Applied Physics Assignment 1

Topic:
Numerical Problems
Presented to:
Sir Shaukat Hayat
Presented By:
TALAL HASSAN BAJWA
Class:
CS-1J
SAP ID:
70152003
Numerical no. 1:
A point charge of +3.12 x 10-6 C is 12.3 cm from 2nd charge
1.48 × 10-6 C. Calculate magnitude of force?
Given:
Q1=+3.12x10-6C
Q2=1.48x10-6C
R=12.3cm = 1.23x10-3m
K=9x109Nm2/C2
To find:
F=?
Solution:
kq1q2
F =
r2
9 X 109 X 3.12 X 10−6 X 1.48 X 10−6
F=
(1.23 X 10 )
−3 2

F = 2.75 X 104
Result:
The magnitude of force will be 2.75 X 104 N.

---------------------------

Numerical no. 2:
The square measure 3.2mm on each side. It is immersed in
uniform electric field E = 1800N/C. The field lines make angle 65° with
normal. Calculate flux.
Given:
E=1800N/C
A=3.2X10-3m
θ=65°
To Find:
Φ=?
Solution:
Φ=E.A cos(θ)
Φ=1800X3.2X10-3Xcos65°
Φ=2.43Vm
Result:
Electric flux is equal to 2.43Vm.
------------------------------
Numerical no. 3:
What must be the distance between point charge q1= 26.3 uC
and charge q2 =47.1 uC in order that force between them is 5.66 N?
Given:
F= 5.66N
Q1=26.3µC
Q2=47.1µC
To Find:
r=?
Solution:
kq1q2
F =
r2
kq1q2
r=
F
9 X 109 X 26.3 X 10 −6 X 47.1X 10 −6
r=
5.66
r = 1.49m
Result:
The distance between charges will be 1.49m.
-----------------------------

Numerical no. 4:
In the return stroke of typical lightning bolt, a current 2.5 x 104 a
flow for 20 us how much charge is transferred?
Given:
I=2.5×104A
t=20×10-6s
To Find:
Q=?
Solution:
Q=It
Q=2.5×104A x 20×10-6s
Q=500C
Result:
The charge transferred will be equal to 500C.
-----------------------------
Numerical no. 5:
 As two equally charged particles held 3.20 mm are released
from rest, the initial acceleration of 1" particles is 722 m/s and that of 2"d
particle is 9.16 m/s. The mass of 1" particle is 6.31 × 10-7 kg.
(a) Find mass of 2"d particle (b) the magnitude of common charge?
Given:
m1=6.31×10-7kg
a1=7.22 m/s2
a2=9.16 m/s2
r =3.2×10-3m
k =9×109 N m2/C2
To Find:
m2=?
Q=?
Solution:
F=m1a1
F=6.31×10-7kg×7.22 m/s2
F=6.31×10-7kg×7.22m/s2
F=4.559×10-6 N
F=m2a2
𝐹
m2 = 𝑎
2
4.559×10−6 N
m2 = 9.16 m/s2
m2 = 4.98 x10-7 kg
𝑘𝑞2
F = 𝑟2
Fr2
q=√ k
4.559×10−6 Nx (3.2×10−3 m)2
q=√
9×109 N m2 /C2
q=6.8 x 10-6C
Result:
Mass of 2nd particle is 4.98 x10-7 kg and common charge on particles is
equal to 6.8 x 10-6C.
-------------------------

Numerical no. 6:
What is the magnitude of point charge, chosen so that electric
field 75 cm (about 2.46 ft) away has value 2.3 N/C?

Given:
E=2.3N/C
K=9x109Nm2 /C2
r=0.75m
To Find:
q=?
Solution:
𝑘𝑞2
E= 𝑟 2
𝐸𝑟 2
q=√ 𝑘
2.3 𝑋 0.752
q=√ 9 𝑋 109
q=1.44 X 10-10 C
Result:
The charge will be equal to 1.44 X 10-10 C.
---------------------------

Numerical no. 7:
Calculate dipole moment of electron and proton 4.3 nm
apart?

