GATE MINING – 2023

General Aptitude
1. The line ran _________ the page, right through the centre, and divided the
page into two.
a. between b. about c. of d. across
Ans: d
Exp: Across represent the motion.
2. Kind: _____________:: Often: Seldom (By word Meaning)
a. Cruel b. Kindness c. Variety d. Type
Ans: a
Exp: Often means regular repetition. Seldom means are opposite. The correct
opposite of kind is cruel. Kindred mean similar or related.
3. In How many ways can cells in a 3 × 3 grid be shaded such that each
column and each row have exactly one shaded cell?

a. 3 b. 6 c. 2 d. 9
Ans: b
Exp: e.g.

3×2×1=6
4. There are 4 red, 5 green, and 6 blue balls inside a box. If 𝑁 number of balls
are picked simultaneously, what is the smallest value of 𝑁 that guarantees
there will beat least two balls of the same colour?
One cannot see the colour of the balls until they are picked.
a. 4 b. 15 c. 5 d. 2
Ans: a
Exp: 3 variety of balls i.e. R, G & B
If we pick up 4 balls, one ball will definitely repeated.
5. Consider a circle with its centre at the origin (O), as shown. Two
operations are allowed on the circle.
Operation 1: Scale independently along the x and y axes.
Operation 2: Rotation in any direction about the origin.
Which figure among the options can be achieved through a combination of
these two operations on the given circle?

Ans: a
Exp: Operation 1:

6. Elvesland is a country that has peculiar beliefs and practices. They express
almost all their emotions by gifting flowers. For instance, if anyone gifts a
white flower to someone, then it is always taken to be a declaration of one’s
love for that person. In a similar manner, the gifting of a yellow flower to
someone often means that one is angry with that person.
Based only on the information provided above, which one of the following
sets of statement(s) can be logically inferred with certainty?
(i) In Elvesland, one always declares one’s love by gifting a white flower.
(ii) In Elvesland, all emotions are declared by gifting flowers.
(iii) In Elvesland, sometimes one expresses one’s anger by gifting a flower
that is not yellow.
(iv) In Elvesland, sometimes one expresses one’s love by gifting a white
flower.
a. only (ii) b. (i), (ii) and (iii)
c. (i), (iii) and (iv) d. only (iv)
Ans: d
7. Three husband-wife pairs are to be seated at a circular table that has six
identical chairs. Seating arrangements are defined only by the relative
position of the people. How many seating arrangements are possible such
that every husband sits next to his wife?
a. 16 b. 4 c. 120 d. 720
Ans: a
Exp:

8. Based only on the following passage, which one of the options can be
inferred with certainty?
When the congregation sang together, Apenyo would also join, though her
little screams were not quite audible because of the group singing. But
whenever there was a special number, trouble would begin; Apenyo would
try singing along, much to the embarrassment of her mother. After two or
three such mortifying Sunday evenings, the mother stopped going to church
altogether until Apenyo became older and learnt to behave.
At home too, Apenyo never kept quiet; she hummed or made up silly songs
to sing by herself, which annoyed her mother at times but most often made
her become pensive. She was by now convinced that her daughter had
inherited her love of singing from her father who had died unexpectedly
away from home.
[Excerpt from These Hills Called Home by Temsula Ao]
a. The mother was embarrassed about her daughter’s singing at home.
b. The mother’s feelings about her daughter’s singing at home were only of
annoyance.
c. The mother was not sure if Apenyo had inherited her love of singing from
her father.
d. When Apenyo hummed at home, her mother tended to become thoughtful.
Ans: d
Exp:
𝒙
9. If x satisfies the equation 𝟒𝟖 = 𝟐𝟓𝟔, then x is equal to __________.
𝟏 𝟐
a. 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟏𝟔 𝟖 b. 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟒 𝟖 c. d.
𝟐 𝟑

Ans: d
𝑥
Exp: 48 = 256
8𝑥 = 4 => (23 ) 𝑥 = 22
= 23x = 22
or 3x = 2
2
or 𝑥 =
3

10. Consider a spherical globe rotating about an axis passing through its
poles. There are three points 𝑃, 𝑄, and 𝑅 situated respectively on the equator,
the north pole, and midway between the equator and the north pole in the
northern hemisphere. Let 𝑃, 𝑄, and 𝑅 move with speeds 𝑣𝑃, 𝑣𝑄, and 𝑣𝑅,
respectively.
Which one of the following options is CORRECT?
a. 𝑣𝑃 < 𝑣𝑅 < 𝑣𝑄 b. 𝑣𝑃 < 𝑣𝑄 < 𝑣𝑅 c. 𝑣𝑃 > 𝑣𝑅 > 𝑣𝑄 d. 𝑣𝑃 = 𝑣𝑅 ≠ 𝑣Q
Ans: c
MINING
11. The Fault pattern shown in the figure is a case of __________

a. Normal fault b. Reverse fault

c. Oblique Slip fault d. Strike slip fault
Ans: c
12. The Blast pattern of a Coal face shown in the figure

a. Burn cut b. Pyramid cut c. Wedge cut d. Drag cut

Ans: b
13. A shear stress Z acts tangentially to the upper surface of the block and
causes a small, deformation ∆𝒘 as shown. The shear strain is calculated by

𝟐∆𝒘 ∆𝒘 ∆𝒘 𝟐∆𝒘
a. b. c. d.
𝒘 𝒘 𝒉 𝒉

Ans: c
Exp:

