S.V, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI 50. no Ekeperiment:- 1G): utes Generation _of Continuous Time Signals_| Airo + Te generite a functional Sequence of a Sigral Csine, Cosine, triengular, Square, saustroth and Sine) Using MATLAS “function. Teols Required + MATLAB Softwore, Personal Computer. aa : i the QPreration oF continuous~time Signals involves crest- ing functions thet describe how o Signal evolves over an unbroken range of time: Centinvous-‘time Signals ore -Fundomental in various fields , including. Signal Processing , coritrel Systems ond Cormmunications . a The — continvous- time. Signals are functions ‘that describe. a physical quantity or phenomenon over an Unbroken renge- Sy they ore typically represented by a function aeCt), where t is a feal-valed variable, representing time. 1% Continuous - time Signal: be classified as either Periodic or aperiodic Cnon‘periodic). y, % Rriodic Signals repeat “their tern over time with o Wall defined pericd T tes 2SS.V. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI 25..No. ee Yb Contimous—time signals are defined from —s0 “te +5° Some of the genemition of continous time Signals are + @)Sine and cosine signals are periodic and can be generated Using ‘the falknalng envatins : * Sine: weCt) = AsinGnst +) e . * cosine: eet) Acos Gnft+) tohere ~ is Amplitude Fis Frequency $ 1S phase angle by Square wove 1S a periodic Signa] With 2 discrete, valves typically <1 and 1. Sts equation is : 3 BCL) = SgnCsinG@nft)) where @qy is Sign function © Saustesth Love is ancther periodic signal with a linear rise a sudden drop. Its eqution is + eC eT Le] =) here at rate @ © periodic signal , C)= abs(i- y LTT. abs is absclute valse function. © Sine signal er function is given as , aeCt) = Sore ® Exponentially furction is given os; eect) = Ac%* here A (s initial vale. TF &20 ‘then it is growth. IR aco then it is decay.li Tire! ®ee §.V. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI page vo. AA i x é @ 4t<° q> Unit step Si ral, UCe) = 4S wos 1 | i tic ho Unit “Impulse Signal also known as Delta Dirac Function . | te, BOO - ct) = r te9 | | Pyesedte, ? , EF | Stort the MATLAB program 2) Open new ™-File: BH pe the progrom, si "2 Save in current directory. 5 Compile and Run the! progrars. > ZLE any enor occuts “in the program , correct! the error and. Fon Hogan, og ees ¢ TW) fer the output, see command window] Figure windows © Stop the progroro. Progrors + ‘} Program for Sine wove t=0:04 ilo; a Y= Sin(a*pi*t) 5 Subplot Cuu.1) 5 Plt Cuyk’)sSawtocth Wave a a wc) = Se TE) = a 3 i 5 ° 2: a é i Sa wae oe Time, 1 Sine vleve ed 1 a Sintt 4) - Sore 3 eet) = TE os pe en ie 2 < poate ato. aqeol aes 10 Time 1 falS.V, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI -..,... ——————— eelabe| C Time) 5 Ylabel CAmplitude?), EitleC Sing Wave”), } Prograin for cowl woave t= O10 105 Jecost*pieey, : Subplet Cy, %2), Plot hy *K), Relabe] CTime?); 2 geen label Camphiates | BtleC* Cosine Whve’); h Program for Square Wave | t=O :0.001210 5 Ws Grease co). ee Subplot Cu4,3); . Plot Ciuy), Pelabel (Tire); ylobel CAmplitude’); Litle CSquare Wave’): t Pregrarn For Sa th Wave Crontto; | Ur Sustest Ct} Subphet Cut), — Plot (4y,5k)5 melabelC time’)six TT pasa ws NEL eponentiolly erent it) és |5.V. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI! 2, No ylabel CArplitude’)s FitleCSastosth Wave”)s hb Progrars For “Tiangubr tlave £=0%0.0001:20 5 Y= Sarctooth ,.5)5 ‘FSausteoth vith sol. duty Subplot Cu.u5)5 PlotCtay), Selabe| CTiene”); Webel CAmplitude”): tidiooneg apisadDs ‘I Progrars Ror Sine false t= lor 0.01 to; Ya Sinctos aeisCE10 19 -2 21)3 Subplot Cy ,446)5 Plot Ct.y); selabel CeTime’)s label CAmplitude’); title Sing Pulse”); cycle. Ctr angular) b Prograrn for Exeponential Grovsing Signal EON ae es Y= explore); Subplot G45 plot Ctyy)scocciS.V. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI page vo, telabel Ct Time’); tA label Cc-Amplitude’); “title C* Eeeponential Growing Signal’); b Progror “for exponentially decaying signal toro. a=2; WeeepCort); Subplet C448); plot uy); telabelCtime™); label CAmplitude’), title Eeeponential Decaying Sgral”)s t Program, for Unit Step Signal te-S i001 55 Step = [zeres C1, 500) pones C5019] 5 Subplot C49); Plet Ce, step); axis(s 5 0 15); relabel time’); dflabel CAmplitude); tle Cunit Step Signal’): + Progrars for Unit. mpulse Signal t= 1: 0.000115 Jee + [2er9C1,1000),0n€8C1, 1)» zere5C1,1000)] 5S.V. