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All in One SCIENCE 10 Activity CH 2
All in One SCIENCE 10 Activity CH 2
ACTIVITY ZONE
M (s ) + 2HCl(aq ) → M Cl 2 (aq ) + H2( g )
ACTIVITY 1 2M (s ) + H2SO4 (aq ) → M 2SO4 (aq ) + H2( g )
Objective M (s ) + 2CH3COOH(aq ) → (CH3COO)2 M (aq )
To study the reaction of acids or bases with active metals. + H2( g )
Zn(s ) + Ca (OH )2 → No reaction
Materials Required
Zn (s ) + 2NaOH(aq ) → Na 2 ZnO2(s ) + H2( g )
Zinc granules, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, Zinc Sodium Hydrogen
Sodium
sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, test tube, test tube stand, hydroxide zincate gas
delivery tube, soap, water, trough, cork and candle. (Strong base)
Procedure
1. Take some zinc granules in the test tube and then add dilute Check Yourself
sulphuric acid to it. Set the apparatus as shown below.
1. Which gas is produced by the reaction of zinc and
2. Observe the surface of zinc granules. Take a burning candle dilute sulphuric acid?
near the soap bubbles filled with the gas and observe. Ans When zinc reacts with dilute sulphuric acid then
3. Repeat the same procedure with hydrochloric acid, acetic hydrogen gas (H2) is produced.
acid, sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide and observe
2. How will you test for the presence of the gas
the result in each case. produced?
Delivery Ans When a burning candle is brought near the soap
tube Burning of hydrogen bubbles produced filled with gas, hydrogen gas burns
Stand gas with a pop sound with a pop sound.
3. Why zinc granules are preferred over zinc strip for
Candle the reaction of Zn with HCl?
Test tube Hydrogen Ans Zn granules are preferred because it provides large
Dilute gas surface area (as it is present in powdered form) to react
sulphuric bubbles with dilute HCl.
acid
Zinc Soap bubble 4. Name the salt produced when zinc metal reacts with
granules filled with sodium hydroxide solution to produce hydrogen gas.
hydrogen Ans When zinc metal reacts with sodium hydroxide
gas solution then sodium zincate is formed.
Soap 5. Can all bases react with active metals to produce
solution hydrogen gas?
Reaction of zinc granules with dilute sulphuric Ans No, only strong base like sodium hydroxide is capable
acid and testing the gas evolved to release hydrogen gas with active metals.
Observation
Some effervescence is observed near zinc surface and the soap
bubbles which burst with ‘pop’ sound are obtained when
ACTIVITY 2
sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid and sodium Objective
hydroxide is used but no bubble is produced with calcium To study the reaction of metal carbonates and
hydroxide.
bicarbonates with acids.
Conclusion
Materials Required
Active metals evolve hydrogen gas with all acids but not with all
Marble pieces (calcium carbonate, CaCO3), baking
bases. In case of base, only strong base like sodium hydroxide is
soda (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3), dilute
capable to release hydrogen gas with active metals.
hydrochloric acid (HCl), lime water, test tubes, thistle
funnel and delivery tube (bent at two places).
44
ACTIVITY 7 ACTIVITY 8
Objective Objective
To study the reaction of dissolution of concentrated To study the effect of indicators on the given samples of
sulphuric acid (or any other) with water. acids and bases.
Materials Required Materials Required
Water, conc. H2SO4, beaker, thermometer, stand, test tube HCl, H2SO4 , HNO3 , CH3COOH, NaOH, Ca(OH)2 , Mg(OH)2 ,
and glass rod. KOH, NH4OH, litmus (blue and red) solutions,
Procedure phenolphthalein, methyl orange, test tube stand and test
1. Take water in a beaker. tubes.
2. Note the initial Procedure
temperature with the
1. Take all acid and base solutions in separate test tubes.
help of a thermometer.
2. Now add a few drops of red litmus solution to each.
3. Take a small amount of Water
conc. H2SO4 in a test tube 3. Note down the colour change.
+ H2SO4
and pour it drop by drop 4. Repeat the same procedure with blue litmus solution,
in the beaker (very phenolphthalein and methyl orange for every acid and
slowly) along its sides. base solution.
Ca(OH)2 — — — —
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ACTIVITY 12
Objective
To observe water of crystallisation in copper sulphate crystals.
Gastric juice Lemon juice Pure water, Milk of magnesia Sodium hydroxide Materials Required
(about 1.2) (about 2.2) blood (7.4) (10) solution (about 14)
Boiling tube, test tube holder, copper sulphate crystals and
pH paper chart showing colours for different pH values Bunsen burner.
Observation Procedure
1. Take about 2 g crystals of copper sulphate salt in a dry
Nature boiling tube and note the colour of crystals.
Colour of Approximate
S. No. Solution of the
pH paper pH value
solution
1. Lemon juice
Test tube holder
2. Tomato juice
3. Saliva
4. Carrot juice
5. Soda water
6. Coffee
7. Tea
8. NaOH
9. HCl Removing water of crystallisation