1) In the document, the author discusses what a summary is and how to write one. A summary is a condensed version of a larger reading that gives the basic ideas without rewriting the original piece.
2) The author states that the purpose of a summary is to communicate what the original reading was about and what the author wanted to convey. This often involves finding the central idea or thesis.
3) Guidelines are provided for writing a summary, including reading carefully to understand the main points, taking notes, writing a rough draft that restates the key details and main idea in your own words without adding new information or opinions, and keeping it short.
1) In the document, the author discusses what a summary is and how to write one. A summary is a condensed version of a larger reading that gives the basic ideas without rewriting the original piece.
2) The author states that the purpose of a summary is to communicate what the original reading was about and what the author wanted to convey. This often involves finding the central idea or thesis.
3) Guidelines are provided for writing a summary, including reading carefully to understand the main points, taking notes, writing a rough draft that restates the key details and main idea in your own words without adding new information or opinions, and keeping it short.
1) In the document, the author discusses what a summary is and how to write one. A summary is a condensed version of a larger reading that gives the basic ideas without rewriting the original piece.
2) The author states that the purpose of a summary is to communicate what the original reading was about and what the author wanted to convey. This often involves finding the central idea or thesis.
3) Guidelines are provided for writing a summary, including reading carefully to understand the main points, taking notes, writing a rough draft that restates the key details and main idea in your own words without adding new information or opinions, and keeping it short.
1) In the document, the author discusses what a summary is and how to write one. A summary is a condensed version of a larger reading that gives the basic ideas without rewriting the original piece.
2) The author states that the purpose of a summary is to communicate what the original reading was about and what the author wanted to convey. This often involves finding the central idea or thesis.
3) Guidelines are provided for writing a summary, including reading carefully to understand the main points, taking notes, writing a rough draft that restates the key details and main idea in your own words without adding new information or opinions, and keeping it short.
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WRITING A SUMMARY
A summary is condensed version of a larger reading. A summary is not a rewrite of the
original piece and does not have to be long nor should it be long.
Your purpose in writing the summary is to give the basic ideas of the original reading. What was it about and what did the autor want to communicate? Sometimes, the central idea of the piece is stated in the introduction or first paragraph, and the supporting ideas of this central idea are presented one by one in the following paragraphs. Always read the introductory paragraph thoughtfully and look for a thesis statement. Finding the thesis statement is like finding a key to a locked door.
Frequently, however, the thesis, or central idea, is implied or suggested. Thus, you will have to work harder to figure out what the autor wants readers to understand. Use any hints that may shed light on the meaning of the piece: pay attention to the title and any headings and to the opening and closing lines of paragraphs.
In writing the summary, let your reader know the piece that you are summarizing. Identify the title, autor and source of the piece. You may want to use this formula:
In _________________________ (title, source and date of piece), the autor shows
_______________________________ (central idea). The autor supports the main idea by using ______________________ and showing that ______________________
REMEMBER:
1) STEP 1: Reading
- While reading the original work, take note of what or who is the focus and ask the usual questions that reporters use: Who? What? When? Where? Why? How? Underline important ideas. Circle key terms. Find the main point of the article. Divide the article into sections or stages of thought, and label each section or stage of thought in the margins. Note the main idea of each paragraph if the article is short.
- Do not rewrite the original piece. Use your own words to express briefly the main idea and relevant details of the piece you have read.
If necessary, write brief summaries of each stage of thought or if appropriate each
paragraph. Use a separate piece of paper for this step. This should be a brief outline of the article. 2) STEP 2: Writing
- Write your rough draft of the summary. Combine the information from the previous steps into paragraphs, beginning by stating the main idea.
- Keep your summary short. Omit needless words and repetitions; avoid using “the autor says…,” “the autor argues…,” etc.)
- Do not put in your opinion of the issue or topic discussed in the original piece.
- Do not use quotations, but if you use them be sure to quote correctly. Indicate quotations with quotation marks. Cite each quotation correctly (give the page number).
- Do not plagiarize. Cite any paraphrases by citing the page number the information appears on. Avoid paraphrasing whenever possible. Use your own words to state the ideas presented in the article.
- Use a lower level of technicality than the authors of the original article use.
- Write a summary rather than a table of contents.
[Wrong: This article covers point X. Then the article covers point Y.
Right: Glacial advances have been rapid as shown by x, y, and z.]
- Add no new data and none of your own ideas.
- Use a simple organization.
- Unless the examples in the article are essential, do not include the examples in your summary. If you include them, remember to explain them. SUMMARY SAMPLES:
1) Weak summary: the autor describes the article rather than summarizes [Chepesiuk, R. (2005, January). Decibel hell. Environmental Health Perspectives, 113. A35-A41.]
This article focuses on the growing problema and cause of noise pollution. It explores the effects of population growth, urban sprawl, and the increase of traffic and aircraft prevalence on noise levels. This article offers specific information regarding decibel measurements and risks of prolongued exposure. The autor provides specific decibel levels for a variety of machines and situations.
I plan to use this information in the final report section dealing with health risks caused by high noise levels. <evaluation
2) Better: the autor summarizes by providing key details [Chepesiuk, R. (2005,
January). Decibel hell. Environmental Health Perspectives, 113. A35-A41.]
This article provides information on the growing problema and causes of noise pollution. Population growth, urban sprawl, and increases in traffic and aircraft transportation are having a marked effect on noise levels. Escalating decibel levels and prolongued exposure increase the risks to hearing and health. In the United States, 30 million employees are vulnerable to the possibility of hearing loss because of hazardous noise levels on the job. Children and animals are also at risk to the physical effects of noise, such as stress, elevated blood pressure, and increased heart rate. Various decibel measuring machines are available for various situations. In conclusion, the article show that health and hearing risks due to combined decibel levels and extended exposures occur in everyday life.
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