)
= - 20.0(106) Pa = 20.0 MPa (C)
At point B, y = 0.1 m. Then
80(103) 4.00(103)(0.1)
sB = +
0.002 6.667(10 - 6)
= 100 (106) Pa = 100 MPa (T)
The location of the neutral axis can be determined using the similar triangles.
0.2 - d 20.0
=
d 100
20 - 100d = 20d
1
d = m = 166.667 mm
2
765
*8–48. The bent shaft is fixed in the wall at A. If a force F is z
applied at B, determine the stress components at points D A
y
and E. Show the results on a differential element located at
x
each of these points. Take F = 12 lb and u = 90°.
D
1.25 in.
6 in.
E
8 in.
3 in. B
©Fy = 0; Ny - 12 = 0; Ny = 12 lb u
Mx = 36 lb # in.
F
©Mx = 0; Mx - 12(3) = 0;
A = p(0.6252) = 1.2272 in2
1
I = p(0.6254) = 0.1198 in4
4
Point D :
Ny Mx z 12 36(0.625)
(sD)y = - = -
A I 1.2272 0.1198
= - 178 psi Ans.
(tD)yz = (tD)yz = 0 Ans.
Point E :
Ny Mx z 12
(sE)y = + =
A I 1.2272
= 9.78 psi Ans.
(tE)yx = (tE)yz = 0 Ans.
789
8–53. The 1-in.-diameter rod is subjected to the loads y
shown. Determine the state of stress at point A, and show x
the results on a differential element located at this point. A C
z
75 lb 8 in.
3 in.
100 lb
©Fz = 0; Vz + 100 = 0; Vz = - 100 lb 80 lb
©Fx = 0; Nx - 75 = 0; Nx = 75 lb
©Fy = 0; Vy = 80 = 0; Vy = 80 lb
©Mz = 0; Mz + 80(8) = 0; Mz = - 640 lb # in.
©Mx = 0; T2 + 80(3) = 0; Tx = - 240 lb # in.
©My = 0; MF + 100(8) - 75(3) = 0; My = - 575 lb # in.
p 2 p 2 1
A = d = (1 ) = p in2
4 4 4
p 4 p
J = c = (0.5 ) = 0.03125p in4
4
2 4
(Qy)A = 0
4(0.5) 1
(QA)A = y¿A = (p)(0.52) = 0.08333 in2
3p 2
Iy = Ix =
p 4 p www.elsolucionario.org
r = (0.54) = 0.015625p in4
4 4
p Mxy Myz
Normal stress: s = + +
A Ix Iy
75 640(0.5)
sA = 1
+ + 0 = 6.61 ksi (T) Ans.
4p
0.0156p
Shear stress:
VQ Tc
t = +
It J
100(0.06333) 240(0.5)
(txz)A = +
0.0156p(1) 0.0312p
= 1.39 ksi Ans.
(txy)A = 0 Ans.
Ans:
sA = 6.61 ksi (T), tA = 1.39 ksi
794
8–54. The 1-in.-diameter rod is subjected to the loads y
shown. Determine the state of stress at point B, and show x
the results on a differential element located at this point. A C
z
75 lb 8 in.
3 in.
100 lb
©Fz = 0; Vz + 100 = 0; Vz = - 100 lb 80 lb
©Fx = 0; Nx - 75 = 0; Nx = 75.0 lb
©Fy = 0; Vy - 80 = 0; Vy = 80 lb
©Mz = 0; Mz + 80(8) = 0; Mz = - 640 lb # in.
©Mx = 0; Tx + 80(3) = 0; Tx = - 240 lb # in.
©My = 0; My + 100(8) - 75(3) = 0; My = - 575 lb # in.
p 2 p p
A = d = (12) = in2
4 2 4
p 4 p
J = c = (0.54) = 0.03125p in4
2 2
4(0.5) 1 p
(Qy)y = a b (12) = 0.08333 in2
3p 2 4
p 4 p
Iy = Ix = r = (0.54) = 0.015625p in4
4 4
Normal stress:
p Mxy Myz
s = + +
A Ix Iy
75 575(0.5)
sA = p + 0 - = - 5.76 ksi = 5.76 ksi (C) Ans.
4 0.015625p
Shear stress:
VQ Tc
t = and t =
It J
Tc VQ 240(0.5) 80(0.0833)
(txy)A = - = + = 1.36 ksi Ans.
J It 0.03125p 0.015625p(1)
(txz)A = 0 Ans.
Ans:
sB = 5.76 ksi (C), tB = 1.36 ksi
795
8–55. Determine the state of stress at point A on the cross 100 mm
100 mm
section of the post at section a–a. Indicate the results on a
differential element at the point.
