The document discusses the properties of cardiac muscle, including morphological, electrical, mechanical, and metabolic functions. It describes the structural characteristics of cardiac muscle like intercalated discs and gap junctions. The electrical properties discussed include autorhythmicity, excitability, and conductivity. Mechanical properties explained are contractility, all or none law, refractory period, staircase effect, and Frank-Starling law. Cardiac muscle has a high metabolic rate due to its abundant blood supply and mitochondria.
The document discusses the properties of cardiac muscle, including morphological, electrical, mechanical, and metabolic functions. It describes the structural characteristics of cardiac muscle like intercalated discs and gap junctions. The electrical properties discussed include autorhythmicity, excitability, and conductivity. Mechanical properties explained are contractility, all or none law, refractory period, staircase effect, and Frank-Starling law. Cardiac muscle has a high metabolic rate due to its abundant blood supply and mitochondria.
The document discusses the properties of cardiac muscle, including morphological, electrical, mechanical, and metabolic functions. It describes the structural characteristics of cardiac muscle like intercalated discs and gap junctions. The electrical properties discussed include autorhythmicity, excitability, and conductivity. Mechanical properties explained are contractility, all or none law, refractory period, staircase effect, and Frank-Starling law. Cardiac muscle has a high metabolic rate due to its abundant blood supply and mitochondria.
The document discusses the properties of cardiac muscle, including morphological, electrical, mechanical, and metabolic functions. It describes the structural characteristics of cardiac muscle like intercalated discs and gap junctions. The electrical properties discussed include autorhythmicity, excitability, and conductivity. Mechanical properties explained are contractility, all or none law, refractory period, staircase effect, and Frank-Starling law. Cardiac muscle has a high metabolic rate due to its abundant blood supply and mitochondria.
DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI ASSISTANT PROFESSOR BLCMCRI DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
P5.2 Describe the properties
of cardiac muscle including its MUST KNOW morphology, electrical, mechanical and metabolic functions
1 List the special structural
characteristics of cardiac muscle. DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
3.Describe the functional features of cardiac
muscle in relation to: a) Excitability MUST KNOW b) Conductivity c) Autorhythmicity d) Contractility e) Non-fatigability f) All Or None Law g) Refractory Period h) Extrasystole And Compensatory Pause i) Staircase Phenomenon j) Frank Starling Law 4. Compare & contrast morphological and functional properties of cardiac muscle against skeletal & smooth muscles. DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
CARDIAC PROPERTIES MORPHOLOGICAL
CARDIAC MUSCLE PROPERTIES OF PROPERTIES ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES MECHANICAL PROPERTIES METABOLIC PROPERTIES DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
CARDIAC PROPERTIES MORPHOLOGICAL
CARDIAC MUSCLE PROPERTIES OF PROPERTIES ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES MECHANICAL PROPERTIES METABOLIC PROPERTIES DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES 1.GENERAL FEATURES
2.LIGHT MICROSCOPIC FEATURES
3.ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC FEATURES
4. SARCOTUBULAR SYSTEM DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES 1.GENERAL FEATURES
I. Involuntary Striated II. Intercalated discs III.Gap Junctions IV.Functional Syncitium : Atrial & Ventricular Syncitium V. Highly Vascular DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES 2.LIGHT MICROSCOPIC FEATURES
1.Sarcomere & it’s Features
2. Contractile Unit DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES 3.ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC FEATURES
I. Thick & Thin Filaments
II.Tropomyosin III.Troponin DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES 4. SARCOTUBULAR SYSTEM
A.T system penetrates the
Sarcomere at Z line. B. Hence Cardiac Muscle has just one Triad per Sarcomere DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
CARDIAC PROPERTIES MORPHOLOGICAL
CARDIAC MUSCLE PROPERTIES OF PROPERTIES ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES MECHANICAL PROPERTIES METABOLIC PROPERTIES DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
METABOLIC PROPERTIES • Blood Supply of Myocardium is 80ml/100gm/min 1 • Blood Supply of Sk Muscle is 3 ml/100gm/min
• Numerous Mitochondria 2 • High Content Of Myoglobin
• Heart Normally works under Aerobic metaobolism
3 • Less Than 1% by anaerobic
• Under Basal Condition Heart gets 60% energy by fats,
4 35% by Carbohydrates DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
CARDIAC PROPERTIES MORPHOLOGICAL
CARDIAC MUSCLE PROPERTIES OF PROPERTIES ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES MECHANICAL PROPERTIES METABOLIC PROPERTIES DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES 1.AUTORYTHMICITY
2.EXCITABILITY
3.CONDUCTIVITY ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
PURKINJE FIBRES ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
AUTORHYTHMICITY
The property of the cardiac muscle to generate its own impulses without any external stimuli at regular rhythmic intervals is called as Autorythmicity.
Autorythmicity seen in 1. SA Node 2. AV Node 3. Purkinje Fibres 4. Ectopic Ventricular Tissues
and decreased contractility decreases cardiac output. DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- CONTRACTILITY- IONOTROPY MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
ALL OR NONE LAW
DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- ALL OR NONE LAW The all or none law states that “The magnitude of response of a tissue to stimuli remains same irrespective of the strength of stimuli”
Subthreshold strength - No response
Threshold intensity - Optimum response. Suprathreshold Stimulus - The height of contraction does not increase
. DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- ALL OR NONE LAW The all or none law states that “The magnitude of response of a tissue to stimuli remains same irrespective of the strength of stimuli”
MECHANISMS: Two Reasons
i) All or none nature of the action potential
. ii) Syncytial nature of the heart muscle
DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- STAIRCASE PHENONOMENON
If a quiescent heart, Is stimulated repeatedly ( within 10 seconds). The magnitude of first 3–4 contractions progressively increases. This is called staircase phenomenon. DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- STAIRCASE PHENONOMENON
REASONS: 1. Calcium released is not completely pumped back into SR 2. First Contraction:Tempearture increases and thus increases the enzymatic activity 3. First Contraction: Decreases The viscosity DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- Refractory Period DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- Refractory Period DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- NON FATIGUABILITY
LONG REFRACTORY PERIOD
RICH BLOOD SUPPLY
AEROBIC METABOLISM
RICH IN MITOCHONDRIA DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- EXTRASYSTOLE
When a STRONGER STIMULUS is applied in the
relative refractory period, an EXTRA CONTRACTILE RESPONSE occurs. This is called EXTRASYSTOLE.
This contraction occurs earlier than the normally
expected one. Usually, the extra-stimulus arises from an ectopic focus in the ventricle. DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- COMPENSATORY PAUSE
The natural stimulus (impulse arising from the
SA node) falls in the refractory period of the extrasystole and does not evoke a response.
Therefore, the natural contraction is missed and
long pause is recorded following the extrasystole, which is called compensatory pause DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- COMPENSATORY PAUSE DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES- FRANK STARLING’S LAW The force of contraction is directly proportional to the initial length of the muscle fiber, within the physiological limit, which is known as the Frank-Starlings Law of the heart.
The Initial length of muscle fiber depends on the
level of PRELOAD , which is the END-DIASTOLIC VOLUME.
THE FRANK STARLING LAW OF HEART STATES THAT
“Within physiological limits, The Force of contraction is directly proportional to its End Diastolic Volume” DR JYOTHI VYBHAVI
