1. The document contains multiple problems involving vectors and their properties such as collinearity, coplanarity, cross products, dot products, etc.
2. It asks the reader to determine values like a, λ, θ by analyzing relationships between given vectors and applying vector properties and identities.
3. Several problems involve expressing one vector as a linear combination of other vectors or decomposing a vector into components parallel and perpendicular to other vectors.
1. The document contains multiple problems involving vectors and their properties such as collinearity, coplanarity, cross products, dot products, etc.
2. It asks the reader to determine values like a, λ, θ by analyzing relationships between given vectors and applying vector properties and identities.
3. Several problems involve expressing one vector as a linear combination of other vectors or decomposing a vector into components parallel and perpendicular to other vectors.
1. The document contains multiple problems involving vectors and their properties such as collinearity, coplanarity, cross products, dot products, etc.
2. It asks the reader to determine values like a, λ, θ by analyzing relationships between given vectors and applying vector properties and identities.
3. Several problems involve expressing one vector as a linear combination of other vectors or decomposing a vector into components parallel and perpendicular to other vectors.
1. The document contains multiple problems involving vectors and their properties such as collinearity, coplanarity, cross products, dot products, etc.
2. It asks the reader to determine values like a, λ, θ by analyzing relationships between given vectors and applying vector properties and identities.
3. Several problems involve expressing one vector as a linear combination of other vectors or decomposing a vector into components parallel and perpendicular to other vectors.
and Ovin Tyagi And 1. If the points with position vectors 10𝑖 + 3𝑗, 12𝑖 − 5𝑗 and 𝑎𝑖 + 11𝑗 are collinear, find the value of a. 2. Show that the vectors 2𝑖 − 3𝑗 + 4𝑘 and − 4𝑖 + 6𝑗 − 8𝑘 are collinear. 3. Prove that the following vector is coplanar: 2𝑖 − 𝑗 + 𝑘, 𝑖 − 3𝑗 − 5𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3𝑖 − 4𝑗 − 4𝑘 4. Prove that the following vector is non-coplanar: 3𝑖 + 𝑗 − 𝑘, 2𝑖 − 𝑗 + 7𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑑 7𝑖 − 𝑗 + 23𝑘 5. Show that the vectors a, b, c given by 𝑎 = 𝑖 + 2𝑗 + 3𝑘, 𝑏 = 2𝑖 + 𝑗 + 3𝑘 and 𝑐 = 𝑖 + 𝑗 + 𝑘 are non-coplanar. Express vector 𝑑 = 2𝑖 − 𝑗 − 3𝑘 as a linear combination of the vectors 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐. π π 6. If a unit vector a makes an angle with i, with j and an acute angle θ with k, then find θ and hence, the components 3 4
of a. 1 1 1 7. Show that the direction cosines of a vector equally inclined to the axes OX, OY and OZ are , , . √3 √3 √3
8. Show that the vector i + j + k is equally inclined with the axes OX, OY and OZ. 9. Write the direction cosines of the vector 𝑟 = 6𝑖 − 2𝑗 + 3𝑘. 10. If 𝑎 = 𝑖 + 𝑗, 𝑏 = 𝑗 + 𝑘 and 𝑐 = 𝑘 + 𝑖, write the unit vectors parallel to 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2 𝑐. 11. If 𝑎 = 𝑖 + 2𝑗 − 3𝑘 and 𝑏 = 2𝑖 + 4𝑗 + 9𝑘, find a unit vector parallel to a + b. 12. Find the position vector of the mid-point of the line segment AB, where A is the point (3, 4, -2) and B is the point (1, 2, 4). 13. If 𝑎 = 𝑥𝑖 + 2𝑗 − 𝑧𝑘 and 𝑏 = 3𝑖 − 𝑦𝑗 + 𝑘 are two equal vectors, then write the value of x + y + z. 14. Let 𝑎 = 4𝑖 + 5𝑗 − 𝑘, 𝑏 = 𝑖 − 4𝑗 + 5𝑘 and 𝑐 = 3𝑖 + 𝑗 − 𝑘. Find a vector d which is perpendicular to both a and b and satisfying d . c = 21. θ 1 15. If a and b are unit vectors inclined at an angle θ, then prove that sin 2 = 2 |a − b|.(70)
