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3a. WALLIS FORMULA

The document introduces the Wallis formula for evaluating integrals of the form ∫02πsinmxcosnxdx where m and n are integers greater than or equal to 0. It provides the formula and explains how to apply it to evaluate specific integrals involving sinusoidal functions. It then works through 5 examples evaluating integrals using the Wallis formula.

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Mildred Cardenas Bañez
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11K views8 pages

3a. WALLIS FORMULA

The document introduces the Wallis formula for evaluating integrals of the form ∫02πsinmxcosnxdx where m and n are integers greater than or equal to 0. It provides the formula and explains how to apply it to evaluate specific integrals involving sinusoidal functions. It then works through 5 examples evaluating integrals using the Wallis formula.

Uploaded by

Mildred Cardenas Bañez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WALLIS FORMULA

The integral
𝜋
2
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑚 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (1)
0
in which m and n are integers  0, arises over and over again in
elementary applications. Fortunately, the integral (1) can be
evaluated simply, with a formula which is easy to remember in words,
though bulky looking in symbols. Until it ends in 2 or 1
𝜋
2 𝑚 − 1 𝑚 − 3 ∙∙∙∙∙∙ 21𝑜𝑟 𝑛 − 1 𝑛 − 3 ∙∙∙∙∙ 21𝑜𝑟
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑚 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 2 .𝛼
0 𝑚 + 𝑛 𝑚 + 𝑛 − 2 ∙∙∙∙∙ 1𝑜𝑟

In which
𝜋
 = 2, if m and n are both even
 = 1, if otherwise
Rule. If the first factor in any of the products to be formed in
applying Wallis’ formula, for m, n  0, is less than one, replace that
product by unity.
𝜋
Example 1: Evaluate 2
0
𝑠𝑖𝑛8 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Solution:
Here: 𝑚 = 8, and 𝑛 = 4. 𝑚 + 𝑛 = 12 . Since 𝑚 and 𝑛 are both
𝜋
even, then  = 2
𝜋
2
8−1 8−3 8−5 8−7 4−1 4−3 𝜋
𝑠𝑖𝑛8 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 8 + 4 12 − 2 12 − 4 12 − 6 12 − 8 12 − 10 ∙ 2
0

7 ∙ 5 ∙ 3 ∙ 1 3 ∙ 1 𝜋
= ∙
12 ∙ 10 ∙ 8 ∙ 6 ∙ 4 ∙ 2 2
7𝜋
=
2048
𝜋
Example 2: Evaluate 0
2 𝑠𝑖𝑛5 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 6 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Solution:
Here: 𝑚 = 5, 𝑛 = 6, 𝑚 + 𝑛 = 11, and 𝛼 = 1.

𝜋
2 5−1 5−3 6−1 6−3 6−5
5 6
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∙1
0
5 + 6 11 − 2 11 − 4 11 − 6 11 − 8 11 − 10

4 ∙ 2 5 ∙ 3 ∙ 1
= ∙ 1
11 ∙ 9 ∙ 7 ∙ 5 ∙ 3 ∙ 1

8
=
693
𝜋
Example 3: Evaluate 2
0
𝑠𝑖𝑛3 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 5 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Solution:
Here: 𝑚 = 3, 𝑛 = 5, 𝑚 + 𝑛 = 8, and 𝛼 = 1.

𝜋
2 3−1 5−1 5−3
3 5
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∙1
0
3+5 8−2 8−4 8−6

2 4 ∙ 2
= ∙ 1
8 ∙ 6 ∙ 4 ∙ 2

1
=
24
𝜋
Example 4: Evaluate 0
2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 7 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛1 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Solution:
Here: 𝑚 = 7, 𝑛 = 1, 𝑚 + 𝑛 = 8, and 𝛼 = 1.
𝑛
𝜋
2 7−1 7−3 7−5 1
7 1
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∙1
0
7+1 8−2 8−4 8−6

6 ∙ 4 ∙ 2 1
= ∙1
8 ∙ 6 ∙ 4 ∙ 2

1
=
8
𝜋
Example 5: Evaluate 0
2 𝑠𝑖𝑛7 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Solution:
𝜋
Here: 𝑚 = 7, 𝑚 + 𝑛 = 7, and 𝛼 = .
2
𝑛

𝜋
2 7−1 7−3 7−5 1 𝜋
6
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∙
0
7 7−2 7−4 7−6 2

6 ∙ 4 ∙ 2 1 𝜋
= ∙
7 ∙5 ∙3 ∙1 2

5𝜋
=
32
𝜋
Example 6: Evaluate 0
2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 5 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Solution:
Here: 𝑛 = 5, 𝑚 + 𝑛 = 5, and 𝛼 = 1.
𝑚
𝜋
2 1 5−1 5−3
5
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∙1
0
5 5−2 5−4

1 4 ∙ 2
= ∙1
5 ∙3 ∙1

8
=
15
Now try these:

Evaluate the following:

𝜋 2
5𝜋
1. 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛6 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Ans.
0 32
𝜋 2
3 4
4
2. 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Ans. −
0 105
𝜋 2
10
63𝜋
3. 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Ans.
0 512
𝜋 2
8
35𝜋
4. 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Ans.
0 256
𝜋 2
1
5. 𝑠𝑖𝑛5 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 7 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Ans.
0 120

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