Given:
d=4.3 x 10-9 m
q=-1.6 x 10-19 C
To Find:
p=?
Solution:
p=qd
p=-1.6 x 10-19 x 4.3 x 10-9
p=-6.88 x 10-28Cm
Result:
The dipole moment of the electron-proton system, considering their
separation of 4.3 nm, is approximately 6.88×10-28 Cm.
--------------------------

Numerical no. 8:
Calculate the magnitude of electric field due to electric dipole
moment 3.56 × 10-29 C-m at a point 25.4 nm away along bisector axis?
Given:
p=3.56 x 10-29 C
r=25.4 x 10-9 m
To Find:
E=?
Solution:
2𝑘𝑝
E= 𝑟 3
𝑋 10−29 𝑋 9 𝑋 109
E= 2 𝑋 3.56
(25.4 𝑋10−9)3

E= 1.36 X 108 N/C

Result:
Magnitude of electric field created by dipole moment will be 1.36 X 108
N/C.
-------------------------

Numerical no. 9:
A uniformly charged conducting sphere of 1.22 m radius has
surface charge density 8.13 uC m-2.
(a) Find the charge on sphere.

(b) What is the electric flux leaving surface?

(c) Calculate electric field at the surface of sphere?

Given:
σ=8.13µCm-2=8.13 x 10-6Cm-2
r=1.22m
To Find:
Q=?
Φ=?
E=?
Solution:
Q=4πr2σ
Q=4π (1.22)28.13x10-6
Q=4.686 X 10-5C
𝑄
Φ=
𝜀0
4.686 X 10−5
Φ= 8.85 𝑋10−12
Φ=5.288 X 106 Nm2/C
𝜎
E=𝜀
0
8.13 𝑋10−6
E=8.85 𝑋10−12
E=917.8N/C
Result:
Charge=4.686 X 10-5C
Flux=5.288 X 106 Nm2/C
Electric field=917.8N/C
--------------------------

Numerical no. 10:

Find total charge in coulombs of 75 kg of electrons?
Given:
Total mass= M= 75kg
Charge on one electron=e=1.6 x 10-19 C
Mass of one electron=m=9.109 X 10-31kg
To Find:
Total charge =Q
Solution:
𝑀
No. Of electrons in 75kg mass=n=𝑚
75
n=9.109 X 10−31

n=8.24 X 1029 electrons

Q=ne
Q=8.24 X 1029 x 1.6 x 10-19
Q=1.318 x 1011 C
Result:
The total charge on 75kg mass of electrons will be 1.318 x 1011 C.
------------------------

Numerical no. 11:

In a crystal of salt an atom of sodium transfers one of its
electrons to an atom of chlorine. The resulting +ve Na and -ve Cl ion
attract each other. Calculate force of attraction if r = 282 pm?
Given:
qna=1.6 x 10-19 C
qcl=-1.6 x 10-19 C
r=282pm=282x10-12m
To Find:
F=?
Solution:
𝑘𝑞 𝑞
F= 𝑛𝑎 𝑐𝑙
𝑟2
9 −19 𝑋1.6𝑋10 −19
F=9𝑋10 𝑋 1.6𝑋10
(282𝑋10−12 )2

F=2.295 X 10-9N
Result:
The force of attraction between them will be 2.295 X 10-9N.
 -------------------------

Numerical no. 12:

An electric dipole consists of charges of magnitude 1.48 nC
separated by 6.23 um. It is in electric field of 1100 N/C.

(a) Calculate the magnitude of dipole moment

(b) What is difference in PE corresponding to dipole orientation parallel
and anti-parallel to field?

Given:
q=1.48nC
d=6.23µm
E=1100N/C
To Find:
p=?
ΔU=?
Solution:
p=qd
p=1.48X10-9X6.23X10-6
p=9.2X10-15Cm
Uparallel=-pE
Uanti-parallel=pE
ΔU=|Uanti-parallel - Uparallel|
ΔU=|pE-(-pE)|
ΔU=|2pE|
ΔU=|2X9.2X10-15 X1100|
ΔU=|2.024X10-11J|
Result:
Dipole moment is equal to 9.2X10-15Cm and difference of PE is equal to
2.024X10-11J.
------------------------

Numerical no. 13:

