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Transition Elements - ACP

The document discusses the properties and characteristics of transition metals, inner transition metals (lanthanides and actinides), and provides examples and explanations of concepts related to these groups of elements. Some key points covered include: 1. Transition metals have variable oxidation states and form colored ions and complex compounds. They are associated with the d-block elements. 2. Lanthanide and actinide contraction occurs due to imperfect shielding of the 4f electrons, causing a decrease in atomic size and increasing complex formation tendencies. 3. The melting and boiling points of d-block elements are highest in the middle of the series due to increased metal-metal bonding compared to the ends.

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68 views2 pages

Transition Elements - ACP

The document discusses the properties and characteristics of transition metals, inner transition metals (lanthanides and actinides), and provides examples and explanations of concepts related to these groups of elements. Some key points covered include: 1. Transition metals have variable oxidation states and form colored ions and complex compounds. They are associated with the d-block elements. 2. Lanthanide and actinide contraction occurs due to imperfect shielding of the 4f electrons, causing a decrease in atomic size and increasing complex formation tendencies. 3. The melting and boiling points of d-block elements are highest in the middle of the series due to increased metal-metal bonding compared to the ends.

Uploaded by

bharadwaj.n
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Transition Elements - ACP

1. Define transition elements.


2. Write the general electronic configuration of transition elements. Which block of
elements are they associated to?
3. Which block elements show variable oxidation states, form complex compounds and
also give colored ions?
4. Write the formula to calculate the Magnetic moment of the ion/atom.
5. Color of dichromate ions in alkaline medium is _______ and color of chromate ions in
acidic medium is ________.
6. Write the general electronic configuration of inner transition metals. Which block of
elements are they associated to?
7. Give the reason for exceptional configuration of Cr and Cu in 3d series.
8. Give reason for maximum melting and boiling point of elements in the middle of 3d
series than at the ends.
9. Define lanthanoid and actinoid contraction. Give reason for lanthanoid contraction and
write its consequences.
a. Reason – imperfect shielding of 4f electrons in the degenerate orbitals.
b. Consequences:
i. Decrease in atomic size of the elements.
ii. Difficulty in separation of 2nd and 3rd lanthanide series
iii. Increases tendency to form complexes.
10. What is the common oxidation state shown by lanthanoids?
11. Define enthalpy of atomization. Why is it high in the middle of 4d and 5d series
compared to 3d series?
a. Reason – Due to the frequent occurrence of metal-metal bonding of elements in
4d and 5d series compared to 3d series.
12. Why are atomic radii of 4d and 5d series almost same?
a. Due to lanthanoid contraction, the change in atomic radii is very little which
results in elements having almost same chemical properties. Hence its difficult
to separate.
13. In lower oxidation states like 2+ and 3+, the elements show _____ bonding and in high
oxidation states the elements show ______ bonding.
14. What are amphoteric oxides? Give example.
15. Write 3 uses of KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7.

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16. Differentiate between Lanthanoids and Actinoids (4 points).


17. Explain the process of manufacturing of Potassium Dichromate from ore Fe2Cr2O4.
18. Explain the preparation of Potassium permanganate from MnO2.
19. With reference to first row transition series:
a. Name the metal that possess max oxidation states
b. Among Zn and Cu ions, which is colorless?
c. Between Ti2+ and V2+ which ion contains a greater number of unpaired electrons?
d. Why is Sc3+ colorless but V3+ colored?
e. What are interstitial compounds?
20. Give reasons:
a. Transition metals are good catalytic agents. (2 reasons)
b. Second ionization enthalpy of Cu is very high.
c. Spin only moment of Sc3+ is zero.
d. Actinoids generally show variable oxidation states.
e. Lanthanoids are less reactive than actinoids.
21. What is mischmetal?

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