The Diuretic Property of Mimosa Pudica(Makahiya) Leaves

Members:
Mayuga, Katrina Ashley M.
Alday, Princess Eleona A.
Parado, Erika Lee C.
Bacayo, Loraine C.
Background

Diuresis is the process where the kidneys produce and expel more urine than usual,
which can be due to increased fluid intake, medications, or medical conditions affecting the
kidneys or other organs. It is a vital bodily function that eliminates excess water and waste
substances while regulating fluid and electrolyte levels. Diuretics are medications that stimulate
urine production and elimination, reducing fluid retention in the body, and are used to treat
conditions like hypertension, heart failure, kidney disease, and swelling. Different types of
diuretics are available that target specific areas of the kidneys to regulate water and electrolyte
excretion.

The Makahiya plant is a low-growing herbaceous plant that originates from South and
Central America, but is also present in numerous tropical and subtropical areas around the
globe. Due to its unique ability to fold its leaves inward when touched, it is known by various
names such as "sensitive plant," "touch-me-not," and "shame plant." This plant has been used
for its therapeutic properties in many parts of the world, particularly in Ayurvedic and traditional
Chinese medicine.

The diuretic property of mimosa pudica(makahiya) leaves refers to the ability of the
leaves of the Mimosa pudica plant to increase the production and elimination of urine, which
helps to reduce fluid buildup in the body. This property has been traditionally used for medicinal
purposes, particularly in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine, to treat conditions such as
edema (swelling caused by fluid buildup), high blood pressure, and kidney disease. Some
studies have also suggested that Mimosa pudica leaves contain compounds that exhibit diuretic
activity, although more research is needed to fully understand the plant's potential health
benefits and safety.

Significance of the Study

The findings of this study will benefit these specific people. For community, this study will
benefit the community by providing a natural and safe way to manage certain health conditions,
potentially reducing the need for expensive medications and improving the quality of life for
members of the community. For people, this study will benefit the people by promoting the
elimination of excess fluids and supporting kidney function. For the pharmaceutical field, this
study will benefit the pharmaceutical field by discovering a more efficient, sustainable and
organic way to treat their customer’s various conditions like edema, high blood pressure and
kidney stones. For Doctors, the result of the study will benefit the doctors by providing them a
wide scope of treatment in terms of diuretic treatments.

Scope

This study's overarching goal is to assist the treatments of diuretics in order to assist
those who have an edema or swelling caused by excess fluid in the body, high blood pressure,
heart failure and kidney disease. The subjects of this study will be those who have suffered
edema, high blood pressure, heart failure, and kidney disease.

Research Questions/Objectives

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Diuretic Property of Mimosa Pudica(Makahiya)
Leaves in their treatment. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. Can the diuretic properties of Mimosa pudica leaves be utilized in the treatment of
specific medical conditions, such as hypertension, edema, and urinary tract infections,
and if so, how effective is it compared to standard treatment options?
2. What is the optimal dosage of Mimosa pudica leaf extract needed to produce a diuretic
effect in humans?
3. What are the active compounds in Mimosa pudica leaves that exhibit diuretic properties,
and how do they affect the body's urinary system?
4. What are the potential side effects of using Mimosa pudica leaf extract as a diuretic, and
how do they compare to other known diuretics in terms of safety and efficacy?
5. What is the diuretic effect of Mimosa pudica (Makahiya) leaves on animal subjects, and
how does it compare to other known diuretics?

Hypothesis

There is no significant relationship between the diuretic and the property of Mimosa
Pudica leaves

Review of Related Literature

According to Healthline (2017), Dandelion extract is a common herbal product known to

be a diuretic due to its high potassium level. A modest human trial discovered diuretic effects,
but additional research is needed. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber) was investigated for
diuretic activity. Extracts and purified fractions obtained from autumn-collected roots were tested
utilizing saline - loaded mice. No extracts showed substantial increases in urine volume or salt
output. Dandelion leaves and roots obtained from several places in Ireland were also tested for
total ash and main mineral concentrations during an eight-month period (October-May). There
were no notable variations or noteworthy trends in any of the metrics. When derived from the
same plants, the average leaf ash was 14.50% w/w and the root ash was 7.50% w/w; leaf ash
was always twice the value of root ash. The mean leaf K+ content was 4.51% w/w, while the
mean root K+ content was 2.45% w/w. The K+ content of both the leaves and the roots was
always one-third of the total ash content. Mean Na+ concentrations for leaves were 0.49% w/w
and roots 0.33% w/w; whereas values for Ca2+ were 0.88% w/w for leaves and 0.33% w/w for
roots. The dandelion's high K+ concentration is thought to be the chemical responsible for any
diuretic action. (International Journal of Pharmacognosy)
 According to Carneiro et al. (2014), EADE's (Field Horsetail) diuretic impact was
evaluated by measuring the participants' water balance over a 24-hour period. The E. Arvense
extract provided a diuretic effect that was greater than the negative control and comparable to
hydrochlorothiazide without creating substantial changes in electrolyte clearance. There was no
substantial increase in catabolite urine elimination. Minor adverse effects were noted seldom.
Clinical evaluations and laboratory testing revealed no differences before or after the trial,
indicating that the medicine is safe for short-term usage. Further study is needed to better
understand the mechanism of diuretic activity as well as the other pharmacological properties of
this phytomedicine.