An electric dipole consists of charges + 2e, -2e separated by
0.78nm. It is in electric field of 3.4 x 106 N / C. Calculate the magnitude
of torque on the dipole when dipole moment. (a) Parallel (b) right angle
(c) opposite to field.
Given:
d=7.8 X 10-10m
E= 3.4 X 106 N/C
q= 2e =2X 1.6 x 10-19 C =3.2 X 10-19 C
To Find:
τparallel =?
τanti-parallel =?
τopposite =?
Solution:
For torque on dipole moment
τ=pE sinθ
p= qd
p= 3.2 x10-19 x 7.8 x 10-10
p = 2.496 X 10-28C m
For τparallel and τanti-parallel
θ=0° and 180°
So sin0° and sin180° =0
Putting in value
τanti-parallel/parallel=0
For opposite sin(θ)=sin90°=1
τopposite =2.496 X 10-28 X 3.4 X 106
τopposite =8.4864 X 10-22Nm
Result:
Magnitude of Torque on dipole moment when dipole moment is parallel
and anti-parallel is 0 and when dipole moment is opposite magnitude is
8.4864 X 10-22.
-----------------------

Numerical no. 14:

A proton orbits with a speed 294 km/s just outside a charged
sphere of radius 1.13 cm. Find charge on sphere?
Given:
v=294km/s
r=1.13X10-2m
q1=1.602X10-19
To Find:
q2=?
Solution:
Centripetal force on proton must be equal to electrostatic force
Fe=Fc
𝑘𝑞1 𝑞2 𝑚𝑣 2
=
𝑟2 𝑟
𝑚𝑣 2 𝑟
q2= 𝑘𝑞1
2
1.67𝑋10−27 𝑋(294𝑋102 ) 𝑋1.13𝑋10−2
q2= 9𝑋109 𝑋1.6𝑋10−19
q2=1.13 X10-9C
q2=-1.13 X10-9C
Result:
The charge possessed by sphere is -1.13nC.
-------------------------

Numerical no. 15:

A 115 KeV electron is fired directly towards a large flat
plastic sheet that has a surface charge density -2.08 uC/m'. From what
distance must the electron be fired if it is just to fail to strike the sheet?
Given:
K. E=115 KeV
σ=-2.08µC/m2
To Find:
D=?
Solution:
𝜎
K.E=𝜀 𝑑
0
𝜎
115=𝜀 𝑑
0
115𝑋103 𝑋 8.85𝑋10−12
d= 2.08𝑋 10−6
d=0.489m
Result:
The distance is equal to 0.489m.
-----------------------

Numerical no. 16:

A proton is placed in uniform electric field E. What must be the
magnitude and direction of electric field. If electrostatic force is balanced
by weight?
Given:
m=1.67 X 10-26 kg
q=1.6 X 10-19 C
g= 9.8m/s2
To Find:
E=?
Solution:
Fe=Fg
q X E =m X g
𝑚𝑋𝑔
E= 𝑞
1.67 X 10−26 X 9.8
E= 1.6 𝑋 10−19
E =1.03 X 1012N/C
Result:
For forces to be balanced electric field should be equal to .03 X 1012N/C.
 --------------------------

Numerical no. 17:

The electric field just above the surface of the charged drum
of photocopying machine has magnitude of electric field 2.3 x 105N/C.
What is the surface charge density on the drum if it is conductor?
Given:
E=2.3X105N/C
To Find:
σ =?
Solution:
𝜎
E=
𝜀0
σ=2.3X105X 8.85X10-12
σ=2.034X10-6C/m2
Result:
The surface charge density on drum is 2.034X10-6C/m2.
------------------------

Numerical no. 18:

In an ionized He atom (one electron removed) the electron
and nucleus are separated by 26.5pm. What is the field due to nucleus at
the location of electron?
Given:
q= 2e =2X 1.6 x 10-19 C =3.2 X 10-19 C
r=26.5 X 10-12m
To Find:
E=?
Solution:
𝑘𝑞
E= 2
𝑟
9𝑋109 𝑋 3.2𝑋10−19
E = (26.5 𝑋 10−12 )2
E= 4.1 X 1013N/C
Result:
The electric field at location of electron is 4.1 X 1013N/C.

