PT.

Antogus Bona Sere (ABS)

GATE VALVE

1
GATE VALVE PARTS 2
GATE VALVE 3
GATE VALVE 4
WEDGE GATE VALVE, FLEXIBLE GATE
5
THROUGH CONDUIT GATE VALVE 6
THROUGH CONDUIT GATE VALVE ; EXPANDING GATE
7
THROUGH CONDUIT GATE VALVE ; SLAB GATE

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THROUGH CONDUIT GATE VALVE EXPANDING GATE
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THROUGH CONDUIT GATE VALVE ; EXPANDING GATE
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PARTS
11
PRESSURE SEAL BONNET GATE VALVE
12
PRESSURE SEAL BONNET GATE VALVE
13
PARALLEL SLIDE GATE VALVE
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• The flow control element of a gate valve (called a gate, wedge, or slide) A straight
through pattern valve in which closure element is a wedge situated between two fixed
seating surfaces, with means to move it in or out of the flow stream in a direction
perpendicular to the pipeline axis. Used as a block valve or on-off valve.
GATE VALVE DESIGN
Typical gate valve (Figure 2-1). Describe this valve as a "flanged end, bolted-bonnet,
outside-screw-and-yoke, flex-wedge, gate valve and design features of the valve with
end connections, body-bonnet joint, stem design, and gate design.
Body-Bonnet Joint. Designs of body-bonnet joints are the bolted-bonnet,
pressure-seal, and welded-bonnet joints, screwed and union.
• The bolted-bonnet joint shown in Figure 2-1 has mating flanges on the body and
bonnet that are held together with studs or bolts and nuts.
• The screwed joint is shown in Figure 2-2. The male thread on the bottom of the
bonnet screws into the female thread in the top of the body
• The union joint is shown in Figure 2-3. As in a pipe union, a female-threaded nut
locks the un-threaded bonnet against the male-threaded body.
• The pressure-seal joint is shown in Figure 2-4. In this design, internal pressure
against the bottom of the bonnet causes it to press against a rela-tively soft seal
ring.
• A welded joint is shown in Figure 2-5. Welding the bonnet to the body ensures
against leakage at the joint but makes disassembly of the valve much more difficult.

GATE VALVE
 PT. Antogus Bona Sere (ABS)

flanged end, bolted-bonnet, outside-

GATE VALVE
 PT. Antogus Bona Sere (ABS)

Figure 2-3. Union

Figure 2-2. Screwed body-

Figure 2-5. Welded

Figure 2-4. Pressure

GATE VALVE
 Stem Design. Gate valves are available with three stem designs: inside screw rising
stem (ISRS), non-rising stem (NRS), and outside screw and yoke (OS&Y).
 The inside screw rising stem (ISRS) is shown in Figure 2-2. The right-hand thread on the
stem mates with an internal thread in the bonnet so that by turning the valve hand wheel
clockwise the stem and gate are translated downward, closing the valve.
 A non-rising stem (NRS) is shown in Figure 2-6. This design is used where insufficient
space above the valve limits stem movement upward. In this case a left-hand thread on the
stem mates with an internal thread in the gate.
 The major disadvantage of both the ISRS and NRS designs is that the fluid flowing through
the valve "wets" the stem threads, making them sub-ject to corrosion and erosion and thus
possible failure. In these exceptional instances, ISRS and NRS stems are preferred because
the external corrosion outweighs the internal corrosion caused by the fluid passing through
the valve.
 The outside-screw-and-yoke (OS&Y) design shown in Figures 2-1 and 2-7 prevents thread
wetting because the threaded portion of the stem is outside the valve.
− The stem thread is left-handed so that turning the hand wheel clockwise moves the stem
downward, closing the valve. Being outside the valve, the threads can be lubricated easily
when necessary.
− In this design the stem does not turn and may be pinned to the gate; however, it usually
has a T head that fits into a slot in top of the gate, allowing the gate to freely align itself
with the seats.
− In all three stem designs, external leakage along the stem is prevented by the use of
deformable non-metallic packing. The packing is located in the bonnet in a circular cavity
commonly known as the stuffing box or packing chamber.
GATE VALVE 18
 • In valves using ISRS
and NRS stem designs,
the packing is held in
place by a tubular
gland backed by a
hollow packing nut that
threads onto the top of
the bonnet, as shown
in Figures 2-2 and 2-6.
In valves using the
OS&Y stem design, the
packing arrangement is
more complicated and
Figure 2.6 Non-Rising Stem (NRS) Figure 2.7 Section through Yoke Nut is shown in Figure 2-7.
and Stuffing Box (packing chamber)

