Dangerous Goods Training Programme

WORKBOOK
5
General Cargo Acceptance Personnel

ctive 1 January—31 December 2018

Based on the 2018 IATA Dangerous
Goods Regulations
- 59th Edition

International Air Transport Association

Montreal-Geneva 16th|Edition
 NOTICE
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Dangerous Goods Training Programme — Workbook 5

Material No: 9014-16
ISBN 978-92-9229-496-0 0
© 2017 International Air Transport Association. All rights reserved
Montreal-Geneva
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
FOREWARD v

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vi

INTRODUCTION vii

COURSE OBJECTIVESviii

UNIT 1—APPLICABILITY 1
1.1 GENERAL PHILOSOPY 1
1.2 DEFINITION 2
1.3 LEGAL BASIS 3
1.4 SHIPPER’S RESPONSIBILITY 4
1.5 OPERATOR’S RESPONSIBILITY 4
1.6 TRAINING REQUIREMENTS 4
1.7 DANGEROUS GOODS SECURITY TRAINING 5
1.8 INFORMATION TO SHIPPERS 8
REVIEW EXERCISES FOR UNIT 1 7

UNIT 2—LIMITATIONS 9
2.1 GENERAL 9
2.2 ACCEPTABLE DANGEROUS GOODS 9
2.3 FORBIDDEN 6ANGEROUS GCJODS 9
2.4 RECOGNITION OF HIDDEN DANGEROUS GOODS 10
2.5 DANGEROUS GOODS CARRIED BY PASSENGERS AND CREW 13
2.6 TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS BY POST 16
2.7 DANGEROUS GOODS IN OPERATOR'S PROEIERTY 16
2.8 DANGEROUS GOODS IN EXCEPTED QUANTITIES 17
2.9 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL-EXCEPTED PACKAGES 18
2.10 STATE AND OPERATOR VARIATIONS 18
REVIEW EXERCISES FOR UNIT 2 19

UNIT 3—CLASSIFICATION 21
3.1 DEFINITION 21
REVIEW EXERCISES FOR UNIT 3 23
UNIT 4—IDENTIFICATION 25
4.1 GENERAL 25
4.2 LIST OF DANGEROUS GOODS 25
4.3 BREAKDOWN OF THE LIST OF DANGEROUS GOODS (DGR 4.2) 26
REVIEW EXERCISES FOR UNIT 4 27

UNIT 5—MARKING AND LABELING 29

5.1 GENERAL 29
5.2 MARKING 29
5.3 LABELLING 34
5.4 IDENTIFICATION OF UNIT LOAD DEVICES (ULD) CONTAINING DANGEROUS GOODS
48
REVIEW EXERCISES FOR UNIT 5 49

UNIT 6—DOCUMENTATION 51
6.1 INTRODUCTION 51
6.2 THE SHIPPER'S DECLARATION FOR DANG"EROUS GOODS (DGD) 51
6.3 AIR WAYBILL (AWB) 52

UNIT 7—ACCEPTANCE 57
7.1 OPERATOR/CARGO AGENT'S RESPONSIBILITY 57
7.2 ACCEPTANCE CHECKLISTS 64
7.3 ACCEPTANCE OF UNIT LOAD DEVICES CONTAINING DANGEROUS GOODS 70
7.4 ACCEPTANCE OF DANGEROUS GOODS IN CONSOL|PAT|ONS 70

UNIT 8—DANGEROUS GOODS AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE 71

8.1 INTRODUCTION 71
8.2 PROCEDURES FOR GROUND STAFF 71
8.3 CONTAMINATED CARGO OR BAGGAGE HANDLING 71
8.4 INCIDENTS-AND ACCIDENTS 72
8.5 DANGEROUS GOODS EMERGENCY RESPONSE CHART (GROUND INCIDENTS) 73

FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR THE ENTIRE PROGRAMME 75

ANSWERS TO EXERCISES 81
ANSWERS TO FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR THE ENTIRE PROGRAMME 83
APPENDIX A—IATA IMP CODES 85
OTHER SPECIAL LOAD CARGO IMP CODES 86
 FOREWORD

Annex 18 to the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation, entitled "The Safe Transport of Dangerous
Goods by Air", chapter 10, requires that dangerous goods training programs be established and updated as
provided for in the ICAO document "Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air.

The ICAO Technical Instructions (Part 1; 4.1) require that initial and recurrent dangerous goods training
programs must be established and maintained by or on behalf of the following:

● operators;
● ground handling agencies which perform, on behalf of the operator, the act of accepting, handling,
loading, unloading, transfer or other processing of cargo;
● ground handling agencies located at an airport which perform, on behalf of the operator, the act of
processing passengers;
● agencies, not located at an airport, which perform, on behalf of the operator, the act of checking in
passengers;
● freight forwarders;
● shippers of dangerous goods, including packers and persons' or organisations' undertaking the
responsibilities of the shipper; and ·
● agencies engaged in the security screening of passengers and their baggage and/or cargo.

The training programmes are subject to review and approval as determined by the appropriate
governmental authority. Recurrent training must take place within 24 months of previous training to
ensure knowledge is current. A test must be provided and successfully completed following the training to
verify understanding of regulations.

This workbook has been produced to help achieve a uniform world-wide level of training in all aspects of
handling and transporting dangerous goods by air and particularly to assist those who are responsible for the
establishment of training programmers. The material contained in this workbook was developed jointly by
ICAO and IATA in support of the provision contained in Annex 18 to the Convention of International Civil
Aviation. It is believed that the use of internationally developed training programmes will facilitate approval by
national authorities.

This workbook is one of a series of five books, each developed for the training of a particular category of
personnel involved in the transport of dangerous goods by air. The five books are:
Workbook 1: Shippers; Packers; Personnel Accepting/Processing Dangerous Goods
Workbook 2: Flight-Crew; Load Planners; Flight Dispatchers
Workbook 3: Cabin Crew; Passenger Handling Personnel; Security Personnel
Workbook 4: Ramp and Warehouse Personnel
Workbook 5: General Cargo Acceptance Personnel
Revised editions of these books are published annually to maintain alignment with changes to the provisions on
which they are based.

Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
16TH EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2018
v
These Dangerous Goods Training Workbooks have been developed by the IATA Dangerous Goods Training
Working Group (DGTWG) under the general supervision of the Dangerous Goods Board. The composition of
the Working Group is:

Ms. P. Clifford Qantas

Ms. C. Costa Diniz DHL Aviation
Ms. P. Karbach-Goss Lufthansa Cargo
Mr. R. Keerthy dnata
Mr. J. Lange Cargolux
Mr. S. Liao China Airlines
Mr. S. Muljiani Emirates
Mr. P. McCraren United Airlines
Ms. V. Montgomery Fedex
Mr. G. Murphy Scandinavian Airlines System
Mr. A. Rowan Air Canada Cargo
Mr. r. Schuurink KLM Royal Dutch Airlines
MS. Z. Tebbal TAP

IATA and the Dangerous Goods Training Working Groups would like to thank the observers from member
airlines, IATA strategic partners and other associations such as IFALPA and FIATA Airfreight institute for their
participation in the development of the training workbooks.

16TH EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2018

vi
 INTRODUCTION

This training workbook is designed for personnel accepting general cargo, other than dangerous goods,
employed by or working on behalf of operators, freight forwarders, cargo agents and agencies acting on behalf
of operators (Categories 4, 7 from the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations Table 1.5.A). All of these personnel
need to have a knowledge and understanding of dangerous goods, their potential hazards and the procedures
applicable to the transport of dangerous goods by air.

Dangerous goods are commodities that possess potentially dangerous characteristics. These characteristics will
not make their transport by air dangerous, provided that suitable precautions are taken. Dangerous goods
consist. not only of obvious substances such as acids, explosives and poisons,but also include less apparent
articles like magnets, refrigerants and some everyday household items such as bleaches, aerosols and perfumes.

There are internationally agreed rules to ensure the safe transportation of dangerous goods by air. These are
published by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) as the Technical Instructions for the Safe
Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air.

The IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (abbreviated DGR in this training workbook) are based on Annex 18
to the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation. They include all the requirements of Annex 18 and
the latest ICAO Technical Instructions.

The IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations are recognised by ICAO as the field document for the transport of
dangerous goods by air.

No part of air transport is more important than safety, and this emphasises the need to have detailed and precise
regulations for the preparation, acceptance and carriage of a wide range of chemicals and other dangerous
articles and substances.

Note:
The words dangerous and hazardous, as used in the DGR, and in this training workbook, have the same
meaning.

The ICAO Technical Instructions require that personnel Of Categories 4 and 7 be familiar with the general
philosophy of the Regulations, limitations on dangerous goods, the marking and labelling requirements,
recognition of undeclared dangerous goods, the Shipper's- Declaration and other relevant documentation,
provisions applicable to passengers and crew and emergency procedures, including reporting of dangerous
goods incidents or accidents.

This training workbook complies with the requirements of the ICAO Technical Instructions in relation to
dangerous goods. It does not qualify employees or agents to accept articles or substances declared as dangerous
goods by the sender. Only those employees or agents who have successfully completed an approved dangerous
goods acceptance course can accept declared dangerous goods.

The pages that follow will help the student understand what substances and articles constitute dangerous goods
and the limitations applicable to the transport of dangerous goods by air. The workbook contains extracts from
the current edition of the IATA DGR and also identifies the relevant section of DGR. However, it is not
necessary for the student to have or use the DGR to complete this training workbook.

Dangerus Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

16TH EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2018
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 COURSE OBJECTIVE

After thorough study and use of this training workbook the student will:

 be able to identify dangerous goods;

 have knowledge of the origin of the current regulations and be aware of the general Philosophy;
 be able to identify the classes of dangerous goods;
 be able to refer to the List of Dangerous Goods;
 recognise and identify the hazard/handling labels applicable to dangerous goods;
 recognise and identify dangerous goods package use and package specification marks;
 be able to identify potential hidden hazards in cargo;
 recognise the documentation used for the transport of dangerous goods;
 be aware of the provisions for dangerous goods in baggage of passengers and crew;
 be familiar with dangerous goods emergency response procedures.

To provide procedure of the shipper and the operators by which articles and substances with hazardous
properties can be safely transported by air transport.

Operation: A person,
Organization.

Before 1953 DGR was not transported on air. On 11th may, 1996, Jet flight-592 cras

16TH EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2018

viii
UNIT 1—APPLICABILITY

1.1 GENERAL PHILOSOPHY

Dangerous goods can be transported safely by air transport provided certain principles are strictly followed.
These principles and procedures include:

1.1.1 Classification
Dangerous goods are classified according to criteria determined by the United Nations
Subcommittee of Experts on the dangerous Goods. Ossification determines the acceptability of the articles and
substances for air transport as well as the conditions for their transport. It is the responsibility of the shipper of
cargo to determine if articles and substances are dangerous goods or not, and if dangerous goods, to determine
the correct Class or Division.

1.1.2 Prohibitions

Some dangerous goods have been identified as being too dangerous to be carried on any aircraft under any
circumstances others are forbidden under normal circumstances but may be carried with specific approvals from
the States Concerned some are restricted to cargo on all cargo aircraft; most however, can be ‘safely carried on
passenger aircraft as well, provided certain requirements are met.

1.1.3 Training

Training is an essential element in maintaining a safe regulatory regime. Dangerous goods training is a
mandatory (legal) requirement for all personnel involved in the preparation or Transport of dangerous goods by
air, commensurate with their responsibilities, to ensure that they are able to carry out their responsibilities.
Depending on the job-function, this may require only familiarisation training or may also include more in-depth
training in the complexities of the Regulations.

The training programmers are subject to review and approval as determined by the appropriate governmental
authority. Recurrent training must take’ place within 24 months of previous training to ensure knowledge-is
current. However, if recurrent training is completed within the final 3 months of validity of the previous
training, the period of validity extends from the month on which the recurrent training was completed until 24
months from the expiry month of that previous training. A test must be provided following the training to verify
understanding of the regulations. Confirmation is required of successful completion of the test.

1.1.4 Packaging

Packaging is the essential component in the safe transport of dangerous goods by air. The IATA Dangerous
Goods Regulations, provide packing instructions for all dangerous goods acceptable for air transport with a wide
range of options for inner, outer and single packagings. The packing however these are not required when
dangerous goods are shipped under the provisions of Limited Quantity “Y’ Packing Instructions. The quantity of
dangerous goods permitted within these packagings is strictly limited by the Regulations so as to minimise the
risk should an incident occur.

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

1.1.5 Marking and Labelling

The packages are marked with required marks and bear the required labels to ensure that the, hazards can be
recognised without relying on accompanying documentation in an emergency.