Holarrhena Antidysenterica is a tiny deciduous tree found in the Himalaya and

sub-Himalaya tracts that belongs to the Apocyanaceae family. It is popularly known as bitter
oleander and locally as Kurchi. Historically, H. Antidysentrica is used to treat conditions such as
colic, diarrhea, dysentery, and fever. It is also used as a carminative, an astringent, a
lithontriptic, a tonic, an aphrodisiac, a cardiac suppressor, a diuretic, and an antihypertensive. At
a dosage of 10 mg/kg body weight, hydrochlorothiazide was administered. was utilized as the
benchmark. The diuretic effect of crude aqueous ethanolic extract was demonstrated by a
dose-dependent (30 and 100 mg/kg) increase in urine production. Also, crude extract raised
urine Na+ and K+ contents, urine volume, pH value, and electrolytes level, indicating diuretic
effects. None of the fractions had the same diuretic impact as the parent crude extract. Hexane
extract had no diuretic impact, while Butanol extract had a minor diuretic effect at 30 mg/kg, and
Aqueous extract generated a considerable rise in urine output only at 100 mg/kg, demonstrating
that diuretic activity is distributed across fractions in the order of increasing solvent polarity.
According to the findings, diuretic action in the H. antidysentrica may be mediated via its
saluretic action, which justifies its usage as a diuretic. (Snigdha et al., 2013)

According to Ghelani et al. (2016), Acorus calamus is a plant with a wide variety of
pharmacological properties that is often used as a traditional herbal medicine. An ethanolic
extract of Acorus calamus L. was tested for diuretic and antiurolithiatic activity in this study.
(Araceae) rhizome (EEAC). Three EEAC dosages (250, 500, and 750 mg/kg) were examined
for diuretic action, with urine volume and electrolytes (Na+ and K+) concentrations used as
assessment measures. In contrast, ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis (0.75% v/v in drinking
water for 28 days) was employed to investigate the antiurolithiatic efficacy of EEAC at 750
mg/kg oral dosage in male Wistar albino rats. In the current investigation, CYSTONE (750
mg/kg p.o.) was employed as a standard reference medication. The level of several urolithiatic
promoters in biological samples (urine, serum, and kidney homogenate) and renal function were
employed as criteria for measuring the antiurolithiatic impact of EEAC after the 28-day
treatments were completed. The EEAC (750 mg/kg, p.o.) increased urine volume (p 0.001) and
urinary excretion of Na+ and K+ electrolytes (p 0.05) in a fashion similar to furosemide. In an
ethylene glycol-induced urolithiatic model, EEAC substantially (p 0.05) reduced excretion and
deposition of several urolithiatic promoters in a fashion similar to CYSTONE. EEAC
supplementation also protects against renal function impairment.
 Imperata cylindrica may grow up to 3m tall and has leaves that are about 2 cm broad
and thin to a point at the tips. The leaf margins are finely serrated and studded with sharp silica
crystals. The dorsal surface of the leaf is hairy, whereas the The ventral side is not. Imperata
cylindrica is a perennial rhizomatous grass endemic to Southeast Asia. The purpose of this
study was to look into the diuretic efficacy of an ethanolic extract of Flacourtia indica roots
(Flacourtiaceae). It is a widely used substance in Indian traditional medicine to treat a variety of
ailments. We conducted a scientific research of diuretic activity to validate the drug's traditional
applications. Flacourtia indica powdered roots were air dried and defatted with petroleum ether
before being extracted with 90% alcohol. The presence of carbohydrates, tannins, phenolic
chemicals, and terpenoids was discovered during early phytochemical screening of the
ethanolic extract. The diuretic efficacy of ethanolic extract was determined in albino rats by
measuring urine volume and electrolyte content. The benchmark was frusemide (10 mg/kg),
while the control was normal saline (0.9%). As experiments, ethanolic extracts of the medication
(250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) were utilized. In albino rats, ethanolic extract (500 mg/kg)
significantly increased urine volume as well as Na+, K+, and Clion concentrations. (Ancy P et
al., 2013)

Synthesis