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Radiation Assignment

Characteristic radiation occurs when a fast-moving electron collides with and ejects a K-shell electron from an atom, causing an outer shell electron to fill the hole and emit a photon. This results in a line spectrum specific to each element. For example, electron transitions from the L-shell to K-shell in tungsten produce x-rays at 57.98 and 59.32 keV, representing the two allowed energy states in the K-shell due to the Pauli exclusion principle.

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Subham Ku. Bhuyan
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37 views4 pages

Radiation Assignment

Characteristic radiation occurs when a fast-moving electron collides with and ejects a K-shell electron from an atom, causing an outer shell electron to fill the hole and emit a photon. This results in a line spectrum specific to each element. For example, electron transitions from the L-shell to K-shell in tungsten produce x-rays at 57.98 and 59.32 keV, representing the two allowed energy states in the K-shell due to the Pauli exclusion principle.

Uploaded by

Subham Ku. Bhuyan
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CHARACTERISTIC RADIATION OF

X-RAYS
NAME :- JANHAVI MISHRA

REGD. NO. :- 221704400026

BRANCH :- BSC RADIOLOGY (2 ND SEM)


CHARACTERISTIC RADIATION OF X-RAYS :-

1. CHARACTERISTIC RADIATION IS A TYPE OF ENERGY


EMISSION RELEVANT FOR X-RAY PRODUCTION. THIS
ENERGY EMISSION HAPPENS WHEN A FAST-MOVING
ELECTRON COLLIDES WITH A K-SHELL ELECTRON, THE
ELECTRON IN THE K-SHELL IS EJECTED (PROVIDED THE
ENERGY OF THE INCIDENT ELECTRON IS GREATER THAN
THE BINDING ENERGY OF K-SHELL ELECTRON) LEAVING
BEHIND A ‘HOLE’. AN OUTER SHELL ELECTRON FILLS THIS
HOLE (FROM THE L-SHELL, M-SHELL, ETC. ) WITH AN
EMISSION OF A SINGLE X-RAY PHOTON, SOMETIMES
CALLED A CHARACTERISTIC PHOTON, WITH AN ENERGY
LEVEL EQUIVALENT TO THE ENERGY LEVEL DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN THE OUTER AND INNER SHELL ELECTRON
INVOLVED IN THE TRANSITION.

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2. AS OPPOSED TO THE CONTINUOUS SPECTRUM OF
BREMSSTRAHLUNG RADIATION, CHARACTERISTIC
RADIATION IS REPRESENTED BY A LINE SPECTRUM. AS
EACH ELEMENT HAS A SPECIFIC ARRANGEMENT OF
ELECTRONS AT DISCRETE ENERGY LEVEL, THEN IT CAN
BE APPRECIATED THAT THE RADIATION PRODUCED FROM
SUCH INTERACTIONS IS ‘CHARACTERISTIC’ OF THE
ELEMENT INVOLVED.

3. FOR EXAMPLE, IN A TUNGSTEN TARGET ELECTRON


TRANSITIONS FROM THE L-SHELL TO THE K-SHELL
PRODUCE X-RAYS PHOTONS OF 57.98 AND 59.32 KEV. THE
TWO ENERGY LEVELS ARE AS A RESULT OF THE PAULI
EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE WHICH STATES THAT NO TWO
PARTICLES OF HALF-INTEGER SPIN (SUCH AS
ELECTRONS) IN AN ATOM CAN OCCUPY EXACTLY THE
SAME ENERGY STATE AT THE SAME TIME; THEREFORE
THE K-SHELL REPRESENTS TWO DIFFERENT ENERGY
STATES, THE L-SHELL EIGHT STATES AND SO ON.

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THANK YOU

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