1.1.6 Documentation

The proper declaration of dangerous goods by the shipper ensures that all in the transporting chain are aware
that dangerous goods are being transported. This ensures that they are correctly accepted, handled and loaded
and if an incident or accident occurs, either in-flight or on the ground-what-the correct response should-be.

1.1.7 Notification to Pilot-in-Command

The pilot-in-command must know what is on board the aircraft in order to properly assess an action any
emergencies that may occur. The pilot must also convey this information if possible b air traffic services to aid
in the response to any aircraft incident or accident.

1.1.8 Avoiding Hidden Hazards

Information regarding “Hidden Dangerous Goods” must also be conveyed to passengers and shippers to assist
them in recognising dangerous goods, which they are not permitted to carry on their person, in their baggage, or
as cargo and which may not be readily recognisable as being dangerous.

1.1.9 Accident/Incident Reporting

Dangerous goods accidents or incidents must be reported, so that an investigation by the relevant. authorities-
can-establish the-cause-and-corrective action can-be-taken. Also, if. as a result of these investigations changes
are required in the Regulations, appropriate regulatory action can be taken without delay.

1.1.10 Human Factors

Human factors should be considered in all aspects of Dangerous Goods transportation. The objective is to
ensure the safe transport of Dangerous Goods.

“Human factors refer to environmental, organizational and job factors, and human and individual characteristics
which influence behavior at work in a way which can affect health and safety. A simple way to view human
factors is to think about three aspects: the job, the individual and the organization and how they impact people's
health and safety-related behavior.” Health and Safety Executive, United Kingdom.
(http://www.who.int/patientsafety/research/methods_measures/human_factors/en/)

1.2 DEFINITION

Dangerous goods are defined as “articles or substances which are capable of posing a risk to the health, safety,
property or the environment and which are shown in the list of dangerous goods in these (IATA Dangerous
Goods) Regulations or which are classified according to the Regulations”.
Applicability

16TH EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2018

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1.3 LEAGAL BASIS

The ICAO Technical Instructions provide the basis under which dangerous goods can be transported safely by
air at a level of safety necessary to ensure that the aircraft or its occupants are not placed at additional risk.

However, airlines use the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR) as the everyday field document. The
DGR complies fully with the ICAO Technical Instructions, and in some cases is more restrictive, by taking
account of industry practices or operational considerations.

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

1.4 SHIPPER'S RESPONSIBILITY

The importance of the shipper's responsibilities and compliance cannot be over-emphasised. The shipper
specifically must:
 establish that his employees are trained to enable them to carry out their responsibilities (DGR 1.3.2);
 establish whether the article or substance is forbidden for transport by air (DGR 1.3.2);
 ensure that the dangerous goods are identified, classified, packed, marked, labelled and documented in
full compliance (DGR 1.3.2). Also that cargo offered for transport by air as being "Not restricted" or
"Non-dangerous goods" does not meet any of the classification criteria for dangerous goods;
 ensure that the dangerous goods are packed in compliance with all applicable air transport requirements
(DGR 1.3.2).
The shipper, the freight forwarder and the cargo agent must also establish:
 for all consignments, that documents and package exterior have been checked for any indication of
hidden hazards and other responsibilities as stipulated (DGR 1.3.3.2.6).

1.5 OPERATOR'S RESPONSIBILITY

When accepting cargo for transportation by air it is the operator's cargo acceptance staff who have the
responsibility to ensure, as far as possible, that the consignment does not contain dangerous goods unless the
shipper has prepared the shipment of dangerous goods in accordance with the Regulations A checklist must be
used to accept declared dangerous goods consignments (DGR 9.1.4).

In addition to acceptance, the operator has seven other responsibilities as set out in DGR 1.4.
They are:
 acceptance;
 Storage; loading;
 inspection;
 provision of information, including emergency response information;
 reporting dangerous goods accidents and incidents;
 retention of records; and
 training.

It is important to note that when the operator (or its subsidiary or an agent of the operator) offers a shipment of
dangerous goods for carriage on its own service or that of another operator, it must comply with all shipper's
responsibilities. This is especially important when working with consignments of aircraft spares. For example,
chemical oxygen generators (DGR 1.4).

1.6 TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

Training is mandated to gain an understanding of the philosophy and requirements of the Technical Instructions.
There is a need for everyone concerned to receive training in the subject, either for familiarisation or to provide
detailed knowledge, so that the individual's responsibilities can be met.

Operators that do not carry dangerous goods as cargo, mail or stores must ensure that personnel must be trained
in the requirements commensurate with their responsibilities.
A test must be provided and successfully completed following the training to verify understanding of the
Regulations. After successful completion of the initial training, recurrent training must be taken within the next
24 months.

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 Applicability

The record of training must be maintained by the employer for a period of thirty-six months and made available
to the employee and appropriate national authority on request (DGR 1.5.5).

The successful application of the Regulations greatly depends on the understanding of the risks involved and a
knowledge of the Regulations.

There are three elements to this training:

 general familiarisation training;
 function or job specific training; and
 safety training.

The training required by each category of personnel involved in the movement of dangerous goods by air is
detailed in the Regulations.

This workbook represents the minimum initial training requirements for General Cargo Acceptance Personnel-
Category 4 and 7 as per IATA DGR Table 1.5.A and 1.5.B. This training must cover the following aspects:
 general philosophy;
 limitations;
 marking and labelling;
 shipper's Declaration and other relevant documentation;
 recognition of undeclared dangerous goods;
 provisions for passengers and crew;
 emergency procedures.

1.7 DANGEROUS GOODS-SECURITY TRAINING

1.7.1 General Security Provisions

All persons engaged in the transport of dangerous goods should consider security requirements for the
dangerous goods commensurate with their responsibilities. Employees should be made aware of the security
plans in effect at their place of employment and their individual responsibilities with regard to those plans.

1.7.2 Dangerous Goods Security Training

The training specified in the Regulations for all categories of personnel should include elements of security
awareness. Security awareness training should address the nature of security risks, recognition of security risks,
methods to address and reduce such risks and actions to be taken in the event of a security breach. It should
include awareness of security plans (if appropriate) commensurate with the responsibilities of individuals and
their role in implementing security plans.

Records of all dangerous goods-security training undertaken should be kept by the employer and made available
to the employee or appropriate national authority if requested. (See IATA DGR 1.7.2.4)

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

1.8 INFORMATION TO SHIPPERS

The operator must ensure that sufficient notices are prominently displayed at cargo acceptance points to alert
shippers to the regulations applying to the transport of dangerous goods. In addition, there is a warning on the
Air Waybill.

There are many people involved in the "transport chain", from the shippers to those staff involved in the
acceptance, handling and loading of cargo, as well as the aircraft crew. If everyone in that "chain" is aware of
what are dangerous goods and of the Regulations for their carriage, safety will not be compromised.

16TH EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2018

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 Applicability

REVIEW EXERCISES FOR UNIT 1

The Legal Basis for the Regulations is the ICAO Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous
Goods by Air (generally referred to as the Technical Instructions or the TI).

The field document, used by member airlines- is the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (IATA DGR).

1: Which aspects of the Regulations do Category 4 and 7 personnel, working for operators who will carry
dangerous goods need to be aware of?

2. How is the shipper informed of the Regulations?

3. What is the definition of Dangerous Goods?

4. Recurrent training is required within how many months of previous training, unless a competent authority has
defined a shorter period?

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UNIT 2-LIMITATIONS

2.1 GENERAL

Some dangerous goods are too dangerous to be carried by aircraft, others may be carried on cargo aircraft only
and some are acceptable-on-both-cargo and passenger aircraft. A number of limitations are placed on dangerous
goods which are permitted to be transported by air. These limitations are established by the IATA Dangerous
Goods Regulations. Furthermore, both States and operators may impose further restrictions called variations.
This will be discussed later in this Unit.

2.2 ACCEPTABLE DANGEROUS GOODS

A great many dangerous goods may be carried on aircraft as cargo provided, they are properly prepared for
transport in accordance with the Regulations. The List of Dangerous Goods (DGR 4.2) itemises the most
commonly shipped dangerous goods by name, and indicates the maximum quantity of such goods permitted per
package on Passenger and/or Cargo Aircraft. Those dangerous goods that are restricted to all cargo aircraft are
either in larger quantities or are forbidden on passenger aircraft. Generally, however, they are not permitted in
passenger or crew checked baggage or as carry-on articles. Items forbidden as baggage may be acceptable as
cargo, provided the article or substance is prepared in compliance with all the provisions of the Regulations.

2.3 FORBIDDEN DANGEROUS GOODS

2.3.1 Dangerous Goods Forbidden Under Any Circumstances

Some dangerous goods are considered to be too hazardous for transport by air under any circumstances (DGR
2.1.1).

Substances or articles which, as presented for transport, are liable to explode, dangerously react, produce a
flame or dangerous evolution of heat or dangerous emission of toxic, corrosive or flammable gases or vapours
under conditions normally encountered in transport must not be carried on aircraft under any circumstance.

2.3.2 Dangerous Goods Forbidden Unless Exempted

Certain other dangerous goods are considered to be too dangerous for transport by air in the normal course of
events. However, in exceptional circumstances, and under an exemption granted by the States concerned.
(origin, operator, transit, overflight and destination), these dangerous goods may be carried provided that the
details of the government exemption are complied with in their entirety. Acceptance of dangerous goods offered
under State exemption is at the discretion of the operator. The Supplement to the ICAO Technical Instructions
provides the State's competent authorities with details of acceptable quantities per package and acceptable
packagings for any substances permitted under exemption. This will provide an overall level of safety, which is
equivalent to that provided by the DGR. The Government exemption document shows the details of required
packaging and accompanies the shipment (DGR 1.2.6).

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

2.4 RECOGNITION OF HIDDEN DANGEROUS GOODS

Not all dangerous goods are easily identified. Cargo declared under a general description may contain hazardous
articles that are not apparent. Such articles may also be found in baggage. It is essential therefore that awareness
and vigilance are maintained at all times. Great care should be taken to ensure that no dangerous goods, other
than those described earlier, are loaded or carried on board the aircraft. Operator's general cargo acceptance staff
must be adequately trained to assist them to identify and detect dangerous goods presented as general cargo.

Cargo acceptance, reservations and sales staff and passenger check-in, reservations and sales staff as appropriate
must be provided with information, and this information must be readily
available to such staff on:

1. general descriptions that-are-often used for items-in-cargo or in-passengers baggage which may contain
dangerous goods;
2. other indications that dangerous goods may be present (e.g. labels, marks); and
3. those dangerous goods which may be carried by passengers in accordance with DGR 2.3.

Confirmation should be sought from the cargo department about the contents of any item where there are
suspicions that it may contain dangerous goods. If dangerous goods are discovered, or presented for transport as
general cargo, assistance must be sought from dangerous goods acceptance personnel or specialists.

There are many examples of items which may contain or indicate the presence of dangerous goods. There may
be consumer labels or marks indicating certain dangers, or old labels giving false information.

Below are some examples of visual and physical characteristics to assist in detecting hidden dangerous goods:

 a package that has visible frost or is very cold to the touch may contain dry ice;
 a stained or wet package may indicate spillage;
 any odours which may indicate a spillage or leakage with a package or overpack;
 a package with a shifting centre of gravity may suggest liquid contents;
 aerosol spray cans may make a characteristic rattle during handling;
 packages generating smoke or fumes;
 reused packages including old dangerous goods marks or labels;
 packages with pictures of chain saws, lawn mowers, camping stoves or lanterns, generators as the
contents could be used have fuel residues;
 packages making noises (hissing, whistling, ticking, vibrating, etc.).

Note:

This above list is not all-inclusive. Additional items and descriptions can be found in sub- section 2.2 of the
IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations.

Typical examples of descriptions of goods which might contain dangerous goods are:
Aircraft Spare Parts/ May contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods. For
Aircraft Equipment/Aircraft example, explosives (flares or fire bottle cartridges), chemical oxygen
on Ground (AOG) Spares generators, cylinders of compressed gas (such as oxygen, carbon dioxide,
nitrogen or fire extinguishers), paint, adhesives, aerosols, life- saving
appliances (life jackets, escape slides), fuel in equipment, first aid kits, wet
or lithium batteries, matches, fire extinguishers, etc.

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 Automobile Parts/Supplies May contain ferro-magnetic material which may not meet the definition for
(car, car parts, motor, magnetized material but which may be subject to special stowage
motorcycle) requirements due to the possibility of affecting aircraft instruments (DGR
3.9.2.2). May also contain engines, including fuel cell engines, carburettors
or fuel tanks which contain or have contained fuel, wet or lithium batteries,
compressed gases in tyre inflation devices, fire extinguishers, shocks/struts
with nitrogen, air bag inflators/air bag modules, flammable adhesives,
paints, sealants and solvents, etc.