4 kN 3 kN
400 mm
400 mm
50 mm 50 mm a
50 mm A B 50 mm a
z x
y
Section a – a
Internal Loadings: Considering the equilibrium of the free-body diagram of the
post’s upper segment, Fig. a,
©Fy = 0; Vy + 3 = 0 Vy = - 3 kN
©Fz = 0; Vz + 4 = 0 Vz = - 4 kN
©Mx = 0; T = 0
©My = 0; My + 4(0.4) = 0 My = - 1.6 kN # m
©Mz = 0; Mz - 3(0.4) = 0 Mz = - 1.2 kN # m
Section Properties: The moment of inertia about the y and z axes of the post’s cross
section is
1
I y = Iz = 3333(10 - 6) m4
(0.1)(0.13) = 8.3333(10
12
Referring to Fig. b,
(Qy)A = 0
(Qz)A = 0.025(0.05)(0.1) = 0.125(10 - 3) m3
Normal Stress: The normal stress is contributed by bending stress only. Thus,
Mzy Myz
s = - +
Iz Iy
For point A, y = - 0.05 m and z = 0. Then
1.2(103)( - 0.05)
sA = + 0 = 7.20 MPa (T) Ans.
8.3333(10 - 6)
Shear Stress: Then transverse shear stress at point A is
Vy(Qy)A
[(txy)V]A = = 0 Ans.
Izt
Vz(Qz)A 4(103)[0.125(10 - 3)]
[(txz)V]A = = = 0.6 MPa Ans.
Iy t 8.3333(10 - 6)(0.1)
The state of stress at point A is represented on the elements shown in Figs. c and d,
respectively.
796
8–55. Continued
Ans:
sA = 7.20 MPa (T), tA = 0.6 MPa
797
8–57. The sign is subjected to the uniform wind loading. z
Determine the stress components at points A and B on the
2m
100-mm-diameter supporting post. Show the results on a
volume element located at each of these points.
1m
1.5 kPa
3m
B C
A D
y
2m
Point A: x
Mc 10.5(103)(0.05)
sA = = p = 107 MPa (T) Ans.
I 4 (0.05)
4
Tc 3(103)(0.05)
tA = = p = 15.279(106) = 15.3 MPa Ans.
J 4 (0.05)4
Point B:
sB = 0 Ans.
Tc VQ 3000(4(0.05)/3p))(12)(p)(0.05)2
tB = - = 15.279(106) - p
J It 4
4 (0.05) (0.1)
tB = 14.8 MPa Ans.
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Ans:
sA = 107 MPa (T), tA = 15.3 MPa,
sB = 0, tB = 14.8 MPa
800
8–58. The sign is subjected to the uniform wind loading. z
Determine the stress components at points C and D on the
2m
100-mm-diameter supporting post. Show the results on a
volume element located at each of these points.
1m
1.5 kPa
3m
B C
A D
y
2m
Point C: x
Mc 10.5(103)(0.05)
sC = = p = 107 MPa (C) Ans.
I 4 (0.05)
4
TC 3(103)(0.05)
tC = = p = 15.279(106) = 15.3 MPa Ans.
J 2 (0.05)
4
Point D:
sD = 0 Ans.
Tc VQ 3(103)(4(0.05)/3p)(12)(p)(0.05)2
tD = + = 15.279(106) + p = 15.8 MPa Ans.
J It 4
4 (0.05) (0.1)
Ans:
sC = 107 MPa (C), tC = 15.3 MPa,
sD = 0, tD = 15.8 MPa
801
*8–68. The bar has a diameter of 40 mm. If it is subjected to
a force of 800 N as shown, determine the stress components
that act at point A and show the results on a volume
element located at this point. 150 mm
200 mm z
A B
x y
30⬚
800 N
1 1
I = p r4 = (p)(0.024) = 0.1256637 (10 - 6) m4
4 4
A = p r2 = p(0.022) = 1.256637 (10 - 3) m2
4 (0.02) p (0.02)2
QA = y¿A¿ = a ba b = 5.3333 (10 - 6) m3
3p 2
P Mz
sA = +
A I
400
= + 0 = 0.318 MPa Ans.
1.256637 (10 - 3)
VQA 692.82 (5.3333) (10 - 6)
tA = = = 0.735 MPa Ans.
It 0.1256637 (10 - 6)(0.04)
815
8–69. Solve Prob. 8–68 for point B.
150 mm
200 mm z
A B
1 1
I = p r4 = (p)(0.024) = 0.1256637 (10 - 6) m4
4 4 x y
30⬚
A = p r2 = p(0.022) = 1.256637 (10 - 3) m2
800 N
QB = 0
P Mc 400 138.56 (0.02)
sB = - = - = - 21.7 MPa Ans.
A I 1.256637 (10 - 3) 0.1256637 (10 - 6)
tB = 0 Ans.
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Ans:
sB = - 21.7 MPa, tB = 0
816
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