14. Given Two Vectors ⃗𝑨 ⃗ = 𝟑𝒊̂ + 𝟐𝒋̂ and ⃗𝑩

⃗ = 𝒊̂ + 𝒋̂, the magnitude of
projection of ⃗𝑨
⃗ along ⃗𝑩
⃗ is __________.
𝟓 𝟓 𝟓
a. b. c. d.5
√𝟐 √𝟐𝟔 √𝟏𝟑

Ans: a
⃗
Exp: Scalar Projection of 𝐴 on 𝐵
𝐴×𝐵 ⃗
= ⃗|
|𝐵

3×1+2×1 5
= =
√12+12 √2

15. Axial stress versus axial strain curves for two test results of a porous rock
from triaxial undrained compression tests are shown in the figure. The pore
water pressure for the curve B can be the best explained by
a. U = 0 b. U < 0 c. U > 10 d. 0 < U < 10
Ans: c
Exp:
16. Given two random variables X and Y, the expected value E(3X – 5Y) is
a. 3E(X) – 5E(Y) b. E(X) – E (Y) – E (XY)
c. 3E(X) + 5E(Y) d. 3E(X) – 5E(Y) – 15E(XY)
Ans: a
Exp: E(3X – 5Y) = 3E(X) – 5E(Y)
17. The reaction products of calcium hydroxide with acidic ferruginous mine
water are
a. Fe(OH)3, Ca2+ and H2O b. FeH3, Ca3+ and OH-
c. FeO, Ca+ and H+ d. FeO, CaO and H2O
Ans: A
Exp:
18. An underground coal mine experienced 5 serious injurious, 15 reportable
injuries, and 25 minor injuries during 2020. If the average employment in
the mine is 1200, then the total injury rate per 1000 persons employed is
a. 60 b. 20.83 c. 37.5 d. 54
Ans: c
5+15+25
Exp: The total Injury rate = × 1000 = 37.5
1200
19. A Linear Programming problem is given as
Maximize Z = 4x1 + 2x2
Subject to:
2x1 – 2x2 ≤ 20
4x1 ≤ 80
x1 ≥ 0, x2 ≥ 0
The problem has
a. Unbounded solution b. Multiple optimal solution
c. Unique solution d. Infeasible solution
Ans: a
Exp: Maximize Z = 4x1 + 2x2
2x1 – 2x2 ≤ 20
4x1 ≤ 80,
2x1 – 2x2 = 20 [x1 0, x2 = - 10, x2 = 0, x1 = 10]
4x1 = 80 [x1 = 20, x2 = 0]

20. A tabular, near-flat (dip < 30°), and less than 2m thick copper ore body
having erratically located grade is to be mined underground. Wall rock and
orebody are competent. The most suitable mining method is
a. Breast stoping b. Cut & fill stoping
c. Sub – level stoping d. Underhand open stoping
Ans: a
Exp:
21. x and y are function of independent variables r and 𝜽 as given below
𝒙 = 𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽, 𝒚 = 𝒓𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽
The Jocobian on of x, y is
a. 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 b. 𝒓𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 c. r2 d. r
Ans: d
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥
𝜕(𝑥,𝑦) 𝜕𝑟 𝜕𝜃
Exp: = |𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦
|
𝜕(𝑟,𝜃)
𝜕𝑟 𝜕𝜃

𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 −𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
=| |
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
= 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 + 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
= 𝑟(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃)
=𝑟
22. In project scheduling technique, the CORRECT statement is
a. Both CPM and PERT are probabilistic
b. Both CPM and PERT are deterministic
c. CPM is probabilistic and PERT is deterministic
d. CPM is deterministic and PERT is probabilistic
Ans: d
Exp:
23. As per DGMS guidelines, the risk score in Safety Management Plan for
a hazards is computed as.
a. Consequence × Probability b. Consequence × Exposure
c. Exposure × Probability d. Consequence × Exposure × Probability
Ans: d
Exp: As per DGMS
The Risk Score is safety management plan is
= Consequence × Exposure × Probability
24. Match the following items with their respective contours.
Item Contours
P. Isopachs 1. slope
Q. Isotherms 2. thickness
R. Isocline 3. temperature
a. P – 2, Q – 1, R – 3 b. P – 2, Q – 3, R – 1
c. P – 1, Q – 3, R – 2 d. P – 3, Q – 1, R – 2
Ans: b
Exp:
25. In an astronomical survey at a given station, the pole star is located at an
angle of 𝟐𝟕° from the horizon. The latitude of the survey station in degrees
is
a. 𝟔𝟑° 𝑺 b. 𝟔𝟑° 𝑵 c. 𝟐𝟕°𝑵 d. 𝟐𝟕° 𝑺
Ans: c
Exp:
N X P
27°
Observer
63°
latitude
O
27°
27° 90°
E
C Equator S
W

C = Center of Earth
XOY = horizon
XOP = altitude of polestar = 27°
Here OCS represent the latitude of observer Survey station.
It is 27°.
26. The position tracking of a point by GPS is based on the technique of
a. Trilateration b. Triangulation
c. Analytical resection d. Graphical resection
Ans: a
27. Matrix A is negative definite. Which one of the following is NOT the
correct statement about the matrix?
a. Trace of A is always less than zero
b. It is symmetric
c. All the eigen values are less than zero
d. Determinant of A is always less than zero
Ans: d
Exp: A matrix is – ve Definite if all eigen value are – ve
Determinant of A is always less than zero ( is wrong)
because if matrix is even order than product of eigen value will be + ve
28. The average ore grade of a copper deposite is 0.9%. The recovery of the
metal after processing, smelting and refining is 85%. If the selling price of
refined copper is Rs 640/kg, the sale value in Rs. from mining one tonne ore
is __________.
Ans: 4895 to 4897
Exp: For 1tn of ore
0.9 85
Amount of Cu recovered (kg) = 1000 × × = 7.65 𝑘𝑔/𝑡𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑟𝑒
100 100

