Summary
Biosphere: The biosphere is made up of the parts of Earth where life exists. The biosphere
extends from the deepest root systems of trees, to the dark environment of ocean trenches, to
lush rain forests and high mountaintops.
There are 2 fundamental characteristics of the Earth's biosphere we should consider. Firstly, the
biosphere is a very thin zone of life. Almost all life exists between about 500 meters (1,640 feet)
below the ocean’s surface to about 6 kilometers (3.75 miles) above sea level.
Another characteristic of the biosphere is that it is a closed system.
Ecosystem: An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as
well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystems contain
biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts. Biotic factors include plants,
animals, and other organisms. Abiotic factors include rocks, temperature, and humidity. Every
factor in an ecosystem depends on every other factor, either directly or indirectly. The whole
surface of Earth is a series of connected ecosystems. Ecosystems are often connected in a larger
biome. Biomes are large sections of land, sea, or atmosphere. Even similar-sounding biomes
could have completely different ecosystems.