SECTION 8
1. C To solve for y, begin by adding y to both sides of the equation, which gives you 6 =
3y – 6. Then add 6 to both sides, which gives you 12 = 3y. Now divide both sides by
3, and you find that y = 4. You can also plug in the answer choices for any question
that asks you to solve for a variable: 6 – 4 = 2(4) – 6.
2. B This is what is called a visual perception problem. It’s like a maze. Just put your
pencil on a and see which other letter you can connect to a without crossing any
lines. The only letter you can reach directly is w, all the way in the middle.
3. C This is a perfect calculator question. Just add the morning shift and the afternoon
shift for each day and see which total is the greatest. The total for both Tuesday and
Wednesday (the greatest) is 575 + 595 = 1,170.
4. A For this question, you need to know that volume equals length × width × height.
You know that the volume is 16,500, the depth, or height, is 10, and the length is 75.
Just put those numbers in the formula: 16,500 = 75 × w × 10. Use your calculator to
solve for w, which equals 22.
5. D The idea of the rest in this question can save you from doing unnecessary
arithmetic. If 40% of the records are jazz, then the rest, or 60%, are blues. Because
there are 80 records, just use your calculator to find 60% of 80, which is 48.
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6. D Use a Ratio Box:
There are 20 girls and 15 boys, so there are 5 more girls than boys.
7. B Try plugging in some values for x and see if the graphs include that point. If x = 0,
then y = 0, so, (0, 0) should be a point on the graph. Unfortunately this doesn’t
eliminate anything. If x = 1, then y = 2, so, (1, 2) should be a point on the graph.
Eliminate A, C, D, and E.
8. C Plug in the answers starting with C. If the length is 16, the width is half of that. 16 ÷
2 = 8. Area is length × width. So, does 128 = 16 × 8? Yes, so C is correct.
Alternatively, write an equation. The equation is area = w × 2w. So, 128 = 2w2.
Divide by 2 to get 64 = w2. Take the square root of both sides to find w = 8. The
length is twice this width, so length = 2 × 8 = 16, so the answer is C.
9. C Plug in! Let’s make T = .5 and S = –.8. Because a positive number divided by a
negative number is negative, eliminate D and E. .5 ÷ –.8 = –.625, which is closest to
C.
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10. A Once again, plug in: Let’s say x = 50. Now you can translate the question:
If you work this out on your calculator, you should get 50 as your target answer.
If x = 50, the only answer that works is A.
11. E Because A is the center of one circle and B is a point on the circumference, is r.
and are also r. Whenever a line is tangent to a circle, the radius drawn to the
point of tangency is perpendicular to the line. So, and are perpendicular to
. That means ABCD is a square. Plug in for the radius, say r = 6. The area of a
square is the square of a side, so the area is 36. Plug 6 into the answer choices to
see which agrees with 36. Only E is 36!
12. E This is a perfect question for PITA (Plugging In The Answers). The question asks for
the greatest possible number of 20-ounce boxes. Start with C. If there are twenty-
five 20-ounce boxes, then there are twenty-five 8-ounce boxes because a total of 50
boxes were purchased. In this case, the twenty-five 20-ounce boxes weigh 500
ounces, and the twenty-five 8-ounce boxes weigh 200 ounces; the total is 700
ounces. This is too big because the question says the total weight was less than 600.
If C is too big, A and B must also be too big; eliminate all three. If you try D, the total
weight is 604 ounces, which is still too big. So the answer must be E.
13. D Here’s yet another chance to plug in because of the variables in the answer
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choices. In this case, you have several variables. You should start by plugging in
values for x and y, and then work out c. Because x > y > 0, let’s say x = 6 and y = 3.
Therefore, , which equals . The question asks for the value of , which is
the reciprocal of , or 2. This is your target answer. If you plug x = 6 and y = 3 into
all of the answer choices, you’ll find that only D equals 2.
14. D Test the answer choices. The first number in each pair represents x, and the second
number represents y. The ordered pair should work in both functions. Try C in the
first equation: Does 0 = (1) + 2? No. So, C is not the answer. Try D in the first
equation: Does 4 = (2) + 2? Yes. So, try D in the second equation: Does 4 = (2)2 + 2
– 2? Yes. Because D works in both equations, it is the correct answer.
15. A This a great opportunity to Plug In The Answers! Start with C, and plug into g(x) first:
|22 – 10| = 6. Now plug that value into f(x): + 2 = 5. Cross out C. Now the tough
decision is whether or not a bigger or smaller value of a is needed. If you aren’t
sure which way to go, then just try another answer. For instance, plug D into g(x):
|62 – 10| = 26. Now into f(x): + 2 = 15. You got a lot further away from the
answer, and using D resulted in a number much too big! Cross out E as well, and try
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one of the first two answers. Plug A into g(x): . Now into f(x): + 2 = 6!
A is the correct answer.
16. E There are variables in the answer choices, so plug in. However, you can’t plug in a
value for all the variables at once because you must follow the rules of geometry.
(Makes sense, right? It’s the last question in the section.) Let’s start by saying a =
70 and b = 60. Because PQRS is a parallelogram, angle Q must equal angle S, so
angle S also equals 60. If you look at the big triangle that contains a and c, you
already know that two of the angles are 60 and 70, so the third angle, c, must be 50.
You know that PQ and SR are parallel and, you can see that x is a big angle and a is
a small angle. So a + x = 180. Because a = 70, that means x = 110. Therefore, your
target answer is 110. Plug your values for a, b, and c into the answers and you’ll
find that E equals 110.
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