Sale Value Rs = 7.65 × 640 = 4896 𝑅𝑠/𝑡𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑟𝑒

29. A slope stability radar shows that the position of a point P in a mine dump
shifts from (200, 700, - 60) m to (200.05, 700.1, - 60.75) m over a time ∆𝒕. The
net displacement in cm of the point P is _____________.
Ans: 75 to 76.50
Exp: The Net displacement is 3D

= √(200.05 − 200)2 + (700.1 − 700)2 + (−60.75 + 60)2

= 0.7583 𝑚 = 75.83 𝑐𝑚
30. A Mohr’s – Coulomb failure envelop of a sandstone rock is given as
𝝈𝟏 = 𝟑𝟎 + 𝟑. 𝟓𝝈𝟑
where 𝝈𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝝈𝟑 measured in MPa, are the major and minor principal stress
respectively. The angle of the failure plane with the 𝝈𝟑 axis in degree is
___________.
Ans: 60 to 63
Exp:

3.5−1
∅ = 𝑆𝑖𝑛−1 ( ) = 33.75°
3.5+1

For triangle ABC

∅
𝜃 = ∅ + 45° −
2
∅
= 45° +
2
33.75
= 45° + = 61.875 = 61.9°
2

31. A punch hole of diameter 10 mm is to be made in a 5 mm thick rock plate

as shown. If the yield strength of rock plate is 25 MPa, the punch force P
required in kN is __________.
Ans: 3.50 to 4.50
Exp: Yield Strength = Punch shear strength
𝐹
𝜏=
𝜋𝑑𝑡
𝐹
=> = 25 × 106 𝑁/𝑚2
𝜋𝑑𝑡
𝐹
=> = 25 × 106 𝑁/𝑚2
𝜋×0.01×0.005

=> 𝐹 = 25 × 106 𝑁/𝑚2 × 𝜋 × 0.01 × 0.005

=> 𝐹 = 3926.99 𝑁 = 3.92699 = 3.93 𝑘𝑁
32. ‘Critical subsidence’ has occurred on the surface due to mining of a flat
longwall panel at a depth of 200 m. The width of panel is 150m. The
maximum width of the panel in m that can be mined at a depth of 300 m, to
reach critical subsidence is ___________.
Ans: 225 to 225
Exp: At Critical width = w = 2𝐻𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛼
𝑤
=> 𝛼 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
2𝐻
150
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = 20.56°
2×200

For wc = 2𝐻𝑡𝑎𝑛20.56° = 2 × 300 × 𝑡𝑎𝑛20.56° = 225 𝑚

33. To increase the resistance of a mine roadway by 1.5 Ns2m-8, the size in m2
of the regulator to be installed is __________.
Ans: 0.95 to 1.07
1.19 1.19
Exp: Size of Regulator A = =
√𝑅 √1.5
 = 0.972 𝑚2 = 0.97 𝑚2
34. A coal seam of 3.0 m height is mined with a double – ended ranging drum
shearer (DERDS) for a web depth of 0.5 m. The coal density is 1.4 tonne/m3.
If the panel width is 150 m, the production per cycle in tonne is ___________.
Ans: 315 to 315
Exp: Amt. of Coal produced/cycle = 150 × 3 × 0.5 × 1.4
= 315 𝑡𝑒/𝑐𝑦𝑐𝑙𝑒
35. In a Panel with 50 workers, a miner typically consumes 2.5 × 10-3 m3/min
of oxygen. The percentage of oxygen in the intake air is 20.95%. To ensure
minimum permissible oxygen in the return air as per CMR 2017 the quantity
of ventilating air in m3/min to be supplied to the panel is _________.
Ans: 6 to 7
Exp: Total O2 consumed by 50 workers/min = 2.5 × 10-3 ×50
= 0.125 m3/min of O2
Assuming x m3/min air supplied to ensure 19% of Minimum permissibility
20.95 19
𝑥× − 0.125 = 𝑥 ×
100 100
20.95−19
=> 𝑥 ( ) = 0.125
100
0.125×100
=> 𝑥 = = 6.41 𝑚3 /𝑚𝑖𝑛
1.95

36. In a quality control process of coal supplied to a thermal plant, the 3 –

sigma control limits for fixed carbon (FC) are defined by 𝟒𝟎% ± 𝟏𝟓%. The
process is termed “out of control” if:
Rule – 1: 4 out of 5 successive values of FC are situated at the same side of
the mean and at a distance more than 1 standard deviation.
Rule – 2: Any one value crosses any of the 3 – sigma control limits.
For the following continuous data of FC (%): 49, 51, 56, 20, 46, 48, 47, 49,
45, 41, 42, 40, the process is
a. out of control because of both rules 1 & 2
b. not out of control
c. out of control because of rule 1 only
d. out of control because of rule 2 only
Ans: a
37. A tunnel diameter of 8m is to be driven in a rock mass having quality
index, Q of 1.0. Assume the excavation support ratio (ESR) of the tunnel is
1.0. The support requirement of the tunnel wall using fiber reinforced
shotcrete (based on the chart prepared by Grimstad and Barton, 1993) is

a. Shotcrete of thickness 5 – 9 cm, bolt length 2.5 – 2.6 m

b. Shotcrete of thickness 9 – 12 cm, bolt length 2.7 – 2.8 m
c. Shotcrete of thickness 9 – 12 cm, bolt length 3.0 – 3.2 m
d. Shotcrete of thickness 5 – 9 cm, bolt length 2.7 – 2.8 m
Ans: d
Exp: As per the graph
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑛 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 8
= =8
𝐸𝑆𝑅 1