• Gate Design. The most common gate designs available in the gate valve are the wedge
gates, so called because in cross-section they are shaped like wedges. They are used in
conjunction with two body seats set at angles of from 3° to 6° to the stem centerline.
Three styles of wedge gates are available: the one-piece solid (commonly known as asolid
wedge), the one-piece flexible (commonly known as a flex wedge), and the two- piecesplit
wedge. These are shown in Figure 2-8.
PT. Antogus Bona Sere (ABS)
GATE VALVE
The solid wedge gate was, at one time, the most frequently used design. It is still the
simplest, most economical style and is the most resistant to corrosion and vibration. It is also
ideal for steam service and turbulent flow. A solid wedge gate, modified by adding a stem
cavity, is used with the NRS.
The flex wedge gate is cast with a circumferential groove around its perimeter or one is
machined into it. This groove produces the flexibility that allows the seating surfaces of the
wedge to move independently and adapt to minor inaccuracies in seating-surface angles and
movement of the valve seats owing to pipeline loads or thermal expansion of the piping
system.
It minimizes wedge sticking when the valve is closed when hot and opened when cold. This
ability to flex while retaining one-piece construction makes Standard for large steel valves, not
used on bronze or cast iron discs,
 The split wedge gate is made in two parts with a ball-and-socket type joint between
them, thereby providing complete flexibility to compensate for seat movement and seat
angle machining tolerances.
 The double disc, is used with body seats whose faces are parallel to the stem centerline.
It has two discs and an internal wedge- shaped spreading device that forces them
outward against the seats after the gate is in the closed position.
All gate designs are used with body seats that are either integral with the body (machined
surfaces on the body), separate seat rings pressed or screwed into the body, or hard material
weld over layed in the valve body and then machined as an integral seat. For steel valves,
which are used in high-temperature and high-pressure applications, the separate seat rings
are also seal-welded to the body. This ensures against leakage between the body and the
seat ring. GATE VALVE
 GATE VALVE APPLICATIONS
 The gate valve is the most frequently used
valve in industrial and power piping
applications,
1. It offers little resistance to flow when it is
open. When closed, the two seats reduce
the chance of internal leakage.
2. It can be used in more places because it is
Split manufactured in a wider range of sizes,
Flex
Solid
pressure classes, and materials than any
Figure 2.8 Wedge Gate Design
other type of stop valve.
3. It can be used with all clean fluids: liquid, gas, and vapor. Fluid temperatures are limited
only by the materials of construction.
4. It is manufactured by many companies and in large quantities because of its popularity.
Consequently, it is inexpensive.
5. It is versatile. The design options described previously can be combined in different ways
to meet many specific applications :
 For low-temp., low-pressure water service,
 For 1,000 psi saturated steam (about 550°F) service,
 For 10% hydrochloric acid at ambient temperature service, the valve would be
stainless steel with a bolted bonnet, an OS&Y stem, and a split wedge gate. On a
small valve, the wedge may be solid.
 As good as it is, the gate valve does have shortcomings. For a given size, it is usually
larger and heavier than other types of stop valves.
 The gate valve should not be used for regulating flow (called throttling).
GATE VALVE
 KNIFE GATE VALVE
 A style of gate valve different from
the standard gate, the knife gate
valve (also called a slide valve), is
shown in Figure 2-9.
 The knife gate valve has no bonnet,
eliminating the body-bonnet joint.
External leakage is prevented by
packing placed in a recess that
goes completely around the inside
of the top of the body and around
the gate.
Figure 2.10 Seat Design for Knife
Figure 2.9 Knife Gate Valve
Gate Valves

 The gate itself is simply a flat plate that is used in con-junction with two different body
seat designs. These are shown in Figure 2-10
 In the other body seat design, a single seat is used. The seat is either integral with the
body or is a separate ring, with its face parallel to the gate
 The bonnetless design of the knife gate valve imposes a limitation on its use in regard
to fluid pressure
 The major advantage of the knife gate valve is the abil-ity of its gate to cut through
solids that would fill the space between the seat rings in a standard gate valve and
pre-vent closure.
GATE VALVE 22