Limitations
Battery-powered May contain wet or lithium batteries.
devices/Equipment
Breathing Apparatus) May indicate cylinders of compressed air or oxygen, chemical oxygen
generators or refrigerated liquefied oxygen.
Camping/Expeditionary May contain flammable gases (butane, propane, etc.), flammable liquids
Equipments (kerosene, gasoline, etc.), flammable solids (hexamine, matches, etc.) or
other dangerous goods.
Chemicals Most chemicals are dangerous and only qualified dangerous goods
acceptance staff can advise if it is acceptable as cargo. Dangerous
chemicals must never be accepted as baggage.
COMAT (Company Materials) Such as aircraft parts, may contain dangerous goods as an integral part,
e.g. chemical oxygen generators in a passenger service unit (PSU).
compressed gas, flammable liquid, corrosive material, magnetized
material, etc.
Consolidated Consignments May contains any of the defined classes of dangerous goods.
(Groupages)
Cryogenic (Liquid) Indicates refrigerated liquefied gases such as nitrogen, neon, helium,
argon, etc. Cryogenic liquids are dangerous because they might destroy
human skin tissue on contact, and when spilled, they could cause
suffocation in confined spaces.
Cylinders Indicates compressed or liquefied gases.
Dental Apparatus May contain flammable resins or solvents, compressed or liquefied gas,
mercury and radioactive material.
Diagnostic Specimens May contain infectious substances.
Diving Equipment May include air cylinders (such as scuba tanks, vest bottles, etc.) which
usually contain compressed air or a special gas mixture. Emptied
cylinders (pressure gauge reads zero) are acceptable. Diving lamps may
contain rechargeable lead acid batteries and high intensity diving lamps
can generate extremely high heat when operated in air. In order to be
carried safely, the bulb or battery must be disconnected.
Drilling or Mining Equipment May contain explosives and/or other dangerous goods.
Dry Shipper (Vapour Shipper) May contain free liquid nitrogen. Dry shippers are subject to the
Regulations when they permit the release of any free liquid nitrogen
irrespective of the orientation of the package.
Electrical Equipment/ May contain magnetized materials or mercury in switch gear and electron
Electronic Equipment tubes, wet batteries, lithium batteries or fuel cells or fuel cell cartridges
that contain or have contained fuel.
Electrically Powered May contain wet batteries, lithium batteries or fuel cells or fuel cell
Apparatus (wheelchairs, cartridges that contain or have contained fuel.
mobility aids, lawn mowers,
golf carts, etc.)
Expeditionary Equipment May contain explosives (flares), flammable liquids (gasoline), flammable
gas (propane, camping gas) or other dangerous goods.
Film Crew or Media May include explosive pyrotechnic devices, generators incorporating
Equipment internal combustion engines, batteries, lithium batteries, fuel, heat
producing items, etc.
Frozen Embryos May contain refrigerated liquefied gas or Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice).
16TH EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2018
10
 Frozen food, vegetables, etc. May be packed in Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice), which can adversely
affect live animals and humans.
Fuels May contain flammable liquids, flammable solids or flammable gases.
Fuel Control Unit May contain flammable liquids.
Hot Air Balloon May contain cylinders with flammable gas, fire extinguishers, batteries,
etc.

Household Goods May contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods
Dangerous Goods
including Training Programme—Workbook
flammable liquids 5
such as solvent based paint, adhesives,
polishes, aerosols (for passengers, those not permitted under DGR 2.3),
bleach, corrosive oven or drain cleaners, ammunition, matches, etc.
Instruments May conceal barometers, manometers, mercury switches, rectifier tubes,
thermometers, etc. containing mercury.
Laboratory/Testing May contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods,
Equipment particularly flammable liquids, flammable solids, oxidizers, organic
peroxides, toxic or corrosive substances.
Machinery Parts May contain adhesives, paints, sealants, solvents, wet and lithium
batteries, mercury, cylinders of compressed or liquefied gas, etc.
Magnets and other items May individually or cumulatively meet the definition of magnetized
of similar material material.
Medical Supplies/ May include items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods,
Equipment particularly flammable liquids, flammable solids, oxidizers, organic
peroxides, toxic or corrosive substances.
Metal Construction Material/ May contain ferro-magnetic material, which may be subject to special
Metal Piping/Metal Fencing stowage requirements due to the possibility of affecting aircraft
instruments DGR 3.9.2.2.
Passenger Baggage May contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods.
Examples include fireworks, flammable household liquids, corrosive oven
or drain cleaners, flammable gas or liquid lighter refills or camping stove
cylinders, matches, ammunition, bleach, aerosols (those not permitted
under DGR 2.3), etc.
Pharmaceuticals May contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods,
particularly radioactive material, flammable liquids, flammable solids,
oxidizers, organic peroxides, toxic or corrosive substances.
Photographic Supplies/ May contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods,
Equipment particularly heat producing devices, flammable liquids, flammable solids,
oxidizers, organic peroxides, toxic or corrosive substances.
Promotional Material Racing May contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods. may
Car or Motorcycle contain engines, including fuel cell engines, carburettors or fuel tanks
Team Equipment which contain fuel or residual fuel, flammable aerosols, cylinders of
compressed gases, nitromethane, other fuel additives, wet batteries,
lithium batteries, etc.
Refrigerators May contain liquefied gases or an ammonia solution.

Repair Kits May contain flammable adhesives, solvent-based paints, organic

peroxides, resins, etc.
Samples for Testing May contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods,
particularly infectious substances, flammable liquids, flammable solids,
oxidizers, organic peroxides, toxic or corrosive substances.
Semen May be packed with Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) or refrigerated
liquefied gas. See also "Dry Shipper".
Ships' Spares May contain explosives (flares), cylinders of compressed gas (life rafts),
paint, lithium batteries (emergency locator transmitters) etc.
Show, Motion Picture, Stage May contain flammable substances, explosives or other dangerous goods.
Special Effects Equipment
16TH EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2018
11
 Sporting Goods/Sports Team May contain cylinders of compressed or liquefied gas (air, carbon dioxide,
Equipment etc.), lithium batteries, propane torches, first aid kits, flammable adhesives,
aerosols, etc.
Swimming Pool Chemicals May contain oxidizing or corrosive substances.
Switches in Electrical May contain Mercury.
Equipment
Tool boxes May contain explosives (power rivets), compressed gases or aerosols,
flammable gases (butane cylinders or torches), flammable adhesives of
paints, corrosive liquids, lithium batteries, etc.

Torches Micro torches and utility lighters may contain flammable gas and be
equipped with an electronic starter. Larger torches may consist of a torch
head (often with a self-igniting switch) attached to a cylinder of flammable
gas.
Unaccompanied May contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods, such
Passenger Baggage/ as fireworks, flammable household liquids, corrosive oven or drain
Personal Effects cleaners, flammable gas or liquid lighter refills or camping stove cylinders,
matches, bleach, aerosols, etc. (those not permitted under DGR Subsection
2.3). Limitations
Vaccines May be packed in Carbon dioxide, solid dry ice.

2.5 DANGEROUS GOODS CARRIED BY PASSENGERS AND CREW

Dangerous goods must not be carried by passengers and crew, either as baggage or on their person, except for
those listed in DGR 2.3, and shown in Table 2.3.A (reproduced on the following pages). Many of them, in
controlled quantities, require the approval of the operator. The following is an abbreviated list of items that may
be carried in the cabin by passengers and crew:

 alcoholic beverages;
 non-radioactive medicinal or toilet articles (including aerosols);
 hair curlers containing hydrocarbon gas;
 dry ice;
 safety matches or a lighter, on one's person only;
 small carbon dioxide and gaseous oxygen in cylinders;
 a clinical thermometer; and
 e-cigarettes (including e-cigars, e-pipes, other personal vaporizers).

Items with a "yes" in the column "The approval of the operator(s) is required" are for dangerous goods that are
permitted in passenger and crew baggage only when the operator(s) concerned approve such carriage. It is
recommended that operators have documented procedures that identify the approval process and any company
specific requirements that may apply to items that are approved for carriage. More detail on the recommended
practice is set out in DGR
1.4.2.2.

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

TABLE 2.3.A
PROVISIONS FOR DANGEROUS GOODS CARRIED BY PASSENGERS OR CREW
(SUBSECTION 2.3)
Dangerous goods must not be carried in or as passengers or crew, checked or carry-on baggage, except as
otherwise provided below. Dangerous goods permitted in carry-on baggage are also permitted "on one's person",
except where otherwise specified.
The pilot-in-command must be informed of the location
Permitted in or as carry-on baggage
Permitted in or as checked baggage
The approval of the operator is required
Alcoholic beverages, when in retail packagings, containing more than 24% but not NO YES YES NO
more than 70% alcohol by volume, in receptacles not exceeding 5-L, with-a-total net
quantity per person of 5 L.
Ammunition (cartridges for weapons), securely packaged (in Div. 1.4S, UN 0012 or YES YES NO NO
UN 0014 only), in quantities not exceeding 5 kg gross weight per person for that
person's own use. Allowances for more than one person must not be combined into
one or more packages. Avalanche rescue backpack, one (1) per person, containing a YES YES YES NO
cartridge of compressed gas in Div. 2.2. May also be equipped with a pyrotechnic
trigger mechanism containing no more than 200 mg net of Div. 1.4S. The backpack
must be packed in such a manner that it cannot be accidentally activated. The airbags
within the backpacks must be fitted with pressure relief
valves. NO* NO YES NO
Batteries, spare/loose, including lithium metal or lithium-ion cells or batteries, for
portable electronic devices must be carried in carry-on baggage only. For lithium
metal batteries the lithium metal content must not exceed 2 g and for lithium-ion
batteries the Watt- hour rating must not exceed 100 Wh. Articles which have the
primary purpose as a power source, e.g., power banks are considered as spare
batteries. These batteries must be individually protected to prevent short circuits.
Each person is limited to a maximum of 20 spare batteries. YES YES NO NO
*The operator may approve the carriage of more than 20 batteries.
Camping stoves and fuel containers that have contained a flammable liquid fuel, with YES YES YES NO
empty fuel tank and/or fuel container (see 2.3.2.5 for details).
Chemical Agent Monitoring Equipment, when carried by staff members of the FORBIDDEN
Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons on official travel (see 2.3.4.4).
Disabling devices such as mace, pepper spray, etc. containing an irritant or YES YES YES NO
incapacitating substance are forbidden on the person, in checked and carry-on
baggage.
Dry ice (carbon dioxide, solid), in quantities not exceeding 2.5 kg per person when
used to pack perishables not subject to these Regulations in checked or carry-on
baggage, provided the baggage (package) permits the release of carbon dioxide gas. NO NO YES NO
Checked baggage must be marked "dry ice" or "carbon dioxide, solid" and with the
FORBIDDEN
net weight of dry ice or an indication that there is 2.5 kg or less dry ice.
e-cigarettes (including e-cigars, e-pipes, other personal vaporizers) containing
batteries must be individually protected to prevent accidental activation.
Electro shock weapons (e.g., Tasers) containing dangerous goods such as explosives, NO NO YES NO
compressed gases, lithium batteries, etc. are forbidden in carry-on baggage or
checked baggage or on the person. NO YES YES NO
Fuel cells containing fuel, powering portable electronic devices (e.g., cameras, YES YES YES YES
cellular phones, laptop computers and camcorders), see 2.3.5.10 for details.
Fuel cell cartridges, spare for portable electronic devices, see 2.3.5.10 for details.
Gas cartridges, small, non-flammable containing carbon dioxide or other suitable gas
in Division 2.2. Up to two (2) small cartridges fitted into a self-inflating safety device NO YES YES NO
such as a life jacket or vest. Not more than one (1) device per passenger and up to
two (2) spare small cartridges per person, not more than four (4) cartridges up to 50
mL water capacity for other devices (see 2.3.4.2).
Gas cylinders, non-flammable, non-toxic worn for the operation of mechanical limbs. NO YES YES NO
Also, spare cylinders of a similar size if required to ensure an adequate supply for the
duration of the journey.
Hair curlers containing hydrocarbon gas, up to one (1) per passenger or crew-
member, provided that the safety cover is securely fitted over the heating element. YES YES YES NO
16TH EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2018
13
 These hair curlers must not be used on board the aircraft at any time. Gas refills for
such curlers are not permitted in checked or carry-on baggage. NO YES YES NO
Heat producing articles such as underwater torches (diving lamps) and soldering
irons NO YES NO NO
(See 2.3.4.6 for details). NO YES YES NO
Insulated packagings containing refrigerated liquid nitrogen (dry shipper), fully
absorbed in a porous material containing only non-dangerous goods. YES YES NO NO
Internal combustion or fuel cell engines, must meet A70 (see 2.3.5.15 for details).
Lamps, energy efficient when in retail packaging intended for personal or home use. Limitations
Lithium Batteries: Security-type equipment containing lithium batteries (see 2.3.2.6
for details)