Q=1
Found that Short Crete thickness 5 – 9 cm and Bolt length 2.7 – 2.8 cm.
38. Match the following devices with their intended applications.
Devices Application
P. Ground Penetration Radar 1. Spatial positioning of a point
Q. Tactile Sensor 2. Measurement of bore hole
 R. Global Navigation Satellite System 3. Robotic Arm
S. Digital Inclinometer 4. Locating Subsurface features

a. P – 1, Q – 2, R – 3, S – 4 b. P – 4, Q – 3, R – 2, S – 1
c. P – 4, Q – 3, R – 1, S – 2 d. P – 3, Q – 4, R – 2, S – 1
Ans: c
39. The evaluated of the integral
𝒆𝒙−𝟏 +𝒙𝒆−𝟏
𝑰=∫ 𝒅𝒙 yields.
𝒆𝒙 +𝒙𝒆
𝟏 𝟏
a. 𝐥𝐧(𝒆𝒙 − 𝒙𝒆 ) b. 𝐥𝐧(𝒆𝒙 + 𝒙𝒆 ) c. 𝐥𝐧(𝒆𝒙 + 𝒙𝒆 ) d. 𝐥𝐧(𝒆𝒙 − 𝒙𝒆 )
𝒆 𝒆

Ans: b
𝑑 1
Exp:
𝑑𝑥 𝑒
( ln(𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑒 ) )
𝑑
1 1 (𝑒 𝑥 +𝑥 𝑒 )
𝑑𝑥
= ×
𝑒 𝑒 𝑥 +𝑥 𝑒
1 𝑒 𝑥 +𝑒𝑥 𝑒−1
= ( )
𝑒 𝑒 𝑥 +𝑥 𝑒

𝑒 𝑥−1 +𝑥 𝑒−1
=
𝑒 𝑥 +𝑥 𝑒

40. Given the function

f(x) = |x| + |x – 1|,
For all the real values of x, which one of the following statement is
CORRECT?
a. The function is continuous and not differentiable at one point.
b. The function is continuous but not differentiable at two point.
c. The function is continuous and differentiable.
d. The function is discontinuous.
Ans: b
Exp: f(x) =|x| + |x – 1|
f(x) = - x – (x – 1), x ≤ 0
= x – (x – 1), 0≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1
= x + x – 1, x ≥ 1
∴ 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 − 2𝑥, 𝑥 < 0
= 1, 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1
= 2𝑥 − 1, 𝑥 ≥ 1
At x = 0 lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim−1 − 2𝑥 = 1
𝑥→0− 𝑥→0

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim+1 = 1

𝑥→0+ 𝑥→0

It is continuous at x = 0
At x = 1 lim− 𝑓(𝑥) = lim−1 = 1
𝑥→1 𝑥→1

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim+2𝑥 − 1 = 1

𝑥→1+ 𝑥→1

It is continuous at x = 1
But it is not differentiable at x = 0, 1
41. The slope and intercept values of three linear equations are
Equation
Slope Intercept
no.
1 2.0 3.0
2 4.0 5.0
3 6.0 2.0

The above system of equations has

a. Multiple solutions b. A single solution
c. Trivial solution d. No Solution
Ans: d
Exp: Equation of straight line is
y = mx + C (m = slope, C = intercept)
y = 2x + 3 => 2x – y = - 3
y = 4x + 5 => 4x – y = - 5
y = 6x + 2 => 6x – y = - 2
 2 −1 −3 𝑅 → 𝑅 − 2𝑅
(4 −1 −5) 𝑅2 → 𝑅2 − 3𝑅1
6 −1 −2 3 3 1

2 −1 −3
(0 1 1 ) 𝑅3 → 𝑅3 − 2𝑅2
0 2 7
2 −1 −3 𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑘 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 = 2
(0 1 1)
𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑘 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝑢𝑔𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑑 = 3
0 0 5
Rank of Coeff. matrix ≠ Rank of Augumented
It has no solution.

42. A regression line is constructed between shovel production rate and

shovel swing angle for 50 observations as shown below:
Estimated
Standard error
Intercept Parameter
slope 29.6 13.45
2.5 1.32

t – values corresponding to level of significance (P) and degree of freedom

(DF)

If residuals are normally distributed and significance tests of the parameters

are conducted at 0.05 significance level the true statement is ___________.
a. Both intercept and slope are significant.
b. Intercept is significant but slope is not significant.
c. Intercept is not significant but slope is significant.
d. Both intercept and slope are not significant.
Ans: b
 𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
Exp: t – value =
𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟

for intercept
29.6
t value = = 2.2
13.45

for slope
2.5
t value = = 1.89
1.32

That is change in production in either direction due to change in shovel swing in

either direction
Suitable test assumed two – tailed t – test
0.05
For which P value = = 0.025
2

Now (t value)intercept (= 2.2) > (t value) (= 2.042)

P = 0.025
=> Intercept is Significant
(t value)Slope (= 1.89) < t value (= 2)
P = 0.025
=> Slope is not Significant.
43. A duct of diameter 0.60 m with an exhausting fan has – 97.5 mm wg static
pressure behind the fan when the air flow rate is 4.0 m3/s. If an evasee with
inlet to outlet area ratio of 1: 4 and efficiency 60% is attached to the oulet of
the fan, the static pressure of the fan in mm of wg becomes.
a. – 99.13 b. – 80.6 c. – 104.26 d. – 90.73
Ans: c
Exp:

