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1897 © 1EC:1995, -49-
Per cent remaining ieee
| strength 499 9
|
ee
95%
90%
35%
20%
78%
70%
150°C
65%
50%
ot 1 10 100 +000
Time (hours) lee sme
Figure 3 - Loss of strength of aluminium A2
} Calculation of maximum conductor length on drums
Al Basis of caiculation
ihe coiling volume V,, of a drum is given by equation (35). This volume is described in
re 4,
Vag (md? ~ dy2) BIA (35)
where
Yq \i8 the coiling voluine in a drum (m®)
4d, are the outside and inside diameters of a drum (m)
a ‘is the internal
idth of a drum (m)
is normali practice that the minimum inside drum diameter d, be equal to at least
mes the conductor diameter”
layer conductors may require higher values 1597 © IEC:1995 -51-
Figure 4 - Colling volume In a drum
8.2 Packing factor
The amount of conductor that can be coiled in a drum depends on the voids between turns
of the cynductor. If the packing factor is defined as the ratio of available volume to the
total volume, two extreme cases can be considered, each one corresponding to a packing
factor as indicated in figures 5a and 5b.
The pacing tactor'®? k, applicable to figure Sa (maximum void between conductor layers)
becomes equal to:
k= nid = 0,785 (38)
In case of figure Sb where the voids between conductors are minimum, k, becomes equal
to:
Y k,
(p= 2 x 1,732 = 0,007 @7)
Usually, k, = 0,87 is considered sufficient for practical operations
Figure Sa ~ Maximum void Figure 0 - Minimum void
Figure § - Vold between turns
4 of conductor in the order of 20 and more,
| 1) This packing factor is valid for ratios of drum width to diam 1597 © 1EC:1995 -53-
k3 Space between last conductor layer and lagging
tis usual to leave a space of approximately two conductor diameters between tne
tiernal surface of the conductor and the lagging. Considering that small conductors are
| nsaly coiled on small drums and big conductors on larger size drums, the values given in
Je 6 are recommended
| rable 6- Space betwoon lagging and conductor surace
Sunnas aon YAnproninae apace beoreen
Gamat ey | tagging and condoctr
} le 12 5
a 5 |
| 8 7
18 ¢
20
2a 73
28 5
table 6 corresponds approximately to a reduction factor k, = 0.8
The space given
|} zplied to volume Vg,
Using equation (95), the maximum conductor length in a drum can now be calculated as
follows:
Veg Ky Ky = OF Lvs (38)
This leads to:
L = 0,886 Vg/0? = 0,89 VjJO* (39)
where
k, isthe space factor = 0.8
k, isthe packing factor = 0.87
Vg is the drum volume (m*)
D isthe conductor diameter (m)
Lis the maximum conductor length (rn)
84 Numerical example
Assume a drum with:
d, = 1,6'm (outside diameter)
Vgg = 1,957 m®
1D = 0,0171 m (conductor diameter)
Thus the maximum length of conductor is:
L = 0,89 x 1,087/0,0171? = 4 190. m