TABLE 2.3.A
PROVISIONS FOR DANGEROUS GOODS CARRIED BY PASSENGERS OR CREW
(SUBSECTION 2.3) (continued)
The pilot-in-command must be informed of the location
Permitted in or as carry-on baggage
Permitted in or as checked baggage
The approval of the operator is required

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14
 Lithium Batteries: Portable electronic devices (PED) containing lithium metal or NO YES YES NO
lithium-ion cells or batteries, including medical devices such as portable oxygen
concentrators (POC) and consumer electronics such as cameras, mobile phones,
laptops and tablets, when carried by passengers or crew for personal use (see
2.3.5.9). For lithium metal batteries the lithium metal content must not exceed 2 g
and for lithium-ion batteries the Watt-hour rating must not exceed 100 Wh.
Devices in checked baggage must be completely switched off and must be
protected from damage. Each person is limited to a maximum of 15 PED. *The
operator may approve the carriage of more than 15 PED.
Lithium batteries, spare/loose, including power banks, see Batteries, spare/loose YES YES YES NO
Lithium battery-powered electronic devices. Lithium-ion batteries for portable
(including medical) electronic devices, a Wh rating exceeding 100 Wh but not
exceeding 160 Wh. For portable medical electronic devices only, lithium metal
batteries with a lithium metal content exceeding 2 g but not exceeding 8 g.
Devices in checked baggage must be completely switched off and must be YES NO YES NO
protected from damage.
Lithium batteries, spare/loose with a Watt-hour rating exceeding 100 Wh but not
exceeding 160 Wh for consumer electronic devices and PMED or with a lithium
ON ONE’S PER-
metal content exceeding 2 g but not exceeding 8 g for PMED only. Maximum of NO NO
two spare batteries in carry-on baggage only. These batteries.must be individually SON
protected to prevent short circuits.
Matches, safety (one small packet) or a small cigarette lighter that does not
contain unabsorbed liquid fuel, other than liquefied gas, intended for use by an
individual when carried on the person. Lighter fuel and lighter refills are not YES YES NO NO
permitted on one's person or in checked or carry-on baggage.
Note: "Strike anywhere" matches, "Blue flame" or "Cigar" lighters are forbidden.
Mobility Aids: Battery-powered wheelchairs or other similar mobility devices YES YES NO YES
with non- spillable wet batteries or with batteries which comply with Special
Provision A123 or A199, (see 2.3.2.2). YES NO YES YES
Mobility Aids: Battery-powered-wheelchairs-or-other-similar-mobility-devices
with spillable batteries or with lithium batteries (see 2.3.2.3 and 2.3.2.4 for
details). NO YES YES NO
Mobility Aids: Battery-powered wheelchairs or other similar mobility devices
with lithium-ion batteries (collapsible), lithium-ion battery must be removed and NO YES NO NO
carried in the cabin (see 2.3.2.4(d) for details).
Non-radioactive medicinal or toiletry articles (including aerosols) such as hair
sprays, perfumes, colognes and medicines containing alcohol; and
Non-flammable, non-toxic aerosols in Division 2.2, with no subsidiary risk, for
sporting or home use. YES YES YES YES
The total net quantity of non-radioactive medicinal or toiletry articles and non-
flammable, non- toxic aerosols in Division 2.2 must not exceed 2 kg or 2 L and NO YES NO NO
the net quantity of each single article must not exceed 0.5 kg or 0.5 L. Release NO YES YES NO
valves on aerosols must be protected by a cap or other suitable means to prevent
inadvertent release of the contents.
ON ONE’S PER-
Oxygen or air, gaseous, cylinders required for medical use. The cylinder must NO NO
SON
not exceed 5 kg gross weight.
Note: Liquid oxygen systems are forbidden for transport.
FORBIDDEN
Note:
The provisions of DGR 2.3 and Table 2.3.A may be limited by State or operator variations. Passengers should
check with their airline for the current provisions.

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 D a n g e r o u s G o o d s T r a i n i n g P r o g r a m m e — W o r k b o o k 5

2.6 TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS BY POST

Dangerous goods, other than listed below, are forbidden for carriage in air mail. The following items may be
accepted by mail subject to the provisions of the appropriate national authorities concerned and provided that
they comply with the requirements of the DGR:

a) Infectious substances, assigned to Biological substance, Category B (UN 3373) only, when packed in
accordance with the requirements of Packing Instruction 650, and carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) when
used as a refrigerant for infectious substances (UN 3373);
b) Patient specimens as defined in the Regulations. DGR 3.6.2.1.4 provided that they are classified,
packed and marked as required by 3.6.2.2.3.8(a) and (b);
c) Radioactive material, in an excepted package, UN 2910 and UN 2911 only, provided the activity does
not exceed one tenth of that permitted in Table-10.3:C, and that does not-meet. the definitions and
criteria of classes, other than Class 7, or divisions, as defined in Section 3. The package must be
marked with the name and address of the shipper and the consignee, the package must be marked
"radioactive material-quantities permitted for movement by post" and must bear the radioactive
material, excepted package label illustrated in Unit 5 of this workbook;
d) Lithium-ion batteries contained in equipment (UN 3481) meeting the provisions of Section II of
Packing Instruction 967. No more than four cells or two batteries may be mailed in any single package;
and
e) Lithium metal batteries contained in equipment (UN 3091) meeting the provisions of Section II of
Packing Instruction 970. No more than four cells or two batteries may be mailed in any single package.

The procedures of designated - postal operators for controlling the introduction of dangerous goods in mail into
air transport are subject to review and approval by the civil aviation authority of the State where the mail is
accepted.
Before a designated postal operator can introduce the acceptance of lithium batteries as identified in (d) and (e)
above they must have received specific approval from the civil aviation authority whereas (a), (b), (c) can be
accepted without this specific approval.

2.7 DANGEROUS GOODS IN OPERATOR'S PROPERTY

Some articles and substances classified as dangerous goods are required to be on board an aircraft in accordance
with the pertinent airworthiness requirements and operating regulations; or are authorised by the State of the
operator to meet special requirements. Examples of these are: life rafts, life jackets, emergency escape slides, all
of which contain cylinders of compressed gas and may also contain other items such as first aid kits and flares.

Other items such as aerosols, alcoholic beverages, perfumes and colognes, safety matches, liquefied gas lighters
and portable electronic devices containing lithium ion or lithium metal cells or batteries provided that the
lithium batteries meet the passenger provisions (see DGR 2.3.5.9) may be carried aboard an aircraft by the
operator for use or sale on the aircraft during the flight or series of flights.

However, articles and substances intended as replacements or articles and substances, which have been removed
for replacement, must be transported in accordance with the provisions of the DGR. Except that when consigned
by operators, they may be carried in containers specially designed for their transport, provided such containers
are capable of meeting at least the requirements for the packaging specified in the Regulations for the items
packed in the
containers.

Also, Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) intended for use in food and beverage service can be carried aboard the
aircraft.
Electronic devices such as electronic flight bags, personal entertainment devices, credit card readers, containing
lithium metal or lithium-ion cells or batteries and spare lithium batteries for such devices carried aboard an
aircraft by the operator for use on the aircraft during the flight or

16TH EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2018

16
 Limitations

series of flights, provided that the batteries meet the provisions of other lithium batteries for portable electronic
devices (see IATA DGR 2.3.5.9). Spare lithium batteries must be individually protected so as to prevent short
circuits when not in use. Conditions for the carriage and use of these electronic devices and for the carriage of
spare batteries must be provided in the operations manual and/or other appropriate manuals as will enable flight
crew, cabin crew and other employees to carry out their responsibilities.

2.8 DANGEROUS GOODS IN EXCEPTED QUANTITIES

Special provisions have been made for the transport of very small quantities of dangerous goods, as cargo,
which except them from the usual requirements for dangerous goods including documentation, hazard labels and
segregation in loading.
Packages containing excepted quantities of dangerous goods do not require any special handling or loading
except as provided in DGR 9.3.1.

Notes:
1. A checklist is not required for dangerous goods in excepted quantities
2. Dangerous goods in excepted quantities are not required to be shown on the Special
Load-Notification to Captain (NOTOC).

Any incident involving leakage or spillage of a package containing excepted quantities of dangerous goods must
be reported. Minimum dimension 100 mm
Each package must be durably and legibly marked with a special red or black hatched with the mark as shown
below.

Minimum dimension 100 mm

-Place for class or, when assigned, the division number(s).

**-Place for name of shipper or consignee, if not shown elsewhere on the package.

An overpack containing dangerous goods in excepted quantities must display the marks mentioned above and
must be marked with the word "overpack", unless such marks on packages within the overpack are clearly
visible.

Note:
When a package containing dangerous goods in excepted quantities is packed with UN 1845 Carbon dioxide,
solid (dry ice), the requirements in Packing Instruction 954 must be met.

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

2.9 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL-EXCEPTED PACKAGES

Excepted packages may only contain quantities of radioactive material which are so small that the potential
hazards during transport are insignificant. There are no test requirements for excepted packages and therefore it
must be assumed that in any form of accident the package may fail completely and that the contents may be
dispersed. The radiation level at any point on the surface of an excepted package cannot exceed 5 μSv/h to
ensure that any radiation dose to members of the public would not be significant and that any sensitive
photographic material in close proximity would not be damaged. Excepted packages of radioactive materials are
not subject to the provisions relating to categorization of packages, packing, labelling, marking and other
shipper's responsibilities, operator's responsibilities and packaging nomenclature, marking requirements and
tests except for the provisions relating to marks of gross mass, documentation completion, inspection and
decontamination requirements, the reporting of dangerous goods accidents, incidents and other occurrences.

Such packages are subject to the general packing requirements in DGR 10.5.8.

These packages require a special label as illustrated below:

Minimum dimension 74 mm

Minimum dimension 105 mm

Note:
A special load notification to Captain (NOTOC) is not required for radioactive material, excepte packages.

2.10 STATE AND OPERATOR VARIATIONS

States (countries) and operators (airlines) may submit their own variations to the Dangerous Goods Regulations.
For example, several Governments require that-prior authorization must b obtained before certain classes of
dangerous goods may be shipped to, from or through their country. Some do not permit the use of certain
packagings. Various airlines also have similar restrictions.

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

REVIEW EXERCISES FOR UNIT 2

1.What hazards might you expect to find in the following items? Refer to the list on the
previous pages.

(a) Dental Apparatus

(b) Repair Kits

(c) Frozen Food

(d) Aircraft Spare Parts

For the following items, does the passenger need the approval of the operator? Reference Table 2.3.A on the
previous pages.

(a) Liquid fuelled camping stoves' YES/NO

(b) Small oxygen cylinders YES/NO

(for medical use)

(c) Safety matches YES/NO

(for personal use)

3. For the following items, must the pilot-in-command be notified? Reference Table 2.3.A on the previous
pages.

a) Wheelchair with a spillable YES/NO

Battery

b) 4.0 kg of ammunition YES/NO

(in-checked baggage)

c) Thermometer containing. YES/NO

mercury (carried by a
government official)

d) e-cigarettes YES/NO

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

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UNIT 3-CLASSIFICATION
3.1 DEFINITION

Dangerous goods are divided into 9 classes reflecting the type of risk involved. These are listed
in DGR 3.0.2.

Classes 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 are divided into "Divisions" due to hazard variations within these classes.

Classes are expressed by single-digit numbers. For example, Class 7.

Divisions are expressed by 2-digit numbers. The first digit identifies the Class number and the second identifies
the variation within that class. For example, Oxidizer is Class 5, Division 1, and is referred to as "Division 5.1".

Each class or division has specific criteria that are used to determine whether an article or substance belongs to
that class or division (DGR Section 3). These criteria are technically detailed and classification of an item
requires specialist knowledge of the criteria. These classes and a brief description are:

Class 1 ─ Explosives;
• Division 1.1-Articles and substances having a mass explosion hazard.
• Division 1.2-Articles and substances having a projection hazard but not a mass explosion
hazard.
• Division 1.3-Articles and substances having a fire hazard, a minor blast hazard and/or-a-
minor-projection-hazard-but-not-a-mass-explosion-hazard.
• Division 1.4-Articles and substances presenting no significant hazard.
• Division 1.5-Very insensitive substances having a mass explosion hazard. Division 1.6-
Extremely insensitive articles which do not have a mass explosion hazard.

Class 2 ─ Gases;
• Division 2.1-Flammable gas.
• Division 2.2-Non-flammable, non-toxic gas.
• Division 2.3-Toxic gas.