0.6 m

3
𝑉12 𝑉22 5 mm (PS), Q = 4 m /s
- 97.
PS gain due to evasee (mm) = ( − )×𝜂
2𝑔 2𝑔
 4
𝑉1 = 𝜋 = 14.15 𝑚/𝑠
(0.6)2
4

4
𝑉2 = 𝜋 = 3.53 𝑚/𝑠
4× (0.6)2
4

(14.15)2 −(3.53)2
PS gain = × 0.6 = 5.73
2×9.81

The New Static Pressure of Fan = −97.5 − 5.73 = −103.23 𝑚𝑚 𝑤𝑔

44. Coordinate of two points A and B are (E 0 m, N 200 m) and (E 300 m, N
200 m), respectively. The bearing of two lines AO and BO are ° 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝟑𝟓° ,
respectively. The easting of point O, in m, is _________.
Ans: 426 to 427.64

Exp:
0
N
l1

67° l2
35°
A B
(200𝑁, 300 𝐸)

200 m

𝑙1 𝑠𝑖𝑛67° = 300 + 𝑙2 𝑠𝑖𝑛35°

𝑙1 𝑠𝑖𝑛67° − 𝑙2 𝑠𝑖𝑛35° = 300 _________(1)
200 + 𝑙1 𝑐𝑜𝑠67° = 𝑙2 𝑐𝑜𝑠35° + 200
𝑙2 𝑐𝑜𝑠35°
𝑙1 =
𝑐𝑜𝑠67°

𝑙1 = 2.096 𝑙2
from eq. (1)
2.096 𝑙2 𝑠𝑖𝑛67° − 𝑙2 𝑠𝑖𝑛35° = 300
𝑙2 = 221.202
Independent – easting = 300 + 221.202 𝑠𝑖𝑛35° = 426.88 𝑚
45. Data related to a surface miner operation are given below:
Drum width (m) = 3.0
Average cutting depth (cm) = 20
Average cutting speed (m/min) = 25
Length of pit (m) = 500
Turning time (min) = 2
Truck exchange time (s) = 30
Truck capacity (m3) = 15
Considering in situ volume the production rate of the surface miner in m3/hr,
is __________.
Ans: 555 to 578
Exp: Drum width = 3, depth of cut = 20 cm = 0.2 m
V = 25 m/min, L = 500 m, t = 2 min
Truck exchange time = 30 sec, Truck Capacity = 15 m3
500
Time to cut Full length = = 20 𝑚𝑖𝑛
25
15𝑚3
time to fill one truck = = 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛
3×0.2×25

truck exchange time = 30 sec

Maximum truck volume can be filled within 20 min is
= 20 × 15 = 300 𝑚3
15 m3 truck volume is filled in 1.5 min
1.5
1 m3 filled =
15
1.5
300 m3 volume is cut by = × 300 = 30 𝑚𝑖𝑛
15

Then S/m turning time is 2 min

So, 32 min → 300 m3 is cut by S/m
300
60 min → × 60 = 562.5 𝑚3 /ℎ𝑟
32
46. A continuous miner served by two shuttle cars produces 240 tonne/hr.
The capacity of each shuttle car is 10 tonne. When a single shuttle car
operates, the cycle time becomes 4 min. In case one the shuttle cars is under
break-down, the reduction in hourly production from that of two cars in
percent is ________.
Ans: 37 to 38
Exp: Cycle time of one shuttle car = 4 min
10
hourly capacity of one shuttle car = × 60 = 150 𝑡𝑛/ℎ𝑟
4
240−150
reduction in % of production = × 100 = 37.5%
240

47. A circular tunnel is developed in a biaxial in situ stress field as shown in

the figure. If ratio between tangential stress at the boundary point A and
that at the boundary point B is 2.0, the value of k is ________.

Ans: 0.30 to 0.35

Exp: 𝜎𝜃𝜃 = 𝑃0 [(1 + 𝐾) + 2(1 − 𝐾)𝐶𝑜𝑠2𝜃]
𝜎𝜃𝜃 ]𝜃=0 = 𝑃0 [(1 + 𝐾) + 2(1 − 𝐾)𝐶𝑜𝑠0°] = 𝑃0 [1 + 𝐾 + 2 − 2𝐾] = 𝑃0 [3 − 𝐾]
𝜎𝜃𝜃 ]𝜃=45° = 𝑃0 [(1 + 𝐾) + 2(1 − 𝐾)𝐶𝑜𝑠90°] = 𝑃0 [1 + 𝐾]
𝜎𝜃𝜃 ]𝐴 𝑃0 [3−𝐾]
= =2
𝜎𝜃𝜃 ]𝐵 𝑃0 [1+𝐾]

=> 3 − 𝐾 = 2 + 2𝐾
=> 1 = 3𝐾
1
=> 𝐾 = = 0.33
3
48. Strength of a rectangular coal pillar in MPa is given by
𝒘 𝒘𝟐
𝑺𝑷 = 𝑺𝟏 (𝟎. 𝟔𝟒 + 𝟎. 𝟓𝟒 − 𝟎. 𝟏𝟖 )
𝒉 𝒍𝒉

where w, 𝒍(≥ 𝒘) and h are width, Length and height of the pillar,
respectively. The parameter S1 is constant.
A 30 m square pillar is split into two halves shown in figure. The height of
pillar is 3m. The ratio of safety factors between one half – pillar and the
original square pillar is ___________.