------------------------

Numerical no. 19:

The magnitude of electric field normally present in earth
atmosphere just above the surface of earth is 150 N/C directed downward.
What is net surface charge density assuming that earth is a conductor?
Given:
E=150N/C
To Find:
σ =?
Solution:
𝜎
E=𝜀
0
σ=150X 8.85X10-12
σ= 1.3275X10-9C/m2
Result:
The surface charge density on drum is 1.3275X10-9 C/m2.
-----------------------

Numerical no. 20:

A molecule of water vapour has an electric dipole moment
P = 6.2 x 10-30 C-m.
(a) How far apart are the effective centres of positive and negative charge
in a molecule of H2O.
(b) what is the maximum torque on a molecule of H2O in electric field of
1.5 x 10-4 N/C.
(c) Suppose that the dipole moment of a molecule of H2O is initially
pointing in a direction opposite to the field. How much work is done by
the electric field in rotating the molecule into alignment with the field?
Given:
p=6.2 X 10-30C m
q=1.6 X 10-19C
E= 1.5 X 10-4N/C
To Find:
d=?
τmax =?
W=?
Solution:
𝑝
d=𝑞
6.2 X 1030
d=1.6 X 10−19
d=0.003875 nm
τ=pE sinθ
Since sin is max 1 at 90°
For max torque θ is 90°
τmax =6.2 X 10-30 X 1.5 X 10-4 X 1
τmax =9.3 X10-34 Nm
W=-ΔU
W=-Δp.E
p.E=-p.Ecosθ
Δp.E=p.Efinal-p.Einitial=-p.E-p.E
Δp.E=-2p.E
W=-(-2p.E)
W= 2.p.E
W=2 X 6.2 X 10-30 X 1.5 X 10-4
W= 1.86 X 10-34J
Result:
Distance between dipole charges is 0.003875 nm. The max torque on
dipole is 9.3 X10-34 Nm and the amount of work done to change the
direction of dipole is 1.86 X 10-34J.
------------------------

Numerical no. 21:

A hypothetical closed cylinder of radius R is immersed in a
uniform electric field E, the cylinder axis being parallel to the field. Find
electric flux for this closed surface?
Given:
r=R
A=2πRh
θ=0°
To Find:
Φe =?
Solution:
Φe= E.A cos(θ)
Φe=E. 2πRh.cos0°
Φe=E.2πRh
Result:
Electric flux is equal to E.2πRh.
------------------------

Numerical no. 22:

The copper penny contains both + ve charge and -ve charge
and each of magnitude 1.37 x 10 ° C. Suppose that these charges could be
concentrated into two bundles, held 100m apart. Find attractive force?
Given:
r=100m
q1=q2=q=1.37 X105C
To Find:
F=?
Solution:
𝑘𝑞2
F= 𝑟2
2
9𝑋 109 𝑋 (1.37 𝑋 105 )
F= 1002
F=1.692 X1016 N
Result:
Attractive force is equal to 1.692 X1016 N.
--------------------------

Numerical no. 23:

The average distance between an electron and a proton in
Hydrogen atom is 5.3 x 10-11 m.
a) Find the electrostatic force?
(b) Find gravitational force?
Given:
d= 5.3 X 10-11m
q1=q2=q=1.6 X 10-19C
m1=9.109 x 10-31kg
m2=1.673 x 10-27kg
To Find:
Fg =?
Fe =?
Solution:
𝑘𝑞2
Fe=
𝑟2 2
9 𝑋 109 𝑋 (1.6 𝑋 10−19)
Fe= (5.3 𝑋10−11)2
Fe=8.205 X 10-8N
𝐺𝑚 𝑚
Fg= 𝑟12 2
−11 9.109𝑋10−31 𝑋 1.673𝑋 10−27
Fg=6.674 𝑋 10 𝑋(5.3 𝑋 10−11)2
Fg=3.548 X 10-17N
Result:
Electric force is equal to 8.205 X 10-8N while gravitational force is equal
to 3.548 X 10-17N.

------------------------

Numerical no. 24:

The nucleus of iron atoms has radius 4 x10-15m and have
26 protons. What repulsive force acts between two protons if they are
separated by one radius?
Given:
r=4 X10-15m
q=q1=q2=1.6 x 10-19C
To Find:
Total repulsive force= Ftotal
Solution:
F between two protons
 𝑘𝑞2
F= 𝑟 2
9 −19 2
F=9 𝑋 10(4𝑋𝑋10
(1.6 𝑋 10
−15 )2
)

F=1.438 X 10-18N
Total force

𝑛(𝑛−1)
Ftotal= 𝑋𝐹
2
26(25) -18
Ftotal= 2 X 1.438 X 10

Ftotal=1.4825 x 10-16N
Result:
The total repulsive force is equal to 1.4825 x 10-16N.
--------------------------