Class 3 ─ Flammable liquids (no sub-divisions);

Class 4 ─ Flammable solids; Substances liable to spontaneous combustion;

Substances which in contact with water emit flammable gases;

• Division 4.1-Flammable solids, self-reactive substances, polymerizing substances and solid

desensitized explosives.
• Division 4.2-Substances liable to spontaneous combustion.
• Division 4.3-Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable

Class 5 ─ Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides;

• Division 5.1-Oxidizer.
• Division 5.2-Organic peroxides.

Class 6 ─ Toxic and infectious substances;

• Division 6.1-Toxic substances.

• Division 6.2-Infectious substances.

Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

16TH EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2018

21
 Class ─ 7 Radioactive material (no sub divisions);

Class ─ 8 Corrosives (no sub divisions);

Class ─ 9 Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles, including environmentally hazardous

substances. (Lithium battery.

Some dangerous goods may have characteristics that meet the classification criteria of more than one class or
division. Under these circumstances the substance is said to have both a primary and subsidiary risk.

The classes have been arranged/numbered by the type of hazard involved. The order in which the classes are
shown does not imply a relative degree of danger or the precedence of the hazard involved.

Three letter Cargo-IMP (Interline Message Procedures) Codes (see Appendix A) are assigned to each
class/division to facilitate recognition of the presence of dangerous goods on various flight documents, such as
cargo manifests and Special Load-Notification to Captain (NOTOC).

A detailed discussion on hazard labels will follow in-Unit 5.

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

REVIEW EXERCISES FOR UNIT 3

1. Give the appropriate Class or Division number and Cargo IMP codes for the following:

Class or Division Cargo IMP

(a) Toxic substances

(b) Corrosive

(c) Radioactive

(d) Carbon Dioxide,

Solid (Dry Ice)

2. How many Divisions are there in Class 2?

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

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UNIT 4 ─ IDENTIFICATION

4.1 GENERAL

Dangerous goods are identified by proper shipping names and UN numbers. These names and numbers are
assigned under the United Nations-classification system to a specific article or substance. In cases where a UN
number has not yet been assigned, an identification (ID) number in the 8000 series is assigned.

4.2 LIST OF DANGEROUS GOODS

Section 4.2 of the Regulations contains an alphabetical list of dangerous goods (DGR 4.2), most commonly
offered for transport by air. It contains information relating to the UN/ID number, classes, excepted quantity
code, labels, packing method, the permitted quantities per package on both passenger and cargo aircraft and any
Special Provision that may apply to that substance.

The absence of an article or substance from the list should not be interpreted as permitting its unregulated
carriage by air.

On occasion, substances will be offered for transport, which do not have a specific entry in the list of dangerous
goods. In order to properly classify these dangerous goods, a number of generic entries have been included in
the list which refer to groups or categories of substances, for example Toxic liquid, organic, n.o.s. ("not
otherwise specified") or Alcohols, n.o.s.*, etc. "Not Otherwise Specified" or "n.o.s."-is-a-term-used-to-describe
a substance that meets the classification of a dangerous good, but is not correctly described by a chemical name.
For example, a mixture of two flammable liquids may be named "Flammable Liquid, n.o.s.". Generic entries
with a "" require the inclusion of the technical name of the substance in brackets following the proper shipping
name. (DGR 4.1.2.1(d))

For example: Corrosive liquid, acidic, organic, n.o.s. (Caprylyl Chloride)

Note:
Some items and substances are FORBIDDEN on either passenger or cargo aircraft.

For example: Arsenic Trichloride, UN 1560.

Notes:
1. If the UN or ID number is known, the Numerical Cross-reference List can be used to find the proper
shipping name (DGR 4.3).
2. Column N of the List of Dangerous Goods provides the Emergency Response Drill Code (ERG Code)
as found in the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) document "Emergency Response
Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving Dangerous Goods" (ICAO Doc. 9481). Many operators-
include the ERG Codes on the NOTOC to assist the pilot-in- command in the event of an in-flight
incident involving dangerous goods, (see Unit 8-Dangerous Goods Emergency Response).
On the following page is an extract of the IATA Dangerous Goods List.

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4.3 BREAKDOWN OF THE LIST OF DANGEROUS GOODS

(DGR 4.2)

Note:
The quantity limitations shown in columns H, J and L apply only to the amount contained in one package, not in
one consignment or aircraft. There is no limit to the number of packages permitted on board an aircraft, unless
further restricted by State or operator variations.
Identification

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REVIEW EXERCISES FOR UNIT 4

1. Using the extract from the List of Dangerous Goods reproduced on the previous page,
complete the following for UN 2875:

(a) The proper shipping name.

(b) The hazard label(s) required on the package.

(c) The maximum net quantity per package on a passenger aircraft when the substance is shipped under the
Limited Quantity provisions.

(d) The ERG Code.

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UNIT 5-MARKING AND LABELLING

5.1 GENERAL

The correct marking and labelling of dangerous goods packages is an important element in the safe transport
process. Marks and labels fulfil the following general purposes:

• they indicate the contents of the package;

• they indicate that the packaging meets approved standards;
• they provide safe handling and stowage information;
• they indicate the nature of hazard(s).

Several illustrations of packages bearing marks and labels are shown in this unit.
The shipper is responsible for the correct marking and labelling of the packages presented for transport.
The cargo agent, freight forwarder and operators' dangerous goods acceptance staff are required to check and
make sure that all packages are correctly marked and labelled before accepting the consignment.

5.2 MARKING

For each package and overpack containing dangerous goods that requires mark, the shipper must:
1. check that the required mark is applied in the correct locations on the package and that it meets the
quality and specification requirements of the Regulations;
2. ensure that where specification packaging is required, the specification marks are as specified;
3. remove or obliterate any irrelevant mark;
4. ensure that all of the required marks have been applied when the package is presented to the operator.

There are two types of marks:

• marks which identify the use of a particular packaging for a particular shipment. Every package of
dangerous goods must be marked with the proper shipping name, the UN or ID number, and the full
name and address of the shipper and consignee (DGR 7.1.4.1(a), (b)). All the other package use
marking requirements of DGR 7.1.4.1 (c) to (i) must be shown as applicable.
• marks which identify the design or specification of a packaging.

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5.2.1 Packaging Use Marking Requirements

As a minimum each package or overpack containing dangerous goods must be clearly marked to show:

• the proper shipping name(s);

• the applicable UN or ID Number(s); and
• the full name and address of the shipper and the consignee;

Example:
Paint
UN 1263
1 package contains:
MacLean Chemicals PLC.
Proper shipping name
8 Old Kent Road
UN Number
London E.C.1, England
Shipper's name and address in full
Chemimport
Wiesengrund 6
D-50667 Köln 40
Consignee's name and address in full
Germany

PAINT
UN 1263
(Ref. 7.1.4.1(a))

SHIPPER: CONSIGNEE:
MacLean Chemimport
Chemicals PLC Wiesengrund 6
8 Old Kent Road D-50667 Köln 40
London E.C.1 Germany
England
(Ref. 7.1.4.1(b))

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 Marking and Labelling

5.2.2 UN Specification Marks

These packagings are subject to performance tests designed to ensure that the package tested will not lose any of
their contents under normal transport conditions. The severity of the tests on a packaging is dependent on the
degree of danger of the intended contents. UN Specification packagings are normally tested by an institute
authorized by government authorities. They bear a UN specification mark.

Example of a UN Specification Mark:

= United Nations Packaging Symbol indicating that the package has been designed,
tested and manufactured according to the United Nations Specifications.

4G = The Packaging Type Code. “4G” indicates a fibreboard box.

X = The packing group designator. X can be used for packing groups |, Il and III. Y can
be used for packing group II and III, Z only for packing group III.
10 = Tells you the maximum permitted gross weight, in kilograms, of the package.
S = Indicates the package is used to contain solids or inner packagings.
xx = Shows the year in which the package was manufactured e.g. “18”.
USA = Indicates the State authorising the allocation of the mark.
T7402 = Name or identification mark of the manufacturer.

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5.2.3 Overpacks

An overpack is an enclosure used by a single shipper to contain one or more packages to form one handling unit
for convenience of handling and stowage. Dangerous goods packages contained in an overpack must be
properly packed, marked, labelled and in proper condition as required by the Regulations. The overpack must
also be marked and labelled in accordance with the Regulations. A unit load device is not included in this
definition.

Examples of overpacks are:

• A strong outside
fibreboard box or drum, a
wooden box or barrel, or
a metal barrel or drum.

• A wooden crate

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 Marking and Labelling

• Packages strapped together

• Packages strapped to a
warehouse skid/pallet

Note:
Shrink-wrap or banding may be considered an overpack

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5.3 LABELLING

Packages containing dangerous goods must be properly labelled to indicate their contents. There are two types
of labels:

• hazard labels;
• handling labels.

The shipper is responsible for labelling a package or overpack containing dangerous goods (DGR 7.2.1).

The operator is responsible only for replacing labels that become detached or unidentifiable during transport
(DGR 9.3.7).

5.3.1 Hazard Labels

Packages containing dangerous goods are identified with special hazard labels, intended to indicate the risks
inherent to the contents.

Hazard labels are in the shape of a square set at 45° (diamond shaped), and have minimum dimension of 100 x
100 mm.

Text indicating the nature of the risk may be shown in the lower half of the hazard label (DGR 7.2.2.4) but,
except for Radioactive Material (Class 7), is not mandatory, unless there is a State or operator variation that
requires the text.

Articles and substances that have a subsidiary risk(s) require labels identifying all of the hazards that the article
or substance poses. The hazard labels identifying these primary and subsidiary risks must carry the Class or
Division number in the bottom corner. (DGR 7.2.3.2).

Class 1, Explosives labels also require the Compatibility Group to be shown above the Class number in the
bottom corner.

The following table lists the hazard labels used in the transport of dangerous goods by air and a short description
of the classes or divisions.

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 Marking and Labelling

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 Marking and Labelling

5.3.2 Handling Labels and Marks

In addition to hazard labels, handling labels are used to provide information on the proper handling and stowage
of packages of dangerous goods.
Name Handling Description Comments and/or
Cargo IMP Code Labels Examples

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

Name Handling Description Comments and/or

Cargo IMP Code Labels Examples

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 Marking and Labelling

Name Handling Description Comments and/or

Cargo IMP Code Labels Examples

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Example of marking and labelling:

Notes:
1. The marks and labels are not all required to be on one side of the package. They are shown
this way in the diagram for clarity. However there are some requirements to be met:

 labels must be located on the same side of the package near the proper shipping name if package
dimensions are adequate;
 labels should be affixed next to the shipper's or consignee's address appearing on the package;
 The full name and address of the shipper and the consignee must be provided and should be located on the
same surface of the package near the proper shipping name.
 subsidiary hazard labels, when applicable, must be affixed-next-to-the-primary hazard label on the same
surface of the package;
 when a "Cargo Aircraft Only" label is required, it must be affixed on the same surface of the package near
the hazard label(s);
 when package orientation "This Way Up" labels are required, at least two of these labels must be used.
One label must be affixed to each of two opposite sides of the package, with the arrows pointing in the
correct direction;
 when a package requires the net quantity or gross weight of the dangerous goods to be shown, it must be
indicated adjacent to the UN number and proper shipping name.

2. Due to the size of packages it is not always possible to meet these requirements in full. Note the use of 'must'
(mandatory) and 'should' (optional).
UN specification marks are made independently by the manufacturer or testing agency and may appear on a
different side.

Marking and Labelling

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5.3.3 Consumer Product Warning

All over the world there are different laws on how to identify the hazardous properties of Chemicals and how
information about these hazards is then passed to users (through consumer supply labels and safety data sheets
for workers). This can be confusing because the same Chemical can have different hazard descriptions in
different countries. For example, a chemical could be labelled for supply as 'toxic' in one country, but not in
another. For this reason, the UN brought together experts from different countries to create the Globally
Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS).

This-system aims at ensuring that information on physical hazards and toxicity from chemicals is available in
order to enhance the protection of human health and the environment during the handling, transport and use of
these chemicals. It aims at ensuring that information on physical hazards and toxicity from chemicals is
available in order to enhance the protection of human health and the environment during the handling, transport
and use of these chemicals.

While some pictograms identify substances that only pose a hazard for supply and use, other GHS pictograms
contain symbols that are largely equivalent to the symbols contained in the hazard labels used in transport, and
which may therefore indicate that the contents are dangerous goods.
The pictograms used by GHS are shown in Tables B.4.A and B.4.B. Table B.4.A identifies the GHS pictograms
that contain symbols that also appear on the hazard label used in transport. The presence of these pictograms
may indicate that the contents of the package are dangerous goods. Table B.4.B identifies GHS pictograms that
identify substances that pose a hazard other than an acute hazard and which do not pose a risk in transport (see
also DGR 2.2).
For more information, see http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_welcome_e.html.