Ans: 0.49 to 0.52

𝛾𝐻(35)2
Exp: Stress on original pillar =
(30)2

𝛾𝐻(35×17.5)
Stress on half of pillar =
(30×12.5)

30 302
Strength of original pillar = 𝑆1 (0.64 + 0.54 − 0.18 ) = 4.24 𝑆1
3 3×30

12.5 12.52
Strength of half pillar = 𝑆1 (0.64 + 0.54 − 0.18 ) = 2.57 𝑆1
3 3×30
4.24 𝑆1 𝑆1
𝐹𝑜𝑆(𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟) = = 3.11
𝛾𝐻×1.36 𝛾𝐻
2.57 𝑆1 𝑆1
𝐹𝑜𝑆(ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟) = = 1.57
𝛾𝐻×1.63 𝛾𝐻
𝑆
1.57 1
𝛾𝐻
Ratio of FoS = 𝑆 = 0.50
3.11 1
𝛾𝐻
49. A dozer pushes up a 100 kg Spool of cabel along a 𝟐𝟎° incline road at a
constant velocity as shown in the figure. The coefficient of static friction
between dozer bucket and the spool (Point B) is 0.45, and coefficient of
kinetic friction between road and pool (Point A) is 0.15.
Consider the spool only slides up the incline. The maximum normal force in
N acting at point B, is __________.

Ans: 495 to 510

𝑁1
Exp: 𝜇2 𝑁2

𝑁2 =?

𝑚𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃

𝑚𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝜇1 𝑁1

∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0, 𝑁2 = 𝜇1 𝑁1 + 𝑚𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0, 𝑁1 = 𝜇2 𝑁2 + 𝑚𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑁2 = 𝜇1 (𝜇2 𝑁2 + 𝑚𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃) + 𝑚𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝜇1 𝑚𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃+𝑚𝑔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝑁2 = 1−𝜇1 𝜇2

0.15×100×9.81𝑐𝑜𝑠20°+100×9.81𝑠𝑖𝑛20°
𝑁2 = 1−0.15×0.45
= 508.1𝑁
50. Stress waves are sent from the transmitter A to the receiver B through
an isotropic and elastic cylindrical rock specimen as shown in figure.
The length of the specimen is 100 mm. The travel time of longitudinal and
shear waves are 0.025 ms and 0.04 ms, respectively. The Poisson’s ratio of
the rock specimen is __________.

Ans: 0.27 to 0.29

Exp: Assuming longitudinal wave velocity is dependent of Youngs elastic
modulus.
𝐸 = 𝜌𝑉𝐿2
Like wise
G = 𝜌𝑉𝑆2
Here,
Longitudinal wave velocity
100 𝑚𝑚
𝑉𝐿 = = 4000 𝑚𝑚/𝑚𝑠
0.025 𝑚𝑠

Shear wave velocity

100 𝑚𝑚
𝑉𝑆 = = 2500 𝑚𝑚/𝑚𝑠
0.04 𝑚𝑠

We know, 𝐸 = 2𝐺(1 + 𝜇)
𝐸
=> = 2(1 + 𝜇)
𝐺
𝐸
=> 𝜇 = −1
2𝐺

𝜌𝑉𝐿2
= −1
2𝜌𝑉𝑆2
 (4000)2
= −1
2×(2500)2

= 0.28
51. A jointed rock sample is subjected to 20 MPa vertical stress as shown in
the figure.
The modulus of elasticity of the rock is 10 GPa and the normal stiffness of
the joint surface is 5 GPa/m. Assuming one-dimensional elastic behaviour of
rock and joint, the displacement in mm of the loading surface AB is_____.

Ans: 4 to 4.5
52. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with payload of 2 kg reaches
vertically 100 m in 10 s at uniform velocity. The self-weight of the UAV is 1.2
kg. The power required in lifting in kW is _____.
Ans: 0.30 to 0.32
Exp: Total weight of UAV = 1.2 + 2 = 3.2 kg
𝑚𝑔ℎ 3.2×9.81×100
The power required to lift = =
∆𝑇 10

= 313.92 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡 = 0.314 𝑘 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

= 0.31 𝑘𝑤
53. An irregular shaped rock sample of mass 60 g displaces 27 g of brine
when submerged in a filled jar. The specific gravity of brine is 1.05. The unit
weight of the rock sample in kN/m3 is_____.
Ans: 22.59 to 23.19
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 60 𝑔𝑚 60 𝑔𝑚
Exp: 𝜌𝑟𝑜𝑐𝑘 = = =
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 27/1.05 25.71 𝑐𝑚3

= 2.33 𝑔𝑚/𝑐𝑚3
= 2.33 𝑡𝑛/𝑚3
= 22.86 𝑘𝑁/𝑚3
𝒕 𝟎.𝟓
54. The reliability function of a pump is given as 𝑹(𝒕) = 𝒆𝒙𝒑 [− ( ) ],
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎
where t stands for time in years. If the pump comes with a six-month
warranty, the number of years for the pump to attain a reliability of 0.9 is
___________.
Ans: 14.50 to 17
Exp: Reliability:-
The Pump has warranty up to 0.5 yrs
So by using conditional reliability
0.5+𝑡 0.5
−( )
𝑒 1000
𝑅= 0.5 0.5
= 0.9
−( )
𝑒 1000
0.5+𝑡 0.5
−( )
=> 𝑒 1000 = 0.88
0.5+𝑡 0.5
=> − ( ) = −0.127
1000
0.5+𝑡
=> = 0.0163
1000

=> 0.5 + 𝑡 = 16.3

=> 𝑡 = 16.3 − 0.5 = 15.8 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠
55. In a sample of groundwater, the concentration of Ca2+ is 200 mg/l. The
Corresponding calcium carbonate hardness is mg/l is _________.
Ans: 490 to 510
Exp: CH =
Ca+2 = 200 mg/l
𝑚𝑔 1
Ca+2 = 200 × 𝑚𝑔 × 50𝑚𝑔 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑜3 /𝑟𝑒𝑞
𝑙 20
𝑟𝑒𝑞

