Solution of Model paper
Subject-Digital Image Processing
Subject code-
Semester-VII
Made by: Rajni Kumari, GEC Jehanabad
Q.1 Choose the correct answer of the following (Any seven) [2×7=14]
a) Which of the following process helps in Image enhancement?
Answer- (iii) both a and b
b) How does picture formation in the eye vary from image formation in a camera?
Answer- (iv) Variable focal length
c) Which of the following is the first and foremost step in Image Processing?
Answer- (i) Image acquisition
d) Approaches to image processing that work directly on the pixels of incoming image work in
____________
Answer- (i) Spatial Domain
e) Which of the following illustrates three main types of image enhancing functions?
Answer- (iv) Power law, logarithmic and inverse law
f) Which of the following is the application of Histogram Equalization?
Answer- (iii) Image enhancement
g) Which gray-level transformation increases the dynamic range of gray-level in the image?
Answer- (ii) Contrast stretching
h) ____________________ is known as the highlighting the contribution made to total image by
specific bits instead of highlighting intensity-level changes.
Answer- (i) Bit-plane slicing
i) Gamma Correction is defined as __________
Answer- (ii) A Power-law response phenomenon
Q.2 (a) What do you understand by digital image processing? Explain the components of an
image processing system. [10]
Answer-
Q.2 (b) What do you mean by digital image representation? [4]
Answer-
Q.3 (a) Define the two dimensional discrete Fourier transform, and discrete inverse Fourier
transform. List out any three properties of it. [7]
Q.3 (b) Explain Continuous and discrete Fourier transform in one dimensional and two
dimensional both. [7]
Q.4 (a) Compare the smoothing and sharpening filters. [4]
Q.4 (b) Explain histogram equalization. And equalize the given histogram [10]
Gray level 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Number of Pixel 790 1023 850 656 329 245 122 81
Answer 4(b): Number of Gray Level i.e 𝑳=8
Now Plot the original Histogram
nk
1023
850
656
329
245
122
81
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Fig-1: Original Dark Histogram
Gray Level nk PDF CDF ( L − 1) Sk Rounding Off
Pr ( rk ) =
nk Pr ( rk ) 7 Sk
n
0 790 0.19 0.19 1.33 1
1 1023 0.25 0.44 3.08 3
2 850 0.21 0.65 4.55 5
3 656 0.16 0.81 5.67 6
4 329 0.08 0.89 6.23 6
5 245 0.06 0.95 6.65 7
6 122 0.03 0.98 6.86 7
7 81 0.02 1 7 7
We take first, second and last column
Old Gray Level Equalized Gray Level New Gray Level
0 790 1
1 1023 3
2 850 5
3 656 6
4 329 6
5 245 7
6 122 7
7 81 7
We notice that the new gray levels have pixels only at 1,3,5,6,7. There are no pixels in gray level
0,2 and 4.
Equalized gray level Number of pixels
0 0
1 790
2 0
3 1023
4 0
5 850
6 656+329=985
7 245+122+81=448
1023
850 985
790
448
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Fig-2: Equalized Histogram
Q.5(a) Explain the process of intensity transformation (Point operation) in image enhancement
technique with suitable examples. [10]
Q.5(b) Discuss low pass and high pass frequency domain filters. [4]
Q.6(a) What is the difference between image enhancement and image restoration? Mention some
important causes of image degradation [4]
Q.6(b) What do you understand by hit-miss transform and why they are used explain in brief? [10]
Q.7(a) Explain the three methods to estimate degradation function used for image restoration. [10]
Q.7(b) What is the issue with inverse filtering for restoring image. [4]
Q.8 (a) Explain high pass filtering using the Laplacian in the frequency domain. [7]
Q.8(b) With a block diagram and equations, explain “Homoporphic filtering”. [7]
Q.9 Write short notes on any two of the following: [2×7=14]
a. Sampling and Quantization
b. Contrast Stretching
c. Probability Density Function
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