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

TABLE B.4.A
GHS PICTOGRAMS AND THEIR CRITERIA (B.4)

Notes:
1. The GHS pictograms, as shown above may indicate products which are dangerous goods for transport.
There are however national and regional differences which may mean that packages bearing such
pictograms are not classified as dangerous goods in transport.
2. When a substance is required to show corrosive symbol based solely on classification criteria of "serious
eye damage" in the GHS classification, the substance does not meet, the classification criteria of corrosive
materials for transport.

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 Marking and Labelling

TABLE B.4.B
GHS PICTOGRAMS AND THEIR CRITERIA (B.4)

In these circumstances clarification should be sought from the shipper as to the product's classification
before accepting the goods as 'Not Restricted'. Clarification could be by production of a Material Safety
Data Sheet (MSDS) or other technical specification for the substance or article.

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5.4 IDENTIFICATION OF UNIT LOAD DEVICES (ULD)

CONTAINING DANGEROUS GOODS

Each ULD containing dangerous goods, which require hazard labels, must display an identifi cation tag on its
exterior indicating that dangerous goods are contained within the ULD. This indication must be provided by
attaching to the ULD an identification tag having a border of prominent red hatchings on both sides and with
minimum dimensions of 148 x 210 mm (5% x 8 in). The primary and subsidiary hazard class(es) or division(s)
numbers of such dangerous goods must be clearly marked on this tag. The tag must be removed from the ULD
immediately after the dangerous goods have been unloaded.
When placed inside a protective tag holder, the information on the identification tag must be legible and visible
(DGR 9.3.8):
If the ULD contains packages bearing the "Cargo Aircraft Only" label, the tag must indicate that the ULD can
only be loaded on a cargo aircraft.

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REVIEW EXERCISES FOR UNIT 5

1. What three "packaging use marks" are required on all packages or overpacks containing dangerous goods:

(a)

(b)

(b)

2. What does this United Nations packaging symbol indicates?

3. There are two types of package marks. What are they?

4. How many types of labes are there? Specify.

5. Where on the package must a CAO label be placed?

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6. What special identification is required for ULD's containing dangerous goods and what dangerous goods
information is required to be shown?

7. Identify the appropriate class or division for the following labels

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UNIT 6-DOCUMENTATION

6.1 INTRODUCTION
All cargo being transported by air requires the appropriate transport documentation. The main documents
involved are:
• the Air Waybill (AWB); or also known as
• the Air Consignment Note.
In addition, for most dangerous goods, the shipment must be accompanied by:
• the Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods (DGD).

6.2 THE SHIPPER'S DECLARATION FOR DANGEROUS GOODS (DGD)

6.2.1 Description

The shipper is responsible for the completion of a Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods in the IATA
format for shipments. Containing dangerous goods as defined in, or classified according to the DGR.

The Shipper's Declaration must be signed and dated by the shipper. Persons or organisations (including
consolidators, freight forwarders and IATA cargo agents) employed by the shipper to act on their behalf to
undertake the shipper's responsibilities in the preparation of the consignment and trained as required by DGR
Subsection 1.5 may complete and sign the Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods.

The form may be printed in black and red on white paper or in red only. The diagonal hatchings printed
vertically in the left and right margins must be printed in red.

An example of a completed Shipper's Declaration form is shown on the next page so that personnel accepting
only non-dangerous goods are aware of what the Shipper's Declaration looks like. However, persons completing
this general cargo acceptance training pro- gramme are not qualified to accept dangerous goods, and must not
under any circum- stances accept packages declared as dangerous goods.
The following articles or substances do not require a "Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods":

 Dangerous goods in excepted quantities (see 2.6.8);

 UN 3373, Biological substance, Category B (see Packing Instruction 650);
 UN 2807, Magnetized material (see Packing Instruction 953);
 UN 1845, Carbon dioxide, solid (Dry ice) when used as a refrigerant for other than dangerous goods
(see Packing Instruction 954 (c));
 UN 3245, Genetically modified organisms, Genetically modified microorganisms (see Packing
Instruction 959);
 lithium ion or lithium metal cells or batteries meeting the provisions of Section II of Packing
Instructions 965-970;
 Radioactive material, excepted packages (RRE) (see 10.5.8.2);

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 Documentation

6.3 AIR WAYBILL (AWB)

6.3.1 Shipments Containing Dangerous Goods

The completion of Air Waybills for shipments containing dangerous goods have very specific requirements.
These requirements are detailed in the DGR for both radioactive consignments (DGR Section 10.8.8) and non-
radioactive consignments (DGR Section 8.2).
The Air Waybill must be completed in the usual manner and must contain in the handling information box the
following statement(s) as required:
"DANGEROUS GOODS AS PER ATTACHED SHIPPER'S DECLARATION" or "DANGEROUS GOODS
AS PER ATTACHED DGD"; Vo
If required, add the words: "CARGO AIRCRAFT ONLY" or "CAO";

When an Air Waybill is issued for a shipment containing both dangerous and non-dangerous goods, there must
be an indication in the "Handling Information" box of the Air Waybill of the number of packages containing
dangerous goods. This should be shown either before or after the statement "Dangerous Goods as per attached
Shipper's Declaration".

The description of the dangerous goods shown in the "Nature and Quantity of Goods" box of the Air Waybill
should be a general description for rating or customs requirements and does not need to be the proper shipping
name.

When a Shipper's Declaration is not required, the information as required by DGR 8.2.3 must be shown in the
"Nature and Quantity of Goods" box on the Air Waybill, however, no statement is required in the handling box.

Examples of how the Air Waybill must be completed are shown in DGR. 8.2.7 and on the following pages in
this book.

For Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities, the following statement is required in the "Nature and Quantity of
Goods" box along with the number of packages:
"Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities."

Example 1:
Shipment containing dangerous goods requiring a Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods.

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Example 2:
Shipment containing dangerous goods not requiring a Shipper's Declaration (for example Carbon dioxide, solid
(Dry Ice) when not shipped with other dangerous goods).

Note:
It is not necessary to show either the packing group or packing instruction number on the
Air Waybill for carbon dioxide, solid (Dry Ice).

Example 3:
Shipment contains dangerous goods in excepted quantities.

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 Documentation

Example 4:
Shipment contains Excepted Packages of radioactive material.

Example 5:
This shipment contains a Biological substance, Category B.

Example 6:
This shipment contains Lithium ion batteries in compliance with Section II of Packing Instruction
965.

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One or more of the pictograms shown in Unit 5 (DGR Table B.4.A) on a package may indicate that the contents
of the package are dangerous goods. These pictograms are those used to identify substances subject to the
provisions of the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
(GHS). Therefore, to facilitate transport, when a package bearing the GHS pictogram(s) is offered for transport
without being declared as dangerous goods, the shipper should indicate "not restricted" on the air waybill, or on
the alternative transport document when there is no air waybill.

6.3.2 Articles and Substances Not Subject to these Regulations (Not Restricted)

If an article or substance contains a chemical, which could be suspected of being dangerous but does not meet
the criteria for any of the hazard classes or divisions, it may be offered for transport as not restricted if the words
"Not Restricted" are included in the description of the article or substance on the Air Waybill to indicate that it
has been checked. Where an article fulfils the prerequisites of a Special Provision as being not subject to the
Regulations, the statement "Not restricted, as per Special Provision Axx" must be included in the description of
the article on the Air Waybill to indicate that the applicable Special Provision applies (DGR 8.2.6).

Example 6:

Shipment contains an article or substance that may be suspected of being dangerous, but does not meet the
classification criteria in Unit 3 and is known to be not subject to the Regulations.

One or more of the pictograms shown in Unit 5, 5.3.3 (see DGR Table B.4.A) on a package may indicate that
the contents of the package are dangerous goods. The pictograms shown in Table B.4.A are those used to
identify substances subject to the provisions of the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of
Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). Therefore, to facilitate transport, when a package bearing the
GHS pictogram(s) is offered for transport without being declared as dangerous goods, the shipper should
indicate "not restricted" on the air waybill, or on the alternative transport document when there is no air waybill.

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UNIT 7-ACCEPTANCE

7.1 OPERATOR/CARGO AGENT'S RESPONSIBILITY

It is important that the correct acceptance procedures are followed to ensure that only -consignments of non-
dangerous goods are processed as general cargo shipments.
It is the responsibility of cargo acceptance personnel to ensure that the shipper has complied with the declaration
requirements for the articles. Particular attention must be paid to the description of the contents of the shipment
as described on the Air Waybill and any other documentation that may accompany the shipment, bearing in
mind the types of descriptions that may indicate "hidden" or undeclared dangerous goods as shown in Unit 2.4.

Cargo acceptance personnel must also be alert for marking and/or labelling on packages that may indicate the
presence of "hidden" or undeclared dangerous goods.

When dangerous goods shipments are received, these must be processed by a dangerous goods acceptance
specialist who has been trained as required by the DGR and who must use an acceptance checklist to verify that
the shipment is in full compliance with the Regulations. If the operator has a policy of not accepting dangerous
goods for carriage then such shipments must be refused and handed back to the shipper.

7.1.1 Consumer Product Warning

As mentioned in Unit 5 of this workbook, some articles or packages may bear a consumer product warning
symbol or a consumer hazard label. The substance or article contained in the package may not however meet the
classification criteria for dangerous goods as set out in the DGR.

In these circumstances clarification should be sought from the shipper as to the product's classification before
accepting the goods as 'Not Restricted'. Clarification could be by production of a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) or
other technical specification for the substance or article.

If doubt still exists or assistance is required to interpret the SDS contact a person qualified in Dangerous Goods
Acceptance.

7.1.2 Irrelevant Labelling

It is possible that someone might have a package bearing a dangerous goods "hazard" label, for example a
Corrosive-label, on a package that only contains books. The correct course of action is to ask the shipper to
remove or obliterate the inappropriate label, explaining the potential confusion that its presence would cause. If
however the package did contain a corrosive material the shipper must be advised that it cannot be accepted
unless prepared, packaged, marked, labelled and documented in accordance with the provisions of the
Regulations.

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7.1.3 Biological substance, Category

General

Biological substances, Category B, (Division 6.2, Category B infectious substances), may be accepted without
further regulation subject to specific acceptance requirements set out by the operator. These shipments do not
require a Shipper's Declaration, nor an acceptance checklist. If Biological substances Category B are presented
for transport and there are any concerns regarding packaging or documentation it is best to contact a person
qualified in Dangerous Goods Acceptance.

Requirements

Biological substances, Category B must be packaged in compliance with Packing Instruction 650 as specified in
DGR Section 5 and reproduced on the next pages for your reference.

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 Acceptance

PACKING INSTRUCTION 650

STATE VARIATIONS: BHG-02, CAG-05, DQG-03, GBG-05, GHG-02, IDG-02, VCG-04

OPERATOR VARIATIONS: 4C-04, 4M-04, AM-06/10, AR-02, AS-08, BR-14, BZ-07, CM-05, E9-03, FX-04,
G3-02, HG-05, IP-03, JJ-04, KC-08, KE-06, L7-04, LA-07, LH-05, LP-04, LU-04, M3-04, M7-04, MS-06, OS-
05, OU-12, PX-08, SQ-10, SV-12, TN-05, TR-05, UC-04, UU-05, XG-05, XL-04, XQ-05

This instruction applies to UN 3373 on passenger and cargo aircraft and Cargo Aircraft Only.

General Requirements

The packagings must be of good quality, strong enough to withstand the shocks and loadings normally
encountered during transport, including trans-shipment between transport units and between transport units and
warehouses as well as any removal from a pallet or overpack for subsequent manual or mechanical handling.
Packagings must be constructed and closed so as to prevent any loss of contents that might be caused under
normal conditions of transport, by vibration, or by changes in temperature, humidity or pressure.

The packaging must consist of three components:

(a) a primary receptacle(s);
(b) a secondary packaging; and
(c) a rigid outer packaging.

Primary receptacles must be packed in secondary packagings in such a way that, under normal conditions of
transport, they cannot break, be punctured or leak their contents into the secondary packaging. Secondary
packagings must be secured in outer packagings with suitable cushioning material. Any leakage of the contents
must not compromise the integrity of the cushioning material or of the outer-packaging.