= 500 𝑚𝑔/𝑙 𝑎𝑠 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑜3

56. A thermal power station receives coal of calorific value 4000 kcal/kg and
uses 7000 tonnes of coal every day. Assuming 860 kcal is the heat equivalent
of 1.0 kWh. for a thermal efficiency of 40% and electrical efficiency of 85%
the power generation per day in MWh is ___________.
Ans: 11060 to 11080
Exp: Total heat value = 4000 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙/𝑘𝑔 × 7000 × 103
= 2.8 × 1010 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙/𝑑𝑎𝑦
860 kcal is equivalent to 1 kWh
1
1 kcal is equivalent =
860
1
2.8 × 1010 = × 2.8 × 1010 = 32558139.53 𝑘𝑊ℎ = 32558.14 𝑀𝑊ℎ
860

Effective power generation = 32558.14 × 0.4 × 0.85 = 11069.77 𝑀𝑊ℎ/𝑑𝑎𝑦

57. A coal company has three mines which transport coal to four washeries.
The daily production from each mine, the demand at each washery and unit
transportation cost from each mine to each washery are given in table

Washery
Supply
Mine W1 W2 W3 W4
(tonne/day)
M1 19 30 50 10 700
M2 70 30 40 60 900
M3 40 8 70 20 1800
Demand
500 800 700 1400
(Tonne/day)

The cost of initial basic feasible solution using Vogel approximation method
is __________.
Ans: 77900 to 77900
Exp:

Cost = (500 × 19) + (800 × 8) + (700 × 40) + (200 × 10) + (200 × 60) + (1000 ×
20) = 77900
58. A workshop has four tasks and equal number of machines to perform the
tasks. Each of the machines can perform one of the four tasks. The estimated
cost at each of the machines to complete each task is given in the table.
TASK
T1 T2 T3 T4
M1 10 40 60 30
MACHINE
M2 90 70 100 90
M3 40 50 110 70
M4 80 70 80 50

The total cost of optimal assignment is _______________.

Ans: 210 to 210
Exp: Assignment
T1 T2 T3 T4
M1 10 40 60 30
M2 90 70 100 90
M3 40 50 110 70
M4 80 70 80 50

1st step
T1 T2 T3 T4
M1 0 30 50 20
M2 20 0 30 20
M3 0 10 70 30
M4 30 20 30 0

2nd step
T1 T2 T3 T4
M1 0 30 20 20
M2 20 0 0 20
M3 0 10 40 30
M4 30 20 0 0

3rd step
T1 T2 T3 T4
M1 0 20 10 10
M2 30 0 0 20
M3 0 0 30 20
M4 40 20 0 0
Cost = 10 + 100 + 50 + 50 = 210
59. The time between consecutive accidents in days in an underground coal
mine in a year are follows
10,15,6,18,12,14,16,9,21,15,26,18,22,25,13
Assuming exponential distribution, the probability that there will be no
accident over a 10-day period is ________.
Ans: 0.52 to 0.56
Exp: mean of accident
= 𝜇 = 𝛽 = 10 + 15 + 6 + 18 + 12 + 14 + 16 + 9 + 21 + 15 + 26 + 18 +
22 + 25 + 13
240
= = 16
15
1 1 1
mean = 𝜇 = => 𝜆 = =
𝜆 𝜇 16

f(x) = 𝜆𝑒 −𝜆𝑥 𝑥 ≥ 0
𝑥′
1 −
= 𝑒 16
16

𝑓(𝑎) = 𝑃(𝑥 ≤ 𝑎) = 1 − 𝑒 −𝜆𝑎

−10
Accident occour in 10 days = 𝑃(𝑥 ≤ 10) = 1 − 𝑒 16
−5
= (1 − 𝑒 8 ) = 0.464

No accident occours in 10 days = 1 – P (accident)

= 1 – 0.464 = 0.536
60. A surface mine blast pattern has spacing 4m and burden 3m. The
diameter of the drill hole is 110 mm. The drilling length is 8.8 m including
Subgrade of 10%. The bulk explosive density is 900 kg/m3.
If the powder factor is 2.5 m3/kg, the charge length in m is ____________.
Ans: 4.45 to 4.55
Exp: Spacing = 4 m, D = 0.11 m, Burden = 3 m
L = 8.8 m, 𝜌𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑒 = 900 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
Charge length = BH + 0.1 BH
=> 8.8 = 1.1 BH

=> BH = 8m (Bench height)

𝜋
Amt. Explosive = (0.11)2 × 𝑥 × 900 = 8.553𝑥 𝑘𝑔
4

𝐵𝐻 ×𝑆×𝐵
𝑃𝐹 = 2.5 𝑚3 /𝑘𝑔 =
8.553×𝑥

8×4×3
=> 𝑥 = = 4.489 𝑚 = 4.49 𝑚
8.553×2.5

61. A mining company makes an initial investment of Rs 200 Crore on a

Project. The following data are available.
Production Line: 3 years
Year wise Production after gestation period (M tonne): 1.0, 2.0 & 1.0
Stripping ratio: 1.5 m3/tonne
Selling price of ore: Rs. 2000 per tonne
Ore mining cost: Rs. 500 per tonne
Waste Mining cost: Rs. 500 per m3
Discount rate: 10%
By ignoring any other cash – flows. If the NPV of the project becomes Rs
5.367 crore, the gestation period of the project in years, is __________.

