ENGINEERING MATH

FOR EE
(MATH 5)
‘-
(Introduction)

ENGR. MA RITCHEL F. ALIMAN, MEM/RME

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

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SUBJECT AREA: BS in Electrical Engineering
COURSE TITLE: Engineering Math for EE
COURSE CODE: Math 5
Number of Units : 3 Unit

COURSE CONTENT: MODULE 3

MODULE 1
5. Fourier Series and the Fourier Transform
1. Complex number system and complex ‘- the Fourier Transform
6. Application of
variables
7. The Z transform and its application
MODULE 2
MODULE 4
2. The Laplace Transform Methods and
Inverse laplace Transforms 8. Power series solutions of Ordinary Differential

3. The Laplace Transform Method of solving Equations

differential equations 9. Partial Differential Equations
4. Application of laplace Transform 10. Hyper geometric equations and their applications
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Laplace Transformation Method

LAPLACE TRANSFORM

It is an integral transform named after Pierre- Simon Laplace.

It takes a function of a real variable t to a function of a complex variable s.
‘-

w/r: t = time domain

s = is a parameter w/c maybe real or complex
= Complex Random Domain

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Uses of Laplace Transform

 To solve initial value problems for linear ordinary and partial differential
equations.

 ‘- to algebraic equations
They can reduce ordinary differential equation
and partial differential equations to ordinary differential equations.

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Some Functions & their Laplace Transforms

‘-

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‘-

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General Methods
 The utility of the laplace transformation is based primarily upon the
following theorems:

Theorem 1: Linearity Property

L {C1f1 (t) ± C2f2 (t)} ‘-

= C1 L {f1 (t)} ± C2 L {f2 (t)}

Provided that;
L {f1 (t)} and L {f2 (t)} Exist
 Laplace transformation is a linear operator.
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Example:
Find the laplace transform of f(t) = 2t + 3
Solution:
L (2t +3) = L (2t) +L (3)
= 2 L (t) + 3 L (1)
1 1
= 2( 2 ) + 3
𝑠 𝑠

=
2+3𝑠 ‘-
𝑠2
1
L (2t +3) = 𝑠2 2 + 3𝑠 𝐴𝑛𝑠.

Exercises:
1. Find L (sin 2t + cos 3t)
2. Find L (2t + cosh 3t)
3. Find L (t – cos 5t)
5. Find L (t3 – 8t2 + 1) 8
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ACTIVITY 3

1. Find L ( 3 + 4 t2 + t)
2. Find L ( cos 5t – sin 2t)
3. Find L (sin t + cos 3t)
‘-
4. Find L (2t3 – 9t2 + 1)
5. Find L (6t⁵ + 5 sin 3t )

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Theorem 2: First Shifting Property

If L(t) = F(s) when s > a, the L[eat f(t)] = F(s-a) ; that is the
substitution of (s-a) for s in the transform corresponds to the
multiplication of the original function by‘- eat

F(s-a) = L[eat f(t)]

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EXAMPLES: 3. Find ʆ (t3 e5t )

3!
ʆ (𝑡 3 ) =
𝑠 3+1
3!
1. Find the laplace transform of f(t) = eat tn = 𝑠4
SOLUTION:
Using a=5
Since ʆ (tn ) 𝑛!
= 𝑠𝑛+1 , replace 𝑠 by (𝑠 − 𝑎), = (𝑠−5)4
3!

‘-
𝑛!
Then, ʆ (𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝑡 𝑛 ) = = (𝑠−5)4
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(𝑠−𝑎)𝑛+1

2. Find ʆ (e-3t cos 5t)

𝑠
ʆ (cos 5t)=𝑠2 +(5)2

𝑠+3 𝑠+3
ʆ (e-3t cos 5t)=(𝑠+3)2 +(5)2 = 𝑠2 +6𝑠+34

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4. Find L (e-2t sin t) 5. Find L (et cosh 2t)

Solution: Solution:
1 𝑠
L (sin t) = 𝑠2+1 L (cosh 2t) = 𝑠2−(2)2

Using 𝑎 = −2, Using 𝑎 = 1,

1 𝑠−1
L (e-2t sin t) = (𝑠+2)2+1 L‘-(et cosh 2t) = (𝑠−1)2−(2)2

1 𝑠−1
L (e-2t sin t) = 𝑠2+4𝑠+5 𝐴𝑛𝑠. L (et cosh 2t) = 𝑠2−2𝑠−3 𝐴𝑛𝑠.

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Theorem 3: Second Shifting Property

𝑓(𝑡 − 𝑎) 𝑡 > 𝑎
If L[ f(t)] = F(s) and g(t) = {
0 𝑡<𝑎
‘-
then,

L [ g(t)] = e-as F(s)

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Examples:
2. Find the laplace transformation of the function
1. Find the laplace transformation of the function
g(t) = { (𝑡 − 1)² 𝑡 > 1 g(t) = {
(𝑡 − 5)⁴ 𝑡 > 5
0 𝑡<1 0 𝑡<5
Solution: Solution:

ʆ [g(t)] = 𝑒−𝑎𝑠 𝐹 𝑠 ‘- = 𝑒−𝑎𝑠𝐹 𝑠

ʆ [g(t)]
2
ʆ (𝑡2) = 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎 = 1, Hence,
𝑠3
4!
Hence, ʆ (𝑡4) = 𝑆5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎 = 5,
2 4!
ʆ [g(t)] = 𝑒−𝑠 (𝑠3) ʆ [g(t)] = 𝑒−5𝑠 (𝑆5)
2𝑒 −𝑠 24𝑒 −5𝑠
ʆ [g(t)] = 𝑠3 𝐴𝑛𝑠. ʆ [g(t)] = 𝑆5 𝐴𝑛𝑠.

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Change of Scale Property

Definition:
If L[ f(t)] = F(s)
Then, ‘-
1 𝑠
L[ f(at)] = F
𝑎
(𝑎 )

𝑠 𝑠
S= (where S is substituted by )
𝑎 𝑎

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Example:
1. Find the laplace transform of f(t) = cos 3t
Solution: Exercises:
1 𝑠
ʆ [f(at) = 𝐹
𝑎 𝑎
Since
𝑠 2. L[ sin 4t]
ʆ (cos t) = 2 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎 = 3, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛
𝑠 +1
1
𝑠
3. L[3(cos 2t)]
ʆ (cos 3t) = [ 𝑠 32 ]
3 ( ) +1 ‘-
1
3
𝑠 4. L[6(sinh t)]
= [ 𝑠 ]
9 (3)2 +1
1 𝑠
= [𝑠2 ]
5. L[3(sin 4t + cos 2t)]
9 +1
9
1 9𝑠
= [ ]
9 𝑠 2 +9

𝑠
ʆ (cos 3t) = 𝐴𝑛𝑠.
𝑠 2 +9

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Multiplication by Power of t;

If L[ f(t)] = F(s), then

𝑑 𝑛
L[tn f(t)] = (-1) n 𝑑𝑠𝑛 F(s) ‘-

where n = 1,2,3. . . n

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