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Shell & Formed Head Thickness Calculation & Notes

The document discusses different types of vessel heads including ellipsoidal, torispherical, and hemispherical heads. It provides details on key parameters for each type of head such as thickness calculations, crown and knuckle radii, and rules that must be met. Formulas are given for calculating the thickness of different head types and shells based on internal pressure and other dimensions. Interpretations are also included, such as cylindrical shell thickness being similar to ellipsoidal head thickness.

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Aravind Mech
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304 views2 pages

Shell & Formed Head Thickness Calculation & Notes

The document discusses different types of vessel heads including ellipsoidal, torispherical, and hemispherical heads. It provides details on key parameters for each type of head such as thickness calculations, crown and knuckle radii, and rules that must be met. Formulas are given for calculating the thickness of different head types and shells based on internal pressure and other dimensions. Interpretations are also included, such as cylindrical shell thickness being similar to ellipsoidal head thickness.

Uploaded by

Aravind Mech
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Need to Remember

Ellipsoidal Head

 Ellipsoidal head (Elliptical 2:1) Means height of the head is quarter of the diameter (H= D/4)
 Thickness of the head approximately equal to the thickness of the shell
 Knuckle radius of 0.17D & Crown Radius of 0.90D
 ts/L ≥0.002 Formula needs to be used to determine the thickness, If ts/L ≤0.002 rule
Mandatory Appendix-1, 1-4(f) shall also be met.
 The rule 1-4(f) not only used to calculate the thickness, calculated to avoid internal pressure
instability or yield failure in the corner transition zone of ellipsoidal & Torispherical head

Torispherical (or) Flanged and Dished Head

 ts/L ≥0.002 Formula needs to be used to determine the thickness, If ts/L ≤0.002 rule
Mandatory Appendix-1, 1-4(f) shall also be met.
 Inorder to ensure ts/L ≥0.002, Need to calculate “L” for that need to refer UG-32(b), as per
that L- Inside crown radius
 Knuckle radius greater than 6% of Internal crown radius.
 Knuckle radius greater than 3 times of dished head thickness.
 Inside crown radius less than or equal to outer radius of head
 Dished head thickness approximately equal to 1.77 times of thickness

Hemispherical Head

 When the thickness of the head does not exceed 0.356L or P does not exceed 0.665SE
 Usually cannot formed from a single flat plate/sheet, lieu made from welded plates

Shell Formula
t = PR/SE-0.6P
or
Cylindrical
P= SEt/R+0.6t

t = PR/SE-0.2P
Spherical or
P= 2SEt/D+0.2t
Formed Head Formula Notes
t = PD/2SE-0.2P  D=D+2CA(corrosión Allowance)
or  Head Thickness ≈ Shell
Ellipsoidal or Elliptical 2:1
P= 2SEt/D+0.2t Thickness

t = 0.855PL/SE-0.1P  L=D+CA(corrosión Allowance)


Torispherical or Flanged and or  Head Thickness 1.77 x Shell
Dished Head P= SEt/0.885L+0.1t Thickness

t = PL/2SE-0.2P  D=D+CA(corrosión Allowance)


or  Head Thickness less than or
Hemispherical Head
P= 2SEt/L+0.2t equal to Shell Thickness

Interpretation
 Cylindrical Shell thickness ≈ Ellipsoidal dished head
 Spherical shell thickness≈ Hemispherical dished head
 Torispherical dished head thickness≈1.75 x cylindrical shell thickness

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