Ans: 2 to 2
Exp:

x+1 x+2 x+3

200 Crore

(x + 1)th year Profit

= (1 × 2000 × 106 ) − (1 × 106 × 500 + 1.5 × 106 × 500)
= 75 × 107
(x + 2)th year Profit
= (2 × 2000 × 106 ) − (2 × 500 × 106 + 2 × 1.5 × 500 × 106 )
= 150 × 107
(x + 3)th year Profit
= (1 × 2000 × 106 ) − (1 × 500 × 106 + 1 × 1.5 × 500 × 106 )
= 75 × 107
−200×107 75×107 150×107 75×107
=> 𝑁𝑉𝑃 = + + +
(1+0.1)0 (1+0.1) 𝑥+1 𝑥+2
(1+0.1) (1+0.1)𝑥+3

−200 75 150 75
=> 5.367 = 0
++ 𝑥+1
+ 𝑥+2
+
(1.1) (1.1) (1.1) (1.1)𝑥+3

248.5
=> (1.1)𝑋 =
205.367

=> (1.1)𝑋 = 1.21

=> xlog(1.1) = log(1.21)
log(1.21)
=> 𝑥 = = 2 𝑦𝑟𝑠
log(1.1)

62. A rock slope is intercepted by a joint plane at an angle 𝟑𝟎° as shown in

figure.

The following data are available

Unit weight of rock: 20 kN/m3
Cohesion of joint: 30 kPa
Friction angle of joint: 𝟐𝟐°
The factor of safety of the rock slope to slide along the joint plane is
__________
Ans: 1.50 to 1.54
ℎ
Exp: 𝐴 = ×1
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
20
= = 40𝑚2
𝑠𝑖𝑛30°

𝛾ℎ𝑏2
𝑤= [𝑐𝑜𝑡𝛼 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝛽]
2
20×(20)2
= [√3 − 1]
2

= 2928.2 𝐾𝑁
𝐶𝐴+𝑤 Cos 𝛼 tan ∅
𝐹𝑜𝑆 =
𝑤 sin 𝛼
30×40+2928.2 cos 30° tan 22°
= = 1.52
2928.2×sin 30°

63. A mine void of width 20m, length 50m and height 30 m is to be filled
width mill tailings based cemented paste back fill (CPB). The CPB contains
tailings: cement: water as 1.0: 0.1: 0.2 by weight the specific gravity of
tailings and cement are 2.8 and 2.4 respectively. Assuming 20% of the
original volume of water is retained in the final backfill. The amount of
cement in tonne required so as to fill the void completely is __________.
Ans: 6800 to 6850
Exp: CPB contains 1: 0.1: 0.2 by wt
1 0.1 0.2
: : 𝑏𝑦 𝑣𝑜𝑙.
2.8 2.4 1

=> 0.36: 0.042: 0.2 𝑏𝑦 𝑣𝑜𝑙.

20 % of water retained => 0.36 + 0.042: 0.04 𝑏𝑦 𝑣𝑜𝑙.
0.042
Vol. of Cement in back fill = 30000 × = 2850.68 𝑚3
0.36+0.042+0.04

=> Amt. of Cement = 2850.68 × 2.4 = 6841.63 𝑡𝑒

64. A fan installed in a mine ventilated system circulates 30 m3/s of air to two
districts A and B as shown in figure. It is desired to increase the quantity of
air by 20% in the district B using a booster fan in it. Assuming that the main
fan pressure is unchanged, the pressure of the booster fan, in Pa, is
__________.
Ans: 305 to 325
Exp:

Mine Resistance RM = 0.2 + 0.2 + 0.686 = 1.086

Pressure developed by fan = 1.086 × (30)2 = 977.4 𝑃𝑎
=> 977.4 = 0.4(30)2 + 4 × (𝑄𝐵 )2
=> 𝑄𝐵 = 12.42 𝑚3 /𝑠
QB to be increased to = 14.9 m3/s

977.4 = 0.4 (𝑄)2 + 2 × (𝑄 − 14.9)2

=> 977.4 = 0. 4𝑄2 + 2[𝑄2 + 222.01 − 29.8𝑄]
=> 977.4 = 2. 4𝑄2 + 444.02 − 29.8𝑄
=> 2. 4𝑄2 − 29.8𝑄 − 533.38 = 0
=> 𝑄 = 31.82 𝑚3 /𝑠
977.4 = 0.4(31.82)2 + 4(14.9)2 − 𝑃𝐵
=> 𝑃𝐵 = 315.64 𝑃𝑎
65. Data related to a water turbine pump with backward bladed impeller are
given below:
Impellers diameter: 35 cm
RPM: 1200
Angle of curvature of blade: 𝟑𝟎°
Radial velocity of discharge: 2 m/s
Manometric efficiency: 0.8
The no. of Impellers required in the pump to lift water by a height 300 m is
___________.
Ans: 10 to 10
𝐴𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑑 300
Exp: Total Theo. head required = = = 375 𝑚
𝜂𝑀𝑎𝑛𝑜 0.8

Head developed by each Impeller (backward Bladed)

𝑣2 𝑣𝑢𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃
𝐻= −
𝑔 𝑔

(21.98)2 (21.98×2×𝑐𝑜𝑡30°)
=> 𝐻 = − = 41.49 𝑚
9.81 9.81
𝜋𝐷𝑁 𝜋×0.35×1200
𝑉= = = 21.98 𝑚/𝑠
60 60

𝑈 = 2 𝑚/𝑠
375
No. of Impellers required = = 9.038 ≈ 10
41.49