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DEPARTMENT OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Triangular Number Sequence
(Mathematical Investigations)
Group 1
Leader:
Castillo, Dessery C.
Members:
Aquino, Carlo
Banta, John Erick M.
Dotado, Cherry Mae
Sahisa, Justin
Tolentino, Patricia
BSEM 35: Problem-Solving, Mathematical Investigations and Modelling 1|Page
Triangular Number Sequence (GROUP 1)
I. EXPLORATION
➢ Triangular Number Sequence
- A triangular number (Tn) is a figurative number that can be represented in
the form of an equilateral triangular grid of elements such that every
subsequent row contains an element more than the previous one.
➢ List of Triangular Number Sequence
0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, 66, 78, 91, 105, 120,136, 153, 171, 190, 210,
231, 253, 276, 300, 325, 351, 378, 406, 435, 465, 496, 528, 561, 595, 630, 666, 703,
741, 780, 820, 861, 903, 946, 990, 1035, 1081, 1128, 1176, 1225, 1275, 1326, 1378,
1431, and so on.
➢ Triangular numbers appear on Pascal’s Triangle
BSEM 35: Problem-Solving, Mathematical Investigations and Modelling 2|Page
II. CONJECTURES
1. The sum of the natural numbers starting from 1 is always a triangular number.
2. Every triangular number is divisible by 3.
3. Every triangular number has a remainder of 1 when divided by 9.
III. SOLVING/PROVING THE CONJECTURE
1. The sum of the natural numbers starting from 1 is always a triangular number.
➢ 𝑇1 = 1
➢ 𝑇2 = 3
1 + 2= 3
➢ 𝑇3 = 6
1+2+3=6
2. Every triangular number is divisible by 3.
➢ 𝑇3 = 6
6=3x2
6 is divisible by 3
➢ 𝑇5 = 15
15 = 3 x 5
15 is divisible by 3
➢ 𝑇6 = 21
21 = 3 x 7
21 is divisible by 3
3. Every triangular number has a remainder of 1 when divided by 9.
➢ 𝑇4 = 10
10/9 = 1.111
BSEM 35: Problem-Solving, Mathematical Investigations and Modelling 3|Page
or 10 = 9 x 1 + 1 ; +1 is the remainder
➢ 𝑇7 = 28
28/9 = 3.111
or 28 = 9 x 3 + 1 ; +1 is the remainder
➢ 𝑇10 = 55
55/9 = 6.111
or 55 = 9 x 6 + 1 ; +1 is the remainder
IV. REVISIONS
1. The sum of the squares of two consecutive triangular numbers is always a
triangular number.
2. Not all triangular number is divisible by 3 and some numbers divisible by 3 is not
a triangular number.
3. Not all triangular number has a remainder of 1 when divided by 9.
4. The digital root pattern for triangular numbers, repeating every nine terms: “1, 3, 6,
1, 6, 3, 1, 9 (multiples of 9), 9 (multiples of 9)”.
5. The final digit of a triangular number is 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, or 8. It never ends in 2, 4, 7, or
9.
6. The pattern of the final digit of a triangular number is “0, 1, 3, 6, 0, 5, 1, 8, 6, 5 and
it’s reversed form 5, 6, 8, 1, 5, 0, 6, 3, 1, 0”
𝑛 (𝑛+1)
7. To find the nth triangular number, use this formula: 𝑇𝑛 = 2
1. The sum of the squares of two consecutive triangular numbers is always a triangular
number.
➢ (𝑇1 )2 + (𝑇2 )2
𝟏𝟐 + 𝟑𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎
BSEM 35: Problem-Solving, Mathematical Investigations and Modelling 4|Page
10 is a triangular number
➢ (𝑇2 )2 + (𝑇3 )2
𝟑𝟐 + 𝟔𝟐 = 𝟒𝟓
45 is a triangular number
➢ (𝑇3 )2 + (𝑇4 )2
𝟔𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝟐 = 𝟏𝟑𝟔
136 is a triangular number
2. Not all triangular number is divisible by 3 and some numbers divisible by 3 is not a
triangular number.
➢ 10 is a triangular number and is not divisible by 3
➢ 28 is a triangular number and is not divisible by 3
➢ 9 is divisible by 3 but it is not a triangular number
➢ 12 is divisible by 3 but it is not a triangular number
3. Not all triangular number has a remainder of 1 when divided by 9.
➢ 15 divided by 9 has a remainder of 6
➢ 21 divided by 9 has a remainder of 3
➢ 36 divided by 9 has 0 remainder
4. The digital root pattern for triangular numbers, repeating every nine terms: “1, 3, 6, 1, 6, 3,
1, 9 (multiples of 9), 9 (multiples of 9)”.
• 1=9x0+1 • 10 = 9 x 1 + 1
• 3=9x0+3 • 15 + 9 x 1 + 6
• 6=9x0+6 • 21 = 9 x 2 + 3
• 28 = 9 x 3 + 1 • 55 = 9 x 6 + 1
• 36 = 9 x 4 • 66 = 9 x 7 + 3
• 45 = 9 x 5 • 78 = 9 x 8 + 6
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• 91 = 9 x 10 + 1 • 136 = 9 x 15 + 1
• 105 = 9 x 11 + 6 • 153 = 9 x 17
• 120 = 9 x 13 + 3 • 171 = 9 x 19
5. The final digit of a triangular number is 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, or 8. It never ends in 2, 4, 7, or 9.
➢ List of Triangular Number Sequence
0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, 66, 78, 91, 105, 120,136, 153, 171, 190, 210, 231, 253,
276, 300, 325, 351, 378, 406, 435, 465, 496, 528, 561, 595, 630, 666, 703, 741, 780, 820,
861, 903, 946, 990, 1035, 1081, 1128, 1176, 1225, 1275, 1326, 1378, 1431, and so on.
6. The pattern of the final digit of a triangular number is “0, 1, 3, 6, 0, 5, 1, 8, 6, 5 and it’s
reversed form 5, 6, 8, 1, 5, 0, 6, 3, 1, 0”
𝑛 (𝑛+1)
7. To find the nth triangular number, use this formula: 𝑇𝑛 = 2
1 (1+1)
➢ 𝑇1 = 2
𝑻𝟏 = 𝟏
2 (2+1)
➢ 𝑇2 = 2
𝑻𝟐 = 𝟑
3 (3+1)
➢ 𝑇3 = 2
𝑻𝟑 = 𝟔
V. CONCLUSIONS
1. The partial sum of the series of the natural numbers starting from 1 is always a triangular
number.
BSEM 35: Problem-Solving, Mathematical Investigations and Modelling 6|Page
2. The sum of the squares of two consecutive triangular numbers is always a triangular
number.
3. Every triangular number is either divisible by 3 or has a remainder of 1 when divided
by 9. However not all number divisible by 3 is a triangular number (9, 12, 18, etc.)
4. The final digit of a triangular number is 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, or 8. It never ends in 2, 4, 7, or 9.
The pattern of the final digit of a triangular number is “0, 1, 3, 6, 0, 5, 1, 8, 6, 5 and it’s
reversed form 5, 6, 8, 1, 5, 0, 6, 3, 1, 0”
5. The digital root pattern for triangular numbers, repeating every nine terms: “1, 3, 6, 1,
6, 3, 1, 9 (multiples of 9), 9 (multiples of 9)”.
𝑛 (𝑛+1)
6. To find the nth triangular number, use this formula: 𝑇𝑛 = 2
BSEM 35: Problem-Solving, Mathematical Investigations and Modelling 7|Page