16. If a, b are two vectors such that |a + b| = |a|, then prove that 2 a + b is perpendicular to b. 17. If with reference to a right handed system of mutually perpendicular unit vectors i, j, k we have α= 3𝑖 − 𝑗 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛽 = 2𝑖 + 𝑗 − 3𝑘. Express β in the form β = β1 + β2 , where β1 is parallel to α and β2 is perpendicular to α. 18. If a, b, c are three mutually perpendicular vectors of equal magnitude, prove that a + b + c is equally inclined with vectors a, b and c. also, find the angle. 19. Let a, b, c be three vectors of magnitudes 3, 4 and 5 resp. If each one is perpendicular to the sum of the other two vectors, prove that |a + b + c| = 5√2. 20. If a, b, c are unit vectors such that a + b + c = 0, find the value of a . b + b . c + c . a. 21. Three vectors a, b and c satisfy that the condition a + b + c = 0. Evaluate the quantity μ = a . b . b + c + c . a, if |a| = 1, |b| = 4 and |c| = 2. 22. Dot product of a vector with 𝑖 + 𝑗 − 3𝑘, 𝑖 + 3𝑗 − 2𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2𝑖 + 𝑗 + 4𝑘 are 0, 5 and 8 respectively. Find the vector. |a|2 −|b|2 −|c|2 23. If 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 0, show that the angle θ between the vectors b and c is given by cos θ = 2|b| |c| .(75)
24. Find the values of x and y if the vectors 𝑎 = 3𝑖 + 𝑥𝑗 − 𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏 = 2𝑖 + 𝑗 + 𝑦𝑘 are mutually perpendicular vectors of equal magnitude. 25. Express the vector 𝑎 = 5𝑖 − 2𝑗 + 5𝑘 as the sum of two vectors such that one is parallel to the vector 𝑏 = 3𝑖 + 𝑘 and other is perpendicular to b. 26. Let 𝑎 = 5𝑖 − 𝑗 + 7𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏 = 𝑖 − 𝑗 + 𝜆𝑘. Find λ such that a + b is orthogonal to a – b. 27. If a, b are two vectors such that |a + b| = |b|, then prove that a + 2b is perpendicular to a. 28. If α = 3𝑖 + 4𝑗 + 5𝑘 and β = 2𝑖 + 𝑗 − 4𝑘, then express β in the form of β = 𝛽1 + 𝛽2 , where 𝛽1 is parallel to α and 𝛽2 is perpendicular to α. 29. Write the projection of b + c on a, when a = 2𝑖 − 2𝑗 + 𝑘, 𝑏 = 𝑖 + 2𝑗 − 2𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 = 2𝑖 − 𝑗 + 4𝑘. 30. Find λ, when the projection of a = λi + j + 4k on b = 2 I + 6 j + 3 k is 4 units. 31. Find a unit vector perpendicular to both the vectors 𝑖 − 2𝑗 + 3𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖 + 2𝑗 − 𝑘. 32. For any vector a, prove that |𝑎 × 𝑖|2 + |𝑎 × 𝑗|2 + |𝑎 × 𝑘|2 = 2|a|2. 33. If a, b, c are the position vectors of the vertices A , B, C of a triangle ABC, show that the area of triangle ABC is 1 |𝑎 × 𝑏 + 𝑏 × 𝑐 + 𝑐 × 𝑎|. Deduce the condition for points a, b, c to be collinear.(133) 2 |𝑏×𝑐+𝑐×𝑎+𝑎×𝑏| 34. Show that distance of the point c from the line joining a and b is |b−a| .(134)
36. If a, b , c are three vectors such that a + b + c = 0, then prove that 𝑎 × 𝑏 = 𝑏 × 𝑐 = 𝑐 × 𝑎. 37. For any two vectors a and b, show that: (1 + |a|2 + (1 + |b|2 ) = {(1 − a . b)}2 + |a + b + (a × b)|2 .(135) 38. If 𝑎 = 𝑖 + 𝑗 + 𝑘, 𝑐 = 𝑗 − 𝑘 are given vectors, then find a vector b satisfying the equations 𝑎 × 𝑏 = 𝑐 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎 . 𝑏 = 3.( (136) 1 1 1 39. Given 𝑎 = 7 (2𝑖 + 3𝑗 + 6𝑘), 𝑏 = 7 (3𝑖 − 6𝑗 + 2𝑘), 𝑐 = 7 (61 + 2𝑗 − 3𝑘), 𝑖, 𝑗, 𝑘 being a right handed orthogonal
system of unit vectors in space, show that a, b, c is also another system.(116)
40. If 𝑎 × 𝑏 = 𝑏 × 𝑐 ≠ 0, then show that a + c = m b, where m is any scalar. 41. If 𝑎 = 𝑖 − 2𝑗 + 3𝑘, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏 = 2𝑖 + 3𝑗 − 5𝑘, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑎 × 𝑏. verify that a and a × b are perpendicular to each other. 42. Let 𝑎 = 𝑖 + 4𝑗 + 2𝑘, 𝑏 = 3𝑖 − 2𝑗 + 7𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 = 2𝑖 − 𝑗 + 4𝑘. Find a vector d which is perpendicular to both a and d and c . d = 15. 43. Using vectors find the area of the triangle with vertices, A(2, 3, 5), B(3, 5, 8) and C(2, 7, 8). 44. The two adjacent sides of a parallelogram are 2𝑖 − 4𝑗 + 5𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖 − 2𝑗 − 3𝑘. Find the unit vector parallel to one of its diagonals. Also, find its area. If 𝑎 = 𝑎1 𝑖 + 𝑎2 𝑗 + 𝑎3 𝑘, 𝑏 = 𝑏1 𝑖 + 𝑏2 𝑗 + 𝑏3 𝑘 and 𝑐 = 𝑐1 𝑖 + 𝑐2 𝑗 + 𝑐3 𝑘, then verify that 𝑎 × (𝑏 + 𝑐) = 𝑎 × 𝑏 + 𝑎 × 𝑐.