Packages must be prepared as follows:

(a) For liquid substances:
1. The primary receptacle(s) must be leakproof and must not contain more than 1 L;
2. The secondary packaging must be leakproof;
3. If multiple fragile primary receptacles are placed in a single secondary packaging, they must be either
individually wrapped or separated to prevent contact between them;
4. Absorbent material must be placed between the primary receptacle and the secondary packaging. The
absorbent material, such as cotton wool, must be in sufficient quantity to absorb the entire contents of
the primary receptacle(s) so that any release of the liquid substance will not compromise the integrity
of the cushioning material or of the outer packaging;
5. The primary receptacle or the secondary packaging must be capable of withstanding, without leakage,
an internal pressure of 95 kPa in the range of -40°C to 55°C.
6. The outer packaging must not contain more than 4 L. This quantity excludes ice, dry ice or liquid
nitrogen when used to keep specimens cold.
Note:
The capability of a packaging to withstand an internal pressure without leakage that produces the specified
pressure differential should be determined by testing samples of primary receptacles or secondary packagings.
Pressure differential is the difference between the pressure exerted on the inside of the receptacle or packaging
and the pressure on the outside. The appropriate test method should be selected based on receptacle or
packaging type. Acceptable test methods include any method that produces the required pressure differential
between the inside and outside of a primary receptacle or a secondary packaging. The test may be conducted
using internal hydraulic or pneumatic pressure (gauge) or extemal vacuum test methods. Internal hydraulic or

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Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5
most circumstances. An external vacuum test is not acceptable if

PACKING INSTRUCTION 650 (continued)

the specified pressure differential is not achieved and maintained. The external vacuum test is a generally
acceptable method for rigid receptacles and packagings but is not normally acceptable for:
─ flexible receptacles and flexible packagings;
─ receptacles and packagings filled and closed under a absolute atmospheric
pressure lower than 95 kPa.
(b) For solid substances:
1. The primary receptacle(s) must be siftproof and must not exceed the outer packaging weight limit;
2. The secondary packaging must be siftproof;
3. If multiple fragile primary receptacles are placed in a single secondary packaging, they must be either
individually wrapped or separated to prevent contact between them;
4. Except for packages containing body parts, organs or whole bodies, the outer packaging must not contain
more than 4 kg. This quantity excludes ice, dry ice or liquid nitrogen when used to keep specimens cold;
5. If there is any doubt as to whether or not residual liquid may be present in the primary receptacle during
transport then a packaging suitable for liquids, including absorbent materials, must be used.

An itemized list of contents must be enclosed between the secondary packaging and the outer packaging.

At least one surface of the outer packaging must have a minimum dimension of 100 mm x 100 mm.

The completed package must be capable of successfully passing the drop test described in 6.5.4.4 as specified in
6.5.4.2 except that the height of the-drop must not be less than 1.2 m. Following the appropriate drop sequence,
there must be no leakage from the primary receptacle(s) which must remain protected by absorbent material,
when required, in the secondary packaging.

For transport, the mark illustrated below must be displayed on the external surface of the outer packaging on a
background of a contrasting colour and must be clearly visible and legible. The mark must be in the form of a
square set at an angle of 45° (diamond-shaped) with each side having a length of at least 50 mm, the width of
the line must be at least 2 mm and the letters and numbers must be at least 6 mm high. The proper shipping
name "Biological Substance, Category B" in letters at least 6 mm high must be marked on the outer packaging
adjacent to the diamond- shaped mark.

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 Acceptance

PACKING INSTRUCTION 650 (continued)

Unless all package marks are clearly visible, the following conditions apply when packages are placed in an
overpack:

 the overpack must be marked with the word "Overpack"; and

 the package marks must be reproduced on the outside of the overpack.

A Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods is not required.

Alternative packagings for the transport of animal material may be authorized-by-the-competent authority in
accordance with the provisions in 5.0.6.7.

Specific Requirements

Refrigerated or frozen specimens: Ice, dry ice and liquid nitrogen:

 When dry ice or liquid nitrogen is used to keep specimens cold, all applicable requirements of these
Regulations must be met. When used, ice or dry ice must be placed outside the secondary packagings or in
the outer packaging or an overpack. Interior supports must be provided to secure the secondary packagings
in the original position after the ice or dry ice has dissipated. If ice is used, the outside packaging or
overpack must be leakproof. If dry ice is used, the packaging must be designed and constructed to permit
the release of carbon dioxide gas to prevent a build-up of pressure that could rupture the packagings.

 The primary receptacle and the secondary packaging must maintain their integrity at the temperature of the
refrigerant used as well as the temperatures and the pressures, which could result if refrigeration were to be
lost.
Infectious substances assigned to UN 3373 which are packed and marked in accordance with this packing
instruction are not subject to any other requirement of these Regulations except for the following:
a) the name and address of the shipper and of the consignee must be provided on each package;
b) the name and telephone number of a person responsible must be provided on the air waybill or on the
package;
c) the classification must be in accordance to 3.6.2;
d) the incident reporting requirements in 9.6.1 must be met; and
e) the inspection for damage or leakage requirements in 9.4.1 and 9.4.2.

Note:
When the shipper or consignee is also the 'person responsible' as referred to in b) above, the name and address
need be marked only once in order to satisfy the name and address marking provisions in both a) and b), above.

Passengers and crew members are prohibited from transporting infectious substances as or in carry-on baggage,
checked baggage or on their person.

If an Air Waybill is used, the "Nature and Quantity of Goods" box must show "UN 3373", the text
"BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCE, CATEGORY B" and the number of packages.
Clear instructions on filling and closing such packages must be provided by packaging manufacturers and
subsequent distributors to the shipper or to the person who prepares the package (e.g., patient) to enable the
package to be correctly prepared for transport.

Other dangerous goods must not be packed in the same packaging as Division 6.2 Infectious Substances unless
they are necessary for maintaining the viability, stabilizing or preventing degradation or neutralizing the hazards
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of the infectious substances. A quantity of 30 mL or less of dangerous goods included in Classes 3, 8 or 9 may
be packed in each primary receptacle containing infectious substances provided these substances meet the
requirements of 2.6. When these small quantities of dangerous goods are packed with infectious substances in
accordance with this packing instruction, no other requirements in these Regulations need be met.

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

An example of a Biological substance, Category B shipment is:

Provided Biological substances, Category B are packed in accordance with the requirements of Packing
Instruction 650, no other requirements of the DGR apply except for the definition (see previous page) and the
reporting of dangerous goods accidents and incidents (see Unit 8).

7.1.4 Dangerous Goods Shipments-Acceptance Checklist

Not Required

As mentioned in Unit 2 of this workbook special provisions have been made for the transport of very small
quantities of dangerous goods, as cargo, which except them from many of the usual provisions for dangerous
goods including documentation, hazard labels, segregation in loading and the use of an acceptance checklist by
operator's-dangerous-goods acceptance personnel. As a general cargo acceptance person, it is important that you
are aware of these types of shipments listed in the following table:

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 Acceptance

TABLE 9.1.A
APPLICABLE ACCEPTANCE PROCEDURES SUMMARY (9.1.3.3)

1 The waybill statement is as shown in the applicable packing instruction.

2 Cargo Aircraft Only Label required.

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As discussed in Unit 2, these types of shipments must have certain marks, and in certain cases a label for
identification purposes.

As these shipments are not subject to formal acceptance procedures, they may be accepted without further
regulation subject to specific acceptance requirements set out by the operator, which may fall into your area of
responsibility. Check with your employer for their policy regarding this type of consignment and proper
acceptance procedures.

7.2 ACCEPTANCE CHECKLISTS

When a dangerous goods consignment is presented for air transport, the dangerous goods acceptance personnel
must use a checklist to verify that the shipment complies with the Regulations and is acceptable for air transport.
Most operators have developed their own dangerous goods acceptance checklists to meet the requirements of the
DGR. They vary in degree of detail and number of questions, but are at the heart of their training programmes to
ensure that their staff make the best use of this tool.
The dangerous goods acceptance checklist must include all reasonable steps to ensure that:

 the packages, overpack(s) or freight container(s) as applicable are correctly marked and labelled;
 the Shipper's Declaration is correctly completed; and
 the acceptance requirements of DGR 9.1 are met.

Examples of the Dangerous Goods Acceptance Checklists contained in the IATA DGR are shown on the
following pages.

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 Acceptance

2018
DANGEROUS GOODS CHECKLIST FOR A NON-RADIOACTIVE SHIPMENT

The recommended checklist appearing on the following pages is intended to verify shipments at
origin.

Never accept or refuse a shipment before all items have been checked.
Is the following information correct for each entry?

SHIPPERS DECLARATION FOR DANGEROUS GOODS (DGD)

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

* IF ANY BOX IS CHECKED "NO", DO NOT ACCEPT THE SHIPMENT AND GIVE A DUPLICATE
COPY OF THIS COMPLETED FORM TO THE SHIPPER.

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 Acceptance

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

* IF ANY BOX IS CHECKED "NO", DO NOT ACCEPT THE SHIPMENT AND GIVE A DUPLICATE
COPY OF THIS COMPLETED FORM TO THE SHIPPER.

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 Acceptance

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

7.3 ACCEPTANCE OF UNIT LOAD DEVICES CONTAINING

DANGEROUS GOODS

An operator must not accept a freight container or a unit load device containing dangerous goods
other than:

 a freight container for radioactive material (see DGR Appendix A);

 a unit load device or other type of pallet containing consumer commodities when prepared according to
Packing Instruction Y963;
 a unit load device or other type of pallet containing Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) used as a refrigerant for
other than dangerous goods prepared according to Packing Instruction 954; or
 a unit load device or other type of pallet containing magnetized material.

7.4 ACCEPTANCE OF DANGEROUS GOODS

IN CONSOLIDATIONS

A consolidated consignment is a consignment of multi-packages which has been originated by more than one
person each of whom has made an agreement for carriage by air with another person other than a scheduled air
carrier. Conditions applied to the agreement may or may not be the same as the conditions applied by the
scheduled air carrier for the same carriage.

Dangerous goods are accepted in consolidations under the following conditions:

 they may be shipped-in consolidation with other goods not subject to the regulations;
 they are subject to the normal dangerous goods acceptance check;
 packages and overpacks containing dangerous goods must be offered to the operator separately from other
goods;
 dangerous goods in consolidations are not acceptable in unit load devices, unless the dangerous goods fall
into the categories permitted in Section 7.3 above;
 a Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods is required for each component (house) consignment;
 when consolidations contain any "Cargo Aircraft Only" dangerous goods, the whole consolidation must be
shipped on a Cargo Aircraft.

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UNIT 8-DANGEROUS GOODS EMERGENCY RESPONSE

8.1 INTRODUCTION

Emergency procedures must be available wherever dangerous goods are handled. ICAO Annex 14-Aerodromes,
Chapter 9-Emergency and Other Services, requires that procedures be established by airport authorities to deal
with emergencies involving dangerous goods. In addition, DGR 9.5.2 requires that operators provide
information to flight crew and other employees, in the operator's operations or other appropriate manuals, on the
action to be taken in the event of emergencies involving dangerous goods.

An example of emergency information for flight crew in relation to dangerous goods is the ICAO publication
Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving Dangerous Goods (Doc 9481-AN/928),
generally referred to as the "red book".

Emergency response training is required for all categories of personnel, as specified in DGR Table 1.5.A and
1.5.B. The following basic procedures are given as an example.
It is important that the student is familiar with local requirements and is aware of all emergency
contacts.

8.2 PROCEDURES FOR GROUND STAFF

As identified, airport authorities and operators must have established emergency procedures that incorporate
provisions for the handling of spills of dangerous goods or other unidentified substances. The applicable local
and company emergency response procedures and the relevant emergency contact telephone numbers must be
made available to all employees.

General emergency procedures to be followed comprise the following in the event of a spill or leakage involving
dangerous goods are as follows (see also Section 8.5 of this workbook):
• advise immediate supervisor first and get professional assistance;
• where safe to do so, isolate the package by removing other packages or property;
• avoid contact with the contents of the package;
• if contents come in contact with body or clothes:
─ thoroughly wash off body with plenty of water;
─ remove contaminated clothes;
─ keep hands away from eyes, mouth and nose;
─ seek medical assistance.
• staff involved in such incidents should stay on site until their names are noted.

8.3 CONTAMINATED CARGO OR BAGGAGE HANDLING

If baggage or cargo not identified as containing dangerous goods has been contaminated and it is suspected that
dangerous goods may be the cause of the contamination, the operator must take reasonable steps to identify the
nature and source of contamination before proceeding with the loading of the contaminated baggage or cargo. If
the contaminating substance is found or suspected to be a substance classified as dangerous goods by the
Regulations, the operator must isolate the baggage or cargo and take appropriate steps to nullify any identified
hazard before the baggage or cargo is transported further by air (DGR 9.4.3).

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

8.4 INCIDENTS AND ACCIDENTS

A dangerous goods accident is defined as an occurrence associated with and related to the transport of
dangerous goods by air which results in fatal or serious injury to a person or major property or environmental
damage (see DGR Appendix A under "Dangerous Goods Accident").

A dangerous goods incident is an occurrence, other than a dangerous goods accident, associated with and related
to the transport of dangerous goods by air, not necessarily happening on board an aircraft, which results in
injury to a person, property or environmental damage, fire breakage, spillage, leakage of fluid or radiation, or
other evidence that the integrity of the packaging has not been maintained. Any occurrence relating to the
transport of dangerous goods by air which seriously jeopardises an aircraft or its occupants is also a dangerous
goods incident (see DGR Appendix A under "Dangerous Goods Incident").

