LESSON 3:

PERIMETER AND
CIRCUMFERENCE OF
SIMPLE GEOMETRIC
FIGURES
 The perimeter of a figure is the total distance around

that figure.

 To find the perimeter of a geometric figure, we add

the lengths of all its sides.

 The perimeter of a triangle is the sum of all its three sides.

𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂:
𝑷=𝒂+𝒃+𝒄
TRIANGLE

𝑷=𝑎+𝑏+𝑐 𝑷=𝑎+𝑏+𝑐
𝑷 = 11 𝑐𝑚 + 8 𝑐𝑚 + 13 𝑐𝑚 𝑷 = 12 𝑚 + 9 𝑚 + 5 𝑚
𝑷 = 𝟑𝟐 𝒄𝒎 𝑷 = 𝟐𝟔 𝒎
 SQUARE

 Since all sides of a square are equal, we only need one side
to find its perimeter.
s

𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂:
s s
𝑷=𝟒𝒙𝒔

s
SQUARE
22 m

𝑷=4𝑥𝑠 𝑷=4𝑥𝑠
𝑷 = 4 𝑥 7 𝑐𝑚 𝑷 = 4 𝑥 22 𝑚
𝑷 = 𝟐𝟖 𝒄𝒎 𝑷 = 𝟖𝟖 𝒎
RECTANGLE

 Since opposite sides of a rectangle are always equal, we

𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂:
𝑷 = 𝟐 𝒙 (𝒍 + 𝒘)
RECTANGLE

15 m

20 m

𝑷 = 2 𝑥 (𝑙 + 𝑤) 𝑷 = 2 𝑥 (𝑙 + 𝑤)
𝑷 = 2 𝑥 (12 𝑐𝑚 + 7 𝑐𝑚) 𝑷 = 2 𝑥 (20 𝑚 + 15 𝑚)
𝑷 = 2 𝑥 19 𝑐𝑚 𝑷 = 2 𝑥 35 𝑚
𝑷 = 𝟑𝟖 𝒄𝒎 𝑷 = 𝟕𝟎 𝒎
PARALLELOGRAM

 Since opposite sides of a parallelogram are parallel and also

𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂:
b
𝑷 = 𝟐 𝒙 (𝒂 + 𝒃)

a
PARALLELOGRAM
17 in

13 in

𝑷 = 2 𝑥 (𝑎 + 𝑏) 𝑷 = 2 𝑥 (𝑎 + 𝑏)
𝑷 = 2 𝑥 (20 𝑚𝑚 + 7 𝑚𝑚) 𝑷 = 2 𝑥 (17 𝑖𝑛 + 13 𝑖𝑛)
𝑷 = 2 𝑥 27 𝑚𝑚 𝑷 = 2 𝑥 30 𝑖𝑛
𝑷 = 𝟓𝟒 𝒎𝒎 𝑷 = 𝟔𝟎 𝒊𝒏
 PENTAGON

 Since a regular pentagon is a polygon with five equal sides,

𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂:
𝑷=𝟓𝒙𝒔

s
PENTAGON

𝑷=5𝑥𝑠 𝑷=5𝑥𝑠
𝑷=5𝑥6𝑚 𝑷 = 5 𝑥 12 𝑐𝑚
𝑷 = 𝟑𝟎 𝒎 𝑷 = 𝟔𝟎 𝒄𝒎
Example 1: Find the perimeter of the figure below.
10 ft.
𝟐𝟓 𝒇𝒕. −𝟏𝟎 𝒇𝒕. = 𝟏𝟓 𝒇𝒕.
5 ft.
15 ft.
𝟏𝟕 𝒇𝒕. − 𝟓 𝒇𝒕. = 𝟏𝟐 𝒇𝒕.
17 ft.

12 ft.

25 ft. 𝑷 = 10 + 17 + 25 + 5 + 12 + 15
Divide the figure into rectangles to
determine the length of the missing 𝑷 = 𝟖𝟒 𝒇𝒕.
sides.
Example 2: Find the perimeter of the figure below.

𝟏𝟓 𝒎𝒎 + 𝟖 𝒎𝒎 = 𝟐𝟑 𝒎𝒎

𝟏𝟐 𝒎𝒎 − 𝟕 𝒎𝒎 = 𝟓 𝒎𝒎

5 mm

23 mm
𝑷 = 15 + 12 + 23 + 5 + 8 + 7
Divide the figure into rectangles to 𝑷 = 𝟕𝟎 𝒎𝒎
determine the length of the missing
sides.
 The circle is another important
geometric figure.
 All points of a circle are of the same
distance from a point within which is
called the center (O).
 The radius (r) of the circle is the
distance from the center to any point of
the circle.
 The diameter (d) of the circle is the
greatest distance across the circle.
 The distance around a circle is called
circumference.
 If we divide the circumference of any
circle by its diameter, we always get the
same number.
 That number is read as “pi” and is
written as “𝜋” and is equivalent to 3.14.
𝒅=2×𝑟
𝑪=𝜋×𝑑
𝑪=2×𝜋×𝑟
Example 1: Find the circumference of the circle below.

𝑪=𝜋×𝑑
𝑪 = 3.14 × 8 𝑐𝑚
𝑪 = 𝟐𝟓. 𝟏𝟐 𝒄𝒎
Example 2: Find the circumference of the circle that has a
radius of 12 cm.

12 cm 𝑪=2×𝜋×𝑟
𝑪 = 2 × 3.14 × 12 𝑐𝑚
𝑪 = 𝟕𝟓. 𝟑𝟔 𝒄𝒎
Example 3: Find the total distance of the given semi circle.

𝜋×𝑑
𝑪=
2
3.14 × 15 𝑚
𝑪=
2
15 m 47.10 𝑚
𝑪=
2
𝑪 = 𝟐𝟑. 𝟓𝟓 𝒎
Example 4: Find the total distance of the given figure below.
𝜋×𝑑
𝑪=
2
3.14 × 20 𝑓𝑡
𝑪=
2
62.80 𝑓𝑡
𝑪=
2
𝑷 = 31.40 + 32 + 32 + 20 𝑪 = 31.40 𝑓𝑡
𝑷 = 𝟏𝟏𝟓. 𝟒𝟎 𝒇𝒕