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI 25. Subplot Ch ty10)5 Plot Ce, impulse) Belabel (* Time”); Ylabel CAmplitede”): oeeis(Ea a 0 2); Eitle CsDmpulse Signal’); Result + whos, the Fogroms for continvous ‘time Signals were preg} a @eecuted Success Full; ad VSing «MATLAB and the results a plotted.—_ §.V. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI pace no Eéeperimnentt= 1Cb) Date + Generation of ‘Discrete “Time Signals Air To generate a discrete time Signal sequence Cunit step, Unit ramp, Sine, Cosine. 2 8aeponenttial, Unit impulse) using MATLAB Fonction. “Tools Required : MATLAB Softunre Fersonal Cornputer Theory + Discrete time signals are defined only ot Specific, isolated time instances ©r) discrete tine Points. Time is represented OS Wteger Values and denoted as ‘nm’. os [Hh]. Discrete time signals have Finite precision as ‘they ore defined only at discrete time points Sorne of the generation of discrete-time Signals are + 99 Sine _Signal + ef] = Asin Gipl*fn T+ Pht) — « b> cosine, sgnal + RIN} = Acosamfn T+) where A ts amplitude TiS Sampling period. Fie Frequency 1S Sample Indes $ is phase angle:S.V, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPAT! 2:01 (0. © Square save signal con be genemited by teggling betoeen ‘two Valves. 4 Smoteoth can be genertted Using a linear ramp or modulo operation. © Tranguler Signal 1 Similar-to Sausteoth wove byt hos o Sypometric triangular shape. Sime Fonction is defined as rel] = Frac {sin th} fr} sory e{n]= _Sintm ™ ® Exeponerstially Growing Signal , xefn] = Aee?T hy Exponentially ‘Decaying Signal, cet] = AST where. *® As initial value a is Groth rate | ~2 19 decay rate © Unit step signal , moa= fh nz0 ©, n--7IVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI page no Brocedure + 19 Start. the MATLAB Programs 2) Open new M-File- 3) Type the Progrars Save in currerit~ directory. Compile and Run the proprorn wD SD 2. Et ony errors occur in the Program , correct: the error ard run HE opein 1 For the output, see Gonroand loindow/ Figure voindow & Stop the. programs Program + - x gaia bh Pregrars For Sinuscidal sequences, ele; clear all; Close oll; n= ©: piio 12*pts, Y=Sinen); Subplot Cu, us StemCny)s zlabel (on --->Ds Uebel Comp--->9 Btle (‘Sinusoidal Signal”)s Z=costn)sa oa oP Exeponential Signal ‘ ; E é aeqny's' EAM" 470 grousing! See cpotasley§.V. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI page no Subplot C444), stemn,2)5 welabel C+m ~~ ->2); label C= eo glebel Carnp— 2h Ete cosine. Signal): hb Progrars For Sqrore Signal N=0tpihoraxpi ‘ P= squerechy; Subplet Cu,4,3), Stemcrp); * eelabel Csn- ~~ 59); Ylabel Cramp--—>)5 BtleCspoe Sipal): “h Progran For Savctouth signal N=o:pi/io .a™pi 5 a = SaustoothCn)s Subplt Gui.) s stem (qs fp ei, eelabel Con -— ; label Camp -~~>9)5 title CSauter Spr;eS ~piangitlar Signal mW eyayep DL sone '-r is, Time period amp---7 3 ° xsi\5] SubplstC4,5)5 Stem Cords eebbel Cn --5»), Ylabe| Carp --—>); title Cine Sigel): Te Program er Eisponential Signal N=010.2:95 S=exptn); SubplstCu, WS8)5 Stem(n,s) 5 lobel Gn ~~), lake] Camp -i-—7’) titleC ceeporlentidl Signal’): th Prograny for THanguler Signal! NE-Sio5 155 width = 55 Tatripuls Cn width) ; Subplet a1) Stem Ch); eelakel Cn--- > oS Ylabel Camp >); title Trangular Signal’) h Progrars for Unit Ramp Signal N= O10.5 +955, Tampen 5 app terpenesS.V. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI! PageNo. subplot C4.4,8)5 Stem Cn,romp)> telabel Cen-- ->’)5 Ylabe | Camp ~~~) tle C Ramp Signal”): th Prograry for Unit Step Seqence. N="S10.5 +55 Step = [zeros C110), onescuti)] 5 Subplst CuO; Stern Cn, step); telabel (en __ Ylobel Carmp--->); *ssCL-5 5 © 1.5]); Hitle Unit Step sequence’); th Prograro fr Unit “Empuke Sequence N=-lsOA sls Tinpuled = TeeresCii0) ones Cit), zeros Cit0)] jot Cy hylo)s, Stem Cn, Impulse); tlabel C¢n--—5>), Ylebel Ctamnp_~->)5pero Eee §.V. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI p25. o. a ne 5 aeis(t2 2 023); Ree : Reg bitle CcOnit: Impolbe Sequerce’) 5 ct R 4 esult + a thes, the Programs for discrete time Sequences are eee, 4 oe ee tech Successfully Using MATLAB and the rewlts plotted. » oO co Ye? > : > o e & »