8.4.1 Reporting of Incidents and Accidents

In the event of:

1. an aircraft accident; or
2. serious incident, where dangerous goods carried as cargo may be involved, the operator of the aircraft
carrying dangerous goods as cargo must provide information, without delay, to emergency services
responding to the accident or serious incident about the dangerous goods on board, as shown on the
information to the pilot-in-command. As soon as possible, the operator must also provide this information
to the appropriate authorities of the State of the Operator and the State in which the accident or serious
incident occurred.

This includes incidents involving dangerous goods that are not subject to all or part of the Dangerous Goods
Regulations through the application of an exception or of a special provision (for example, an incident involving
the short circuiting of a dry cell battery that is required to meet short circuit prevention conditions in a special
provision of 4.4) must be reported.

8.4.2 Reporting of Undeclared or Mis-declared Dangerous Goods

An operator must report any occasion when undeclared or mis-declared dangerous goods are discovered in
cargo or mail. Such a report must be made to the appropriate authorities of the State of the operator and the State
in which this occurred. An operator must also report any occasion when dangerous goods not permitted under
DGR Section 2.3 are discovered by the operator, or the operator is advised by the entity that discovers the
dangerous goods, either in the baggage or on the person of passengers or crew members. Such a report must be
made to the appropriate authority of the State in which this occurred (DGR 9.6.2).

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 Dangerous Goods Emergency Response

8.5 DANGEROUS GOODS EMERGENCY RESPONSE CHART

(GROUND INCIDENTS)

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

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FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR THE ENTIRE PROGRAMME

Each question and correct answer is worth 5 points for a total of 100 points.

Questions:

1. Which Regulations is this-training programme based on?

2. Write the appropriate name opposite the following Class/Division numbers:

1 5.2

2.2 6.1

3 8

4.1 9
3. Is a passenger or crew member allowed to carry e-cigarettes on board an aircraft, and if so where must they be
carried?

4. Which dangerous goods would bear the label indicated below?

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

5. A package bears the two hazard labels shown below.

Indicate:
The two hazards involved:

6. Dangerous goods are defined as:

7. A package containing flammable liquid is found leaking in the warehouse: What actions are required?

8. Under what conditions may a passenger or crew member pack a camping stove in their. baggage?

9. List three examples of Corrosive substances:

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 Final Review Questions for the Entire Programme

10. What kind of dangerous goods could be contained in:

Aircraft spare
parts:

Breathing Apparatus:

Unaccompanied passenger
baggage:

Machinery parts:

11. A consignment of foodstuffs is presented for shipment. The Air Waybill shows the following information:

However when you check the packages you notice they have the following label:

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

(a) What would you suspect could be in the packages as a refrigerant?

(b) What actions should you take?

12. A pallet of "Catering Supplies" is received from the Company catering department. You are advised that as these
are being shipped as COMAT they are not subject to the dangerous goods regulations, however you notice that
some of the packages are marked "perfumery products" and "disposable lighters".

(a) Is the statement regarding COMAT valid?

YES/NO
(b) What classes of dangerous goods could be in the packages?

Perfumery products:

Disposable lighters:

(c) What actions should be taken regarding the consignment?

13. A ULD containing dangerous goods requires:

(circle correct response)

a. Hazard class label, visibly displayed on two opposite sides of its exterior, corresponding to the hazard labels
displayed on the dangerous goods stored within the ULD.
b. A "Hazard" label visibly displayed on one side of the ULD.
c. An identification tag with a border of prominent red hatchings on both sides and with the class or division
visibly indicated on the tag.
d. The words "Dangerous Goods Within" in letters of at least 30 mm in height.

14. How often must recurrent dangerous goods training take place?

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 Final Review Questions for the Entire Programme

15. What do the following IMP codes represent?

CAO ROX

PEM RLM

ICE AVI

ELM RBL

16. Is the use of an acceptance checklist required by operators for all dangerous goods shipments?

17. What colour(s) must the diagonal hatchings be on a shipper's declaration for dangerous goods?

18. What does this handling label indicate?

19. A package exhibits a Proper Shipping Name and/or a UN Number. What does this indicate?

20. On a package, you find the following marks:

4D/Y69/S/18
N/+MH1212
What does this mark indicate?

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16TH EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2018
80
Answers to Exercises A
UNIT 1 N
1. General philosophy of the Regulations, limitations on dangerous goods, the marking and labelling
requirements, Shipper's Declaration and other relevant documentation, recognition of undeclared dangerous S
goods, provisions applicable to passengers and crew and emergency procedures, including reporting of
dangerous goods incidents or accidents. W
2. The operator must ensure that sufficient notices are prominently displayed at cargo acceptance points to
alert shippers to the regulations applying to the transport of dangerous goods, in addition there is a warning
E
on the Air Waybill.
3. Articles or substances which are capable of posing a risk to health, safety, property or to the environment
R
and which are shown in the list of dangerous goods in the DGR or which are classified according to the S
DGR.
4. 24 months.

UNIT 2
1. The following items may contain:

(a) Dental Apparatus Flammable resins or solvents, compressed or liquefied

gas, mercury and radioactive material

Adhesives, cellulose, paint, organic peroxides,

(b) Repair Kits solvents, resins, etc.

Dry ice (Carbon dioxide, solid)

(c) Frozen Food

(d) Aircraft Spare Parts Explosives (flares or fire bottle cartridges), chemical
oxygen generators, cylinders of compressed gas (such
as oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen or fire
extinguishers), paint, adhesives, aerosols, life-saving
appliances (life jackets, escape slides), fuel in
equipment, first aid kits, wet or lithium batteries,
matches, etc.

2. For the following items, does the passenger need the approval of the operator?

(a) Liquid fuelled camping stoves YES

(b) Small oxygen cylinders YES
(for medical use)
(c) Safety matches NO
(for personal use)

3. For the following items, must the pilot-in-command be notified?

a) (a) Wheelchair with a spillable YES
battery
b) (b) 4.0 kg of ammunition NO
(in-checked baggage)
c) Thermometer containing
mercury (carried by a government official) YES
d) e-cigarettes NO

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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

UNIT 3

1. Give the appropriate Class or Division number and Cargo IMP codes for the following:

Class or Division Cargo IMP

(a) Toxic substances

(b) Corrosive Division 6.1 RPB
(c) Radioactive material Class 8 RCM
(d) Carbon Dioxide, Class 7 RRW/RRY
Solid (Dry Ice) Class 9 ICE

2. Class 2 has 3 divisions: 2.1 Flammable gas; 2.2 Non-flammable, non-toxic gas; 2.3 Toxic gas

UNIT 4

1. For UN 2875:
(a) The proper shipping name of UN 2875 is "Hexachlorophene".
(b) A "Toxic" label is required on the package containing UN 2875.
(c) The maximum net quantity per package for UN 2875 using the Limited Quantity provisions is 10 kg.
(d) The ERG code is 6L

UNIT 5

1. The three "packaging use marks" that are required on all packages or overpacks containing dangerous
goods are:
(a) The proper shipping name(s)
(b) UN or ID Number(s)
(c) Full name and address of the shipper and the consignee (DGR 7.1.4.1(a) & (b)).
2. The packaging meets UN Packaging Specifications.
3. Marks which identify the use of a particular packaging for a particular shipment; and marks
which identify the design or specification of a packaging.
4. There are two types of labels, hazard labels and handling labels.
5. The CAO label must appear on the same surface of the package near the hazard label.
6. ULDS containing dangerous goods must indicate this by means of an identification tag having
a border of prominent red hatchings on both sides. The primary and subsidiary hazard class(es) or
divisions of each dangerous good must be clearly marked on the tag.
7.
(a) Explosives 1.4 S
(b) Flammable solid
(c) Lithium Batteries, Class 9
(d) Dangerous When Wet
(e) Radioactive Material Category II – Yellow

Answers to Final Review Questions for the Entire

Programme
A
N
0
S
compressed or liquefied gas, etc
W
E
R
S
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 Dangerous Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

1. Answers:
(a) Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice). Indicated by the presence of the Class 9-
Miscellaneous label.

(b) The shipper must be contacted and advised that the presence of the Class 9 hazard label indicates that
the packages contain dangerous goods, possibly dry ice. If the shipper verifies the presence of dry ice
as a refrigerant then the shipment must be returned to the shipper so that the packages can be marked as
required by the DGR. The Air Waybill must also be amended to show the required information (see
Unit 6, 6.3.1, Example 2). However, if the shipper advises that there is no dry ice present and that the
Class 9 hazard labels are from a previous shipment, then the shipper must be asked to come and
remove or obliterate the existing hazard labels (DGR 7.2.1(a)).

2. Answers:
(a) No, Company Materials (COMAT) being shipped as replacements for aircraft catering supplies are
subject to the provisions of the DGR and must be shipped as correctly packaged, marked, labelled and
documented dangerous goods.

(b) Perfumery products: Class 3-Flammable liquids.

(c) Disposable lighters: Division 2.1-Flammable gas.

(d) The Catering department must be advised that the consignment cannot be accepted until all of the
articles meeting classification as dangerous goods are prepared for transport in accordance with the
DGR. You should also advise a Dangerous Goods Acceptance trained person within your cargo facility
of the consignment.
3. (c) An identification tag with a border of prominent red hatchings on both sides and with the class or
division visibly indicated on the tag.

4. Recurrent or refresher training must take place within 24 months of previous training, unles a competent
authority requires a shorter period.

5. Answers:

CAO Cargo Aircraft Only RLM Fully regulated lithium

PEM Meat metal batteries
AVI (Class 9)
ICE Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice). RBL Live Animals
ELM Lithium metal batteries excepted as Fully regulated lithium
per Section II of PI 968-970 Ion batteries (Class 9,
UN 3480) as per
Section IA and IB of
PI 965

ROX Oxidizer
6. No, Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities and Radioactive Material-Excepted Package
do not require the use of an acceptance checklist when presented for air transport.
7. The diagonal hatchings must be red.
8. Cargo Aircraft Only (Do not load on a passenger aircraft).
9. That the package may or did at one time contain dangerous goods.
10. That the package was subject to performance tests and may contain dangerous goods.

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APPENDIX A

IATA IMP CODES

The following Cargo-IMP Codes are used extensively within the airline industry and have the meanings shown:
Code Meaning
CAO Cargo Aircraft Only
DGD Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods
ELI Lithium-ion batteries excepted as per Section II of PI 965-967
ELM Lithium metal batteries excepted as per Section II of PI 968-970
ICE Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice)
IMP Interline Message Procedure
MAG Magnetized Material
RBL Fully regulated lithium-ion batteries (Class 9, UN 3480) as per Section IA and IB of PI 965
RBM Fully regulated lithium metal batteries (Class 9, UN 3090) as per Section IA and IB of PI 968
RCL Cryogenic Liquid (Packing Instruction 202)
RCM Corrosive
RCX Explosives 1.3C
RDS Biological Substance, -Category - B- (UN - 3373)
REQ Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities
REX To be reserved for normally forbidden Explosives, Divisions 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6
RFG Flammable Gas
RFL Flammable Liquid
RFS Flammable Solid
RFW Dangerous When Wet
RGX Explosives 1.3G
RIS Infectious Substance (UN 2814 or UN 2900)
RLI Fully regulated lithium-ion batteries (Class 9, UN 3481) as per Section I of PI 966 and 967
RLM Fully regulated lithium metal batteries (Class 9, UN 3091) as per Section I of PI 969 and 970
RMD Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods
RNG Non - Flammable Non - toxic Gas
ROP Organic Peroxide
ROX Oxidizer
RPB Toxic substance
RPG Toxic Gas
RRE Excepted Packages of Radioactive Material
RRW Radioactive Material Category I - White
RRY Radioactive Material Categories II - Yellow and III - Yellow
Instruction 957)
RSB Polymeric Beads / Plastics Moulding Compound (Packing Instruction 957)
RSC Spontaneously Combustible
RXB Explosives 1.4B
RXC Explosives 1.4C
RXD Dangerous
Explosives 1.4D Goods Training Programme—Workbook 5

RXE Explosives 1.4E

RXG Explosives 1.4G
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 RXS Explosives 1.4S

OTHER SPECIAL LOAD CARGO IMP CODES

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 Code Meaning
AVI Live animals
EAT Foodstuffs
FIL Undeveloped films / Unexposed films
HUM Human remains
PEA Hunting trophies, skin and all articles made from or containing parts of species listed in CITES
PEF Flowers
PEM Meat
PEP Fruits and vegetables
PER Perishables
PES Seafood / Fish for human consumption
VAL Valuable cargo

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Printed in Canada ISBN 978-92-9229-496-0